2023年中考英语专题训练任务型阅读-完成表格篇（含解析）

初中英语2023年中考专题训练
任务型阅读-完成表格篇
(一)
Have you ever heard of any festivals for animals Usually in October or November there is a unique festival called the Pushkar Camel (骆驼) Fair in India. Though the event started as a chance for traders to buy and sell farm animals, it has become an attraction for travelers from around the world.
The fair can be divided into two parts. The first part is a farm animal market where people trade camels, cows, sheep and some other animals. The second part is a carnival (狂欢节) that has local food, entertainment and open-air markets to suit all tastes. Tourists can experience the culture and traditions of the area by wandering around the markets.
Of course, the main characters are the camels. Visitors get a chance to see the camels at their best, because there are competitions for them, including races, beauty contests and tests on strength. People aren’t left out, either. Men can take part in a mustache competition, while women can dress up for a bridal (新娘的) competition. Both women and men can also compete in rounds of the tug-of-war (拔河) and many other events.
What started as a small meeting for locals to trade animals has become a big event. It seems unbelievable, but it is even more exciting than it sounds.
根据短文内容, 补全表格中所缺的信息。(每空一词)
The Pushkar Camel Fair
History It first started as a chance to 1. _________ farm animals.
Main Parts The farm animal market where people trade camels, cows, sheep and some other animals. The carnival that 2. _________ local food, entertainment and open-air markets.
Some Activities There are races, beauty contests and tests on strength for camels. A mustache competition is for 3. _________. Women can dress up for a bridal competition. There are also 4. _________ like the tug-of-war for both women and men.
If you take part in the festival, you’ll be more 5. _________ than just reading the story.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】本文主要介绍了印度的普什卡骆驼节。
【答案解析】
1. trade 由第一段中的“Though the event started as a chance for traders to buy and sell farm animals ...”可知, 这个活动最初是为了给人们提供一个买卖家畜的机会, 故用trade, 意为“买卖 (货物) ”。又由该空前的to可知, 此处用原形。
2. has 由第二段中的“The second part is a carnival that has local food, entertainment and open-air markets to suit all tastes.”可知, 狂欢节中“有”当地美食、娱乐活动和露天市场。定语从句的主语是关系代词that, 且时态为一般现在时, 故填has。
3. men 由第三段中的Men can take part in a mustache competition 可知, 胡子大赛是为男人准备的。
4. competitions/events/activities 由第三段中的“Both women and men can also compete in rounds of the tug-of-war and many other events.”可知, 也有男女都适合参加的“比赛／活动”。结合空前的are可知, 此处名词用复数形式。
5. excited 由最后一段中的“It seems unbelievable, but it is even more exciting than it sounds.”可知, 比起读故事, 去参加这个骆驼节会让你觉得更兴奋, 故填excited, 意为“兴奋的”。
(二)
When you hear the word “transfiguration (变身)”, you may think of sci-fi movies rather than climate (气候) . However, that’s what animals are doing to deal with climate change.
A new study shows that some animals are slowly growing larger mouths, legs and ears. In this way they can cool themselves down more easily as the earth gets warmer.
“A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans get over this ’ Actually, we should know that animals also have to fit the change,” said the study’s researcher, Sara Ryding from Deakin University, Australia. “If animals can’t control their body temperature, they will overheat and die.”
In one example, the beaks of some kinds of Australian parrots have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871, and it’s closely related to the rising summer temperature over the years. Similar examples also include wood mice. They have longer tails. Some animals are getting longer tails and legs. Bats in a warmer climate have bigger wings.
Animals are changing their shapes, but scientists say that it doesn’t mean everything is fine. It just means that they are trying hard to live. However, not all animals can succeed.
根据短文内容, 补全表格中所缺的信息。(每空词数不限)
Dealing with Climate Change
Changes of Animals Animals are changing their 1. _________ in order to fit climate change.
Examples Some kinds of 2. _________ have larger beaks.
