云南省水富市第一重点中学2021-2022学年高一上学期9月英语诊断卷（二）

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云南省水富市第一重点中学2021-2022学年高一上学期9月英语诊断卷（二）
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Urban household assets reach average of 3.18 million yuan in 2019
Editors note: Urban residents' average household assets（资产）were about 3.18 million yuan in China in 2019 and that of Beijing residents was about 8.93 million yuan, the highest in the country.
Distribution of household assets of urban residents
Urban residents' household assets are mainly physical assets with housing as the main part, accounting for about 80% of the total.
The housing ownership rate was 96%, 1.5 sets for each household on average.
58.4% families have one set of housing 31.0% families have two sets of housing
10.5% families have three or more sets of housing
Household average assets in eastern regions are higher than other parts of China, with the amount in Northeast China the lowest, accounting for about one third of East China.
Top three regions with highest household assets in China in 2019 are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province.
Middle-aged and young people and well-educated people are more likely to have debts
Average household debt: 512,000 yuan
Families with householders aged 65 or above are more likely to invest in financial products including wealth management, asset management and trust.
The average value was about 239,000 yuan, about 1.4 times the average.
Household debt participation rate by householder's education level
Household debt participation rate by age
About 73. 1% of those aged between 26 and 35 have household debt.
1．How many families have more than two sets of housing, according to the passage
A．58.4%. B．31.0%. C．10.5%. D．96%.
2．Which region has the highest household assets in China in 2019
A．Beijing. B．Shanghai.
C．Jiangsu. D．Northeast China.
3．Who does probably have the most household debt, according to the report
A．Li Hua, graduating from high school, 37 years old, working as a self-employed.
B．Sun Yi, master's degree, 35 years old, working in a IT company.
C．Zhang Yinyin, college degree, 18 years old, studying in a key university.
D．Chen Rui, Bachelor's degree, 69 years old, retired from the work.
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Jeremy
Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia,
had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.
Whenever he drove past the woman's home, he assumed that the roof was under
repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of
repairmen—but as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any
signs of repair.
"
I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community,
I'd be more than happy to," Locke told CBC．
When
Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however,
she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity.
That being said, she had already applied for a government grant （补助金） to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke
once her grant application was approved.
Unfortunately,
MacDonald never received the approval.
As
the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused
to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played
an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald
to enter a raffle （抽奖活动）that his business was holding
for a free roof. After the grandmother — of — four accepted one of the raffle
tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner—because she was the only one
who had entered the raffle.
Thanks
to his sweet little plan, Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this
week, which is expected to cost his company about $9, 000.
MacDonald,
meanwhile, told CBC that she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to
Locke, saying that he is her "guardian angel".
"There's
nobody out there like him," she added.
4．What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald
A．Repair her roof. B．Find a repairman.
C．Run a charity. D．Raise money.
5．Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially
A．She didn't trust him. B．She had won a raffle.
C．She didn't like free help. D．She had got an official grant.
6．How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind
A．He persuaded her to give up her application.
B．He invited her to enter his business.
C．He gave her about $9, 000.
D．He told her a white lie.
7．Which of the following words best describe Locke
A．Stubborn and tricky. B．Wealthy and innocent.
C．Determined and warm-hearted. D．Different and ambitious.
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
People
made wings and strapped them to their arms. They flapped their arms but couldn't
fly. They built gliders(滑翔机), light
aircraft with wings. Some didn't work, but some did.
The
gliders that worked had special wings. These wings were arched on both the top
and the bottom. The air pulled the wings from above and pushed the wings from
below. When the wings went up, so did the glider! Arched wings help create a
force called lift. Lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air.
Most
gliders have long, thin wings. The wings create enough lift to carry the
aircraft and its passengers. Gliders usually ride currents of air the same way
a hawk soars(飞翔).
Gliders
are very light, and long wings and air currents can give them enough lift to
fly. But to carry more than just a passenger or two, an aircraft needs a lot
more lift. The question is: How do you create more lift
The
engine is the answer!
The
engine is a machine that changes energy into movement. The forward movement
that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust. More thrust makes an airplane
move forward faster. Moving faster creates more lift. And with more lift, an
airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry
passengers or cargo.
In
1903 the Wright brothers figured out how to get wings and an engine to work
together in order to give an airplane enough thrust to fly. They made the first
powered flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Since
then people have made airplanes that can fly faster than sound can travel. They
have made airplanes that can fly all the way around the world without stopping.
Today,
thousands of people travel in airplanes every day. People really have learned
how to fly!
8．If a flyer wants to stay in the air, it needs enough ________.
A．lift B．thrust C．wings D．engines
9．What made the flyers moving forward in the sky
A．The air. B．The lift. C．The thrust. D．The wind.
10．An airplane can carry heavy weight and fly very fast mostly because of ________.
A．the lift B．the thrust C．the sound D．the engine
11．The whole passage mainly tells us ________.
A．how gliders were built B．how important the engine was
C．how people learned to fly D．how the first airplane was made
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When people pause
before replying to a question, even for just a few seconds, their an-swers are
supposed to be less sincere and believable than if they had replied
immediately. And the longer the hesitation lasts, the less sincere the response
appears.
Researchers
conducted a series of experiments involving more than 7, 500 individuals.
Participants either listened to an audio record, viewed a video or read an
account of a person responding to a simple question. In each case, the response
time varied from immediate to a 10-second delay. Participants then rated the
sincerity of the response on a sliding scale. Across all 14 experiments,
participants consistently rated delayed responses as less sincere re-gardless
of the question.
The
findings have wide connotations. Whenever people are interacting, they
are judging each other's sincerity. These results can be applied to a wide
range of interactions, going from workplace chats to couples and friends
arguing. Further, in job interviews and in court hear-ings and trials, people
are often tasked with judgments of sincerity. Here, too, response speed could
play a part. In general, whenever there is a response that requires an answer,
such as in a job interview, delayed responses can be thought as less sincere.
It
would be unfair for the responder, such as a crime suspect, if the response
delay was sorted by mistake into thought control or answer making up when it
was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or
thoughtful. The experiment also found that definitely instructing participants to
ignore delayed response reduced, but did not com-pletely remove, the effect of
delayed response on judgment of sincerity or guilt. Nevertheless, on the whole,
a fast response seems to be regarded as more sincere, while a response that is
delayed for even a couple of seconds may be considered a slow lie.
12．What does the reliability of answers lie on according to the study
A．The response time. B．The answer content.
C．The tone of speakers. D．The difficulty of questions.
13．What does the underlined word "connotations" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Choices. B．Responsibilities.
C．Meanings. D．Possibilities.
14．What effects does the study result have on our life
A．It is a test to judge honesty.
B．It can prevent a lot of crimes.
C．It improves skills in asking questions.
D．It promotes the harmony between people.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Delayed answers are lies.
B．It is unfair to require all to answer slowly.
C．Delayed answers can lead to misjudgment.
D．Delayed response should be ignored completely.
（2021高一上·水富月考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Useful Memory Strategies
Form associations between new and remembered information. If you can link new ideas with previously established ones, then, you can increase the chance that new memories will be formed. Try coming up with a familiar picture, song, joke, or rhyme. 　16． 　． Form a picture in your mind that includes the new fact.
