2014仁爱版英语八年级下册期末复习提纲(短语+语法+习题）

期末总复习教案
教 学 内 容
一、重点单词短语及其用法 Unit 5 1. You look excited\ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )angry\disappointed\upset\frightened. 你看起来兴奋/生气/失望/烦躁/惊恐。2. 感官系动词：look 看起来 smell闻起来 taste尝起来 sound 听起来 feel 摸/感觉起来3. 系表结构：系动词+形容词 go mad get wet get angry turn green fall asleepfeel a little more(confident\ comfortable) be lost=get lost4. go to the movies=go to the cinema=watch\see a film 看电影5. one of + 可数的复数形式 It’s one of my favorite movies.6. prepare…for… 为……做准备 6.say thanks to sb. 向某人致谢7. be popular with 受 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )……欢迎 8.be kind\ cruel to sb. 对某人友好|残忍9. a ticket to… ……的入场券 10.set the table 摆放餐具11. seem +adj.\n.\to do sth. It’s seems that……12. We are moved by the moving story. 前者修饰人，后者修饰物13. be proud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of be pleased with be worried about be excited about \at sth. be sorry for be interested in st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h. be grateful to sb. be strict with sb. be strict about\in sth. be angry with\at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sb. be angry at\about sth. be nervous about be tired of sth.=be bored with sth. be surprised at sth. be surprised to do sth. be afraid of (doing) sth 14. can（not）=be（not） able to will be able to（其将来时）15. have a temper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ature \fever发烧 16.ring sb. up=call sb. 给某人打电话17. care for=take care ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of=look after 照顾 18.on the way to …… 在去……的路上18. feel lonely live alone 前者形容词修饰系动词，后者副词修饰动词19. because of +n.\代词|名词短语 because+句子20. on+具体描述的时间段 21.fall into 掉入 fall down 倒塌22. in the en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d=at last=finally 最后 e into being 形成、成立于（一般为过去式came）24. be full of=be filled with 充满了，被填满了 25. make peace with 与某人和解1. do well\ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )badly in 在……做得好|不好 2.have a talk with sb. 与某人交谈3. at one’s age 在某个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )年纪 4.make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友4. tell jokes 讲笑话 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 5.fail the exam= not pass the exam考试不及格5. some suggestions=some pieces of advice 一些建议 （前者可数，后者不可数）6. happen to sb.\sth. （事情）发生在……身上 happen to do sth. 碰巧7. take part in a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ctivities 8.with the help of sb. 9.clap one’s hands鼓掌10. make faces 做鬼脸 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 11.all the time 一直 12.take a wlk=go for a walk 散步1. calm down 2.at the end of the months在月末 3.smile at life笑对人生4. learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学 learn sth. from sb.向某人学习5. get along（well）with sb. 与某人相处（融洽） 6.put on a play 上演剧目7． in a bad\good mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od in good\bad health in good\bad\high\low spirits8. make+宾语+do\a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dj.\n. make her laugh\excited\monitor let sb. do sth.9. get together with sb. 与某人团聚 10. get bake to sth. 回到某事上11. bring bake a sense of happiness找回快乐的感觉Unit 6 topic 11. go on a three-da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y visit a one-meter-tall boy 2. find out 查明3. make a decision=d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecide to do sth. 做决定 4. hard \soft sleeper 硬|软卧5. at the pric ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e of 60 yuan 6.in bad\good condition 条件糟糕|好7.arrive at+小地方 in+大地方 = reach to = get to 8. total cost总花费9. book a room=make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a room reservation 预定一个房间 10. tell|ask sb. (not) to do sth.11.a room without a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) bathroom or air conditioning 12.a standard room for one person13.work out the cost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the trip计算 work out the problem 解决 e up with an idea提出15.each≥2（river\street ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )） every≥3 either(两者之一) both=2 all≥3(肯定 ) none≥3（否定） 16.be drawn 被抽到17. land safely 18.have a good rest好好休息 19.in the open air在户外20. an exciting experience have no experience (前者经历、可数，后者经验、不可数)21. places of interest 名胜古迹 22.local people strangerTopic 21. be busy (in) do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing sth.忙于做某事 2. on vacation 在度假 3.help sb. (to) do sth.4. make a plan plan to do sth. 计划做某事 5. come along with sb.跟随某人6. at the foot \top ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of 在……的脚下|顶上 7.spread over an area of 40 km2 8. at the beginni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng of 在……的开始 9. by the way顺便问一下 10.take out 拿出来 11.on both sides o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f on each\either side of 12.tell good from bad 辨别好坏13.in on to 的区别 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 14.pull-push拉-推 15.step on 16.in all directions 四面八方17.look for sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ace to park bikes 18. walk through the passage 19.take photos拍照片20. push one’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s way out挤开、推进（道路） 21.out of sight看不见 22.get on\off上|下车23.can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 24.shout at sb. to do sth . 