2023年中考英语被动语态的复习及练习（含答案）

中考被动语态的复习及练习
语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子中主语与谓语的关系，
语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态：句子的主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态：表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，常用介词by所构成的短语来说明动作的执行者。
被动语态的构成
被动语态的基本构成形式：主语+助动词be+过去分词
被动语态的时态
被动语态的时态动过助动词be的变化来体现。这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。现以make为例，将被动语态用时态表示如下：
一般现在时：am/is/are +made
现在进行时：am/is/are +being +made
现在完成时：have/has +been + made
一般过去时：was/ were +made
过去进行时：was/were +being +made
过去完成时：had been made
过去将来时：would be made
一般将来时：will be made
各种时态的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态，如
Our unit is learned each week. 每个星期学一单元。
The lights are usually turned on at 6:30. 通常六点半开灯。
You are invited to give us a talk in English. 邀请您给我们做一个英语讲座。
I am given a lot of work to do. 他们给了我大量的工作。
一般过去时的被动语态，如
Our house was built in 1979. 我们家的房子建于1979年。
The book was written by Dickens. 这本书是狄更斯写的。
Were these computers made in the US 这些计算机是美国制造的吗？
Was it used for keeping warm 它被用来取暖吗？
一般将来时的被动语态
This question will be answered by our headmaster . 这个问题将由我们的校长来回答。
This matter will be looked into in the future.这件事会被查明的
过去将来时的被动语态，如
I knew the room would be cleaned .我知道房间将要被打扫。
He said the bridge would be built the next year. 他说那座桥第二年建。
现在进行时的被动语态，如
Your bicycle is being repaired now. 你的自行车正在被修理。
The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 孩子们现在正由他的姑母看着。
The question is being discussed at the meeting.这个问题正在会上讨论，
过去进行时的被动语态，如
The man was being questioned by the police. 这个人正在被警察盘问。
He was being looked after by his sister.他正由他姐姐照顾着。
现在完成时的被动语态，如
My car has been repaired . 我的汽车已经修好了。
She has not been told about it yet. 还没告诉他这件事
过去完成时的被动语态，如
I heard she had been sent to hospital. 我听说他已经被送进医院。
I could not go to the party because I had not been invited. 我不能去参加晚会因为我没有被邀请。
带情态动词的被动语态
基本构成形式：情态动词+be+过去分词
This must be done as soon as possible. 这件事必须尽快做。
An art school may be opened next year. 明年可能开办一所艺术学校。
This should be kept as a secret .这事应当保密。
You might be asked to speak at the meeting. 可能会请你在会上发言。
有些动词短语的被动语态
有些动词短语，如“动词+介词”、”动词+副词“、”动词+名词+介词“，起作用相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。在被动语态结构中，借此或副词不可丢掉，且其位置不变。
The TV set has just been turned off. 电视机刚刚关上。
This problem has been carefully thought over.这个问题已经仔细考虑过了。
A man who is much talked about is always attractive. 这个被人讨论多的人通常是和有吸引力的人。
含有两个宾语的被动语态
在通常情况下，把间接宾语变为主语，而把直接宾语保留下来。如
She was given a warm welcome. 她受到热烈欢迎。
She was told a long story. 她听了一个很长的故事。
含有复合宾语的被动语态
把宾语变为主语，宾语补足语变为主语补足语。如
The children was named Tom. 那孩子被取名叫汤姆。
He was found lying on the floor. 他被发现躺在地板上
The teacher was asked to explain the difficult sentences again .
老师是被要求再解释一下这些长难句
被动语态还原to
如主动句宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变成被动语态后要加to
I saw him go to the church.我看见他去教堂了
He was seen to go the church.有人看见他去教堂了。
注意：
不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen、take place、disappear等。如
这件事发生在1989年 This happened in1989.
有些动词，如have, feel ,hold, become ,rise ,look, sound, seem等只着眼于表示状态而不强调动作，一般不用于被动语态。如
The trees have become green.
That song sounds beautiful.
一 、单项选择
（ ）1. We know that English__________ all over the world.
is spoken B. is speaking C.speaks D. has spoken
（ ）2.Computers___________ in everyday life in this country before long.
are used B. will use C .will be used D. was used
（ ）3.Many kinds of books, newspaper and magazines_____________ in the library.
Are keeping B. have kept C.are being kept D. are kept
（ ）4. The broken cup ________ away by the boy already.