Wood mice have 3. _________
In 4. _________, bats have bigger wings.
Conclusion It doesn’t mean 5. _________ Not all animals can succeed.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】地球变暖一直是人们关注的问题。其实, 不仅只有人类受到影响, 动物为了生存也在改变自己的外形来适应气候的变化。
【答案解析】
1. shapes 结合第二段中的“A new study shows that some animals are slowly growing larger mouths, legs and ears.”和最后一段中的 Animals are changing their shapes可知, 动物在改变自己的外形来适应气候的变化。
2. Australian parrots 由第四段中的the beaks of some kinds of Australian parrots have grown 4 to 10 percent larger 可知, 有些种类的澳大利亚鹦鹉长出了更大的喙。
3. longer tails 由第四段中的“Similar examples also include wood mice. They have longer tails.”可知, 它们的尾巴变长了。
4. a warmer climate 由第四段中的“Bats in a warmer climate have bigger wings.”可知, 生活在更温暖环境下的蝙蝠有更大的翅膀。
5. everything is fine 由最后一段第一句“Animals are changing their shapes, but scientists say that it doesn’t mean
everything is fine.”可知, 动物正在改变外形去适应气候的变化, 但这并不意味着一切都好。
(三)
Madrid is Spain’s capital, which has a lot of famous places. Now there’s one more reason why people want to visit Madrid, as the Liria Palace has opened to the public.
Before its opening on Sept. 19, 2019, no one could enter the palace unless they were private guests or artists who still had to wait on a nearly three-year list.
The Liria Palace has been Madrid’s cultural secret for a long time. Now many people such as bloggers and photographers can take photos they never thought they would be able to get in the past, from inside the palace. However, no more than twenty visitors are allowed to enter the palace every 30 minutes during opening hours.
The Liria Palace keeps some of the country’s most valuable paintings. It includes works of Francisco Goya, Diego Velazquez and Peter Paul Rubens, which are regarded as important works of art in Spanish history.
The palace also features (以······为特色) a library with a collection of original manuscripts (手稿). Among them are the writings and drawings of Christopher Columbus, a famous explorer who arrived in the Americas.
The Liria Palace has more than just its collections. The building can reveal (揭露) the life of the Spanish royal families, said the New York Times. The recordings tell people past stories that took place in the palace and visitors can listen to the old music.
“The social desire to see the collections is strong, " said Alvaro Romero Sanchez-Arjona, the head of the culture department at the Casa de Alba Foundation, “You can feel the power of the history at once when you enter the palace,” Romero added. “Visitors will think they’re not in a museum. They will feel like they are in a palace which there are still people living in.”
根据短文内容, 补全表格中所缺的信息. (每空一词)
The Liria Palace-Spain’s Hidden Gem
Background information It has been open to visitors since Sept. 19, 2019. Before that, no artists can enter it 1. __________ waiting on a nearly three-year list.
Features It has some of the most 2. __________ works of art in Spanish history. It has a 3. __________ with a collection of original manuscripts. It can show visitors 4. __________ the Spanish royal families lived in the past.
Comments Visitors can feel the power of the history in the palace and 5. __________ like there are some people living in the palace.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】利里亚宫位于西班牙的首都马德里, 里面有大量艺术品和文物。利里亚宫以前只接待私人宾客和艺术家, 如今向公众开放。人们不仅可以欣赏艺术品, 还能了解到过去皇室的生活。
【答案解析】
1. without由第二段中的 who still had to wait on a nearly three-year list 可知, 在利里亚宫对公众开放之前, 只有私人宾客和艺术家才能进去参观, 而且他们还必须等待将近三年。
2. valuable/important由第四段的内容可知, 利里亚宫中保留着一些西班牙历史上最“有价值的／最重要的”艺术品。
3. library 由第五段的内容可知, 利里亚宫中有一个存有很多原始手稿的图书馆。
4. how 由倒数第二段中的“The building can reveal the life of the Spanish royal families, said the New York Times.”可知, 利里亚宫向参观者展示了过去西班牙皇室成员的生活。
5. feel 由最后一段最后一句“They will feel like they are in a palace which there are still people living in.”可知, 参观者会感觉自己在一座仍有人居住的宫殿里. feel like为固定搭配, 意为“感觉”。
(四)
Environmental science activities, whether done in school or at home, are a great way to educate kids. They are both fun and educational.