25.have fun doing sth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).高兴地做某事 26. realize one’s dream=come true 27.everywhere= here an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d there 28. especially 29. make sure确保Topic 31.a traffic accident 交 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )通事故 2.Many passengers were hurt. be badly hurt= hurt……badly3.be crazy abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut sth. 热衷于 be crazy about sb. 迷恋、爱上. 4.cause air pollution造成空气污染5.get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事6..in public 在公共场合 7.die（动） dead（形） death（名）8.slow down 减速 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )9.the opposite direction相反的方向 10.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事11.run into 撞到 12.r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ush to冲向 13.careful-careless 细心-粗心 carefully-carelessly14.get a fine 罚款 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 15.in danger处于危险中 16. instead of doing sth 而不是……17.warn sb. (not) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to do sth. 警告、提醒某人（不）做某事 warn about\of against sth.18.in trouble ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cause trouble I’m sorry to trouble you. 不好意思打扰你了。19.lead…to… led（过去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式） 20.ride into跻身于 21.in one’s life 在某人一生中22.go on doing st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h go on with sth. 继续（做）某事 23.the final result 最终结果24.from…to…=from…till… 从……到…… 25.beat sb. at sth.在某方面打败某人26 .beat the recor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d打破记录 set a new record设立一个新纪录 27. once again再一次28.deal with the pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oblems 处理这些问题 29. 21 timed stages 21个计时阶段Unit 7 topic 11. know about了解，知道……情况 2.know\hear of 知道 听说过 3.be born出生于4. have \hol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d\organise a food festival 5.raise money 筹钱 6.on the Internet7. when and where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 8. cheer sb. up使振作（高兴）起来 9.western culture西方文化10. keep\get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in touch with 与某人保持|取得联系 11.fried rice \noodles炒饭、炒面12. get sth. abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t sb. 获得关于某人的信息 13. would like to do=’d like to do=want to do14.turn to =ask sb. for help 向某人求助 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事15.think about 思考，考虑 think over 考虑16. imagine (sb.) doing sth. Sb. imagine (that) +句子17. have a sweet tooth=enjoy eating sweet food 喜欢吃甜食18. wha’s worse 更糟糕的是 what’s more 更有甚者 however 然而19. 形、副+enough ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Eg: good\well enough enough+名词 Eg: enough time\food20. India- Indian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Italy- Italian Greece-Greek America- American Russia- Russian Japan-Japa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese Britain-British Canada-Canadian Asia-Asian Europe-European Africa-Afric ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a Astralia-Australian China-Chinese (前者名词即国名或州名，后者形容词)21. decide (not) to do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sth. decide on sth. 22. over\on the phone=by phone23. send out 发送 s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )end for sb. 请某人来 send off 送行 send sth. to sb. 发送某物给某人24. an inter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )national food festival 25. make an invitation to sb.=invite sb.26. at…schoo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l at 11:00 am. on Sunday 27. We students 28. work at sth.致力于、努力做29. in order (not) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to do sth. in order that=so that 为了 30. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事31. win（动）won（过去式）winner（名）win a match 赢得比赛 beat a team 打败一个队32. a few school supplies supply sth. to sb. 提供某物给某人 supply sb. with sth. 提供某人某物 33. success（名）succe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssful（形）successfully（副）succeed（动） succeed in doing sth.Topic 21. try to do sth. 尽力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )做某事 try doing sth.试试做某事2. cook（煮或厨师）cooker（厨具）3. boiled water 开水（完成、被动） boiling water正在沸腾的水（进行、主动）4. cut sth. finely ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )细细地切 fry lightly cut sth.up 将某物切碎 cut…into pieces 切片5. add to … 添加在…上 add…to…将…加在… add up 加起来 add up to总计为6. in another pot 任何一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个 7. at once=immediately 立即 8. advantage优点（可数）9. first secon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d next then after that finally 首先、其次、再次、然后、之后、最后10．