　17． 　 It may be boring, but simply repeating new information over and over in different ways will help it stick in your brain better, especially if you space out the repetition over time. For example, if you're trying to remember the definition of a new word, read it several times to yourself. Then speak the definition out loud a couple times, and try writing it down once or twice.
Teach someone else the information you're trying to learn. Teaching others can help you remember and understand things better. Find a classmate or co-worker who needs to learn the same information, form a study group, and take turns teaching each other different concepts. 　18． 　!
Test yourself after learning something new. 　19． 　 You have to actually practice finding the information from your memory in order to strengthen the connections within your brain. 　20． 　 In this way, you can make sure you've got them right. If you answer something wrong, you will be more likely to remember it incorrectly in the future as well, so instantly correct yourself and repeat the right answer a few more times.
A. Be sure to immediately check your answers.
B. Make sure that the basic information is right.
C. And you can associate them with the new material.
D. Repeat new facts as soon as you come across them.
E. Simply re-reading the same information isn't good enough.
F. Then keep trying effective methods and cooperation with others.
G. Alternately, ask your friends if they're willing to learn something new from you.
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it
were yesterday. It was a sunny day. 21． to
spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain
was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, 22． and hot, I couldn't go any further. 23． ,
we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy
asked me a question, which 24． me speechless for a second: "What's
your dream, young lady " "I have no idea," I answered after
thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his 25． .
He didn't 26． well at school when he was a student. Although 27． thought he could succeed, he knew 28． what his dream was — to be a 29． .
"I knew I wasn't 30． when it came to studying, so I tried to buy
snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class," he told me. After
he left school, he started selling different items to 31． which
one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his
pocket, but 32． difficult life was, he never gave up.
"There is no 33． that a person who puts in a great deal of 34． to reach his or her goal will have good luck
at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream," he said
gently.
That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed
tossing and turning, asking myself, "What's my motivation " I wanted
to be a top student, but the hard work 35． meant putting everything into following my
36． . If I find myself 37． willpower,
what should I do Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain
again all by myself. It made me think: If we don't 38． the
climb, how can we get to enjoy the scenery on the top of the mountain At last,
I reached the top and was 39． by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could
be more 40． than that.
21．A．Hesitant B．Unwilling C．Satisfied D．Eager
22．A．worried B．anxious C．exhausted D．scared
23．A．Consequently B．However C．Meanwhile D．Furthermore
24．A．caused B．left C．pushed D．brought
25．A．career B．story C．idea D．confusion
26．A．behave B．perform C．respond D．impress
27．A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody
28．A．shortly B．directly C．clearly D．rapidly
29．A．chef B．scholar C．deliveryman D．businessman
30．A．gifted B．skilled C．diligent D．knowledgeable
31．A．make sure B．check in C．figure out D．count on
32．A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whichever
33．A．need B．doubt C．wonder D．possibility
34．A．talent B．potential C．ambition D．effort
35．A．directed B．connected C．pulled D．involved
36．A．passion B．ability C．strength D．demand
37．A．lacking B．sharing C．desiring D．possessing
38．A．grasp B．approach C．experience D．recognize
39．A．shocked B．amused C．honored D．greeted
40．A．pleasant B．unexpected C．relaxing D．challenging
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Moving around Bogota can be a bit of an extreme experience. On the one hand, this city has a bad reputation for having the world's 　41． 　 (bad) traffic. Yet, on the other, its cycling infrastructure- 　42． 　 (onsider) a model of sustainable urban traffic. This city even has a special movement called Ciclovia, 　43． 　 (encourage) l.5 million people to bike for 128 km on car-free streets each Sunday morning. Carlos Pardo, 　44． 　 local cycling supporter at the New Urban
Traffic Union says: "Everyone starts using a bicycle because we have this bike culture thanks to the Ciclovia. " Biking has regained 　45． 　 (popular) around the world as urban residents avoid using public transport ever since the outbreak of coronavirus. Now, many supporters are working with the local government 　46． 　 the hope of turning these pandemic response measures into lasting changes, which will 　47． 　 (dramatical) change the way people travel across cities.
Next 　48． 　 (come) the question of how government can keep citizens cycling to work once the coronavirus passes. Local authorities need 　49． 　 (improve) the bike networks, ensuring that they are well maintained even in poor weather. Plus, they can carry out simple policies 　50． 　 can encourage cycling, including cutting down tax, reducing healthcare costs or offering workers compensation packages that include benefits for bike riders.
三、写作（共两节，满分30分）
51．（2021高一上·水富月考）短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In my childhood, my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy. However, things are quite opposite to their expectations. Not only I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted about the valuable of it. Nevertheless, when I entered high school, write calligraphy proved both essential or beneficial. It was at that time when I realized how important it is to master a certain skill.
Judging from my own experience, I want to say a few word to those children who have a same trouble as I did. Do not refuse to learn a skill when young, as at the long run you will find them helpful.
52．（2021高一上·水富月考）书面表达
假定你是李华，你校正在选拔交换生去英国St. Mary School学习。请你给英语老师 Mr. Smith 写信推荐自己，要点如下：
1）推荐自己；
2）自荐理由（性格、能力等方面）。
关注：
1）写作回数应为80左右：
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Smith,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。2019年中国城镇居民平均家庭资产(资产)约为318万元。作者从四个方面对此进行了分析。其中北京居民约为893万元，居全国首位。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据Distribution of household assets of urban residents部分中的“10.5% families have three or more sets of housing. ”10.5%家庭拥有三套或三套以上住房。可知，超过两套及以上房产的家庭有10.5%。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Distribution of household assets of urban residents部分中的 “Top three regions with highest household assets in China in 2019 are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province. ”2019年中国家庭资产最高的前三个地区是北京、上海和江苏省。可知，2019年中国家庭资产最高的地区是北京。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据Household debt participation rate by householder's education level部分中的图表可知，家庭债务参与率最高的是有master's degree（博士学位）的人，可推知，B. Sun Yi, master's degree, 35 years old, working in a IT company可能家庭债务率最高。故选B。
