课件45张PPT。1． v．恢复，复苏→ n．复原；康复
2． v．开垦→ n．开垦
3． adj.盈利的→ n．利润，获利
4． n．拒绝，排斥→ v．排斥，排外
5． v．使开始→ adj.首先的，首要的Module 5 The First Americans Period Four Reading Practice 课件（外研版选修9）Ⅰ.单词识记 recover recovery cultivate cultivation profitable profit exclusion exclude initiate initiative 6． v．扩大→ n．扩大，扩张
7． adv.主要地→ adj.基本的；主要的；初级的
8． v．欣赏；感激→ n．欣赏；感激
9． v．延伸；拉长→ v．膨胀
10． adv.差不多；实际上→ n．美德expand expansion primarily primary appreciate appreciation stretch expand virtually virtue1．see the 出台，颁布
2． the most part大部分
3．take 开始从事
4．make 取得进步
5．be contrary 反对
6．sort 整理
7．until this 直到这个时期
8．seek 寻找；寻求
9．along 同……一起
10． time 及时；迟早Ⅱ.短语天地 light for up progress to out point for with in 1．Drawn by news of the California Gold Rush, they arrived in America looking to strike it rich with hopes of being able to send money back to their poor rural homes...
[信息提取] 句中“Drawn by news of the California Gold Rush”是过去分词短语作原因状语。
[例句仿写] 受到了他的鼓舞，我们更加努力工作。Ⅲ.句型搜索 Inspired by him, we worked even harder.2．It was a hard struggle, but the 1964 Immigration and Nationality Act removed the last barriers to Chinese immigration, initiating a new era in the history of America's melting pot.
[信息提取] initiating a new era in the history of America's melting pot为现在分词作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时相当于that引导的结果状语从句或并列句，通常放在句后，用逗号隔开。
[例句仿写] 史密斯先生去世了，留下了妻子和两个年幼的孩子。Mr Smith died, leaving his wife and two little children.3．During the 1960s, Chinese Americans were able to make progress and enter professional areas such as medicine, corporations, and politics.
[信息提取] was/were able to往往暗含能够且成功地做了某事
[例句仿写] 大火迅速蔓延了整个宾馆，但所有人都成功逃了出去。The fire spread the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to escape from it.阅读课文，根据课文内容判断正误。
1．In the middle of the 20th century, Chinese workers first went to the USA. ( )
2．Chinese immigrants wanted to strike it rich and sent their money back, but they wouldn't come back. ( )
3．Some immigrants started their own factories, profiting from the highly competitive atmosphere. ( )
4．Unfortunately, this wealth was never realised for most of the newcomers in this early stage of Chinese immigration.( )Ⅳ.预读理解 × × √ √ 5．In 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act which prevented Chinese without family already in the US from entering the country. ( )√ 1．immigrant n．(自国外移入的)移民；从其他地方移入的动物(植物)；adj.(从外国)移来的；移民的，侨民的
refugee immigrant难民
Canada has many immigrants from Europe.
加拿大有许多欧洲移民。
He admitted that he was an illegal immigrant.
他承认他是非法移民。emigrant adj.(移居国外)移居的；移民的，侨居的；移民，侨民；迁徙的动物；移植的植物
emigrants to Japan去日本的移民
He is a British emigrant to Australia.
他是个移居澳大利亚的英国人。
【翻译句子】
这儿有许多移民住在破败的房屋里。【归纳拓展】 Many immigrants here are living in bad housing. Primarily a teacher, she later became a writer.
她原先是教师，后来成了作家。
This building was primarily intended to be a dining hall.
这座建筑原来是打算用作餐厅的。
The purpose of the programme is primarily educational.
演出该节目的主要目的是为了进行教育。2．primarily adv.最初，首先；原来；主要地；根本上 primary adj.主要的；初期的；根本的；原有(始)的；主(首)要的，第一(位)的
a matter of primary importance头等重要的事情
primary education 初等教育，小学教育
primary consumer初级消费者；食草生物
I started primary school when I was 5 years old.
我五岁时开始读小学。
A primary cause of Tom's failure is his laziness.
懒惰是汤姆失败的主要原因之一。【归纳拓展】 The historian searched for primary sources of information about the past.历史学家寻找有关过去的原始资料来源。
【完成句子】
The disease is still (在初始阶段)．in its primary stage 3．pursue vi.追赶(＋after)；vt.追踪，追捕；跟随；追求；向……求爱；(疾病等)纠缠
He has set his heart on pursuing his studies abroad.
他下决心到国外求学。
The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.
警方正在追捕一名越狱的逃犯。
She pursued the goal of perfection in her art.
她的目标是追求艺术上的完美境界。
Illness pursued him till his death.
疾病一直纠缠着他，直到他去世。No matter what happens， (我不会停止追求我的梦想)．【完成句子】 I will not stop pursuing my dream Death awaits all men.人总有一死。
We got up early and found breakfast awaiting us.
我们早早起身，看见早餐已准备好等我们吃。
await, wait
二者都是动词，都有“期待，等候”之意，但用法有所不同，它们的区别如下：
(1)await是及物动词，后面直接接宾语；wait虽然也可用作及物动词，但在现代英语中，一般作不及物动词用，与for, to, till, until等词连用。4．await vt.等候；等待；期待 【易混辨析】 (2)await的宾语大都是抽象名词，如：decision, reply, arrival, announcement, return等；wait for的宾语一般是人或事物。
The judge awaits the coroner's inquest before giving a verdict.法官在作裁决前等待验尸官的调查。
I have been waiting for her for an hour at the bus stop.
我在公共车站等候她已经一个小时了。
(3)await之后接动名词(await doing)；wait之后接动词不定式[wait(for sb)to do]。
We shall await hearing further from them.
We wait for you to reply.我们等你答复。
(4)wait除作动词外，还可用作名词。
I had a long wait for the train.我等火车等了好久。
①I shall await (看足球赛的结果)．
②We shall wait (听进一步的消息)．seeing the results of the football match to hear further from them【完成句子】 Success is dependent on your efforts and ability.
