外研版2023年中考英语知识归纳复习专题 情景交际

情景交际
【情景交际】
情景交际类单项填空题属于“语言功能”考核项目，考查学生的交际能力和对英美国家文化背景的了解。在解答该类题目时，要避开一些误区：
一忌上词下用（如不能用“No thanks.”回答“Thank you very much.”）；
二忌中文思维（要充分了解英美文化）；
三忌直接回绝（英美人拒绝请求或邀请时一般比较委婉）；四忌答非所问（与问话不相关的选项可排除，分清相近选项，如With pleasure.“我很乐意。”和My pleasure./It’s a pleasure.“不用谢;不客气。”）。
要避免此类错误，我们不仅要分析语境，理解交际场合和意图，还要在平时的学习中积累常用功能意念交际项目的常用表达。部分常用表达归纳如下：
1.问候
类型 常用表达
直接问候与应答 (1)—How are you？你好吗？—I’m fine/OK,thanks/thank you.我很好，谢谢。(2)—Nice to meet/see you.很高兴见到你。—Nice to meet/see you,too.我也很高兴见到你。(3)—How’s it going /How are you doing /How is everything going /How is everything with you /How are you getting on /What’s up？近来可好？—Pretty good./Very well./Everything is OK./Not bad.非常好。/一切都很好。/马马虎虎。
间接问候与应答 —Say hi/hello to... /Please give my regards/best wishes to.../Please remember me to...向……问好。/请代我向……问好。—Of course./Sure/Thanks,I will.当然。/当然/谢谢，我会的。
2.感谢
类型 常用表达
感谢 (1)Thanks (a lot)./Thank you (very/so much)./Many thanks.（非常）感谢。(2)Thanks/Thank you for...(因……)感谢你。(3)It’s very kind/nice of you.你真是太好了。(4)Thanks.That would be nice.谢谢，那太好了。(5)Thank you all the same.还是得感谢你。 (常用于应答别人实际上没帮上忙时)
应答 (1)You’re welcome./Not at all./That’s all right./That’s OK./Don’t mention it./My pleasure./It’s a pleasure.不用谢。/不客气。(2)I’m glad you like it.我很高兴你喜欢它。（常用于应答别人感谢你送的礼物时）
3.道歉
类型 常用表达
道歉 Sorry./I’m sorry./I’m sorry for/that...抱歉。/我很抱歉……
应答 That’s all right./That’s OK./Not at all./Never mind./It doesn’t matter./It’s nothing.没关系。
4.邀请
类型 常用表达
邀请 (1)Will/Would/Can/Could you come to...？你能来……吗？(2)Would you like to...？你愿意(想要)……吗？(3)May I invite you to...？ 我可以邀请你……吗？
接受邀请 (1)Sure/Yes,I’d love/like to.是的，我愿意。(2)Yes.It’s very kind/nice of you.是的，你真是太好了。(3)That would be nice.那太好了。
拒绝邀请 (1)No,thanks/thank you.不，谢谢。(2) I’d love/like to,but...我很乐意，但是……
5.请求允许
类型 常用表达
请求允许 (1)May/Can/Could I...？我可以……吗？(2)Can/Could/Will/Would you please...？请你……好吗？/你能……吗？(3)Would you mind(not)...？你介意……吗？/请你不要……好吗？(4)I wonder if I can/could...我想知道我能否……
肯定应答 (1)Yes./Sure./Certainly.当然可以。(2)Of course,you can.当然了，你可以的。(3)Yes,do please./Go ahead,please.是的，请。/请吧。(4)OK./All right.好的。(5)Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all.当然不介意。/一点也不介意。(常用于应答以上第3句)
否定应答 (1)I’m afraid not.恐怕不行。(2)You’d better not./Better not.(你)最好不要。(常用于应答以上第3句)(3)I’m sorry (，but) you can’t...很抱歉，（但）你不能……(4)I’m afraid it’s not allowed.恐怕这是不允许的。(5)Sorry,I’m afraid I can’t.抱歉，我恐怕不行。（6）Sorry,I/we won’t do it again.抱歉，我/我们不那样做了。(常用于应答由Would you mind not... 提出的请求)
6.寻求帮助
类型 常用表达
寻求帮助 Can you help me /Can you give me a hand /Can you do me a favor？你可以帮助我吗？
肯定应答 Sure./Certainly./Of course./No problem./With pleasure.当然可以。/没问题。/我很乐意。