Activity One: Buy a compost (混合肥料) bin, or let making a bin be a part of the activity. Fill the bin with dried leaves, vegetable peel, newspaper and other materials that break down easily. Kids can find out how waste things break down over time.
Activity Two: You need a clear glass or plastic container, such as a soda bottle or a fish tank. Place a layer of sand at the bottom and add soil and plants. Then add enough water to make the soil wet, and cover the container tightly to ensure it is airtight (密封的). The water inside the biodome (生物馆) will continually evaporate and rain back down on the plants in the biodome.
Activity Three: The activity begins with collecting and labeling samples of water and soil from around town, which can be stored in clean food jars with the locations clearly marked on them. Kids can compare data (数据) by using pH testing strips for liquid sold in drugstores and soil-testing kits available at garden centers, and see whether acid rain (酸雨) is a problem in the area.
Activity Four: Choose a safe location, such as a pond or a garden, and go there at least one day a week for a few months. Children can keep a field journal in which they keep notes of what they see. A field guide will help them a lot. Some fun projects may include digging and collecting fossils (化石), taking photos to make a visual file and creating their own web page.
根据短文内容, 补全表格中所缺的信息。(每空一词)
Environmental Science Activities
Make a compost bin It is a great way to 1. _________ leftovers (剩饭菜) . Kids can watch 2. _________ waste things break down.
Make a biodome Prepare a glass or plastic container which is 3. _________ A biodome can also be used to watch how the 4. _________ cycles. Cover the container tightly so that there isn’t 5. _________ in it.
6. _________ on acid rain Kids can do the activity in their own 7. _________ area. Kids can use pH testing strips for liquid and soil-testing kits to 8. _________ data.
Study an ecosystem (生态系统) The natural ecosystem should be studied for several 9. _________. Kids can get 10. _________ from a field guide.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
【篇章导读】本文主要介绍了四个与保护环境有关的科学活动, 包括制作混合肥料箱、制作生物馆、检查酸雨情况和研究生态系统。通过这些活动, 孩子们既能了解到有关保护环境的知识, 又能得到乐趣。
【答案解析】
1. recycle/reuse 由第二段中的“Fill the bin with dried leaves, vegetable peel, newspaper and other materials that break down easily.”可知, 在混合肥料箱里放入干树叶、蔬菜皮、旧报纸和其他易分解的材料可以使它们被循环利用, 故填recycle或reuse。
2. how 由第二段中的“Kids can find out how waste things break down over time.”可知, 随着时间的推移, 孩子们可以仔细观察废弃物是如何分解的。
3. clear 由第三段中的“You need a clear glass or plastic container, such as a soda bottle or a fish tank.”可知, 你需要一个透明的玻璃容器或塑料容器。
4. water 第三段介绍了生物馆内的水分循环的过程, 故填water。
5. air 由第三段中的 cover the container tightly to ensure it is airtight 可知, 容器必须是密封的, 即不能让空气进入。
6. Check 由第四段第二句“Kids can compare data ... see whether acid rain is a problem in the area.”可知, 本段介绍了一个检测酸雨的科学活动。
7. living 由第四段中的 The activity begins with collecting and labeling samples of water and soil from around town 可知, 这项活动从收集和标记城镇周围的水和土壤的样本开始。由此可推知, 活动地点是孩子们的生活区域。
8. compare 由第四段的第二句可知, 孩子们可以用测试条和土壤检测工具对比数据。
9. months 由最后一段中的“Choose a safe location, such as a pond or a garden, and go there at least one day a week for a few months.”可知, 研究生态系统这个活动需要持续几个月。
10. help 由最后一段中的“A field guide will help them a lot.”可知, 一本野外指南会给孩子们提供很大的帮助。
(五)
阅读短文, 根据其内容, 补全下面表格, 每空不超过两个词。
To forgive is a virtue (美德), but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.