成功与否得看你的努力和能力。
I'll never be dependent on anyone again.
我再也不依赖任何人了。
dependence n. 依靠，依赖；视……而定(＋on/upon)
put /place dependence upon信任，信赖
in dependence on依靠，依赖5．dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的 【归纳拓展】 We need to reduce our dependence on oil as a source of energy.在能源方面，我们需减少对石油的依赖。
He's not a man you can put much dependence on.
他不是值得你信赖的人。【辨析】 ①This newspaper is ， it always tells the truth.
②Success is on your hard work.
③John was of his parents when he was still a child.用dependent；independent和dependable填空 dependable dependent independent6．credit v. 归因于；把……归功于(credit A with B / credit B to A); 相信；信赖； 记在……的账上 n. 信任，信用； 荣誉； 信贷
He was credited with some achievement.
他被认为取得了一些成绩。
They credited the defeat to poor planning.
他们把失败归咎于计划不周。
The bank has credited ￡500 to his account.
银行把收到的500英镑记到他的账上。be a credit to 是……的光荣
have credit with 得到……的信任
lose credit with 失去……的信任
on credit 赊账；赊(购)
①把成就归功于党的领导。
the Party's leadership.
②留声机的发明应归功于爱迪生。
Edison his invention of the phonograph.【归纳拓展】 【完成句子】 Credit the success to is credited with7．ease v. 减轻，缓和；使安心 n. 舒适，安逸； 安心；容易；轻松
The aspirin eased his headache.
阿斯匹林减轻了他的头痛。
The relationship between these two countries has eased.
两国之间的关系有所缓和。
I eased her mind by telling her that the children were safe.
我告诉她孩子们平安无恙，让她安心。 to ease one's anxiety 减轻某人的焦虑
to ease one's mind使某人放心
to ease the burden 减轻负担
set sb's heart /mind at ease使安心；安慰某人
be ill at ease; feel ill at ease局促不安，心神不宁
I don't feel at ease in the strange place.
在这个陌生的地方，我觉得很不自在。
Their team won the game with ease.
他们队轻松地赢了那场比赛。
The retired couple lived a life of ease.
这对退休夫妇过着安逸的生活。【归纳拓展】 【翻译句子】 谈话消除了他的顾虑。Talking eased his anxiety. She's stretched out in the sun.她伸开四肢躺在太阳下。
He stretched two fingers to me.他向我伸出两个手指。
The tea plantations stretch far into the distance over the hills.山坡上的茶园一直延伸到很远的地方。
I got out of the bed and had a good stretch.
我起床后舒服地伸了个懒腰。
She worked for six hours at a stretch.
她连续工作了六个小时。8．stretch v. & n. 伸展，张开，拉长 stretch out 伸出， 伸长， 延伸
stretch a point破例让步， 作牵强……
at full stretch非常紧张(尽力……)
at a stretch 不停地， 连续地……
stretch oneself 伸懒腰
stretch oneself out(on) 伸直(或舒展)身子，(在……上)躺着
stretch your legs散散步【归纳拓展】 ①她午饭后出去散步了。
She went out to after lunch.
②辽阔的平原绵延数百英里。
The vast plains .【完成句子】 stretch her legs stretch for hundreds of milesfor the most part在极大程度上；就绝大部分而言，多半；通常
For the most part，he is friendly.他通常很友好。
Their remarks are for the most part correct.
他们的评论绝大部分是正确的。
do one's part尽职责，尽自己本分
for one's part至于某人，讲到某人，对某人来说
for the greater part大部分，大半；在很大程度上
for the most part在极大程度上；就绝大部分而言；多半
in bad (ill，evil) part心怀愤怒地；生气地；没有好感地
in good part欣然；不生气地；毫无恶感地【归纳拓展】 in part 部分地；有几成；在某种程度上；多少
in parts分开；分次；分册；处处，到处
in these parts在这一带，在这些地方
on one's part＝on the part of sb
(1)就某人方面；就……而言，代表……
(2)由……表现出来的；由……所作出的
He apologized on the part of his friend.
他替他的朋友道了歉。①大体说来，她是个品行端正的孩子。
②绝大部分的家长关心孩子。【翻译句子】 She is for the most part a well-behaved child. Parents for the most part are concerned for their children.Drawn by news of the California Gold Rush, they arrived in America looking to strike it rich with hopes of being able to send money back to their poor rural homes...被加利福尼亚“淘金热”的消息所吸引，他们到达了美国后，带着能够把钱寄回贫穷的山村老家的希望，……
句中“Drawn by news of the California Gold Rush”是过去分词短语作原因状语。
Greatly inspired by the teacher's words, I have made up my mind to work at English even harder。
在老师的鼓励下，我决心更加努力地学习英语。Greatly moved by the film, they all cried.
他们看了那部电影深受感动，都哭了。
Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.身边围着一群年轻人，老人感到很高兴。
过去分词作状语时的功能及位置：
(1)过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.
尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。
(2)过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
Given more time, he can do it better.
如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。与状语从句的转换：
(1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.＝When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
(2)作条件状语，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。
United we will stand; divided we will fall.＝If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we will fall.
团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。(3)作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。
Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.
由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。
(4)作让步状语，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。
Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.＝Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。(5)作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.＝He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
(6)作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。
Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.＝Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter.