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jeremy Locke为Jeanette MacDonald免费修理屋顶的经历。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay， Nova Scotia， had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home."Jeremy Locke在新斯科舍省格拉斯湾拥有一家屋顶和建筑公司，他一直想修复Jeanette MacDonald家的屋顶。可知，Jeremy Locke一直都很想修理Jeanette MacDonald家的屋顶，故选A。
5．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity."她礼貌地拒绝了Locke的帮助是因为他不想接受免费的帮助，故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke， the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help"因为这位固执的加拿大老人拒绝Locke的帮助，这个有同情心的建筑工人玩了一个善意的伎俩来让她接受帮助，意在表明Locke说了一个善意的谎言使得MacDonald改变了主意，故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community， I'd be more than happy to"如果没人出面帮这位女士修屋顶，Locke非常愿意帮忙修理，表明Locke乐于助人，很热心；以及第五段中的"As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke， the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help."可知为了让MacDonald接受帮助，Locke说了一个善意的谎言，意在表明Locke是一个很有决心的人，故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们是怎样学会飞行的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air. ”升力是使滑翔机保持在空中的力。可知，如果一个飞行器想要停留在空中，它需要足够的升力，故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“The forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust. ”飞机飞行所需要的向前运动叫做推力，可知，推力使飞行器在空中向前移动，故选C。
10．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“And with more lift, an airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry passengers or cargo. ”随着升力的增加，飞机可以承载更多的重量，所以有引擎的飞机可以承载乘客或货物。可知，一架飞机能够携带重物并且飞得很快，这主要是因为它的发动机，故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“People really have learned how to fly”人们真的学会了飞行，可知本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的，故选C。
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．A
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，当人们在回答问题前稍做停顿时，即使只有几秒钟，他们的回答也会被认为不如立即回答来得真诚和可信。犹豫的时间越长，回应就显得越不真诚。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Across all 14 experiments, participants consistently rated delayed responses as less sincere regardless of the question.”在所有的14个实验中，参与者一致认为不管问题是什么，延迟的回答都不够真诚。可知，答案的可靠性取决于响应时间。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"These results can be applied to a wide range of interactions, going from workplace chats to couples and friends arguing. Further, in job interviews and in court hear-ings and trials, people are often tasked with judgments of sincerity.”这些结果可以应用于广泛的互动，从工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之间的争吵。此外，在工作面试、法庭听证和审判中，人们经常被要求做出真诚的判断。可知，这些发现有广泛的含义。可推知，划线词connotations意为"含义"。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Nevertheless, on the whole， a fast response seems to be regarded as more sincere, while a response that is delayed for even a couple of seconds may be considered a slow lie.”然而，总的来说，一个快速的反应似乎被认为是更真诚的，而一个反应延迟甚至几秒钟可能被认为是一个缓慢的谎言。可知，这个研究的结果在我们生活中的影响是这是一种判断诚实与否的考验。故选A。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It would be unfair for the responder， such as a crime suspect， if the response delay was sorted by mistake into thought control or answer making up when it was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or thoughtful.”如果把反应延迟误归为思想控制或编造答案，而实际上是由于其他原因，如分心或考虑太多，这对应答者来说是不公平的，比如犯罪嫌疑人。可知，延迟的回答会导致错误的判断。故选C。
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．G；19．E；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些能让我们更好地记忆新知识的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“Form associations between new and remembered information. ”形成新信息和已经记住的信息之间的联系。可知，本段告诉我们如何形成新信息和已经记住的信息之间的联系；以及“Try coming up with a familiar picture, song, joke, or rhyme. ”试着想出一个熟悉的图片、歌曲、笑话或韵律。可知，为了建立联系，我们先要试着想出一个熟悉的图片、歌曲、笑话或韵律。 C．And you can associate them with the new material. “你可以把它们和新材料联系起来。”承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空后“It may be boring, but simply repeating new information over and over in different ways will help it stick in your brain better, especially if you space out the repetition over time.”这可能很无聊，但简单地用不同的方式一遍又一遍地重复新的信息将有助于它更好地留在你的大脑中，尤其是当你把重复的时间间隔开的时候。可知，本段介绍的记忆策略是一遍又一遍地重复新的信息。 D．Repeat new facts as soon as you come across them. “你一遇到新的事实就重复一遍。”能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们重复新知识有助于记忆。故选D。
18．根据空前“Teach someone else the information you’re trying to learn. Teaching others can help you remember and understand things better. ”把你想学的知识教给别人。教别人可以帮助你更好地记忆和理解事物。可知，本段告诉我们教别人可以帮助我们更好地记忆和理解事物。G.Alternately, ask your friends if they're willing to learn something new from you.“或者，问问你的朋友是否愿意从你那里学到新东西。”符合段落主旨，“问问你的朋友是否愿意从你那里学到新东西”是“教别人”的一种途径。故选G。
19．根据空前“Test yourself after learning something new. ”学习新东西后测试自己。可知，本段告诉我们要想更好的记忆新知识，要学会测试自己；以及空后“You have to actually practice finding the information from your memory in order to strengthen the connections within your brain.”你必须真实地练习从你的记忆中寻找的信息，以加强你大脑中的联系。可知，这里告诉我们测试自己的重要性。 E.Simply re-reading the same information isn't good enough. “仅仅重新阅读相同的信息是不够的。”与下文形成对比，仅仅重新阅读相同的信息是不够的，我们需要做的是真实地练习从记忆中寻找信息。故选E。
20．根据空前“Test yourself after learning something new. ”学习新东西后测试自己。可知，本段告诉我们要想更好的记忆新知识，要学会测试自己。 A．Be sure to immediately check your answers. “一定要立即核对你的答案。”承接上文，在进行自我测试之后，一定要立即核对你的答案。且能够引起下文“In this way, you can make sure you’ve got them right.”这样，你就可以确保你把它们弄对了。下文中“In this way”代指选项中的“immediately check your answers”，自我测试后立即核对答案，确保记忆的知识是正确的。故选A。
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．D；36．A；37．A；38．C；39．D；40．A
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和 Jimmy 叔叔在一个阳光明媚的日子里登山，但是在登山的途中，由于山不好爬，作者感觉到筋疲力尽，故半途而废。由此在下山的途中， Jimmy 叔叔和作者分享了自己的故事，告诉作者生命的意义就是在于投入全力去追逐自己的梦想。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：因为渴望户外的时光，我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A. Hesitant“犹豫的”；B. Unwilling“不情愿的”；C. Satisfied“感到满意的”；D. Eager“渴望的”。根据空后"to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy"可知阳光明媚的美好天气下，应该是户外游玩的好时候，作者渴望在这样好的日子里去户外，故选D。
22．句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A. worried“担忧的”； B. anxious “焦虑的”；C. exhausted“感到疲劳的”；D. scared“害怕的”。根据空后"and hot, I couldn't go any further"可知，作者最后是因为感到劳累与天气热而放弃这次爬山。故选C。
23．句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A. Consequently“因此”；B. However“然而”；C. Meanwhile“期间，同时”；D. Furthermore“而且”。根据上文，作者因为感到劳累与天气热走不动，后文则说下山返回了，为因果关系，故选A。
24．句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题 ，使我一时无言以对，他说："你的梦想是什么，小姐？"。A. caused “引起”；B. left“留下”；C. pushed“推”；D. brought“带来”。根据空后"me speechless for a second"可知，是叔叔的话作者无言以对。“leave sb. adj"，形容词speechless 作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选B。
25．句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A. career“事业”；B. story“故事”；C. idea“主意”；D. confusion“困惑”。根据下文叔叔上学时的经历，可知是他给作者讲的是他本人的故事，故选B。
26．句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A. behave“行为”；B. perform“表现”；C. respond“回应”；D. impress“印象”。根据空后"well at school when he was a student"可知，是指学生时期在校表现不好。故选B。
27．句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A. somebody“某人”；B. everybody“每人”；C. nobody“没有人”；D. anybody“任何人”。根据上文。叔叔在校表现不好，所以是没有人会认为他会成功。故选C。
28．句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. shortly“简短地”； B. directly“直接地”；C. clearly“清楚地”；D. rapidly“快速地”。根据空后"what his dream was to be a"可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的梦想是做一名商人。故选C。