How should you start to forgive Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology (道歉). Many times the person who hurt you does not mean to apologize. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time. Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.
Try to see things from your offender’s angle (角度). If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. It can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.
Learn to Forgive (原谅)
Calm yourself. You can take some breaths and 1. _________ something beautiful.
Don’t wait for an apology. The person who hurt you does not mean to apologize. Remember that forgiveness does not mean it is 2. _________ to become friends again with the person who upset you.
Stay away from your offender. Learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you 3. _________ focusing on your wounded feelings.
Try to 4. ________ your offender. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. For some people, forgiving themselves is the 5. _________ challenge.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】有时候我们可能会受到伤害, 这会让我们感到愤怒或难过。那么, 如何学会宽恕别人和自己呢 本文给出了几个方法。
【答案解析】
1. think of/about 由第三段中的 You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure 可知, 我们可以深呼吸, 然后想想美好的事情。think of 意为“想起”, think about 意为“考虑”, 均符合文意。空格前面有情态动词can, 故think用原形。
2. necessary 由第四段中的“Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.”可知, 宽恕并不意味着你有必要和伤害你的人重新做朋友。结合该空前的is可知, 此处缺少形容词作表语, 故填necessary。
3. instead of 由倒数第三段中的“Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you, ”可知, 我们应该学会寻找周围的美好, 而不是总想着受伤的情绪。instead of意为“而不是”, 为固定短语。
4. understand 由倒数第二段中的If you understand your offender 可知, 我们要尽量理解冒犯自己的人。understand 意为“理解”, 且try to do sth. 为固定搭配, 故用动词原形。
5. biggest 由最后一段中的“For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.”可知, 对于有些人来说, 原谅自己才是“最大的”挑战, 故填 biggest。
(六)
Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy. Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to (符合标准) traditional gasoline cars
Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods, though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance (保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about $1. 00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about $1. 25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.
Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.
While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.
An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option (选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient (方便的) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.
There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.
Electric cars vs Gasoline cars
Introduction With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the 1. _________ standards as gasoline cars.
Similarity Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside.
2. _________ Electric cars Having fewer parts reduces the 3. _________ of their maintenance and the 4. _________ of having mechanical problems. 5. _________ with gasoline cars, electric cars are more energy-saving, making them cheaper to operate. Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally 6. _________. It 7. _________ more time for electric cars to get charged. Gasoline cars Gas cars can cover a 8. _________ distance on a full tank than electric cars on a full charge. Gas cars are more 9. _________ to power up.