吴大娘走进来，(她)后面跟着她的女儿。More highways have been built in China， it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2011·陕西)
A．making B．made
C．to make D．having made
答案 A [句意：中国又建了很多公路，这使得人们出行变得更加容易了。本题考查非谓语动词。空格处非谓语动词逻辑上的主语是逗号前面的内容，和非谓语动词之间是主动关系，可排除B项；【高考在线】 C项为动词不定式，通常表示目的，表出乎意料的结果时前面通常加only或never，所以排除C项；make表达的动作并非发生在谓语动词动作之前，不用完成形式，故排除D，选A，making it much easier for people to travel...＝which makes it much easier for people to travel...]为了增强学生的身体素质，你所在的学校组织长跑活动，要求所有学生每天至少慢跑2 000米，请你结合下面的要点，以“I Love Jogging”为题写一篇文章，介绍你参与这项活动的感受。
要点：
1．最初感觉疲惫，有抵触情绪；
2．渐渐开始喜欢跑步；
3．不再像以前一样经常生病；
4．每天精力充沛，心情愉快。提纲作文【写作任务】 提纲作文要求考生根据给出的提示性文字，首先确定文章的中心思想，然后紧紧围绕中心思想展开论述，表达主旨。它的特点是提纲既体现了文章的层次，又规定了各段大体的内容，为考生提供了一条写作思路。考生稍加思索、计划、整理即可成文。另外，它的限定性较大。考生如果不理解提纲所提示的内容，就会感到难以下笔。因此考生要掌握提纲作文的以下写作技巧：【写作分析】 1．认真审题和分析所给出的提纲，认清题目和提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的主题、大致内容以及文体。
2．每一个要点可以作为文章的一个段落层次。段落的展开应围绕提纲的中心和内容，不能偏离，也不能任意增减。
3．提纲只是对文章的提示和概括，不是主题句。考生需要根据提纲的性质，写出完整的、体现提纲主旨的句子，使之成为主题句，然后围绕主题句进行扩展。
4．收集材料支持主题句。材料可以是例证、亲身经历、名人名言、谚语警句等。应当注意的是，所选材料要与文章的主题相符，即要“扣题”，同时要具有典型性，能充分说明问题。在有多个例证的段落中，还要注意各个例证之间的连贯性。I Love Jogging
In order to improve the physical quality of the students, our school demanded that all the students should jog at least 2,000 meters every day.For a weak girl like me, 2,000 meters was such a long distance that I felt very tired after jogging every day.As a result, I was very annoyed at the activity at first.It was not until two weeks later that I began to be used to jogging every day. To my surprise, I found that I was full of energy and felt happy every day.And now I am no longer the girl who used to be ill now and then.Keeping on jogging every day makes me healthier and stronger.Now I would like to say I love jogging.【范文欣赏】 本篇习作层次感较强，先叙事后表述感受。要点齐全，详略得当，叙事简练，不拖泥带水，抒发感受时感情真挚，是一篇不可多得的优秀习作。习作中有几处点睛之笔，值得大家学习和模仿。如For a weak girl like me, 2,000 meters was such a long distance that I felt very tired after jogging every day.采用了such...that结构，恰当地表述出了作者的感受。 习作中成功地运用了强调句式It was not until two weeks later that I began to be used to jogging every day. 此外，习作句子间的衔接和过渡做的也非常好，作者合理地运用了in order to，as a result，to my surprise等短语，使整篇文章读起来流畅自然。【名师点津】 课件45张PPT。Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico，U.S.A.，is in the central part of the state, on the Santa Fe River, which flows into the Rio Grande 35 kilometers west of the city.More than two thousand meters above sea level, it lies in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains with the Ortiz Mountains to the southeast.Santa Fe was founded in 1609 by the Spanish(西班牙人)．In 1680，the Indians seized the place but only held it for twelve years before the Spanish retook it.The city remained under Spanish rule until Mexico won its independence(独立)in 1821.From then on，it was a Mexican city until 1846 when it was taken over by American troops.With a population of 48,953，Santa Fe is now the second largest city in the state.Because of its sunny weather, rich history and surrounding mountains, it is a good place for holiday makers.Besides hunting and skating in the mountains people enjoy shopping in the Indian and Spanish shops, which brings a large income to the city every year.In summer，there is an international opera(歌剧)season when operas are shown in a partly-roofed, open-air theatre daily for people from all over the world.Read the passage and choose the best answer.
1．At present Santa Fe belongs to .
A．India B．Mexico
C．Spain(西班牙) D．the United States
2．Santa Fe was under the rule of the Mexicans in .
A．1675 B．1695
C．1816 D．1833
3．The people who held Santa Fe for the longest period in history were the .
A．Spanish B．Indians
C．Mexicans D．AmericansD D A 1． v．兴旺，发达→ adj.繁荣的；成功的→ n．兴旺，繁荣
2． v．愤恨，感到气愤→ adj.感到气愤的；憎恨的→ adv.气愤地
3． adj.怀敌意的，不友善的→ n．敌意，对抗Module 5 The First Americans Period One Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary(1) 课件（外研版选修9）Ⅰ.单词识记 prosper prosperous prosperity resent resentful resentfully hostile hostility 4． adj.野蛮的，凶残的，残忍的→ n．残酷的人；暴君→ v．使变残忍
5． n．合作，协作→ v．合作，协
作→ adj.合作的，协作的
6． n．饥饿，饿死→ v．(使)挨饿，饿死
7． n．入侵者→ v．入侵，侵占
8． adj.无畏的，不怕的→ adj.担心的；可怕
的→ n．害怕，惧怕
9． n．家畜，牲畜
10． n．居留地→ v．保留，储备；预订，预约brutal brute brutalize collaboration collaborate collaborative starvation starve invader invade fearless fearful fear livestock reservation reserve 1．set on踏上(某地)；进入
2．lead 引发(某事物)；导致
3． to say不用说，当然
4．make (with sb)和解
5． turn结果；后来；转而；反过来
6． the way顺便说一下
7． force用武力
8．on the other 另一方面
9．die 死于
10． a treaty签协约Ⅱ.短语天地 foot to needless peace in by by hand of/from make 1．Needless to say, the Native Americans resented this, which led to their hostile and brutal treatment by the Spanish.
[信息提取] needless to say插入语，本身不作语法成分。插入语属于评注性状语，也叫观念附加语，它不是修饰谓语动词，而是对整个句子进行说明和解释。
[例句仿写] 不用说，歌手应有悦耳的声音。Ⅲ.句型搜索 Needless to say, a singer should have a pleasing voice. 2．Only in 1868，after four terrible years, were they allowed to return to their land.