29．句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. chef“厨师”；B. scholar“学者”；C. deliveryman“送货员”； D. businessman“商人”。根据下文"I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class"他卖各种东西可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。
30．句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A. gifted“有天赋的”；B. skilled“技术娴熟的”；C. diligent“勤劳的”；D. knowledgeable“有学识的”。根据上文"He didn't 6 well at school when he was a student. "可知，叔叔在学校表现不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选A。
31．句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。 A. make sure“确保”；B. check in“登记入住”；C. figure out“理解，弄明白”；D. count on“依赖”。根据空后"which one was most attractive to customers."可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。
32．句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A. whatever“无论什么”；B. however“不管怎样，无论如何”；C. wherever“无论哪里”；D. whichever“无论哪个”。引导让步状语从句，表示"无论多么困难"应用however。故选B。
33．句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. need“需要”；B. doubt“怀疑”；C. wonder“奇迹”；D. possibility“可能性”。there is no doubt that…固定句式，"毫无疑问……"。故选B。
34．句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. talent“天赋”；B. potential“潜能”； C. ambition“雄心壮志”；D. effort“付出，努力”。根据空后"to reach his or her goal"以及常识可知，指人要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选D。
35．句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. directed“被指导”；B. connected“被连接”；C. pulled“被拉”；D. involved“涉及”。根据空前"I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work"可知，要想成为尖子生，就要涉及到投入艰辛的工作。故选D。
36．句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. passion“激情，酷爱的事物”；B. ability“能力”；C. strength“优点”；D. demand“需求”。根据上文可知，追求自己的梦想，就该跟随自己内心的激情，做自己喜爱的事物，故选A。
37．句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？ A. lacking“缺乏”；B. sharing“分享”；C. desiring“渴望”；D. possessing“拥有”。根据上文作者登山半途要返回，可知，作者发现自己缺乏意志力，故选A。
38．句意：如果不经历攀登，我们怎能享受到顶峰上的风景？A. grasp“抓住”；B. approach“靠近”；C. experience“经历”；D. recognize“辨认”。根据上文"I climbed the mountain again all by myself."可知，只有经历攀爬之艰辛，才有机会领略到顶峰上的美景，故选C。
39．句意：最后，我到达了山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。A. shocked“震惊”；B. amused“娱乐”；C. honored“荣誉”；D. greeted“问候，迎接”。根据空前"I reached the top"以及空后"by the warm breeze and sunshine."可知，此处作者站在顶峰上，迎接作者的是顶峰的美景，greet符合语境。故选D。
40．句意：没有比这更令人愉快的了。A. pleasant“愉悦的”；B. unexpected“意料之外的”；C. relaxing“放松的”；D. challenging“挑战的”。结合通篇全文，作者最后登上了山顶，领略到顶峰上的美景，战胜自己，明白了叔叔的鼓励，为追求梦想，坚定了自己的意志力，所以此时的内心感觉是愉悦的。故选A。
【答案】41．worst；42．is considered；43．encouraging；44．a；45．popularity；46．with；47．dramatically；48．comes；49．to improve；50．which/that
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波哥大有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声，然而它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，冠词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：一方面，这个城市有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声。前面有范围，所以用形容词最高级作定语。故填 worst。
42．句意：然而，另一方面，它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。此处是谓语动词，描述现状，所以用一般现在时。consider和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数。故填 is considered。
43．句意：这个城市甚至有一项专门运动名为 Ciclovia，鼓励1500万人在每个周日早上在无车街道上骑行128公里。encourage和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填 encouraging。
44．句意：新城市交通联盟(New Urban Traffic Union)的当地自行车支持者卡洛斯帕尔多( Carlos Pardo)说："每个人都开始使用自行车，因为多亏了 Ciclovia，我们才有了这种自行车文化。"泛指一个，所以用不定冠词。故填a。
45．句意：自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
46．句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。 with the hope of固定短语，“抱着……的希望”。故填with。
47．句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。修饰动词，所以用副词。故填dramatically。
48．句意：接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词 the question，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 comes。
49．句意：当地政府需要改善自行车网络，确保它们即使在恶劣天气也能得到良好的维护。need to do sth.需要做某事。故填to improve。
50．考查定语从句。句意：此外，他们还可以实施一些鼓励骑车的简单政策，包括减税、降低医疗成本或向员工提供包括骑车者福利在内的补偿方案。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
51．【答案】①are→were
②only后面加上did
③valuable→value
④write→writing
⑤or→and
⑥when→that
⑦word→words
⑧a→the
⑨at→in
⑩them→it
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在童年的时候，父母让他去学书法，结果作者对这件事很反感，等到上了高中才意识到学习书法的重要性。
（1）句意：然而，事情与他们的期望完全相反。根据“In my childhood, my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy”可知，这里叙述的是童年的事情，应用一般过去时。故are改为were。
（2）句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌烦，而且怀疑它的价值。Not only…but also…Not only+句子，放在句首句子用部分倒装。这里句子的谓语动词是实意动词get，一般过去时的倒装在句子的主语之前加did，故only后面加上did.
（3）。句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌烦，而且怀疑它的价值。the后用名词，valuable“有价值的”，形容词；value名词，“价值”。故valuable改为value。
（4）句意：然而，当我进入高中，书法被证明是必不可少的并且有益的。write calligraphy是动词短语，不能作句子的主语，所以应该用动名词的形式。故write改为writing。
（5）句意：然而，当我进入高中，书法被证明是必不可少的并且有益的。both…and固定短语，“两者都”，故or改为and。
（6）句意：就在那时，我意识到掌握一项技能是多么重要。这里是强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分。这里强调的是at that time，所以用that，故when改为that.
（7）句意：我想对那些和我一样有困难的孩子们说几句话。a few后跟可数名词的复数形式。故word改为words.
（8）句意：我想对那些和我一样有困难的孩子们说几句话。same前常与定冠词the连用。故a改为the.
（9）句意：年轻时不要拒绝学习一项技能，因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有用。in the long run固定短语，“从长远来看”，故at改为in。
（10）句意：年轻时不要拒绝学习一项技能，因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有用。短语find it+形容词。这里用it代替是to learn a skill这件事。故them改为it。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，倒装，名词，非谓语动词，连词，强调句型，冠词，介词，代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】范文：
Dear Mr Smith,
More than thrilled, I'm writing to recommend myself for the exchange student program.
With a mild and outgoing personality, coupled with my independent character, I find myself confident to blend into any new and challenging environment, let alone an alien one. Besides, the sound academic performance in every subject, English in particular, allows me the competence to handle any task to be assigned in the project.
I have always longed for a chance to experience foreign cultures, hence feeling it a must to grasp this opportunity to present myself. And you may rest assured that I won't fail you.
Thanks for your time. Your favorable consideration will be highly appreciated.
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给英语老师 Mr.Smith 写信推荐自己 。写作背景： 你校正在选拔交换生去英国St.Mary School学习。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）推荐自己；2）自荐理由（性格、能力等方面）。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：More than thrilled, I'm writing to recommend myself for the exchange student program.运用了形容词作状语；Besides, the sound academic performance in every subject, English in particular, allows me the competence to handle any task to be assigned in the project.运用了不定式作宾补，不定式被动式作定语；I have always longed for a chance to experience foreign cultures, hence feeling it a must to grasp this opportunity to present myself. 运用了it作形式宾语；And you may rest assured that I won't fail you.运用了过去分词作状语，宾语从句。
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云南省水富市第一重点中学2021-2022学年高一上学期9月英语诊断卷（二）
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Urban household assets reach average of 3.18 million yuan in 2019
Editors note: Urban residents' average household assets（资产）were about 3.18 million yuan in China in 2019 and that of Beijing residents was about 8.93 million yuan, the highest in the country.
