2014年高考大纲全国卷英语试题解析（精编版）（解析版）

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.—I’m sorry for breaking the cup.
—Oh, _________ 一 I’ve got plenty.
A. forget it B.my pleasure C. help yourself D. pardon me
22. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.
A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found
23.Today there are more airplanes________ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying
24.Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether B. why C. when D.how
25.—Who’s that at the door?
—is the milkman.
A. He B. It C. This D. That
4) 特殊的形式宾语it。enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后接 if 从句或 when 从句，通常应先在动词后接 it 作形式宾语。如：
I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.
5)用于强调句中：It is／was…that／who。
It’s from the sun that we get light and heat.
考点：考查代词的用法。
26. ______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
A. Not do only B. Do not only C.Only not do D. Not only do
27. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have_______ possible education.
A. good B. better C.best D. the best
28.I think Mrs. Stark could be _______ between 50 and 60 years of age.
A. anywhere B. anybody C. anyhow D. anything
29.September 30 is the day_______which you must pay your bill.
A. by B. for C. with D. in
30.Although you ______ find bargains in London, it，s not generally a cheap place to shop.
A. should B. need C. must D. can
31.Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music，but she ______ it with hard work.
A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with
【答案】C
【解析】
32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _____them since.
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen
33. ______me tomorrow and Fll let you know the lab result.
A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called
34.Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _______ saw his family.
A. frequently B. seldom C. always D. usually
35.—What did you do last weekend?
—Oh，nothing________.
A. much B. else C. ever D. yet
【答案】A
第二节 完形填空（30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 21_______, but on their way back conditions were very 22_______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 23_______ alone, he would probably get back 24_______. But Simon decided to risk his 25_______ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.
As they 26_______ down, the weather got worse. Then another 27_______ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 28_______, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 29_______ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 30_______ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 31_______, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 32_______. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 33_______ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 34_______ to get out of the crevasse and started to 35_______ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 36_______.
Simon had 37_______ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 38_______, but he didn’t want to leave 39_______. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 40_______ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
【小题1】. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
【小题2】. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal
【小题3】.A.climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
【小题4】A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
【小题5】A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
【小题6】A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
【小题7】A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble
【小题8】 A. by mistake B. by chance C. D.
【小题9】 A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
【小题10】 A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment
【小题11】 A. Finally B. Patiently C Surely D Quickly
【小题12】.A stand back B take a rest C make a decision D hold on
【小题13】.A jumped B. fell C escaped D backed
【小题14】. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
【小题15】 A. run B. skate C. move D. march
【小题16】A. around B. away C. above D. along
【小题17】A. headed for B .traveled to C. left for D. returned to
【小题18】A. dead B .hurt C. weak D. late
【小题19 A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
【小题20】A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】D
【小题6】C
【小题7】D
【小题8】A
【小题9】D
【小题10】B
【小题11】A
【小题12】C
【小题13】B
【小题14】A
【小题15】C
【小题16】B
【小题17】D
【小题18】A
【小题10】B考查名词辨析及语境理解。 A. height高度； B. weight 重量； C. strength 力气；D. equipment 设备。从故事内容可知Simon 是在用绳子把Joe往山下送，所以能影响到SimonJ的是Joe的重量，选B。
考点：考查故事类短文阅读。
第三部分 阅读理解 （20题 40分）
A
Arriving?in?Sydney?on?his?own?from?India, my husband ,Rashid, stayed?in?a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people.We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
【小题1】.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?
A.Go shopping
B.Find a house
C.Join his family
D.Take his family
【小题2】.The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.
A.a friend of his family
B.a Sydney policeman
C.a letter in his papes
D.a stranger in Sydney
【小题3】.What does the underlined word“restored”in the last paragraph mean?
A.Showed
B.Sent out
C.Delivered
D.Gave back
【小题4】.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.From India to Australia.
B.Living in a a New Country.
C.Turning Trash to Treasure.
D.In Search of New Friends.
考点：考查故事类短文阅读。
B
Since the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot “greenter” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment,let alone that there was a problem with it,”says Bruce Anderson,president of Earth Day USA.
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people,political leaders, university professors,and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,”says Gaylord Nelson,the fromer govermor from Wisconsin,who thought up the first According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .
Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .
Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that , nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson .
【小题1】 According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___
A the social movement
B recycling techniques
C environmental problems
D the importance of Earth Day
【小题2】Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?
A The grass –roots level
B The business circle
C Government officials
D University professors
【小题3】What have Americans achieved in environmental protection ?
A They have cut car emissions to the lowest
B They have settled their environmental problems
C They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.
D They have reduced pollution through effective measures .
【小题4】.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?
A Education
B Planning
C Green living
D CO reduction
考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。
C
One of the latest trend（趋势） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.