Conclusion Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits, which provides people with a 10. _________.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要将电动汽车和燃油汽车的相似和不同之处进行对比。尽管它们外表上看起来很相似, 但是电动汽车保养费用低、出故障的概率低, 而且节能又环保, 但是需要花更长时间去充电。而燃油汽车跑的距离更长, 并且加油比电动汽车充电要更加方便。所以燃油汽车和电动汽车都有各自的好处。
【答案解析】
1. same根据第一段最后一句“How do these electric cars measure up to (符合标准) traditional gasoline cars ”可知, 人们想要知道这些电动汽车能否达到和燃油汽车一样的标准。故填same。
2. Differences根据表格上一行“Similarity”, 以及表格右边的“Electric cars”和“Gasoline cars”可知, 该空内容主要概括电动汽车和燃油汽车的区别。因为本空位于句首, 所以首字母大写。故填 Differences。
3. cost (s) 根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.”可知, 零部件更少能够降低保养的成本, 表示“成本”应用名词cost。结合句意可知, 本题cost单复数均可, 故填cost (s) 。
4. possibility/possibilities根据第二段最后一句“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.”可知, 零部件更少会让电动汽车保养起来更便宜, 并且出机械问题的可能性更小, 此处表示“可能性”, 所以应用名词 possibility。结合句意可知, 本题possibility单复数均可, 故填possibility/possibilities。
5. Compared根据第三段第一句“Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate.”可知, 与燃油汽车相比, 电动汽车是节能的, 这使得它们运行起来更便宜。分析句子结构可知, 空格处作状语, 表示“与·····相比”, 应用过去分词compared。因为本空位于句首, 所以首字母要大写。故填Compared。
6. friendly根据第四段“Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.”可知电动汽车没有尾气排放, 这使得它们对环境更友好。分析句子结构可知, 空格处作表语。故填friendly。
7. takes根据第六段最后一句“Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.”可知, 一旦一辆电动车到达充电站, 它可能会花多达六个小时来充电。分析句子结构可知, 本题考查句型It takes＋for sb. +to do +sth. 时间段＋for sb. +to do+sth.。结合句意可知是在陈述客观事实, 并且主语是it, 所以谓语动词用单三形式。故填takes。
8. longer根据第五段第二、三句“For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.”可知, 燃油汽车加满油能够比电动汽车行驶更长的距离。分析句子结构可知空格处作定语修饰名词distance, 表示“更长的”应用形容词longer。故填 longer。
9. convenient根据第六段第三句“And electric cars aren’t as convenient (方便的) to power up as gas cars are.”可知, 燃油汽车加油比电动汽车充电更方便。分析句子结构可知空格处作表语且被more修饰, 所以应用形容词, 表示“方便的”. 故填 convenient。
10. choice根据最后一段“There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.”可知, 电动汽车和燃油汽车各有优点, 这就给我们提供了一个选择的机会。此处表示“选择”且空前有a修饰, 应用名词choice。故填choice。
(七)
Words are the key to language. And if you want to improve your ability to speak, listen and write in English, you have to learn lots of words. Here are some ideas to help you.
1. Recording words
Important words
Some words are more important than other words. For example, the high frequency word (高频词) “rain" is very common and can be found in a number of important expressions. For example, rainbow, raincoat, rainforest, rainy, pour with rain ... Where possible, pay special attention to the high frequency words and all their associated (有关联的) forms.
Sentences
When you want to record a new word or expression, remember to write it out in an example sentence. This will give you useful information about the way the word or term is used, and the other words often associated with it. For example, a) Rain-It’s been pouring with rain. b) Raincoat-I put on my raincoat.
2. Learning words
Some words are easy to learn. For example, the English word “sofa” is similar in Chinese (sha fa). Other words are more difficult, but these ideas might help you.
Word sounds
Use the power of the similar sounds between words! For example, imagine you wanted to learn the word “whale”. Simply think of a word that sounds like “whale” in English or in your own language. Then, make a sentence with this word. For example, “The whale has a long tail.”
Funny sentences
Use the power of humour! Simply make a funny sentence with the word. This will help you remember the word more easily. For example, “William the whale was using his tail to sail the boat.”
Pictures
If you’re really having problems learning your word, draw a picture of your funny sentence. This will really help you remember it. And the funnier the picture is, the better!
Repetition (重复)
Finally, repeat the sentence many times to get it engraved (铭记) in your heart. Repetition is a fantastic way of memorizing things.
Try these methods and find your own ways to learn words and expressions.
1. _________ to learn words
Introduction You need to learn lots of words if you want to improve your English because they are the 2. _________ to language.
Ways To 3. _________ words Pay attention to the 4. _________ frequency words and their associated forms. Write a new word out in an 5. _________ sentence.
To learn words Use the power of the similar 6. _________ between words. Try to make a 7. _________ sentence with the word. 8. _________ pictures to help you remember the words. Repeat the sentence many times 9. _________ you remember it.