否定应答 Sorry,I’m afraid I can’t.抱歉，我恐怕不行。
7.提供帮助
类型 常用表达
提供帮助 (1)Can I help you？我可以帮忙吗？(2)What can I do for you？我能为你做些什么？(3)Would you like me to help you？要我帮你吗？(4)Let me help you.让我来帮你。
肯定应答 (1)Yes,please.好的，请吧。(2)Yes,thanks.好的，谢谢。(3)Thanks.That would be nice.谢谢，那太好了。
否定应答 (1)No,thanks/thank you.不用，谢谢。(2)That’s very nice of you.But I can manage it myself.你真好。但是我自己能处理（应付得来）。(3)No,I can do it,but thank you all the same.不用，我可以自己做，但还是得感谢你。
8.建议&劝告、警告&禁止
类型 常用表达
建议&劝告 (1)What/How about...？……怎么样？(2)Why not.../Why don’t you...？为什么不……？(3)Shall we...？我们……好吗？(4)Let’s...让我们……(5)You’d better (not)...你最好（不要）……(6)You should/shouldn’t ...你(不)应当……(7)Remember to...记得去……
警告&禁止 (1) You mustn’t... 不准/禁止……(2) Don’t... 不要……
肯定应答 (1)Sounds great/good./Good idea./That’s /It’s a good idea./All right./OK.听起来不错。/好主意。/那是个好主意。/好的。（以上常用于应答别人提出的建议）(2)Why not 为什么不呢？(3)I can’t wait.我等不及了。(4)OK,I will.好的，我会的。（常用于应答以上第7句）(5)Thanks for your advice.谢谢你的建议。
否定应答 Sorry,I won’t. 对不起，我不会了。（常用于应答别人发出的警告）
9.祝愿&祝贺
类型 适用场合 常用表达
祝愿&祝贺 要去参加考试或比赛时 Good luck (to you)!/I wish you success! 祝你好运！/祝你成功！
取得好成绩时 Congratulations!/Well done!/Good job! 恭喜你！/干得好!
要去旅行或参加聚会时 Have a good/great/nice/pleasant time/trip./Enjoy yourself./Have fun.旅途愉快。/玩得开心。
过生日时 Happy birthday! 生日快乐！
应答 Thanks./Thank you.谢谢！
应答公共节日 过春节、圣诞节等公共节日时 —Merry Christmas! 圣诞节快乐！—Thanks.You too./The same to you.谢谢，你也一样。
10.赞美
类型 常用表达
赞美 (1)You look nice in red.你穿红色衣服很漂亮。(2)Your new watch is cool.你的新手表很炫。(3)The cake tastes so delicious.蛋糕太美味了。
应答 Thanks./Thank you.谢谢。
11.情感
类型 常用表达
高兴 (1)How wonderful! 太棒了！(2)I’m pleased/glad to know/hear that.知道/听闻那事我很高兴。
满意 Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/That’s fine./That’s good enough.好！/干得好！/完美！/那很好。/那足够好了。
忧虑&应答 忧虑：(1)I’m afraid it’s too hard/difficult.恐怕这个太难了。(2)I am/feel nervous.我感觉很紧张。
应答：(1)Come on.You can do it.加油。你可以的。(2)Take it easy.别着急。(3)Don’t worry.不要担心。
遗憾 (1)I’m so sorry.很抱歉。(2)It’s a great pity.太遗憾了。(3)What a pity/shame! 真遗憾！
同情 （1）I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。（2）That’s/It’s too bad.那太糟糕了。
12.打算
类型 常用表达
打算与应答 (1)—What are you going to do tonight？今晚你打算干什么？—Not much.没什么事。(2)—Will you go...？你将去……吗？ —I’m afraid not.我恐怕不去。
13.观点&看法
类型 常用表达
观点&看法 (1)What do you think of... /How do you like... /How do you feel about...？你认为……怎么样？(2)How was...？……怎么样？
应答 (1)Great./Wonderful./Fantastic.很好。/很精彩。/了不起。(2)It was great./They are wonderful.它太棒了。/它们太完美了。(3)I love them (very much)./I don’t mind them./I can’t stand them.我（非常）喜欢它们。/我不介意它们。/我忍受不了它们。
14.天气、日期
类型 常用表达