how to do it=what to do 11. mind (one’s) doing 介意（某人）做某事12. well-better-b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )est（副） good-better-best（形） hard-harder-hardest(形|副)13. Help yourself to sth.,单人 Help yourselves to sth.,多人14. for the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst time 第一次 15. table manners 餐桌礼仪 a friendly manner 友好的态度16. had better (not) d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o sth.=’d better not do sth. 17. at the table 就餐18. begin\start with 以…开始 end with 以…结束 19. in your right hand20. eat sth. up 吃完 ate（过去式） 21. speak loudly\quietly22. drink to sb.\sth. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 为……祝酒 Let’s drink to her health. 23. eat soup 喝汤24. take a sip of sth. 喝一小口… 25. point at sb. with sth. 用某物指着某人26. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事27. finish doing sth. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )完成做某事 28.around\ all over\across\throughout the world 全世界29. different e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ating habits 不同的饮食习惯 30. be far away from 远离 31. be different from=not the same as 不同于 32. pick up 捡起、接某人33.main course 主菜 two courses 两道菜|两个课程34. in the southern part of China in the south of China 35. eastern\southern\western\northern\central 东南西北中（形）Topic 31. ladies and gentleme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n 2.on sale减价出售 for sale待售 3.kind-hearted hard-working4. satisfy sb. 使某人满意 be satisfied|pleased with 对…感到满意5. a satisfyi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng result一个令人没满意的结果 6. in fact 事实上 in short 简言之7. Let’s wis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h them success! wish sb. sth. wish（sb.）to do sth.8. order a meal 订餐 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事9. e-mail sth. to sb.（动） send an e-mail to sb.（名） by e-mail （名）10. at No.62 on Be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )isihuan Road 11. have a balanced diet 有个均衡的饮食12. The results were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) worth the effort. be well worth （doing）sth. 非常值得（做）某事11. eat neatly cook properly eat regularly12. It’s said that…… Someone says that……13. not only…but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also…=both…and…不但……而且……neither…nor… 既不……也不…… There be句型 either…or… 或者……或者…… 就近一致原则（both…and…除外）Unit 8 topic 11. so …that+句子 too… to do sth. not … enough to do sth .2. so + adj. + a(n) + n.+ that= such +a(n) + adj. + n. + that so that3. the cotton pants with two big pockets 4. nearly=almost 几乎5. be made of\from\in (of为看得见的材料，from为看不见的，in为物品制造地)6. natural materials : silk leather cotton wool（woolen） 前三者名词形容词同形7. afford sth.\to do sth. so expensive that …can’t afford…8. 人+pay…for… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 人+spend on sth. \in (doing) sth. 物+cost It +takes9. on birthdays ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at Chrismas in winter at noon in the daytime in the old days on special days 10. rather similar 相当地相似 11.dress oneself\sb. in sth.12.not only A but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also B=B as well as A 除……之外（也） 13. catch one’s eye惹人注目14. as well=too 也，置句末，否定用either 15. sportswear 不可数名词。16. protect sb.\ sth.. from sth. 保护……不受……的伤害 17. in a uniform18. more than 不仅仅，比……更多 19. do exercise（不可数）do eye exercises（可数）20. as the saying ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )goes 俗话说 21. scarf scarves 围巾及其复数Topic 21. make sth. for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sb.= make sb. sth.给某人做某物 2. look adj. on sb. 穿在某人身上看起来…3. allow sb.to do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sth. 允许某人做某事 4. at work’在工作时 5. plain clothes便服6. make a survey ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about sth. 做关于……的调查 7. carry out special tasks 执行特殊任务8. keep\stop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sb. from doing sth. stop to do sth. 停下去做某事stop doing sth.停下手中的事9. put on tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e off 穿上|脱下 10. on every occasion 在每个场合 11. in our lives12. It’s + adj.+ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that……= It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 13. try on 试穿14. according to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 根据 15. advise sb. to do sth.=give sb. some advice on sth.16. some…some…and others… 一些……一些……另一些…… 17. hide----hid18. be suitable for sb.\sth. 适用于…… be suitable to do sth. 适宜、得体做……19. look slimmer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 20. dress correctly 21. at the aitport 22. falling ceilingsTopic 31. There is going to be =There will be 2. model the clothes展示服装3. in the middle\ center of 在……中间 4. a traditional dress 一条传统的裙子5. in the world o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f 在……的领域 6. 55 minorities 7.stand for 代表8. another 3 models= 3 more\other models 9. as for sb.\sth. 