(共31张PPT)
Unit 3
The World of Science
To complete the introductions about the scientists.Pay attention to the language that describes their careers.
To know something about Benjamin Franklin and his famous kite experiment.
3. To learn something about an essay title.
4. To learn the structure of the argumentation,as well as some words and expressions in the essay.
1.astronomer
2.biologist
3.geographer
4.physicist
5.chemist
6.mathematician
1. Read the short introduction to Benjamin Franklin and share any other information you know about him
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence. Apart from being a successful statesman, he was also well known as a leading American author, printer and publisher, successful diplomat, creative scientist and inventor.
His Famous Experiment
2. Read the Paragraph 2(第二段) and find out what Franklin’s experiment aimed to prove.
Franklin’s experiment aimed to prove that lightning was a form of electricity.
Franklin’s Experiment:
How Much Is True
An essay title often contains an explicit (清楚明确的) or implicit (含蓄的) question which your essay should focus on answering. For example, the title “Franklin’s Experiment: How Much Is True ” makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay.
So if there is a title, we’d better read it first to get to know the main idea of the passage.
标题（title）是文章的眼睛。如何利用标题帮助我们有效阅读
1. 预测文章体裁
2. 预测主要内容
3. 预测作者的态度和观点
3. Number the statements to show how people's attitudes towards Franklin's experiment have changed.
Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.
People are amazed at and inspired by Franklin’s experiment.
Scientists question what really happened in Franklin’s experiment.
1
3
2
1) Do you think it matters that Franklin’s experiment might not be true Why
eg No. Because what really matters lies in his bravery to do the experiment.
2) What is your opinion about the statement "…we should not always believe everything we read or hear - even if it is a great story"
eg Sometimes a really great story may not be true, and we need to have critical thinking.
3) What qualities do you think a great scientist should have
eg I think a great scientist should be patient, serious, brave, careful, creative and imaginative…
4) In what ways do scientists contribute to society
Firstly, scientific discoveries promote the development of our society. Secondly, the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span. Thirdly, scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
Language points
(第一段） 1.Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science.
本杰明.富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。
1.do/conduct/perform/carry out an experiment with …
2.experiment with sth. 用某物进行实验
experiment on sth. 在某物上进行实验
vi.做实验
（第二段）2. The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.
that 引导的表语从句，that只起引导作用，在从句中不做成分。
fly a kite 放风筝
这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在
1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。
（第二段）3. A metal key was attached to the string.
细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。
be attached to 被绑在……; 附属于
attach great importance/significance/value to 重视
eg The hospital is attached to the famous Medical School.
We need to attach great importance to protecting our environment.
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) 他们认为教育很重要。
2) 那匹马被拴在一棵树上。
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) They attach much importance to education.
他们认为教育很重要。
2) The horse was attached to a tree.
那匹马被拴在一棵树上。
They are trying to find new approaches to solving their conflicts.
（第三段）4. More than one generation of school-children has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
不止一代学生叹服于他的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学方法。
approach v. 1) 走近，靠近，接近
eg As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs.
2) to deal with 对付，处理
eg It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1)
我们走近图书馆的时候，看到了保罗。
2)
春天要来了。
3)
有些教师有更为科学的教学方法。
【语境应用】翻译下面句子。
1) As we approached the library, we saw Paul.
我们走近图书馆的时候，看到了保罗。
2) Spring is approaching.
春天要来了。
3) Some teachers have a more scientific approach to teaching.
有些教师有更为正规的教学方法。
(第三段）5. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
当主语后有along with引导的短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。
（第五段）6. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
引导让步状语从句
【拓展】
1.give sb. an account of 向某人描述……
2. open/close an account 开立/结清账户
3.on account of 由于……
4.take account of =take ……into accont考虑到，顾及
5.
account for解释, 说明……的原因；占比例
【语境应用】选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空。
1) Flights were delayed two hours ___________ the thick fog.
2) The boy was asked _____________ his being late again.
3) We finally ______________ his suggestion.
took account of
on account of
to account for
account for, on account of, take account of
派生词
1.brave(adj)--------bravery(n)
2.discovery(n)————discover（v)
3.true(adj)-----truly(adv)-----truth(n)
4.contribute(v)-----contribution(n)
5.account(v/n)------accountant(n)
6.admit(v)-----admittedly(adv)--admission(n)
7.explore(v)------exploration(n)
8.inspire(v)------inspiration(n)
9.press(v)----pressure(n)
10.shoot(v)------(past form) shot
11.flexible(adj)-------(oppo)inflexible
12.significant(adj)----(反)insignificant-----(n)significance
13.capable(adj)------(n)capbility
14.desire(v/n)------(adj)desirable
15.passive(adj)-----(反)active
16.injure(v)----(adj) injured---(n)injury
17.chemist(n)-------(n)chemistry
18.astronomy(n)------(n) astronomer
19.biologist(n)-----biology(n)
20.minor(adj)------(n)minority
major(adj)-----majority(n)
派生词
21.origin(n)---(adj)original
22.species(n)----(复）species
23.ordinary(adj)---(反）extraordinary
24.mental(adj)-----(adv)mentally
physical(adj)---(adv)physically
25.cure(v/n)----(adj)curable
26.declare(v)--declaration(n)
27.explain(v)----(n)explanantion
28.attach(v)---attachment(n)
信念；依恋；连接；附属
29.scientific(adj)---scientifically(adv)
30.proof(n)--(复)--proofs---(v)prove
Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that causes problems with memory, thinking and behaviour.
The majority of people with Alzheimer’s are 65 and above. It is recognised as the most common mental disease among older people, and the number of sufferers is growing. Currently, there's no cure for Alzheimer's, but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of
life for people living with the disease.
