分类14 自然环境-2023年中考英语考纲词汇分类记忆与强化训练（含答案）

中考英语考纲词汇分类记忆与强化训练(通用版)
14 自然环境
【分类记忆】
动物n. (40) animal动物　creature生物, 动物　koala树袋熊　tiger老虎　elephant大象　dolphin海豚　panda熊猫 lion狮子　penguin企鹅　giraffe长颈鹿　duck鸭子　shark鲨鱼　seal海豹　camel骆驼　snake蛇　pet宠物 fox狐狸　rabbit兔子　cat猫　mouse老鼠　sheep羊　monster怪物　parrot鹦鹉　monkey猴子　 ant蚂蚁 polar北极熊　manatee海牛　kangaroo袋鼠　pig猪　chimpanzee黑猩猩　cheetah猎豹　shark鲨鱼 seal海豹　octopus章鱼　aquatic水生动物　turtle海龟　spider蜘蛛　shell贝壳　hamster仓鼠　turkey火鸡
植物n. (9) vegetation (总称)植物　plant植物　 flower 花　grass草　rice水稻　tree 树　oak橡树　mangrove红树林 leaf树叶　
地貌n. (41) park公园　street街道　 palace宫殿　 mountain山脉　 ocean海洋 　sea大海 　river河流 lake湖泊　equator赤道　beach海滩　zoo动物园　fence栅栏　cage笼子　WWF世界野生动物基金会 world世界　post office邮局　restaurant餐馆　bank银行　avenue林荫道　bridge桥　neighborhood附近地区garden花园　house房子　 district区域　airport机场　TV station电视台　 police station警察局apartment公寓　hotel旅店　the Children’s Palace少年宫　 jungle热带丛林　Amazon亚马孙河Pacific太平洋　swamp沼泽, 沼泽地　habitat栖息地　lagoon泻湖, 环礁湖　 pool水池　desert沙漠coast 海岸　forest森林　island岛　
国家n. (18) country国家　China中国　Canada加拿大　 France法国　Japan日本　Australia澳大利亚the United States美国　Singapore新加坡　the United Kingdom英国　 Germany德国　 Russia俄罗斯 India印度　Thailand泰国　Italy意大利　Vietnam越南　Peru秘鲁　Switzerland瑞士　Holland荷兰
大洲n. (6) Asia亚洲　 Africa非洲　America美洲　 Antarctica南极洲　 Europe欧洲　Oceania 大洋洲
城市n. (9) city城市　Sydney悉尼　New York纽约　Paris巴黎　Toronto多伦多　Tokyo东京　Washington华盛顿 London伦敦　Moscow莫斯科
资源n. (14) air空气　coal煤炭　ice冰　metal金属　oil油　smoke烟　soil土壤　water水　iron铁　 fire火 moonlight月光　 sunlight阳光　population人口　ecosystem生态系统　
宇宙 n. (10) cloud云　earth地球　moon月亮　planet行星　sky天空　space空间　star星星　sun太阳　Mars火星 rocket火箭
活动(14) cut down砍倒; 减少　die down逐渐消失　die out灭绝; 绝种　run out用尽　turn off关闭　make a difference 有影响; 起作用　make a contribution做贡献　live on靠……生活　 in danger在危险中　feed on以……为食　clean up清除　wash冲洗 　care for/about关心　recycle things回收利用　
【强化训练】
一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子
1. The dolphin is a smart a_______.
2. I like eating f_______, such as bananas, apples, etc.
3. Pacific is the largest o_______ in the world.
4. The little boy doesn’t like v_______, only likes meat.
5. Mount Qomolangma is the highest m_______ in China.
6. Paris is one of the most beautiful c_______ in Europe.
7. E_______ are very big and have long noses.
8. There is an old stone b_______ over the river.
9. The girl has a cat as her p_______.
10. Carnations (康乃馨) are the f_______ for mothers.
二、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. We can’t ______________(依靠……生活) our parents after graduation.
2. The doctor saved the boy ______________(处于危险中).
3. Lions ______________(以肉为主食).
4. It’s your turn to ______________(打扫) the classroom.
5. Lily spent years ______________(照顾) her sick uncle.
6. The ______________(树叶) become yellow in autumn.
7. I just saw a ______________(老鼠) on the table.
8. Thailand is a country in ______________(亚洲).
9. Hawaii is famous for its beautiful ______________(海滩).
10. The sheep are eating ______________(草) at the foot of the mountain.
三、根据短文内容, 选用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
kill　 develop　special　 healthy　environment　harm　 dangerous　 strong　 die　 ocean
Save the Sharks!
Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is 1. __________ popular in southern China. But do you realize that you 2. __________ a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup
When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This method is not only cruel, but also 3. __________ to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly 4. __________. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the 5. __________ ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring 6. __________ to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are 7. __________ in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
　　8. __________ protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments 9. __________ laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for 10. __________, so why eat them Help save the sharks!
参考答案
一、1. The dolphin is a smart animal.
2. I like eating fruit, such as bananas, apples, etc.
3. Pacific is the largest ocean in the world.
4. The little boy doesn’t like vegetables, only likes meat.
5. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in China.
6. Paris is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe.
7. Elephants are very big and have long noses.
8. There is an old stone bridge over the river.
9. The girl has a cat as her pet.
10. Carnations (康乃馨) are the flowers for mothers.
二、1. We can’t live on (依靠……生活) our parents after graduation.
2. The doctor saved the boy in danger (处于危险中).
3. Lions feed on meat (以肉为主食).
4. It’s your turn to clean up (打扫) the classroom.
5. Lily spent years caring for /looking after/taking care of (照顾) her sick uncle.
6. The leaves (树叶) become yellow in autumn.
7. I just saw a mouse (老鼠) on the table.
8. Thailand is a country in Asia (亚洲).
9. Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches (海滩).
10. The sheep are eating grass (草) at the foot of the mountain.
三、
Save the Sharks!
Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is 1. especially popular in southern China. But do you realize that you 2. are killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup
When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This method is not only cruel, but also 3. harmful to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly 4. dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the 5. ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring 6. danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are 7. the strongest in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
　　8. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments 9. to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for 10. health, so why eat them Help save the sharks!
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