至于某人|某物10. get one’s name 得名于 11. design…as… 把……设计成……12. either of…… 两者中的任何一个，谓语为单数 13. in the 1920s 20世纪20年代14.become known to\as…=be famous to\for 被某人所熟知|作为……被人所熟知15. express wearer’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s personal style attractive 16. choice(名) choose（动）chose（过去式）17.widely known= ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )well-known 被……所熟知 18. at one time 曾经 in the past在过去19. out of s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tyle过时 in style 时髦 20.outside a clothing store= out of a clothing store 二、重点语法知识复习（一）动词不定式动词不定式是中考的重要考点，从2009年 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到2013年，分别考察了动词不定式作状语2次、作宾语1次、作定语1次，另外，动词不定式也可以做主语、表语和宾语补足语，在八年级下学期学习的动词不定式已经涉及这些方面，动词不定式考察常常与固定短语或者特殊句型相关，通过平时的记忆和积累，有助于提高此类题目的正确率。1、动词不定式的基本形式：to+ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。2、动词不定式的句法功能：作主语动词不定式作主语时，常常用it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语（动词不定式）放在后面。其结构为：It +be+adj.+(+for\of sb.)+动词不定式。例句：（背过）To learn English well is useful.= It is useful to learn English well.It is important for us （保护环境）。It is not easy for us （学好英语）。注意：在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of.It is clever of you to do like that.It is very kind of you to help me.做表语My work is to clean the room everday.My job is to take care of the little babies.作宾语I like to play basketball.注意：一些谓语动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示打算或者希望，例如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, ecpect等。I would like to see a film this evening.I hope to become a teacher in the future.在find, think等词语后，常用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语（动词不定式）放到句末。I find to learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )English well is easy. =I find it easy to learn English well.I find （学好英语很难）。I don’t think （独立完成作业很困难）。注意：常见的一些不用带t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o 的动词不定式的结构：why not do, would rather do, could/would/will you please (not) do…Why not go home now I would rather stay at home.作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辑上的主动关系。tell, ask, allow, get, encourage等动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。Lucy asked me to turn down the radio.My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.请翻译句子： 1、妈妈允许我下午看电视。My mother allows me to watch TV this afternoon. 2、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他告诉我离开前要关上窗户。He told me to close the window before I left.作定语不定式作定语应放在被修饰词后面。There is nothing to worry about.He was the best man to do the job.请翻译句子： 1、你有什么要说的吗？Have you got anything to say 2、你应当把握所有的机会去说英语。whenever you have a chance to speak English, you should take it.作状语动词不定式作状语，最常考的是作目的状语。I’m sorry to trouble you.（表原因）I went to the library to study English.（表目的）To find a book in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the library, enter a key word into the computer.（表目的）注意：动词不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how 连用，相当于一个宾语从句。The teacher is telling the students what to do.He didn’t know where to go.（二）状语从句状语从句是用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。其中，中考常考的有六类：时间状语从句时间状语从句常用when, as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨） when got to school yesterday.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.注意：在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He won’t be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.Study hard and you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.原因状语从句原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didn’t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo.Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)结果状语从句结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.注意：在由so...that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（几乎不，从来不） see her.在由such…that引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）注意：如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was ra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.（三）宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.注意：if 和Whether的区别1）由 连词if、 whether 引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。 例： I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 2）、下面几种情况只能用whether①和不定式连(whether to do sth.)用作宾语时不用if引导. 例：Whether to go there hasn’t been decided. They asked me whether to go shopping.②宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I don’t know whether the star will come or not.③在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 例：I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.1、Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here2、The old man asked me ________ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。简单记为“主现从原来（原来的时态）”
如： I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时），简单记为“主过从过去”。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.1、I didn’t know _______ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how2、I wonder _________ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost例题精讲动词不定式：1. I didn't hear yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy. A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be2. She reach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the top of the hill and stopped____on a big rock by the side of the path.A. to have rested B. restingC. to rest D. rest3. “The light in the office is still on.”“oh, I forgot____.”