Conclusion Find your 10. _________ ways to learn words and expressions.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了学习单词的一些方法。例如: 通过记录高频词汇或者在一个例句中写出一个新词记录单词; 通过用相似的声音, 用这个单词造一些有趣的句子; 或用画图的方法以及不断重复句子来学习单词。
【答案解析】
1. How根据文章主要内容可知, 本文主要介绍了怎样去学习单词, 此空位于句首, 首字母应大写。故填How。
2. key根据文中第一段第一句“Words are the key to language.”可知, 是因为单词对语言来说, 非常关键, 所以如果想提高英语, 需要学习单词。故填key。
3. record根据表格右侧的两个句子, 可知这是在介绍如何记录单词, 文章中第一个小标题为“Recording words”, 不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填record。
4. high根据第二段最后一句“… pay special attention to the high frequency words and all their associated (有关联的) forms.”可知, 要特别注意高频词及其所有相关形式。故填high。
5. example根据第三段第一句“When you want to record a new word or expression, remember to write it out in an example sentence.”可知, 当你想记录一个新单词或新的表达时, 请记住将其写在例句中。故填example。
6. sounds根据第五段第一句“Use the power of the similar sounds between words!”可知, 可以利用一些单词间相似的发音来记单词。故填sounds。
7. funny根据第六段第二句“Simply make a funny sentence with the word.”可知, 我们可以用这个词造一个有趣的句子。故填funny。
8. Draw根据第七段第一、二句“If you’re really having problems learning your word, draw a picture of your funny sentence. This will really help you remember it.”可知, 画画可以帮助我们记忆单词, 参照前面的格式可知此处应用动词原形且首字母需大写。故填Draw。
9. until根据倒数第二段第一句“Finally, repeat the sentence many times to get it engraved (铭记) in your heart.”可知, 此处表示重复句子很多遍直到记住它。故填until。
10. own根据文章最后一段“Try these methods and find your own ways to learn words and expressions.”可知, 我们应尝试这些方法, 并找到自己学习单词和表达的方法。故填own。
(八)
Trash collection is a problem for Curitiba. First, the city has only one landfill. Second, its garbage trucks do not fit on some of the streets in the city’s low-income (低收入) neighborhoods. Curitiba knew the solution lay in getting everyone involved (参加).
In 1989, the city started a recycling program called Garbage That Is Not Garbage. The city set up a central recycling center for sorting (把······分类) recyclable materials, food-based and waste. Colorful cartoon characters were symbols of different kinds of recyclable materials, which could help children get to know the importance of recycling. Collection bins were the same colors as the cartoons, reinforcing (加强) the message. People made money by picking up the trash at these bins and taking it to the center for processing. Today, Curitiba claims to have the highest recycling rate of any city in the world.
C mbio Verde, the Green Exchange program, and Compra do Lixo, the Buying of Garbage program, are successful recycling programs in Curitiba. They get low-in-come residents (居民) to join in the city’s recycling program by having them transport trash from neighborhoods that are hard for garbage trucks to reach.
Depending on what they deliver, people exchange their trash for cash, food and services. Their way of life is improved, and the city is better able to manage its trash. These programs are one way Curitiba has gotten creative as a green city. It shows how involving everyone can make green living possible.
Trading in on Trash
Paragraph Main idea Supporting details
One 1. _________ for Curitiba’s trash collection problem ★There is only one landfill in Curitiba. ★2. _________ cannot reach every corner of the city.
Two Actions and influences of Garbage That Is Not Garbage ★A central recycling center 3. _________ by the government. ★Kids understood the importance of recycling better. ★Curitiba’s recycling rate is pretty high.
Three Cambio Verde’s and Compra do Lixo’s ways of involving low-income residents ★They make low-income residents 4. _________ from their neighborhoods to certain places.