询问天气与应答 —What’s the weather like today /How’s the weather today？今天天气怎么样？—It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy/...晴天/多云/有风/下雨/……
询问日期与应答 (1)—What day is it today？今天是星期几？—It’s Monday.星期一。(2)—What’s the date today？今天是几号？—It’s June 1st.6月1日。
15.打电话
类型 常用表达
打电话方 (1)Could/May/Can I speak to...,please？请找……接电话，好吗？(2)Who’s that (speaking)？你是哪一位？(3)This is...(speaking).我是……(4)Hello,is that...(speaking)？你好，你是……吗？(5)I’d like to speak to...我想找……(6)Could you ask him/her to call me back？您能让他/她给我回电话吗？(7)I’m calling you to tell/ask you to...我打电话给你是想告诉/要你……
接电话方 (1)Speaking,please.请讲。(2)Hold on (for a moment),please.请稍等。(3)This is...(speaking).我是……(4)I’m sorry/afraid he/she isn’t in at the moment/right now.对不起，他/她现在不在。(5)Can I take a message？要我传个口信吗？
16.就餐
类型 常用表达
询问 (1)What would you like (to have)？你想要(吃/喝)些什么？(2)Would you like something to eat/drink？你想吃/喝点什么吗？(3)Help yourself to...请随便吃/喝点……
同意 (1)I’d like rice and chicken.我要米饭和鸡肉。(2)A cup of tea,please.请给我一杯茶。(3)Yes,some noodles,please.是的，来点面。(4)Yes,I’d like a drink.是的，我要一杯饮料。(5)Just a little,please.只要一点点。
拒绝 (1)No,thank you.(I’ve had enough.) 不用了，谢谢。(我已经吃饱了。)(2)I’m full,thank you.我饱了，谢谢。
17.购物
类型 常用表达
寒暄语 —Can I help you /What can I do for you？有什么可以帮您的吗？—Yes,please.好的。
营业员 (1)How many/much...do you want？您想要多少？(2)What kind/color/size do you like/want？你喜欢/想要什么种类/颜色/尺寸的？(3)What/How about this？这个怎么样？(4)Here you are.给你。
顾客 (1)I want/would like to buy some...(for...)我想（为……）买一些……(2)I’m looking for...我正在找……(3)Have you got any other kind/color/size？你们还有其他种类/颜色/尺寸的吗？(4)That looks nice/great.看起来不错。(5)How much is it (=How much does it cost ) /How much are they？这个/这些多少钱？(6)Can/May I try it/them on？我能试一试吗？
18.看病
类型 常用表达
医生 (1)What’s the matter/trouble (with you) /What’s wrong(with you) /What’s up？你怎么了？(2)How long have you been like this？你像这样多久了？(3)There’s nothing serious.不要紧/不严重。(4)You’d better have a good rest.你最好好好休息。(5)Take this medicine and stay in bed for a few days.吃这个药并卧床休息几天。(6)You will get better soon.你会很快好起来的。
病人 (1)I have a headache/stomachache/toothache/cold/cough/sore throat.我头痛/胃痛/牙疼/感冒了/咳嗽/喉咙痛。(2)I’m not feeling well./I don’t feel very well./I feel terrible/bad.我感觉不舒服。(3)There’s something wrong with my...我的……不舒服。(4)I hurt my left leg./My left leg hurts.我的左腿受伤了。(5)I can’t sleep well./I didn’t get enough sleep.我睡不好。/我睡眠不够。
【考点训练】
1.—It is very nice of you to help me．
—__________. （ ）
A.I agree B.Not yet
C.My pleasure D.No way2.—Would you like to see a movie with me tonight
—_______.I have to do chores. （ ）
A.Good luck B.Let’s go
C.No problem D.I’m afraid not
3.—My parents will bring me to Shanghai Disneyland the day after tomorrow.