A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off4. I remembered___ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English novel at home yesterday forgetting_____ it to the library.A. leaving; to return B. to leave; returnC. leaving; returning D. to leave; to return5. I really don't know ____ . A. to swim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. how to swim C. to swim how D. how swim状语从句：1 The meeting didn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) start___ everyone was there.
A. because B. until C. why D. if
2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.
A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until 3 Although it wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s raining, ----still worked in the fields.
A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they
4 ___ there were only five soldiers left at the front, ___ they went on fighting.
A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; /
5 ___ she is very old, ___ she can still work eight hours a day.
A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet
6Please answer the question in a loud enough voice ___ all the class may hear.
A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and7 Lift it up_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__I may see it.
A. though B. so that C. as D. than
8 I hurried___I wouldn't be late for class.
A. so B. so that C. if D. unless
宾语从句：1. Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris2. Could you tell me ___________ 　 A. where do you live 　 B. who you are waiting for　 C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in3. I can't understand ______the boy alone.　 A. why she left 　 B. why did she leave 　C. why she had left　 D. why had she left4. She told me the sun ______ in the east.　 A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen5. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got课堂练习1.The children all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 2. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. Competing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete3. _____ , you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 4.With the world chan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ging fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing5. Last summer I took a lesson on_____. A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made6. She pretended_____ me when I passed by.A. not to see B. not seeingC. to not see D. having not seen1 He ___ back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )until the work ___ done.
A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is
2 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back.
A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if
3 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.
A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to
4 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing.
A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves
5 Please answer the question in a loud enough voice ___ all the class may hear.
A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and1.Have you decided ________for Australia A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _________ A. where does T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me ________ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _______ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didn’t know _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _________ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _________ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him ___.A. whose cup this i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I don’t know _________ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tart the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 课后练习1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。 I am not a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。 Mrs Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______ her _____ their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？ Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。 The seven-year-old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )girl likes playing the piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 _______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。 He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______.8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_______ _______ win ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 ______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______.11.With the world c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hanging fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing12. Last summer I took a lesson on_____. A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made13. She pretended_____ me when I passed by.A. not to see B. not seeingC. to not see D. having not seen14. Tom kept quiet about the accident_____ lose his job.A. so not as to B. so as not toC. so as to not D. not so as to15. Tom kept quiet about the accident ______ lose his job. A. so not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to16.That box is____. A. too he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )avy for me to carry B. too heavy for me to carry it C. so hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vy for me to carry D. very heavy for me to carry17. The house is not large enough ____ . A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living18. Now we could not do anything but ______ for him here. A. waited B. waiting C. to wait D. wait19. The lost child desired nothing but _____ home. A. go B. to go C. going . D. went20. It's very foolish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ it. A. for yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u to say B. of you to say C. with you saying D. in your saying ( ) 1. What did Mike say He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _______________.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me ___________ 　 A. where do you live 　 B. who you are waiting for　 C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.　 A. why she left 　 B. why did she leave 　C. why she had left　 D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.　 A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see __________.　 A. what was the matter 　B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. what's the matter( )10. He asked his father _______.　 A. where it happens B. where did it happen 　 C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.　 A. how we should do B. what should we do　 C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.　 A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking( )13.They don't know _______their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set ─ Sorry, I've no idea.　 A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.　 A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another( )16. ─ Could you tell me ______ ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.　 A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone　 C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.　 ─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.　 A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain　 C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.　 A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _______. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held