2023年中考英语知识归纳专题复习——被动语态（外研版；含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023年中考英语知识归纳专题复习——被动语态（外研版；含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 192.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-27 10:05:02 | ||
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被动语态
【被动语态】
在英语中，动词主要有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语态。
当我们不知道或者没有必要说出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需要强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：Smoking isn’t allowed in the gas station.汽车加油站里面不允许吸烟。
Your work must be finished today.你们的工作必须今天完成。
常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态的构成如下：
时态 被动结构 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day.这间教室每天都打扫。
一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998.我们的学校是1998年建造的。
一般将来时 will be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.运动会将于明天举行。
现在完成时 have/has been+过去分词 The bank has been built.银行已经建成了。
含情态动词情态动词 +be+过去分词 The bike can’t be put here.这辆自行车不能被放在这里。
【考点训练1】
1.Today Chinese ____________ (teach) in many schools around the world.
2.Some famous paintings ______________ (show) in the hall next week.
3.A new school ____________ (set up) in my hometown last year.
4.—How often do I need to feed the dog
—It ___ food every day,or it will be hungry. （ ）
A.may give
B.may be given
C.must give
D.must be given
答案：is taught will be shown was set up D
【被动语态的特殊结构】
种类 构成 例句
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补，变为被动语态时，省略的to要加上。 We heard her sing in the room.→She was heard to sing in the room.我们听见她在房间里唱歌。
动词短语的被动语态 短语是“动词+介词/副词”时，变被动语态时介词、副词不能丢。 We should speak to the old politely.→The old should be spoken to politely by us.我们应该有礼貌地和老人说话。
主动表被动 feel,look,sound,smell,taste等系动词。 The dishes taste so delicious.这些菜尝起来很美味。
open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时。 This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
表示“发生、进行”等的不及物动词及短语(happen,take place,come out,run out,spread...)。 The water has run out.水已经用完了。
When did the book come out 这本书什么时候出版的？作“需要”讲的need,want,require后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。 The problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。
【考点训练2】
1.Tea plants are ______ (grow) and ______ (use) to make tea.
2.Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops ___________ (make) in China.
3.The music ___ the Moonlight Sonata. （ ）
A.sounds like B.is heard
C.is sounded like D.is listening
4.An accident ___ on the road last night. （ ）
A.has happened
B.was happened
C.Happened
D.was happening
答案：grown used were made A C
【被动语态的固定搭配、句型】
be made of,be made from,be made in与be made by
2.be used for,be used as与be used to do
3.It is said/believed/reported/known that...
【中考示例】
(2017·广西)I think all the heavy and difficult jobs _____ by machines and robots in the future.
( )
A.Do
B.will do
C.are done
D.will be done
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我认为未来所有的重活、难度大的工作都将由机器和机器人来完成。根据时间状语in the future可知，此处应用一般将来时；主语jobs和谓语动词do之间是被动关系，结合介词by可知此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。
【考题热身】
1.(2017·甘肃)English ____________（speak) all over the world.
2.(2017·宿迁)The old car _____________（produce) in Germany in the 1960s.
3.(2017·鄂州)Teenagers should _________________（encourage) to solve their problems by themselves.
4.(2017·襄阳)The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022,from February 4th to 20th. （ ）
A.is going to hold B.hold
C.will be held D.was held
5.(2017·重庆A卷)This picture _____ by my cousin last year. （ ）
A.draws B.drew
C.is drawn D.was drawn
6.(2017·盐城)It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts ____ to teach soccer school students. （ ）
A.invite B.invited
C.to be invited D.will be invited
7.(2017·随州)—Your bedroom is so clean.
—Of course.It every day. （ ）
A.cleans B.cleaned
C.is cleaned D.was cleaned
8.(2017·苏州)—Why hasn’t Tony come
—The invitation letter ____ to Toby by accident.