[信息提取] only引导的状语成分放在句首时，主句用倒装结构。
[例句仿写] 仅仅那时我才意识到我错了。Only then did I realise I was wrong. 3．The government insisted on moving them from their land.
[信息提取] insist on doing sth意为“坚持做某事”。
[例句仿写] 我们坚持要他来参加聚会。We insisted on his coming to the party.阅读课文，根据课文内容判断正误。
1．The Native Americans received very brutal treatment from the Europeans. ( )
2．After losing the battle, the tribes were forced to retreat and move to the west. ( )
3．Christopher Columbus was the first person to set foot on the North American continent. ( )
4．The Apaches only engaged in battle with the white settlers. ( )
5．Today there are about two million Native Americans，and all of them live on reservations. ( )Ⅳ.预读理解 √ √ × × × China is prospering with each passing day.
中国正在蒸蒸日上。
The country is prospering under a strong government.
在一个强而有力的政府的领导下，这个国家正逐渐繁荣起来。
Whatever prospers my business is welcome.
凡使我生意兴隆者皆竭诚欢迎。1．prosper vi.繁荣，昌盛；成功；vt.使繁荣，使昌盛
prosperous adj.繁荣的，兴隆的，昌盛的；成功的；顺利的
prosperous leaves茂盛的树叶
a prosperous business 兴旺的事业
a prosperous city一个繁荣的都市
【完成句子】
With her excellent management，
(公司开始兴旺起来)．【归纳拓展】 the company began to prosper We will arrange for the removal of this rubbish as soon as possible.我们将尽快安排人把这堆垃圾运走。
The removal men have been in and out all day.
搬运工一整天都在进进出出。
【归纳拓展】
emove v．移开，拿开；摘下(帽子)，脱掉(衣服)；除去，消除；把……免除/开除
Don't remove this notice.不要取下这个布告。
These reforms will not remove poverty and injustice.
这些改革消除不了贫穷和不公正。2．removal n．移动，搬迁；除掉 【翻译句子】 参考书不允许带出图书馆。 Reference books may not be removed from the library.3．convert v．(使)转变，转换，转化；可转变为；可变换成；(使)改变(宗教或信仰)；兑换
The solar cell can convert the energy of sunlight into electric energy.太阳能电池能把阳光的能量转化为电能。
Coal can be converted to gas.煤可以转化成煤气。
My mother has converted to Catholicism.
我母亲已转而信仰天主教。
At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds?
美元以什么汇率兑换成英镑？convert sth from sth(into/to sth)改变(某事物)的形式或用途
convert into/to sth 可转变为，可变换成
convert sb from sth to sth使人改变信仰
【翻译句子】
我想把一些港元兑换成美元。【归纳拓展】 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. put up a strong resistance进行顽强抵抗
resistance to change对变革的抵制
I catch colds frequently because my resistance is low.
我经常得感冒，因为我抵抗力差。
There has been a lot of resistance to this new law.
反对这项新法律的人很多。
We anticipate that we will meet a certain amount of resistance to our plan.我们预料我们的计划会遭到一些人的反对。4．resistance n．反对；抵制，抵抗，反抗；抵抗力；阻力 resist vi.抵抗，反抗，抗拒 vt.抵抗，抗阻；耐得住；阻挡，抵制，抗拒，违背；(常用于否定句)忍住
resist doing忍住
resist temptation 不受引诱
resist heat耐热
The nation was unable to resist the invasion.
该国无力抵抗侵略。
If the enemy continue to resist, wipe them out.
如果敌人继续抵抗，就把他们消灭掉。
I was unable to resist laughing.我忍不住笑了。【归纳拓展】 【翻译句子】 他们对警察的一切抵抗归于无效。All their resistance to the police was in vain. Large numbers of people had to struggle on the verge of starvation.那时许多人不得不挣扎在饥饿的边缘。
【归纳拓展】
starve vi.挨饿， 受饿； 极度匮乏 ; vt.使挨饿， 使饿死
starved adj.饥饿的 ; 动词starve的过去式和过去分词
starve for 渴望，盼望
starve into 以饥饿迫使5．starvation n. 饿死， 饥饿 ①老妇人被活活饿死。
The old woman .
②实际上我们在饥饿的边缘上挣扎。
We lived just .
③那些男孩子们渴望下课。
The boys the lesson to end.【完成句子】 died of starvation on the borders of actual starvation were starving for 6．mount骑上(马、自行车等)；使骑上(常与on连用)；增长(＋up)
The soldiers stood beside their horses, waiting for the order to mount.士兵们站在马的旁边，等待上马的命令。
He mounted his bicycle and rode away.
他骑上自行车走了。
His debts continued to mount up.他的债务在不断增长。
【完成句子】
你停车时，小心不要停到人行道上。
Be careful not to when you're parking the car.mount the pavement I'd like to make a reservation.我想订票。
They accepted the plan without reservation.
他们无保留地接受了该项计划。
make (或procure) a reservation预订，保留(房间、座位等)；(在契约等方面)附保留条件
mental reservation (宣誓或讲话时)有所保留7．reservation n. 预约，预订；保留 【归纳拓展】 off the reservation在(印第安人)居留地以外；不符合常规
on the reservation在(印第安人)居留地之内；符合常规
without reservation(s) 无保留地；无条件地；坦率地，直言不讳地
with reservation(s) 有保留地；有条件地①His family are living an Indian reservation.
② reservation，I will recommend this film.