“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of s company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.
Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.” Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.” she says.
“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.”But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”
The popularity if au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.
【小题1】.What does that term” au pair” in the text mean?
A. A mother raising her children on her own
B. A child learning a foreign language at home
C. A professor in language education of children
D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.
【小题2】. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.
A. to live in China some day
B. to speak the language at home
C. to catch up wit other children
D. to learn about the Chinese culture
【小题3】. What can we infer from the text?
A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular In America,
B. Educated woman do better in looking after children
C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.
D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
考点：考查社会文化类短文阅读。
D
Metro Pocket Guide
Metrorall (地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out .Up to two children under age five may travel
Free with a paying customer .
Farecard machines are in every station .Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.
Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorall rides with a One Day Pass .Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations .Use it after 9:30 a,m. until closing on weekdays , and all day on weekends and holidays .
Hours of service
Open 5am Mon-Fri 7a.m Sat-Sun
Open midnight Sun-Thur.
Last train times vary .
Train times Posted in stations
Metrobus
When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35.When paying with a SmarTrip?card , the fare is
1.25.
Fares
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare .On Metrorail and Metrobus , use a senior/disabled farecard or Smar/Trip ? card .For more information about buying senior .disabled farecard , SmarTrip?cards and passes , please visit MetroOpensDoors .com or call 202-637-7000and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorall services by calling 202-962-1100.
Travel tips (提示)
. Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4and 6p.m.
. If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195,
32. What should you know about farecard machines?
A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.
B. They are connected to change machines .
C. They offer special service to the elderly .
D. They make change for no more than $5.
33.At what time does Metroarll stop service on Saturday ?
A. At midnight .
B. At 3 a.m.
C. At 5 a.m.
D. At 7a.m.
34. What is good about a SmarTrip?card ?
A. It is convenient for old people .
B. It saves money for its users
C It can be bought at any train
D. It is sold on the Internet
35.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?
A.202-962-1195
B.202-962-1100
C.202-637-7000
D.202-637-8000
E
Which boy hasn’t dreamed of being a cool secret agent (特工)? The wonderful fighting abilities and the world-saving adventures are much more colourful than most people’s everyday lives. Well, Cody Banks is just like any other boy，except that he is not just dreaming. He has a big secret his friends never know about. He was trained to be a spy (间谍）by a special CIA programme，which was made to look like a summer camp. He learned high-speed driving，hand-to-hand fighting and the use of high-tech tools.
After proving he could become a young hero by saving a baby from a runaway car，Banks gets his first real task. He must make friends with a popular girl at school，Natalie Connors. Then，he must spy on her father，a scientist who has developed a dangerous technology (技术).Banks must stop a group of bad people from forcing Natalie’s father into using the technology to endanger the world.
The CIA may have taught him first-class self-defence moves，but they didn’t show him how to talk to girls. Banks has zero ability when it comes to dealing with girls. How can he get around his problem and get an invitation to the girl’s upcoming birthday party? Will he finally become Natalie’s boyfriend and find out whatever he can about her father’s work?
Agent Cody Banks has everything that young people are interested in: big explosions, breath-taking performances and funny girl-dating experiences. It was listed No.2 in the American box office last week.
“This story is interesting and fun for the whole family to enjoy，and especially cool for young boys，” said Paul Perkins, a film reviewer in the US.
72.What is Banks’ first real task?
A. To test a high-tech tool. B.To save a baby from a car.
C. To study a new technology. D. To watch a scientist secretly.
73.Banks wanted to go to Natalie’s birthday party to______ .
A. meet her father B. know more people C. make friends with her D. steal some information
74.What is considered as a great danger in the text?
A. The technology developed by Natalie’s father. B. An explosion set off by some bad people.
C. The CIA’s training of boys for its tasks. D. Secret agents’ spying on scientists.
75.What is the purpose of the text?
A. Making known the work of the CIA. B.Telling the story about a cool boy.
C. Showing the dark side of science. D.Introducing a new film.
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部电影Agent Cody Banks少年特工科迪。这篇文章告诉了我们：科迪是怎样成为特工的？成为特工后的第一个任务是什么？的内容。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） ”
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（V);如有错误（每行 只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（ )划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A )，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。 .
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship. The understanding 76._________
between two friends mean both of them have similar 77._________
ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78._________
impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.________
their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes， 80._________
“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.________
should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82._________
wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83._________
The more friends we have，the more we can learn for 84._________
one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.__________
【答案】
【小题1】正确。
【小题2】mean---means
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”，请根据下列要点和你的畅想完成短文。
1.家庭：
2．工作：
3.业余生活。
注意：1.词数100左右：
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：
3.开头语已为你写好。