Four Results of recycling programs and conclusion ★People’s way of life is improved. ★Curitiba can manage its trash better. in making green ★Everyone 5. _________ living possible.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了库里提巴这个城市在垃圾分类过程中出现的问题以及解决方案。
【答案解析】
1. Reasons/The reasons/Two reasons根据第一段中“First ... Second ...”可知是介绍出现垃圾收集问题的原因。
2. Garbage trucks根据第一段第三句“Second, its garbage trucks do not fit on some of the streets in the city’s low-income (低收人) neighborhoods.”可知有些社区街道垃圾车进不去。
3. was set up根据第二段第二句“The city set up a central recycling center for sorting (把······分类) recyclable materials ...”可知是政府建立的。
4. transport trash根据第三段最后一句“They get low-in-come residents (居民) to join in the city’s recycling program by having them transport trash from neighborhoods ...”可知答案。
5. can make a difference/can play a role根据最后一段最后一句“ ... everyone can make green living possible.”可知答案。根据语境和空后的in可知此句可转换为每个人都可以在创建绿色生活中发挥作用 (扮演角色)。
(九)
Noisy neighbors are a common problem in a society where many people live closely together. And this can be most important when you share walls, floors or ceilings with neighbors in a flat. A noisy neighbor can make life challenging, especially if noise goes well into night, or happens during early morning hours. This situation needs to be dealt with properly, which requires your ability to keep calm.
You should first try to tell your noisy neighbors about the noise. This conversation should be polite, even friendly. It can begin with a statement like “I am not sure you are aware”, explain the problem in an honest way, and ask the neighbor to turn down the music, or not to hold parties until 3 a. m. You can also add that you realize they hear your noise too, and you are certainly willing to try to stop anything in your behavior that is creating extra noise.
You should know that not all neighbors are going to follow your requirement, and some may act in a bad manner. If the noisy neighbors don’t change their behavior, the next step should be to write the neighbors a letter. The letter should show your grievances (不满) and the dates when the noise was quite terrible. For example, if your neighbor has loud gatherings every Friday night that last into the early morning, then write down those dates.
When the noise remains going on, you should report it to local authorities (权力部门) , or even the police department, when it is really necessary. Often, however, the problem is solved when the noisy neighbor knows you are going to call the police.
Do be aware that you cannot always require noisy neighbors to be quiet. When the noise remains going on, it is wise not to deal with it in an angry or retaliatory (报复性的) fashion. If you have completed the steps and letter, don’t start hitting walls or floors around in your home or turning up the music to make your neighbors angry. Just have patience and remember that communication is the most important.
Introduction A noisy neighbor makes life challenging, but the problem needs to be dealt with 1. __________
2. __________ 3. _________with your neighbors Start the conversation with politeness. Explain the problem 4. __________ , and ask the neighbor to reduce noise. Admit (承认) that you make noise too, and promise not to 5. __________your neighbor any more.
Writing letters Some neighbors won’t 6. __________your requirement or change their behavior. Show your grievances and the 7. __________when the noise was quite terrible.
Reporting to local authorities If the noise 8. __________, you should report it to local authorities when really necessary. Usually, the problem will be 9. __________when the noisy neighbor knows you will call the police.
Conclusion Don’t deal with the problem in an angry or retaliatory fashion. Keep 10. __________and try to talk with your neighbors.