③I accepted reservation what he had said as true.用适当的介词填空 in With without Nell Armstrong was the first man to set foot on the moon.尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人。
set off (＋for＋目的地)出发，动身(去某地)
set out(＋for＋目的地)出发，动身(去某地)，相当于set off (for＋目的地)。
set out (＋to do sth)开始，着手(做某事)
set about doing sth 着手(做某事)，其意义与set out to do sth相同。1．set foot in/on踏上(某地)；进入 【归纳拓展】 set up建立，创立
set down 写下，记下，放下
set sb doing sth使某人处于某种动的状态
set sb to do sth使某人开始工作
Tom and his father set off for America yesterday, and arrived there this morning.汤姆和他的爸爸昨天动身去美国，并于今天上午到达那里。
The Chinese team held a meeting for a whole day before setting out for Barcelona for the Olympic Games.
中国队在去巴塞罗那参加奥运会之前开了一整天的会。
The moment I got home, I set out to do my homework.
我一到家，就开始做家庭作业。
That evening，he set about writing a report on pollution.
那天晚上，他着手写一篇关于污染的报告。
What he said set us thinking.他说的话使我们陷入沉思。
【翻译句子】
他这是第一次步入商界。It is the first time for him to set foot in the business world.These passages lead to the rooms inside.
这些走廊通向里面的房间。
What led you to this conclusion?
是什么使你得出这个结论的？
This is an investment that will lead to the creation of hundreds of new jobs.
这是一项能够创造数百个新岗位的投资。
What led you to think that? 什么导致你那样想？2．lead to往；引向；导致，造成，引起 lead to/cause
(1)两者均有“导致”的意思，但cause常指导致不好的结果；另外，两者结构不同。
(2) lead to后接名词、动名词作宾语；cause sb to do sth；cause sb sth.
用lead to和cause的适当形式填空
①His carelessness a bad accident.
②His working hard passing the exam.【提醒】 caused led to 3．make peace (with sb ) 与……言归于好；与……讲和；休战；和解；言归于好
She was trying to make peace with her next-door neighbors.她试图与隔壁邻居讲和。
David was trying to make peace with his boss.
大卫正力图与他的老板解决纷争。
【归纳拓展】
in peace 和平地；安静，宁静；安祥地
peace of mind 内心的宁静；心如止水
at peace 处于和平状态 live in peace 和平相处
keep the peace vi. 不扰乱治安；阻止别人扰乱治安；守法
make peace 讲和，调解
peace and quiet 安静；宁静
peace treaty 和平条约
①我要是你的话，就会和他们和解了。
I should them if I were you.
②约翰想和妻子言归于好以保住婚姻。
John wanted to his wife to save their marriage.make peace with make peace with 【完成句子】 She asked the same question of everyone in turn.
她依次向每一个人问同样的问题。
The girls called out their names in turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
The students clean the classroom every day in turn.
学生们每天轮流打扫教室。4．in turn反过来 ；依次，挨个 ；交替地，轮流地 by turns 轮流，交替
turn off 关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向
turn into 变成；进入
turn on 打开，发动
turn out 生产；结果是
turn over 移交给；翻阅；把……翻过来；发动；反复考虑
turn in 交上；归还；拐入；告发；[口]上床睡觉
turn back 往回走；阻挡；翻回到
turn up 出现；发生；开大；发现；卷起；使仰卧
turn down 拒绝；向下转折【归纳拓展】 ①He turned the light when he left.
②The doctor turned the patient and looked at his back.
③We turned at the entrance.
④Why did he turn the invitation?
⑤Many distinguished guests turned at the meeting yesterday.用上面所学短语的介词填空 off over in down up 1．Needless to say, the Native Americans resented this, which led to their hostile and brutal treatment by the Spanish.不用说，美洲当地人对此非常反感，这招致了西班牙人充满敌意和残酷的对待。
needless to say插入语，本身不作语法成分。插入语属于评注性状语，也叫观念附加语，它不是修饰谓语动词，而是对整个句子进行说明和解释，表明说话人的看法和态度。评注性状语不与它所评注的句子在结构上紧密结合，通常位于句首(间或位于句中或句尾)，常用逗号与句子隔开。评注性状语一般有下列几种形式：(1)副词：personally, honestly, frankly, obviously, clearly, briefly ，luckily, fortunately, naturally, actually等。
Honestly, I think you are mistaken.
说实话，我觉得你误会了。
Obviously, nobody expected us to be here today.
明显地没有人希望我们今天来。副词作评注性状语与作修饰性状语的区别。试比较下面两个句子：
I don't think he'll interview you personally.(修饰性状语)我认为他不会亲自来采访你。
Personally，I don't think he'll interview you.(评注性状语)就我个人来看，他不会来采访你。
(2)副词短语：happily for sb, generally speaking, what is worse, worse still, strangely enough, not surprisingly等。
Happily for him, his father's second wife was kind to him.使他幸福的是，他的继母对他很好。【提醒】 (3)v.-ing短语：...speaking, judging from等。注意这种v.-ing结构与后面句子的主语没有逻辑上的关系，因此不必变成过去分词短语。
Judging from his looks, he is a rich nobleman.
从外表上看，他是一个富有的贵族。
(4)不定式短语：to be honest, to make things worse, to tell the truth, to be sure, to speak frankly等。
To be sure, many people may disagree.
肯定会有许多人不同意。(5)介词短语：of course, from...point of view, in short, in brief, in a word, to one's surprise, as a matter of fact, in actual fact, between ourselves(you and me)等。
In a word, we must make careful preparations if we want to do our work well.
总之，如果我们想把工作做好，就要预先做好充分准备。
(6)形容词或形容词短语：curious, funny, more important, strange to say说也奇怪，needless to say不用说，most important of all最为重要的是等。Air as well as sunlight is, needless to say, indispensable to our daily life.
不用说，空气像阳光一样，对我们的日常生活不可缺少。
【完成句子】
①坦白说，那正是他所说的。
，that is what he said.
②令我们吃惊的是，他竟然通过了驾驶考试。
，he should have passed the driving test.To be honest To our surprise 2．Only in 1868，after four terrible years, were they allowed to return to their land.经过可怕的四年，到了1868年他们才被允许返回家园。
only引导的状语成分放在句首时，主句用倒装结构。
Only in this way，can you learn English well.