Distribution of household assets of urban residents
Urban residents' household assets are mainly physical assets with housing as the main part, accounting for about 80% of the total.
The housing ownership rate was 96%, 1.5 sets for each household on average.
58.4% families have one set of housing 31.0% families have two sets of housing
10.5% families have three or more sets of housing
Household average assets in eastern regions are higher than other parts of China, with the amount in Northeast China the lowest, accounting for about one third of East China.
Top three regions with highest household assets in China in 2019 are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province.
Middle-aged and young people and well-educated people are more likely to have debts
Average household debt: 512,000 yuan
Families with householders aged 65 or above are more likely to invest in financial products including wealth management, asset management and trust.
The average value was about 239,000 yuan, about 1.4 times the average.
Household debt participation rate by householder's education level
Household debt participation rate by age
About 73. 1% of those aged between 26 and 35 have household debt.
1．How many families have more than two sets of housing, according to the passage
A．58.4%. B．31.0%. C．10.5%. D．96%.
2．Which region has the highest household assets in China in 2019
A．Beijing. B．Shanghai.
C．Jiangsu. D．Northeast China.
3．Who does probably have the most household debt, according to the report
A．Li Hua, graduating from high school, 37 years old, working as a self-employed.
B．Sun Yi, master's degree, 35 years old, working in a IT company.
C．Zhang Yinyin, college degree, 18 years old, studying in a key university.
D．Chen Rui, Bachelor's degree, 69 years old, retired from the work.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。2019年中国城镇居民平均家庭资产(资产)约为318万元。作者从四个方面对此进行了分析。其中北京居民约为893万元，居全国首位。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据Distribution of household assets of urban residents部分中的“10.5% families have three or more sets of housing. ”10.5%家庭拥有三套或三套以上住房。可知，超过两套及以上房产的家庭有10.5%。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据Distribution of household assets of urban residents部分中的 “Top three regions with highest household assets in China in 2019 are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu province. ”2019年中国家庭资产最高的前三个地区是北京、上海和江苏省。可知，2019年中国家庭资产最高的地区是北京。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据Household debt participation rate by householder's education level部分中的图表可知，家庭债务参与率最高的是有master's degree（博士学位）的人，可推知，B. Sun Yi, master's degree, 35 years old, working in a IT company可能家庭债务率最高。故选B。
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Jeremy
Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia,
had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.
Whenever he drove past the woman's home, he assumed that the roof was under
repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of
repairmen—but as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any
signs of repair.
"
I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community,
I'd be more than happy to," Locke told CBC．
When
Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however,
she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity.
That being said, she had already applied for a government grant （补助金） to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke
once her grant application was approved.
Unfortunately,
MacDonald never received the approval.
As
the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused
to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played
an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald
to enter a raffle （抽奖活动）that his business was holding
for a free roof. After the grandmother — of — four accepted one of the raffle
tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner—because she was the only one
who had entered the raffle.
Thanks
to his sweet little plan, Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this
week, which is expected to cost his company about $9, 000.
MacDonald,
meanwhile, told CBC that she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to
Locke, saying that he is her "guardian angel".
"There's
nobody out there like him," she added.
4．What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald
A．Repair her roof. B．Find a repairman.
C．Run a charity. D．Raise money.
5．Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially
A．She didn't trust him. B．She had won a raffle.
C．She didn't like free help. D．She had got an official grant.
6．How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind
A．He persuaded her to give up her application.
B．He invited her to enter his business.
C．He gave her about $9, 000.
D．He told her a white lie.
7．Which of the following words best describe Locke
A．Stubborn and tricky. B．Wealthy and innocent.
C．Determined and warm-hearted. D．Different and ambitious.
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jeremy Locke为Jeanette MacDonald免费修理屋顶的经历。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay， Nova Scotia， had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home."Jeremy Locke在新斯科舍省格拉斯湾拥有一家屋顶和建筑公司，他一直想修复Jeanette MacDonald家的屋顶。可知，Jeremy Locke一直都很想修理Jeanette MacDonald家的屋顶，故选A。
5．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity."她礼貌地拒绝了Locke的帮助是因为他不想接受免费的帮助，故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke， the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help"因为这位固执的加拿大老人拒绝Locke的帮助，这个有同情心的建筑工人玩了一个善意的伎俩来让她接受帮助，意在表明Locke说了一个善意的谎言使得MacDonald改变了主意，故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community， I'd be more than happy to"如果没人出面帮这位女士修屋顶，Locke非常愿意帮忙修理，表明Locke乐于助人，很热心；以及第五段中的"As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke， the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help."可知为了让MacDonald接受帮助，Locke说了一个善意的谎言，意在表明Locke是一个很有决心的人，故选C。
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
People
made wings and strapped them to their arms. They flapped their arms but couldn't
fly. They built gliders(滑翔机), light
aircraft with wings. Some didn't work, but some did.
The
gliders that worked had special wings. These wings were arched on both the top
and the bottom. The air pulled the wings from above and pushed the wings from
below. When the wings went up, so did the glider! Arched wings help create a
force called lift. Lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air.
Most
gliders have long, thin wings. The wings create enough lift to carry the
aircraft and its passengers. Gliders usually ride currents of air the same way
a hawk soars(飞翔).
Gliders
are very light, and long wings and air currents can give them enough lift to
fly. But to carry more than just a passenger or two, an aircraft needs a lot
more lift. The question is: How do you create more lift
The
engine is the answer!
The
engine is a machine that changes energy into movement. The forward movement
that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust. More thrust makes an airplane
move forward faster. Moving faster creates more lift. And with more lift, an
airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry
passengers or cargo.
In
1903 the Wright brothers figured out how to get wings and an engine to work
together in order to give an airplane enough thrust to fly. They made the first
powered flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Since
then people have made airplanes that can fly faster than sound can travel. They
have made airplanes that can fly all the way around the world without stopping.
Today,
thousands of people travel in airplanes every day. People really have learned
how to fly!
8．If a flyer wants to stay in the air, it needs enough ________.
A．lift B．thrust C．wings D．engines
9．What made the flyers moving forward in the sky
A．The air. B．The lift. C．The thrust. D．The wind.
10．An airplane can carry heavy weight and fly very fast mostly because of ________.
A．the lift B．the thrust C．the sound D．the engine
11．The whole passage mainly tells us ________.
A．how gliders were built B．how important the engine was
C．how people learned to fly D．how the first airplane was made
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们是怎样学会飞行的。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air. ”升力是使滑翔机保持在空中的力。可知，如果一个飞行器想要停留在空中，它需要足够的升力，故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“The forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust. ”飞机飞行所需要的向前运动叫做推力，可知，推力使飞行器在空中向前移动，故选C。
10．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“And with more lift, an airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry passengers or cargo. ”随着升力的增加，飞机可以承载更多的重量，所以有引擎的飞机可以承载乘客或货物。可知，一架飞机能够携带重物并且飞得很快，这主要是因为它的发动机，故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“People really have learned how to fly”人们真的学会了飞行，可知本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的，故选C。
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When people pause
before replying to a question, even for just a few seconds, their an-swers are
supposed to be less sincere and believable than if they had replied
immediately. And the longer the hesitation lasts, the less sincere the response
appears.
