2023高考二轮阅读理解文体分类训练（含答案）

2023高考二轮阅读理解文体分类训练
（A）应用文
The 3D animated movie Tea Pets was released in China on July 21 and fired people’s enthusiasm in learning more about the increasingly popular tea pets-porcelain (陶瓷的)figures placed on tea trays. The followings are some typical tea pets with various forms and shapes.
Pi Xiu
Tea pets in the form of Pi Xiu -a mythical animal similar to a Chinese unicorn - are very popular among businessmen. In traditional Chinese culture, Pi Xiu, the ninth son of a dragon, can bring fortune to people. It only takes money as food and never lets it out. Moreover, it is believed that pi xiu can protect a house from evil spirits.
Three-legged toad
In Chinese myths, three-legged toads spit money from their mouth and help the poor. Thus, it has been considered a lucky animal for a long time in Chinese culture. If you’re a fan of Harry Potter series, this little toad might be a good reminder of Hogwarts and magic.
Little foot with a spider
In the shape of a little fat foot with a spider on it, this tea pet might look strange to non-Chinese speakers. In the Chinese language, spider is zhi zhu and foot zu. When the two pronunciations are combined, it would be a homophone (同音字)for “satisfied” in Chinese. It is designed to remind people of having a satisfied attitude towards life and being grateful for every little gain.
The best way to raise a tea pet is to brush it with the fresh tea you are drinking. Only use one kind of tea to pour on a tea pet, rather than many kinds. Oolong, such as Tie Guanyin, and green tea are better choices to raise a tea pet apart from Pu’er tea.
1．Why is Pi Xiu popular among businessmen
A．It takes the shape of a Chinese unicorn.
B．It costs people a lot of money to keep it.
C．It spits money from its mouth and helps the poor.
D．It brings its owners wealth and drives away bad spirits.
2．What does spider represent in the spider-themed tea pet
A．A unique symbol that attracts foreign tea lovers.
B．An insect that brings good luck to Chinese people.
C．A pronunciation that shows the hidden meaning in Chinese.
D．A reminder that people should always attempt to gain more.
3．Which is recommended as the best way to raise a tea pet
A．Green tea is better than Pu’er tea.
B．The tea you’re drinking is the best option.
C．Pu’er tea is not the preferred choice to blush a tea pet.
D．A mixture of several kinds of teas is highly recommended.
（B）记叙文
Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated(截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.
To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking spectacular pictures in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well known locations written on her artificial leg.
“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalkboard,” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback. “My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do,” she said. “I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I’ve been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.
4．What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way
A．She enjoys her traveling across the globe.
B．She suffers little from her leg amputation.
C．She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.
D．She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.
5．What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The Continent. B．The pictures.
C．The leg. D．The locations.
6．Gallagher can best be described as ．
A．helpful and ambitious B．friendly and generous
C．determined and creative D．independent and sensible
7．Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A．Never Too Late to Share B．A Special Artificial Leg
C．An Outstanding Photographer D．Gallagher’s Summer Holidays
（C）说明文
Someday, you may no longer need to brush your teeth by hand. Instead, a group of billions of nanoparticles (纳米粒子) could automatically do all that work for you. It would be especially life-changing for people who find it difficult or impossible to hold and move a toothbrush.
Steager, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn) in Philadelphia and Hyun Koo, an inventor and dental researcher there, found a way to form the nanoparticles into long, skinny bristles (刷毛), a lot like the ones on a toothbrush. But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter.
The tooth-cleaning robot works thanks to two magnets (磁铁). One goes each side of the teeth. The nanoparticles sit in a liquid between the magnets. When the magnets are turned off, the nanoparticles move randomly in the liquid. As soon as one magnet gets turned on, the nanoparticles gather together near its center. When the researchers turn on the other magnet and turn off the first one, the nanoparticles extend outward in long, skinny bristles. When there’s a tooth in the way, these bristles can’t stretch out as far as they want. So they push against the tooth’s surface. If there’s a gap between teeth, they push into the gap. Moving the magnets makes the bristles move against and between teeth. All that motion cleans the teeth. As a bonus, the nanoparticles also have strong power to kill viruses.
The new device is just a proof of concept. The researchers still need to turn it into a product that people will want to use. “There’s a lot of engineering to get from here to there, but every good idea needs to have a start. ” says Steager.；
8．What is special about the tooth cleaner
A．It’s water-proof.
B．It’s transformable.
C．It looks like a toothbrush.
D．It contains skinny bristles.；
9．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The working principle.
B．The magnets’ motion.
C．The virus-killing process.
D．The bristles’ formation.；
10．How does Steager feel about the future of the device
A．Uncertain.
B．Confident.
C．Concerned.
D．Surprised.；
11．Which of the following would be the best title
A．A Tooth-Cleaner Fighting Bacteria
B．A Breakthrough in Medicine
C．A Shape-Shifting Robotic Tooth-Cleaner
D．A New Concept for a New Start
（D）议论文
Hard work really does pay off. Scientists find that perseverance(坚持不懈)leads to better grades and higher achievements in school.
“Being passionate(热情的)is not enough to ensure academic success,” says researchers, who thought of “courage” as a key to success. This is also regarded as effort in reaching long-term goals, and determination to continue one’s efforts in spite of hardships.
Researchers think that the finding could help create new training to help children develop the skill and help ensure their future success.
Researchers from the Academy of Finland studied more than 2,000 students from Helsinki. They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16, the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years. Researchers found that the factor that best predicts courage was related to goals, with previous academic achievements playing no role in developing the skill.
Professor Katariina Salmela-Aro, who led the study, said, “Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily. A key element of courage is high perseverance when facing difficulties and hardships. The important finding is that these factors are the key to success and well-being. Our study shows the power of courage.”
Professor Salmela-Aro also thinks it is important to develop new practices and qualities to improve courage in teenagers. She added, "Young people should see everyday school work as part of their life in a broader context and establish achievable goals for themselves. Schools must also serve as a place where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with weaknesses. One must not be discouraged by weaknesses, but draw strength and new energy from them.
12．What can we learn about the research
A．It takes at least three years. B．It helps students make progress.
C．It meets many difficulties. D．It follows 2,000 students abroad.
13．What should students do according to the researchers
A．Focus on former grades. B．Achieve their dreams.
C．Try all their best. D．Forget sadness.
14．Which is the text probably taken from
A．A picture book. B．A literature book.
C．A geography textbook. D．An educational magazine.
15．What is the text mainly about
A．Being passionate is the key to success.
B．Courage counts in better achievements in school.
C．Professor Katariina’s finding is amazing.
D．Young people should set achievable goals.
参考答案
这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了一些形态各异的典型茶宠。
1．D 2．C 3．B
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，坚持环球旅行，并在拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运。
4．C；5．B；6．C；7．B
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款纳米材料的机器人洁牙器；8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C
本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论了努力会获得回报，但勇气是获得成功至关重要的因素，学校应培养青少年学生敢于面对困难、持之以恒实现目标的勇气；12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
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