（ ）
A.was emailed B.has emailed
C.is emailed D.emailed
9.(2017·上海)The museum ___ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. （ ）
A.is decorated B.will decorate
C.is decorating D.will be decorated
10.(2017·河北)Hangzhou ____ as the City of Silk.Tourists like shopping for silk there. （ ）
A.Knows
B.is known
C.was known
D.will be known
答案：is spoken was produced be encouraged C D D C A D B
PAGE
1
【被动语态】
在英语中，动词主要有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语态。
当我们不知道或者没有必要说出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需要强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：Smoking isn’t allowed in the gas station.汽车加油站里面不允许吸烟。
Your work must be finished today.你们的工作必须今天完成。
常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态的构成如下：
时态 被动结构 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day.这间教室每天都打扫。
一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998.我们的学校是1998年建造的。
一般将来时 will be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.运动会将于明天举行。
现在完成时 have/has been+过去分词 The bank has been built.银行已经建成了。
含情态动词情态动词 +be+过去分词 The bike can’t be put here.这辆自行车不能被放在这里。
【考点训练1】
1.Today Chinese ____________ (teach) in many schools around the world.
2.Some famous paintings ______________ (show) in the hall next week.
3.A new school ____________ (set up) in my hometown last year.
4.—How often do I need to feed the dog
—It ___ food every day,or it will be hungry. （ ）
A.may give
B.may be given
C.must give
D.must be given
答案：is taught will be shown was set up D
【被动语态的特殊结构】
种类 构成 例句
感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补，变为被动语态时，省略的to要加上。 We heard her sing in the room.→She was heard to sing in the room.我们听见她在房间里唱歌。
动词短语的被动语态 短语是“动词+介词/副词”时，变被动语态时介词、副词不能丢。 We should speak to the old politely.→The old should be spoken to politely by us.我们应该有礼貌地和老人说话。
主动表被动 feel,look,sound,smell,taste等系动词。 The dishes taste so delicious.这些菜尝起来很美味。
open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时。 This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
表示“发生、进行”等的不及物动词及短语(happen,take place,come out,run out,spread...)。 The water has run out.水已经用完了。
When did the book come out 这本书什么时候出版的？作“需要”讲的need,want,require后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。 The problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。
【考点训练2】
1.Tea plants are ______ (grow) and ______ (use) to make tea.
2.Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops ___________ (make) in China.
3.The music ___ the Moonlight Sonata. （ ）
A.sounds like B.is heard
C.is sounded like D.is listening
4.An accident ___ on the road last night. （ ）
A.has happened
B.was happened
C.Happened
D.was happening
答案：grown used were made A C
【被动语态的固定搭配、句型】
be made of,be made from,be made in与be made by
2.be used for,be used as与be used to do
3.It is said/believed/reported/known that...
【中考示例】
(2017·广西)I think all the heavy and difficult jobs _____ by machines and robots in the future.
( )
A.Do
B.will do
C.are done
D.will be done
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我认为未来所有的重活、难度大的工作都将由机器和机器人来完成。根据时间状语in the future可知，此处应用一般将来时；主语jobs和谓语动词do之间是被动关系，结合介词by可知此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。
【考题热身】
1.(2017·甘肃)English ____________（speak) all over the world.
2.(2017·宿迁)The old car _____________（produce) in Germany in the 1960s.
3.(2017·鄂州)Teenagers should _________________（encourage) to solve their problems by themselves.
4.(2017·襄阳)The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022,from February 4th to 20th. （ ）
A.is going to hold B.hold
C.will be held D.was held
5.(2017·重庆A卷)This picture _____ by my cousin last year. （ ）
A.draws B.drew
C.is drawn D.was drawn
6.(2017·盐城)It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts ____ to teach soccer school students. （ ）
A.invite B.invited
C.to be invited D.will be invited
7.(2017·随州)—Your bedroom is so clean.
—Of course.It every day. （ ）
A.cleans B.cleaned
C.is cleaned D.was cleaned
8.(2017·苏州)—Why hasn’t Tony come
—The invitation letter ____ to Toby by accident.
（ ）
A.was emailed B.has emailed
C.is emailed D.emailed
9.(2017·上海)The museum ___ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. （ ）
A.is decorated B.will decorate
C.is decorating D.will be decorated
10.(2017·河北)Hangzhou ____ as the City of Silk.Tourists like shopping for silk there. （ ）
A.Knows
B.is known
C.was known
D.will be known
答案：is spoken was produced be encouraged C D D C A D B
PAGE
1
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