Researchers
conducted a series of experiments involving more than 7, 500 individuals.
Participants either listened to an audio record, viewed a video or read an
account of a person responding to a simple question. In each case, the response
time varied from immediate to a 10-second delay. Participants then rated the
sincerity of the response on a sliding scale. Across all 14 experiments,
participants consistently rated delayed responses as less sincere re-gardless
of the question.
The
findings have wide connotations. Whenever people are interacting, they
are judging each other's sincerity. These results can be applied to a wide
range of interactions, going from workplace chats to couples and friends
arguing. Further, in job interviews and in court hear-ings and trials, people
are often tasked with judgments of sincerity. Here, too, response speed could
play a part. In general, whenever there is a response that requires an answer,
such as in a job interview, delayed responses can be thought as less sincere.
It
would be unfair for the responder, such as a crime suspect, if the response
delay was sorted by mistake into thought control or answer making up when it
was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or
thoughtful. The experiment also found that definitely instructing participants to
ignore delayed response reduced, but did not com-pletely remove, the effect of
delayed response on judgment of sincerity or guilt. Nevertheless, on the whole,
a fast response seems to be regarded as more sincere, while a response that is
delayed for even a couple of seconds may be considered a slow lie.
12．What does the reliability of answers lie on according to the study
A．The response time. B．The answer content.
C．The tone of speakers. D．The difficulty of questions.
13．What does the underlined word "connotations" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Choices. B．Responsibilities.
C．Meanings. D．Possibilities.
14．What effects does the study result have on our life
A．It is a test to judge honesty.
B．It can prevent a lot of crimes.
C．It improves skills in asking questions.
D．It promotes the harmony between people.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Delayed answers are lies.
B．It is unfair to require all to answer slowly.
C．Delayed answers can lead to misjudgment.
D．Delayed response should be ignored completely.
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．A
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，当人们在回答问题前稍做停顿时，即使只有几秒钟，他们的回答也会被认为不如立即回答来得真诚和可信。犹豫的时间越长，回应就显得越不真诚。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Across all 14 experiments, participants consistently rated delayed responses as less sincere regardless of the question.”在所有的14个实验中，参与者一致认为不管问题是什么，延迟的回答都不够真诚。可知，答案的可靠性取决于响应时间。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"These results can be applied to a wide range of interactions, going from workplace chats to couples and friends arguing. Further, in job interviews and in court hear-ings and trials, people are often tasked with judgments of sincerity.”这些结果可以应用于广泛的互动，从工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之间的争吵。此外，在工作面试、法庭听证和审判中，人们经常被要求做出真诚的判断。可知，这些发现有广泛的含义。可推知，划线词connotations意为"含义"。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Nevertheless, on the whole， a fast response seems to be regarded as more sincere, while a response that is delayed for even a couple of seconds may be considered a slow lie.”然而，总的来说，一个快速的反应似乎被认为是更真诚的，而一个反应延迟甚至几秒钟可能被认为是一个缓慢的谎言。可知，这个研究的结果在我们生活中的影响是这是一种判断诚实与否的考验。故选A。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It would be unfair for the responder， such as a crime suspect， if the response delay was sorted by mistake into thought control or answer making up when it was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or thoughtful.”如果把反应延迟误归为思想控制或编造答案，而实际上是由于其他原因，如分心或考虑太多，这对应答者来说是不公平的，比如犯罪嫌疑人。可知，延迟的回答会导致错误的判断。故选C。
（2021高一上·水富月考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Useful Memory Strategies
Form associations between new and remembered information. If you can link new ideas with previously established ones, then, you can increase the chance that new memories will be formed. Try coming up with a familiar picture, song, joke, or rhyme. 　16． 　． Form a picture in your mind that includes the new fact.
　17． 　 It may be boring, but simply repeating new information over and over in different ways will help it stick in your brain better, especially if you space out the repetition over time. For example, if you're trying to remember the definition of a new word, read it several times to yourself. Then speak the definition out loud a couple times, and try writing it down once or twice.
Teach someone else the information you're trying to learn. Teaching others can help you remember and understand things better. Find a classmate or co-worker who needs to learn the same information, form a study group, and take turns teaching each other different concepts. 　18． 　!
Test yourself after learning something new. 　19． 　 You have to actually practice finding the information from your memory in order to strengthen the connections within your brain. 　20． 　 In this way, you can make sure you've got them right. If you answer something wrong, you will be more likely to remember it incorrectly in the future as well, so instantly correct yourself and repeat the right answer a few more times.
A. Be sure to immediately check your answers.
B. Make sure that the basic information is right.
C. And you can associate them with the new material.
D. Repeat new facts as soon as you come across them.
E. Simply re-reading the same information isn't good enough.
F. Then keep trying effective methods and cooperation with others.
G. Alternately, ask your friends if they're willing to learn something new from you.
【答案】16．C；17．D；18．G；19．E；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些能让我们更好地记忆新知识的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“Form associations between new and remembered information. ”形成新信息和已经记住的信息之间的联系。可知，本段告诉我们如何形成新信息和已经记住的信息之间的联系；以及“Try coming up with a familiar picture, song, joke, or rhyme. ”试着想出一个熟悉的图片、歌曲、笑话或韵律。可知，为了建立联系，我们先要试着想出一个熟悉的图片、歌曲、笑话或韵律。 C．And you can associate them with the new material. “你可以把它们和新材料联系起来。”承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空后“It may be boring, but simply repeating new information over and over in different ways will help it stick in your brain better, especially if you space out the repetition over time.”这可能很无聊，但简单地用不同的方式一遍又一遍地重复新的信息将有助于它更好地留在你的大脑中，尤其是当你把重复的时间间隔开的时候。可知，本段介绍的记忆策略是一遍又一遍地重复新的信息。 D．Repeat new facts as soon as you come across them. “你一遇到新的事实就重复一遍。”能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们重复新知识有助于记忆。故选D。
18．根据空前“Teach someone else the information you’re trying to learn. Teaching others can help you remember and understand things better. ”把你想学的知识教给别人。教别人可以帮助你更好地记忆和理解事物。可知，本段告诉我们教别人可以帮助我们更好地记忆和理解事物。G.Alternately, ask your friends if they're willing to learn something new from you.“或者，问问你的朋友是否愿意从你那里学到新东西。”符合段落主旨，“问问你的朋友是否愿意从你那里学到新东西”是“教别人”的一种途径。故选G。
19．根据空前“Test yourself after learning something new. ”学习新东西后测试自己。可知，本段告诉我们要想更好的记忆新知识，要学会测试自己；以及空后“You have to actually practice finding the information from your memory in order to strengthen the connections within your brain.”你必须真实地练习从你的记忆中寻找的信息，以加强你大脑中的联系。可知，这里告诉我们测试自己的重要性。 E.Simply re-reading the same information isn't good enough. “仅仅重新阅读相同的信息是不够的。”与下文形成对比，仅仅重新阅读相同的信息是不够的，我们需要做的是真实地练习从记忆中寻找信息。故选E。
20．根据空前“Test yourself after learning something new. ”学习新东西后测试自己。可知，本段告诉我们要想更好的记忆新知识，要学会测试自己。 A．Be sure to immediately check your answers. “一定要立即核对你的答案。”承接上文，在进行自我测试之后，一定要立即核对你的答案。且能够引起下文“In this way, you can make sure you’ve got them right.”这样，你就可以确保你把它们弄对了。下文中“In this way”代指选项中的“immediately check your answers”，自我测试后立即核对答案，确保记忆的知识是正确的。故选A。
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it
were yesterday. It was a sunny day. 21． to
spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain
was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, 22． and hot, I couldn't go any further. 23． ,
we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy
asked me a question, which 24． me speechless for a second: "What's
your dream, young lady " "I have no idea," I answered after
thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his 25． .