—______. （ ）
A.I’m sorry to hear that
B.It’s my pleasure
C.Best wishes to you
D.Have a good trip
4.—I’m sorry.I broke your tea cup.
—____.I have another one at home. （ ）
A.It doesn’t matter B.You’d better not
C.My pleasure D.It’s too bad
5.—I’m very nervous the night before the big exam.
—_____.I’m sure you can make it. （ ）
A.Take it easy B.Take your time
C.Go ahead D.Enjoy yourself
6.—You were amazing today!Well done!
—________. （ ）
A.All right B.Thank you
C.Not yet D.Of course
7.—I had a pleasant winter vacation with my family in the north.
—_______.（ ）
A.Oh,that’s nice of you.
B.Enjoy yourself!
C.Well done!
D.Glad to hear that.
8.—Let’s go to the movie after the test.
—_____. （ ）
A.Not at all B.Never mind
C.It doesn’t matter D.Good idea
答案：CDDAABDD
【中考示例】
(2017·广西)—Sorry for being late.
—_____.( )
A.That’s sure. B.Here you are.
C.Never mind. D.Certainly.
【解析】考查情景交际。问句句意：抱歉迟到了。A项意为“那是真的”；B项意为“给你”；C项意为“没关系”；D项意为“当然”。由语境可知C项符合题意。
【考题热身】
1.(2017·云南)—Hello,is that Molly speaking
—______. （ ）
A.You’re welcome
B.Speaking,please
C.This way,please
D.Glad to hear that
2.(2017·云南)—_______
—I want to buy a pair of sports shoes. （ ）
A.What’s wrong
B.What can I do for you
C.How much is it
D.What does it look like
3.(2017·云南)—Don’t throw rubbish everywhere,please.Building a civilized(文明的) city is our duty.
—_____. （ ）
A.OK,I will B.You are joking
C.Take it easy D.Sorry,I won’t
4.(2017·云南)—It’s a little cold.Would you mind closing the window
—_____.I will do it right away. （ ）
A.Forget it B.No,you can’t
C.Not at all D.Of course
5.(2017·武汉)—How is everything going
—_____. （ ）
A.Everything is finished
B.Nothing has been done
C.Not so bad，you know
D.Not doing wrong，you see
6.(2017·甘肃)—Do you think it’s going to rain this afternoon
—____.We’re just planning to have a picnic later this afternoon. （ ）
A.I hope not B.I expect so
C.Yes，it was D.No，I won’t
7.(2017·天津)—We have won the first prize in the match!
—____.（ ）
A.Never mind. B.Nice work!
C.Have a good trip! D.Wait a moment!
8.(2017·荆州)—It’s nearly lunch time.How about having some noodles and dumplings
—_____. （ ）
A.You’re welcome
B.That’s right
C.That’s nice of you
D.That sounds good
9.(2017·苏州)—He’s too short to be a successful basketball player.
—_____.Every dog has its day. （ ）
A.I think so B.It’s hard to say
C.That’s right D.You’d better not
10.(2017·长春)—Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday
—_____.I’ll be free that day. （ ）
A.Sorry,I can’t B.Yes,I do
C.Yes,I’d love to D.No,I wouldn’t
11.(2017·盐城)—I had a very good time at the charity show.Thanks for your invitation.
—_____. （ ）
A.All right B.You are welcome
C.Good luck to you D.Not too bad
12.(2017·泰州)—Mum,I’ll take an important test tomorrow.
—Don’t be nervous.____,Sandy! （ ）
A.Good luck B.Good idea
C.Well done D.Have a good time
13.(2017·滨州)—Our team lost the basketball game and I feel very sad.
—_______.I believe you can do better next time.
（ ）
A.It’s right B.It’s exciting
C.It’s not a big deal D.It’s not a good idea
14.(2017·温州)—Mum,I’m going to school now.See you.
—______,Mary. （ ）
A.Here we go B.Wait a moment
C.My pleasure D.Have a nice day
15.(2017·上海)—______
—Congratulations! （ ）
A.Sorry for breaking the glass.
B.How are you feeling today
C.I was awarded first prize in the writing contest.
D.Why not take the underground to the university
答案：BBDCCABDBCBACDC
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