只有这样，你才能学好英语。
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.在被叫了三次之后，他才来开会。(1)如果only修饰的句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
只有在他病重时，他才待在床上。
(2)如果only修饰的是句子的其他成分，则无需倒装。
Only socialism can save China.
只有社会主义才能救中国。【提醒】 Only when a child grows up
(他才明白父母的意图)．【完成句子】 does he understand his parents' intentions课件41张PPT。1． v．介绍；使认识→ n．熟悉，了解，熟人
2． n．处死，处决→ v．处死；执行
3． n．贪婪→ adj.贪婪的
4． adj.历史的→ n．历史Module 5 The First Americans Period Three Reading and Vocabulary(2) & Cultural Corner课件（外研版选修9）Ⅰ.单词识记 acquaint acquaintance execution execute greed greedy historical history 5． n．记录→ n．录音机
6． v．破坏→ n．破坏，毁坏
7． n．官员→ n．军官
8． v．下毛毛雨；n.毛毛雨
9． n．庞大，巨大→ adj.庞大的；巨大的
10． n．呻吟 record recorder destroy destruction official officer drizzle enormity enormous groan 1．return 回归
2．be opposed 反对
3．due 由于
4．in view 签于；考虑到
5．make 弄明白，搞清楚
6．be acquainted 对……了解
7．be sent ...派去做……
8．approve 批准
9． to根据
10． his 80th birthday在他80岁的生日那天Ⅱ.短语天地 to to to of sure with as of according on 1．Zheng He may have been the first foreigner to visit the Americas, probably between 1421 and 1423.
[信息提取] may have done有可能，表示对过去发生的事情的推测，把握性不大。may与might常用来表推测，用于肯定句与否定句。
[例句仿写] 她也许错过公共汽车了。Ⅲ.句型搜索 She may have missed the bus.2．On the map was a note about a voyage from east to west round the Cape in 1420 and a picture of a Chinese junk.
[信息提取] 当地点状语位于句首时，句子要进行完全倒装。
[例句仿写] 桌子下面正躺着一只猫。Under the table was lying a cat.3．This is the conclusion of British writer Gavin Menzies, who is writing a book about the history of that time.
[信息提取] 本句由who引导非限制性定语从句，who在定语从句中作主语。
[例句仿写] 张先生昨天来看我，他是我父亲的一位老朋友。Mr Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father's.阅读课文，根据课文内容选择。
1．What can we know from the passage?
A．Someone used the Cape of Good Hope as a sea route as ea
rly as 1459.
B．There's no objection to Zheng He's voyage.
C．Chinese junks appeared as early as 1420.
D．All the proof of Zheng He's voyages was burned by Liu D
axia.Ⅳ.预读理解 2．What does the junk on the map imply?
A．Chinese junks were very famous.
B．The Chinese may have drawn the map.
C．Chinese junks were necessary in voyages.
D．Foreigners loved Chinese art.
3．According to the passage, Zheng He .
A．was an important official
B．was an enemy of Liu Daxia
C．once met Menzies
D．didn't arrive at the Americas4．Which of the following is NOT true according to Cultural Corner?
A．The writer could speak Cherokee language well.
B．During the Cherokees travelling the west, 22 of them died
of illness.
C．In the summer of 1838, many people died in the Indian co
untry.
D．According to the author, someone must answer for the cri
me.
答案 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B They drew different conclusions from the facts.
他们从这些事实中引出了不同的结论。
The conclusion of this agreement is in the interests of both sides.签订这份合同对双方都有好处。
The debate did not come to a conclusion until midnight.
辩论直到午夜才结束。1．conclusion n．终结，结局；结论；推断；决定 in conclusion 最后，总之
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论，告一段落
bring to a conclusion使结束；谈定(买卖等)
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
come to the conclusion that... 所得结论是……，断定……
conclude vt.断定，得出结论
We conclude that...我们断定……
conclude sth from...从……中得出……
These are the facts; what do you conclude from them?
这些都是事实，你能从中得出什么结论？【归纳拓展】 【翻译句子】 我得出的结论是他一直在撒谎。I came to/reached the conclusion that he'd been lying. The brave young man voyaged single-handed in his yacht for months.勇敢的年轻人独自乘游艇航行了数月。
The voyage from England to India used to take six months.过去从英国航行到印度需要6个月。2．voyage n. & v．航海；航行；旅行 【辨析】 ①The from America to France used to take two months.
②How did you enjoy your in Europe?
③I go to work by train, and the takes half an hour.
④He made a five-month of India and the Far East.用journey；voyage；trip；tour和travel填空 voyage Travels trip/journey tour 3．support vt.支撑；给某人以积极援助或支持；养(家)；维持(生活)
Is the bridge strong enough to support the heavy lorries?
这座桥有足够结实支撑得住货车吗？
It's difficult for him to support himself on such a small salary.靠这点薪水养活自己是不容易的。
His family supported him in his decision.
他的家人支持他的决定。in support of 支持，证明
come to one's support来支持某人
go to one's support去支持某人
support sb in sth 在某方面支持某人
He even made some experiments in support of his views.
他甚至做了一些实验支持他的观点。
We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.我们完全支持警察打击犯罪行为的工作。【归纳拓展】 ①我大学毕业后要自力更生。
②这张长椅承受不了4个人。【翻译句子】 I'll support myself after graduation from college. The bench won't support four people.4．acquaint vt.告知，通知；使熟悉，使了解，使通晓(with)；介绍
Let me acquaint you with the facts.让我把事实告诉你。
You must acquaint yourself with your new duties.
你必须熟悉你的新任务。
My mother acquainted her with my intention.