He didn't 26． well at school when he was a student. Although 27． thought he could succeed, he knew 28． what his dream was — to be a 29． .
"I knew I wasn't 30． when it came to studying, so I tried to buy
snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class," he told me. After
he left school, he started selling different items to 31． which
one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his
pocket, but 32． difficult life was, he never gave up.
"There is no 33． that a person who puts in a great deal of 34． to reach his or her goal will have good luck
at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream," he said
gently.
That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed
tossing and turning, asking myself, "What's my motivation " I wanted
to be a top student, but the hard work 35． meant putting everything into following my
36． . If I find myself 37． willpower,
what should I do Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain
again all by myself. It made me think: If we don't 38． the
climb, how can we get to enjoy the scenery on the top of the mountain At last,
I reached the top and was 39． by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could
be more 40． than that.
21．A．Hesitant B．Unwilling C．Satisfied D．Eager
22．A．worried B．anxious C．exhausted D．scared
23．A．Consequently B．However C．Meanwhile D．Furthermore
24．A．caused B．left C．pushed D．brought
25．A．career B．story C．idea D．confusion
26．A．behave B．perform C．respond D．impress
27．A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody
28．A．shortly B．directly C．clearly D．rapidly
29．A．chef B．scholar C．deliveryman D．businessman
30．A．gifted B．skilled C．diligent D．knowledgeable
31．A．make sure B．check in C．figure out D．count on
32．A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whichever
33．A．need B．doubt C．wonder D．possibility
34．A．talent B．potential C．ambition D．effort
35．A．directed B．connected C．pulled D．involved
36．A．passion B．ability C．strength D．demand
37．A．lacking B．sharing C．desiring D．possessing
38．A．grasp B．approach C．experience D．recognize
39．A．shocked B．amused C．honored D．greeted
40．A．pleasant B．unexpected C．relaxing D．challenging
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．D；36．A；37．A；38．C；39．D；40．A
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和 Jimmy 叔叔在一个阳光明媚的日子里登山，但是在登山的途中，由于山不好爬，作者感觉到筋疲力尽，故半途而废。由此在下山的途中， Jimmy 叔叔和作者分享了自己的故事，告诉作者生命的意义就是在于投入全力去追逐自己的梦想。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：因为渴望户外的时光，我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A. Hesitant“犹豫的”；B. Unwilling“不情愿的”；C. Satisfied“感到满意的”；D. Eager“渴望的”。根据空后"to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy"可知阳光明媚的美好天气下，应该是户外游玩的好时候，作者渴望在这样好的日子里去户外，故选D。
22．句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A. worried“担忧的”； B. anxious “焦虑的”；C. exhausted“感到疲劳的”；D. scared“害怕的”。根据空后"and hot, I couldn't go any further"可知，作者最后是因为感到劳累与天气热而放弃这次爬山。故选C。
23．句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A. Consequently“因此”；B. However“然而”；C. Meanwhile“期间，同时”；D. Furthermore“而且”。根据上文，作者因为感到劳累与天气热走不动，后文则说下山返回了，为因果关系，故选A。
24．句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题 ，使我一时无言以对，他说："你的梦想是什么，小姐？"。A. caused “引起”；B. left“留下”；C. pushed“推”；D. brought“带来”。根据空后"me speechless for a second"可知，是叔叔的话作者无言以对。“leave sb. adj"，形容词speechless 作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选B。
25．句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A. career“事业”；B. story“故事”；C. idea“主意”；D. confusion“困惑”。根据下文叔叔上学时的经历，可知是他给作者讲的是他本人的故事，故选B。
26．句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A. behave“行为”；B. perform“表现”；C. respond“回应”；D. impress“印象”。根据空后"well at school when he was a student"可知，是指学生时期在校表现不好。故选B。
27．句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A. somebody“某人”；B. everybody“每人”；C. nobody“没有人”；D. anybody“任何人”。根据上文。叔叔在校表现不好，所以是没有人会认为他会成功。故选C。
28．句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. shortly“简短地”； B. directly“直接地”；C. clearly“清楚地”；D. rapidly“快速地”。根据空后"what his dream was to be a"可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的梦想是做一名商人。故选C。
29．句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. chef“厨师”；B. scholar“学者”；C. deliveryman“送货员”； D. businessman“商人”。根据下文"I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class"他卖各种东西可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。
30．句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A. gifted“有天赋的”；B. skilled“技术娴熟的”；C. diligent“勤劳的”；D. knowledgeable“有学识的”。根据上文"He didn't 6 well at school when he was a student. "可知，叔叔在学校表现不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选A。
31．句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。 A. make sure“确保”；B. check in“登记入住”；C. figure out“理解，弄明白”；D. count on“依赖”。根据空后"which one was most attractive to customers."可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。
32．句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A. whatever“无论什么”；B. however“不管怎样，无论如何”；C. wherever“无论哪里”；D. whichever“无论哪个”。引导让步状语从句，表示"无论多么困难"应用however。故选B。
33．句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. need“需要”；B. doubt“怀疑”；C. wonder“奇迹”；D. possibility“可能性”。there is no doubt that…固定句式，"毫无疑问……"。故选B。
34．句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. talent“天赋”；B. potential“潜能”； C. ambition“雄心壮志”；D. effort“付出，努力”。根据空后"to reach his or her goal"以及常识可知，指人要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选D。
35．句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. directed“被指导”；B. connected“被连接”；C. pulled“被拉”；D. involved“涉及”。根据空前"I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work"可知，要想成为尖子生，就要涉及到投入艰辛的工作。故选D。
36．句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. passion“激情，酷爱的事物”；B. ability“能力”；C. strength“优点”；D. demand“需求”。根据上文可知，追求自己的梦想，就该跟随自己内心的激情，做自己喜爱的事物，故选A。
37．句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？ A. lacking“缺乏”；B. sharing“分享”；C. desiring“渴望”；D. possessing“拥有”。根据上文作者登山半途要返回，可知，作者发现自己缺乏意志力，故选A。
38．句意：如果不经历攀登，我们怎能享受到顶峰上的风景？A. grasp“抓住”；B. approach“靠近”；C. experience“经历”；D. recognize“辨认”。根据上文"I climbed the mountain again all by myself."可知，只有经历攀爬之艰辛，才有机会领略到顶峰上的美景，故选C。
39．句意：最后，我到达了山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。A. shocked“震惊”；B. amused“娱乐”；C. honored“荣誉”；D. greeted“问候，迎接”。根据空前"I reached the top"以及空后"by the warm breeze and sunshine."可知，此处作者站在顶峰上，迎接作者的是顶峰的美景，greet符合语境。故选D。
40．句意：没有比这更令人愉快的了。A. pleasant“愉悦的”；B. unexpected“意料之外的”；C. relaxing“放松的”；D. challenging“挑战的”。结合通篇全文，作者最后登上了山顶，领略到顶峰上的美景，战胜自己，明白了叔叔的鼓励，为追求梦想，坚定了自己的意志力，所以此时的内心感觉是愉悦的。故选A。
（2021高一上·水富月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Moving around Bogota can be a bit of an extreme experience. On the one hand, this city has a bad reputation for having the world's 　41． 　 (bad) traffic. Yet, on the other, its cycling infrastructure- 　42． 　 (onsider) a model of sustainable urban traffic. This city even has a special movement called Ciclovia, 　43． 　 (encourage) l.5 million people to bike for 128 km on car-free streets each Sunday morning. Carlos Pardo, 　44． 　 local cycling supporter at the New Urban
Traffic Union says: "Everyone starts using a bicycle because we have this bike culture thanks to the Ciclovia. " Biking has regained 　45． 　 (popular) around the world as urban residents avoid using public transport ever since the outbreak of coronavirus. Now, many supporters are working with the local government 　46． 　 the hope of turning these pandemic response measures into lasting changes, which will 　47． 　 (dramatical) change the way people travel across cities.