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ 9. _________ 10. _________
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们如果邻居经常制造噪音, 可以通过哪些方式来处理。最重要的是需要礼貌友好的沟通, 在万不得已的情况下可以报警。在日常生活中, 我们要时刻注意自己的行为是否会给他人造成困扰, 做一个为他人着想、体谅他人情绪的人。
【答案解析】
1. properly根据第一段最后一句“This situation needs to be dealt with properly, which requires your ability to keep calm.”可知, 这种情况需要恰当地处理. 故填properly。
2. Methods/Ways表格将文章分成了三部分, 第一部分是“Introduction”总体介绍, 第三部分是“Conclusion”总结, 根据“Communicating with your neighbors”“Writing letters”和“Reporting to local authorities”可知在空缺的第二部分中提供了三种解决该问题的方式。故填 Methods/Ways。
3. Communicating根据表格中的“Writing letters”和“Reporting to local authorities”可知, 该空也是一种解决方式, 由第二段第一句“You should first try to tell your noisy neighbors about the noise.”可知, 这里告诉我们首先要和吵闹的邻居沟通。故填 Communicating。
4. honestly根据第二段第四句“Explain the problem in an honest way, and ask the neighbor to turn down the music, or not to hold parties until 3 a.m.”可知, 用诚恳的方式说明问题, 此处修饰动词应用副词形式。故填honestly。
5. bother根据第二段最后一句“You can also add that you realize they hear your noise too, and you are certainly willing to try to stop anything in your behavior that is creating extra noise.”可知, 你还可以补充说, 你意识到他们也听到了你的噪音, 你当然愿意努力停止造成额外的噪音的任何行为, 此处表达需要向邻居表示你也不会打扰到他。故填bother。
6. follow根据第三段第一句“You should know that not all neighbors are going to follow your requirement, and some may act in a bad manner.”可知, 并不是所有邻居都会遵从你的要求, 有些人可能会做出不好的行为。故填follow。
7. dates根据第三段倒数第二句“The letter should show your grievances (不满) and the dates when the noise was quite terrible.”可知, 这封信需要表达你的不满和噪音特别严重时的日期。故填dates。
8. continues根据第四段第一句“When the noise remains going on, you should report it to local authorities (权力部门) , or even the police department, when it is really necessary.”可知, 当噪音还在持续, 非常必要时你应该向当地权力部门或警察局举报。故填continues。
9. solved根据第四段最后一句“Often, however, the problem is solved when the noisy neighbor knows you are going to call the police.”可知, 当吵闹的邻居知道你要报警时, 通常问题就被解决了。故填solved。
10. patient根据最后一段最后一句“Just have patience and remember that communication is the most important.”可知, 要有耐心, 并且沟通是最重要的。故填patient。
(十)
Good readers often use a flowchart (流程图) or webs (网状图) to have a better picture of what they read (see the drawings on the right) .
A flowchart is used to put events in a certain order. Webs show a main idea and supporting details (细节) .
Now try to be a good reader and finish the following TWO tasks.
Task 1: Read Passage 1 and complete the flowchart.
Passage 1: I spent the whole day with Bob today. In the morning, we went shopping but we bought nothing. In the afternoon, we went to a pet shop. Then we played computer games at home. Bob stayed for dinner with our family. We had great fun. (
had dinner
) (
2
.
___________
) (
went to a pet shop
) (
1.
___________
)
Task 2: Read Passage 2 and complete the webs.
Passage 2: Students have different opinions about doing housework. Some students think it’s good for them to learn to look after themselves. Besides, they can learn to do their part in the family. However, others don’t agree. They think they should save the time on housework for learning their lessons. (
different opinions about
doing housework
) (
disagree
) (
3.
___________
) (
5.
__________
time for learning
) (
learn to do their part
) (
learn to 4.
___________
)
1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________
【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了两种常用的类似思维导图的图片记事方法－流程图和网状图。
【答案解析】
1. went shopping根据Passage 1中的第二句“In the morning, we went shopping but we bought nothing.”可知答案。 故填 went shopping。
2. played computer games根据Passage 1中的第四句 “Then we played computer games at home.”可知答案。故填played computer games。
3. agree根据Passage 2中的网状图可推测, 关于“做家务”有agree和disagree 两种观点。故填agree。
4. look after themselves根据 Passage 2中的第二句“Some students think it’s good for them to learn to look after themselves.”可知答案。故填 look after themselves。
5. save, 根据Passage 2中的最后一句“They think they should save the time on housework for learning their lessons.”可知答案。故填save。
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