我母亲把我的意图告诉了她。
I am already acquainted with him.我已经和他熟悉。此词用于被动语态中，过去分词acquainted已经失去动作意义，相当于一个形容词。例如：“我是去年认识他的。”不能译作：I acquainted him last year.或I was acquainted with him last year.第一句是语态错误，第二句混淆了“状态”和“动作”，只能译成：I got (became) acquainted with him last year.或I made his acquaintance last year.【提醒】 be (get) acquainted with认识(某人)；熟悉(某事)
acquaint oneself with熟悉；通晓，摸清
acquaint sb with... 把……通知(告诉)某人
acquaint sb of...把……通知(告诉)某人
acquaintance n．熟悉；认识；熟人，相识；感性认识
a speaking acquaintance 泛泛之交
have a nodding acquaintance with sb与某人有点头之交
make sb's acquaintance 结识某人
make the acquaintance of sb结识某人
have no acquaintance with不熟悉，不了解【归纳拓展】 ①她在商界有不少熟人。
②我不熟悉这本书。【翻译句子】 She has many acquaintances in the business community.I have no acquaintance with this book.She tried to conceal what she had done to them.
她试图隐瞒对他们所做的事。
It is wrong for a man to conceal things from his wife.
一个男人对妻子隐瞒事情是不对的。
You should not conceal yourself from your teacher.
你不应该躲避你的老师。
He concealed himself behind the tree.
他藏在树后。
He couldn't conceal his envy of me/envy at my success.
他遮掩不住对我的忌妒(对我的成就的忌妒)。5．conceal vt.隐藏，隐瞒；遮住；对……保密 conceal sth from sb对(某人)隐瞒……
conceal oneself 潜伏，埋伏
conceal oneself from sb躲避某人
【翻译句子】
那个人对我隐瞒他的真实姓名。【归纳拓展】 The man concealed his real name from me. I approve of your decision.我赞成你的决定。
approve vt.批准；认可
approval n．赞成；同意；批准；认可
win/earn one's approval 得到某人的赞许
meet with one's approval得到某人的批准1．approve of赞成；批准 【归纳拓展】 ①By doing well at school he hoped to
(得到父母的赞许)．
②预算提案得到了参议院的批准。
The budget proposal the Senate's approval.【完成句子】 win his parents' approval met with He did the deed in view of a crowd of people.
他当着一群人的面干了这件事。
In view of this, we'll start earlier.
考虑到这点，我们将提早开始。
In view of recent development，we do not think this step advisable.
鉴于近来的事态发展，我们认为这一步骤是不可取的。 2．in view of 鉴于，由……看来，考虑到，由于 ① (鉴于这种天气)，we will cancel the outing.
②(为了省去麻烦)，He didn't go to the party
.【完成句子】 In view of the weatherwith a view to saving trouble1．Zheng He may have been the first foreigner to visit the Americas, probably between 1421 and 1423.郑和有可能是到过美洲的第一个外国人，时间约在1421至1423年间。
may have done有可能，表示对过去发生的事情的推测，把握性不大。may与might常用来表推测，用于肯定句与否定句。英语中，表示对过去某种情况进行推测或对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行推测，常用情态动词must，may，might，can，could，should，ought to，would等＋have＋过去分词表示。一般来说，说话人的语气或推测的把握程度不同，使用的情态动词也不同。分述如下：(1) must＋ have＋过去分词：表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行推测。只用于肯定的陈述句中(在否定句及疑问句中用can)，意思是“一定已经”。
If he had really been there, I must have seen him.
如果他当时确实在那里，我一定会看见他。
Her watch must have stopped.I will go and call her.
她的表准是停了。我去叫她。(2) may/might＋have＋过去分词：表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，即说话人认为过去某事发生的可能性或某状态存在的可能性一般。可用于肯定句(意思是“可能已经”)和否定句(意思是“可能没有”); might的语气没有may那么肯定。
She may have read the book.她可能已经看过这本书了。
He might not have got your letter.
他或许没有收到你的来信。(3)can/could＋ have ＋过去分词：表示对过去某种行为或存在的状态的怀疑或不肯定推测。can常用于否定句(意思是“不可能已经”)和疑问句；could除用于否定句及疑问句外，还可用于肯定句(意思是“那时可能；本来可以”)。
Don't worry—they could have just forgotten to phone.
别担心—他们很可能只是忘了打电话。
Where can he have gone？他可能去哪里了呢？(4)need＋have＋过去分词：该句式常用于否定句，表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情或过去做某事纯属多余，含有“根本不必；本来不必”之意，也可用于疑问句。
You needn't have told them that.
你没有必要告诉他们那个。
Need they have done it last week?
他们上周做这事有必要吗？(5)should/ought to＋have＋过去分词：肯定式表示“过去本应做某事(但没做)”；否定式表示“过去不该做某事(但做了)”。该句式含有不满或责备之意。
You're right.I should have thought of that.
你说得对。我应当想到那点。(但没想到)
She ought to have been more careful.她本该更小心些。(6)would＋have＋过去分词：表示过去本来要做某事去因某种原因未做，通常用来说明某种情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。
I would have written to you earlier but I have been ill.
我本来要早点给你写信，但我生病了。
If I had seen the advertisement I would have applied for the job.
要是我看见那个广告了，我就申请那份工作了。They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(2011·课标卷·全国Ⅰ，32)
A．will B．can
C．must D．should
答案 D [句意：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。本题考查情态动词的用法。can用在疑问句和否定句中，意为：可能；must have done表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为D项。]【高考在线】 2．On the map was a note about a voyage from east to west round the Cape in 1420 and a picture of a Chinese junk.
On either side of the street are rows of green trees.
街道两边绿树成行。
In front of the house stands a tall pine tree.
房子的前面有一棵高大的松树。这张地图 上还有1420年一次在好望角周围的从东到西的旅行的记载和 一张中国式帆船的图片。 本句是一个全部倒装句。当地点状语位于句首时，句子发生 全部倒装。 全部倒装的四种形式：
(1)表示方位的副词如：here, there, in, out, up, down, off, away等位于句首且句子的谓语是go, come, run等表示位置移动的不及物动词时，用完全倒装。
Away went the crowd one by one.