Next 　48． 　 (come) the question of how government can keep citizens cycling to work once the coronavirus passes. Local authorities need 　49． 　 (improve) the bike networks, ensuring that they are well maintained even in poor weather. Plus, they can carry out simple policies 　50． 　 can encourage cycling, including cutting down tax, reducing healthcare costs or offering workers compensation packages that include benefits for bike riders.
【答案】41．worst；42．is considered；43．encouraging；44．a；45．popularity；46．with；47．dramatically；48．comes；49．to improve；50．which/that
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波哥大有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声，然而它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，冠词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：一方面，这个城市有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声。前面有范围，所以用形容词最高级作定语。故填 worst。
42．句意：然而，另一方面，它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。此处是谓语动词，描述现状，所以用一般现在时。consider和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数。故填 is considered。
43．句意：这个城市甚至有一项专门运动名为 Ciclovia，鼓励1500万人在每个周日早上在无车街道上骑行128公里。encourage和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填 encouraging。
44．句意：新城市交通联盟(New Urban Traffic Union)的当地自行车支持者卡洛斯帕尔多( Carlos Pardo)说："每个人都开始使用自行车，因为多亏了 Ciclovia，我们才有了这种自行车文化。"泛指一个，所以用不定冠词。故填a。
45．句意：自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
46．句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。 with the hope of固定短语，“抱着……的希望”。故填with。
47．句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。修饰动词，所以用副词。故填dramatically。
48．句意：接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词 the question，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 comes。
49．句意：当地政府需要改善自行车网络，确保它们即使在恶劣天气也能得到良好的维护。need to do sth.需要做某事。故填to improve。
50．考查定语从句。句意：此外，他们还可以实施一些鼓励骑车的简单政策，包括减税、降低医疗成本或向员工提供包括骑车者福利在内的补偿方案。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
三、写作（共两节，满分30分）
51．（2021高一上·水富月考）短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In my childhood, my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy. However, things are quite opposite to their expectations. Not only I get bored with hours of practice but also I doubted about the valuable of it. Nevertheless, when I entered high school, write calligraphy proved both essential or beneficial. It was at that time when I realized how important it is to master a certain skill.
Judging from my own experience, I want to say a few word to those children who have a same trouble as I did. Do not refuse to learn a skill when young, as at the long run you will find them helpful.
【答案】①are→were
②only后面加上did
③valuable→value
④write→writing
⑤or→and
⑥when→that
⑦word→words
⑧a→the
⑨at→in
⑩them→it
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在童年的时候，父母让他去学书法，结果作者对这件事很反感，等到上了高中才意识到学习书法的重要性。
（1）句意：然而，事情与他们的期望完全相反。根据“In my childhood, my parents sent me to learn Chinese calligraphy”可知，这里叙述的是童年的事情，应用一般过去时。故are改为were。
（2）句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌烦，而且怀疑它的价值。Not only…but also…Not only+句子，放在句首句子用部分倒装。这里句子的谓语动词是实意动词get，一般过去时的倒装在句子的主语之前加did，故only后面加上did.
（3）。句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌烦，而且怀疑它的价值。the后用名词，valuable“有价值的”，形容词；value名词，“价值”。故valuable改为value。
（4）句意：然而，当我进入高中，书法被证明是必不可少的并且有益的。write calligraphy是动词短语，不能作句子的主语，所以应该用动名词的形式。故write改为writing。
（5）句意：然而，当我进入高中，书法被证明是必不可少的并且有益的。both…and固定短语，“两者都”，故or改为and。
（6）句意：就在那时，我意识到掌握一项技能是多么重要。这里是强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分。这里强调的是at that time，所以用that，故when改为that.
（7）句意：我想对那些和我一样有困难的孩子们说几句话。a few后跟可数名词的复数形式。故word改为words.
（8）句意：我想对那些和我一样有困难的孩子们说几句话。same前常与定冠词the连用。故a改为the.
（9）句意：年轻时不要拒绝学习一项技能，因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有用。in the long run固定短语，“从长远来看”，故at改为in。
（10）句意：年轻时不要拒绝学习一项技能，因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有用。短语find it+形容词。这里用it代替是to learn a skill这件事。故them改为it。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及时态，倒装，名词，非谓语动词，连词，强调句型，冠词，介词，代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．（2021高一上·水富月考）书面表达
假定你是李华，你校正在选拔交换生去英国St. Mary School学习。请你给英语老师 Mr. Smith 写信推荐自己，要点如下：
1）推荐自己；
2）自荐理由（性格、能力等方面）。
关注：
1）写作回数应为80左右：
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr Smith,
Li Hua
【答案】范文：
Dear Mr Smith,
More than thrilled, I'm writing to recommend myself for the exchange student program.
With a mild and outgoing personality, coupled with my independent character, I find myself confident to blend into any new and challenging environment, let alone an alien one. Besides, the sound academic performance in every subject, English in particular, allows me the competence to handle any task to be assigned in the project.
I have always longed for a chance to experience foreign cultures, hence feeling it a must to grasp this opportunity to present myself. And you may rest assured that I won't fail you.
Thanks for your time. Your favorable consideration will be highly appreciated.
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给英语老师 Mr.Smith 写信推荐自己 。写作背景： 你校正在选拔交换生去英国St.Mary School学习。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）推荐自己；2）自荐理由（性格、能力等方面）。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：More than thrilled, I'm writing to recommend myself for the exchange student program.运用了形容词作状语；Besides, the sound academic performance in every subject, English in particular, allows me the competence to handle any task to be assigned in the project.运用了不定式作宾补，不定式被动式作定语；I have always longed for a chance to experience foreign cultures, hence feeling it a must to grasp this opportunity to present myself. 运用了it作形式宾语；And you may rest assured that I won't fail you.运用了过去分词作状语，宾语从句。
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