A. is thrown B. threw C. has been thrown D. is being thrown
（ ）5.Don`t you know sweaters can`t ________ that way
being washed B. wash C. be washed D. being washed
（ ）6.Can you tell me____________
A. when did it happen B. when it happened
C. when was it happened D. when it was happened
（ ）7._______ the trees_________ in the park next Saturday
A. will ,be planted B. will be, planted
C. will, was it happened D. will, planted
（ ）8. It`s known that the paper for books and magazines________ from wood.
A. are made B. is made C. has been made D. is being made
（ ）9. The sick boy must _______ to the hospital as soon as possible.
A. be taken B. been taken C. being taken D. take
（ ）10. I told the old man his money ________ by the policeman.
A. has been found B. had been found
C. have found out D. has found
（ ）11. The new film _______ in this cinema now. Why don`t you go in and see it
A. is showing B. is being shown C. is shown D. shows
（ ）12.Plays _______ once a month in this theatre.
put on B.are put on C.was put on D. often put on
（ ）13. Water _________ into ice.
A.will change B.must change C.should change D.can be changed
（ ）14.A strange sound ______ last night.
was heard B.hears C.heard D.is heard
（ ）*15. The bird flew higher and higher till it could no longer ____.
A. see us B. is seen C. was seen D. be seen
（ ）16. Everyone at the party ____ a present.
A. gives B. was giving C. was to give D. was given
（ ）17. A terrible accident ____ near our school yesterday.
A. was happening B. was happened C. had happened D. happened
（ ）18. Who is the book ____
A. writing B. written C. written with D. written by
*（ ）19. My family had some photos ____ last Sunday.
A. took B. taking C. to take D. taken
（ ）*20. Ask him how much ____.
A. was spent on the meal B. did the meal cost
C. was the meal needed D. did he pay for the meal
（ ）21. Many more houses ____ for teachers since last year.
A. are building B. built C. have built D. have been built
（ ）22. Don’t worry. All the children ____ by the nurses.
A. are well taken care of B. take good care of
C. are taken good care of D. take good care
（ ）23. ---- Must old people _____ to politely ---- Yes, you ____.
A、speak, must B. spoken, need C. be spoken, must D. be spoke, need
（ ）24. ____ the Party ____ on July 1, 1921
A. Did, found B. Was, found C. Did, be founded D. Was, founded
（ ）*25. We _____ not to go that way because the road _______.
A. told, is being built B. had told, is building
C. was told, is built D. were told, was being built
二、被动语态专项训练
将下列句子改为被动语态
1. Mrs Green cleans the reading room every day.
Miss Li teaches us English.
She doesn’t speak French.
We must send for a doctor right now.
The bad man made the workers work long hours.
They call it jacket in English．
We must water the trees as often as possible．
We should turn down the radio while the baby is asleep．
三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
1．I hear that bridge __________（make）of wood．
2．English ______ the most widely _________ (speak）language in the world．
3．Tea _________（grow）in the southeast of China．
4．Where ______ the wolf first ________（see）by the farmer？
5．All the work must _________（finish）before Wednesday．
6．Books and magazines can ___________ （not take）out of the reading-room．
7．Can rice （grow）in winter？
8．The new teacher （give）a warm welcome by the students．
答案：一 、单项选择
1-5 ACDCC 6-10 BABAB 11-15 BBAAD
16-20 DDDDA 21-25 DCCDD
二、被动语态专项训练
1, The reading room is cleaned by Mrs Green every day.
2, We were taught English by Miss Li.
3, French isn’t spoken by her.
4, A doctor must be sent for right now ,
5, The workers were made to work long hours by the bad man ,
6, It is called jacket in English by them .
7, The trees must be watered as often as possible by us ,
8, The radio should be turned down while the baby is asleep.
三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
1, is made 2, is spoken 3, is grown 4, was seen
5, be finished 6, not be taken ,7, be grown 8, was given
技巧点拨
1. 做动词语态题,关键是要分清楚句子的主语与谓语动词之间所存在的关系是“人做某事（主动关系）”还是“事由人做（被动关系）”。
2. 对于语态常考查含有情态动词的被动语态以及被动语态在一般现在时态、一般过去时态以及现在完成时态的用法。而对于特殊动词例如能接双宾语的词如give, buy, teach, pass, show等；能接复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）的词如call sb. sth.以及感官动词如see, feel, watch, hear, make, let, have等的用法也是重点考点。
注意:
1. 如果主动语态的动词（如buy, teach, pass, show 等）带有双宾语，如: give sb sth 则可改为 : sth be given to sb 或sb be given sth
2. 动词see, feel, watch, hear, make, let, have, help等，在主动句中其后面的不定式省to，但变成被动时，to要加上去，不能省略。