人们一个一个地离去了。
此类句子的主语是代词时不发生倒装。【归纳拓展】 (2)地点状语或时间副词位于句首，且动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等不及物动词时，用完全倒装，此时主语常为名词。
In this area lie many lakes.这个地区多湖泊。
(3)系表结构有时构成全部倒装，构成“表语＋连系动词＋主语”的结构
Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.他真幸运被一所名牌大学录取。
(4)表示“存在”的“There be结构”也属于全部倒装。
There are a lot of people in the meeting room.
会议室里有很多人。①城北有座庙。
North of the city .
②拐角处有个警察在走动。
Round the corner .【完成句子】 is/lies a temple walks a policeman 课件17张PPT。and
1．(用于连接单词或句子中并列的部分)和；又；与；而
Sue and I left early.我和苏很早就离开了。
Do it slowly and carefully.慢慢地，认真地做。
2．用于动词前代替to表目的
I'll come and see you soon.我很快就会来看你。
3．然后，接着
She came in and took her coat off.她进来后脱下了外衣。Module 5 The First Americans Period Two Language in Use 课件（外研版选修9）4．(引出说话或提问)那么，于是
—We talked for hours.我们谈了好几个小时。
—And what did you decide？那么你们作出了什么决定？
5．(连接相同的词表反复或连续)接连，又，愈来愈……
The pain is getting worse and worse.疼痛越来越厉害了。
He tried and tried but without success.
他反复尝试，但没有成功。
6．(连接两个句子，后者表结果)那么
Go straight and you'll see a high building on your left.
直走，你就会看见有一幢高楼在你左边。any
1．(与不可数名词或复数名词连用，用于否定句、疑问句以及if或whether之后)任何的，任一的
Are there any stamps in the drawer？抽屉里有邮票吗？
You can't go out without any shoes.
你不能不穿鞋就出门。
2．(与单数可数名词连用)任一
Take any book you like.喜欢哪本你就拿哪本。
3．代词(用于否定句、疑问句或if，whether之后)任何数量
Please tell me how many people are coming, if any.
请告诉我，如果有人要来的话，有多少。4．(代词)任一，任何一些
—Which colour do you want？你要哪种颜色？
—Any of them will do.随便哪种都行。
5．adv.(用于否定句、疑问句，加强形容词或副词的语气)一点也(不)，完全(不)，丝毫
He wasn't any good at French.他的法语糟透了。
I can't run any faster.我不能跑得更快了。can
1．表能力，意为“能够”。
He can swim three laps in the pool.他能在游泳池游三趟。
2．表许可( can＝ may，can't＝mustn't)
You can take the book if you like it.
如果你喜欢这本书，可以拿走。
3．表示推测，意为“可能”。指现在用“can＋原形”，指过去用“can＋ have done”。
He can not have done such a thing.他不可能做这种事。习惯用语：cannot but＋ do不得不
I cannot but admire his courage.我不得不佩服他的勇气。
cannot help＋ doing禁不住
I cannot help laughing.我禁不住大笑。come
1．来
Here comes the bus! (＝The bus is coming！)
公共汽车来了！
2．come ( to)抵达(某地)，来到
Your breakfast is coming soon.你的早餐很快就到。
3．come for/about/to do sth来拿，来取，来做
I've come for my book.＝I've come to get my book.
我来拿我的书。1．come about发生
Can you tell me how the accident came about?
你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？
2．come across (come over) 被理解；给人……印象；偶然遇见
She comes across well in interviews.
她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。
She came across some old photos in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。常用短语 3．come after (＝run after) 追赶
4．come along 进展；跟随；赶快
I'm glad you came along.
有你跟我一起来，我很高兴。
Your French has come along a lot recently.
你的法语最近进步很大。
5．come to恢复知觉
6．come around (round) to(短暂)访问
Do come around and see us some time.
务必抽空来看看我们。7．come from来自……(不用于进行时)
8．come back to sb恢复记忆，回想起
come back to sth回到……上来
It's all coming back to me now.
现在我全都回想起来了。
It's all comes back to a question of money.
一切又回到钱的问题上来了。
9．come on/upon偶然遇见
10．come out出现；盛开；出版；为人所知on
1．表时间(用于星期、日期或特定的早上、晚上、上午、下午等)。
on the evening of 11th在十一日的傍晚
I will show you the book on my return.
在我回来的时候，我会让你看那本书。
on this occasion在此场合
2．表示地方或位置，意为“在……上面”。
There is a map hanging on the wall.有一幅地图挂在墙上。
例外：in Europe/in the field在欧洲/在田野里3．表示在江、河、湖、海之滨。
London is on the Thames.伦敦位于泰晤士河畔。
4．表示“关于、论及”，等同于about，concerning。
He has written a lot of books on the history of China.
他写了很多有关中国历史的书。
5．表示“为……的一分子”，相当于as a member of。
Who is on the committee? 谁在此委员会中？
6．表示“支撑，依靠，以……为生”，可换用upon。
That depends on circumstances.那要视情形而定。
depend on/count on/rely on/rest on依靠7．在……状态或情况中
on fire/on show/on leave在着火/在上演/在休假when
1．adv.(疑问句中)什么时候
When did you last see him? 你最后一次见他是什么时候？
2．(作关系副词时，用于所表达的时间之后)在那时
Sunday is the only day when I can relax.
星期日是我唯一可以休息的日子。
3．pron.何时
Until when can you stay？你可以待到什么时候？4．adv.当时
The last time I went to Scotland was in May, when the weather was beautiful.
上次我去苏格兰是在五月份，当时天气很好。
5．conj.当……时
I loved history when I was at school.
当我在学校读书时，我喜欢历史。
6．conj.就在……时候
I was about to go when the phone rang.
我正要走，就在这个时候电话响了。7．conj.虽然，然而
She claimed to be 18，when I know she's only 16.
虽然她声称有18岁，但我知道她只有16岁。
