绝密★启用前
眉山七中冠城实高2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中考试
英语 （学科）
满分： 150 考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Who is Carol
A. Jack’s friend. B. Jack's mother. C. Jack’s aunt.
2. What is the weather like today
A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At the woman's home. B. In a science museum. C. At a gallery.
4. Why can't the woman attend the birthday party
A. Her family member is visiting.
B. She is going out of town.
C. She is seriously ill.
5. What does the woman offer to do for the man
A. Make juice for him. B. Buy him yogurt. C. Shop with him.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many people are there in the car
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Save homeless dogs. B. Buy some dog food. C. Pick up their friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What color is Ashley's jacket
A. Blue. B. Brown. C. Yellow.
9. Where did the man find Ashley
A. At the entrance. B. Next to the toys. C. In the clothing department.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How did the man feel about the ending of the TV show
A. Joyful. B. Comfortable. C. Dissatisfied.
11. What change did the man make to his TV
A. The color. B. The sound. C. The brightness.
12. What would the woman prefer to do in the future
A. See films. B. Read storybooks. C. Watch TV series.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Sleep. B. Music. C. Weather.
14. Why could the man sleep well last night
A. The weather was fine.
B. He felt tired during the day.
C. Classical music helped him sleep.
15. Which floor does the woman live on
A. The 1st floor. B. The 25th floor. C. The 50th floor.
16. Which hotel does the man recommend
A. The one by the TV station.
B. The one opposite the city park.
C. The one near the National Library.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did Ford's father want him to be
A. An engineer. B. A driver. C. A farmer.
18. What made Ford cars cheaper
A. The production line. B. The materials used. C. The lower quality.
19. Who could afford Ford cars in America
A. The middle class.
B. Only the upper class.
C. Very few engineers.
20. What percentage of the cars in America were the Model Ts in 1918
A. Under 15%. B. About 40%. C. Over 50%.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Flats to Rent in London
1-bedroom flat
Cowbridge Lane, Barking
1,000 per month/ 231 per week
Primelodge Estates are pleased to offer for letting this newly redecorated 1-bedroom flat on the ground floor located minutes from Barking station and local facilities.
Tel: 020 8012 5113
2-bedroom flat
Pierhead Lock, Canary Wharf, London, E14
1,980 per month/ 457 per week
Long let. Located next to the Thames and with 2 circular balconies. to relax upon, this wonderful 2-bedroom flat is good sized and has natural light throughout. Benefits include a modern kitchen, a utility room (杂用间) and a bathroom.
Tel: 020 8012 6728
3-bedroom flat
Boulevard Drive, Colindale, London, NW9
3,467 per month/ 800 per week
Zero deposit available. Long let. This amazing 3-bedroom apartment is located on the 7th floor of a modem apartment building with comfortable accommodation throughout, a large private balcony and access to the gym and swimming pool.
Tel :020 8012 6803
4-bedroom flat
Oakwood Court, 101 Pinner Road, Harrow, HA1
4,290 per month/ 1,100 per week
A well presented, newly decorated and bright 4-bedroom flat in this small, well looked after block. It is located by a park with many trees, where you can see many citizens running along the park paths when the sun rises. The flat offers free parking, too.
Tel :020 8012 2188.
21．Which flat has an easy access to a station
A．The flat in Cowbridge Lane. B．The flat in Pierhead Lock.
C．The flat in Boulevard Drive. D．The flat in Oakwood Court.
22．What do the 2-bedroom flat and the 3-bedroom flat have in common
A．Both offer free parking. B．Both require ‘no deposit.
C．Both are newly redecorated. D．Both can be rented for a long time.
23．Which number should you call if you like exercising in the morning
A．020 8012 2188. B．020 8012 5113. C．020 8012 6728. D．020 8012 6803.
B
Jerral Hancock was badly injured in Irag. He was paralyzed (瘫痪的) from the chest down and lost his left arm. When he returned home from war, Jerral struggled with post-traumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍), a brain injury, and limited use of his right arm. His mother and stepfather lived across the street from him and stepped up to help. His wife had left him and their two small children.
“Life has to go on,” Jerral said.
Jamie and her students heard about his situation. The kids had a great idea: They would raise money to build a disabled-friendly house. With their teacher’s help, the students launched Operation All the Way Home, or OAWH the next month. To raise money, they ran fund raisers, hosted bake sales, and conducted yard sales. As word spread about OAWH, donations poured in from other military veterans (老兵) and the public.
Later, OAWH got a surprise call from actor Gary Sinise, who is well known for his generosity, offering to donate $60,000.
Jerral’s new home has four bedrooms, two bathrooms, and automatic (自动的) doors, lights that he can control with an iPad. It was large enough for Jerral and his family.
The students opened the finished house in a 300-person ceremony on May 29, Jerral’s 29th birthday. Jerral wheeled pasta long line of OAWH student members welcoming him to his new house.
“I was so happy that we met our goal,” said Kimberly Castano, 19, a former OAWH member, “but more excited that Jerral could move in.”
On the eighth anniversary of his injuries, Jerral was finally home. “I am honored that so many people came together to make it possible,” he said.
24．Who might Jerral live with after he returned from Iraq
A．His mother. B．His children. C．His wife. D．His stepfather.
25．What did the students decide to do to help Jerral
A．Send him to a hospital. B．Look after him in turn.
C．Build a special house. D．Raise money to cure his disease.
26．Which of the following can best describe Gary Sinise
A．Brave and loving. B．Wealthy and active.
C．Famous and modest. D．Kind-hearted and generous.
27．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Happiness in Time of Peace B．A Class Project Full of Love
C．Students Waiting for Support D．Injured Veterans in Need of Help
C
Away from the bright lights of the city, if you look up at the night sky you will see an ocean of bright stars. But in the illuminated (灯火通明的) concrete (混凝土) jungles we humans have built ourselves, it’s a different story.
This year, Earth Hour was observed on March 26. The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change. Those celebrating turn off all their electrical appliances (家用电器) for one hour. It also draws attention to another serious problem that the world is currently facing — the threat of light pollution.
Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal (夜间的) animals. These creatures rely on the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate (协调) their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate (使……失去方向感) the animals and harm their physical health. “Wildlife species have evolved on this planet with biological rhythms — changing that has profound effects,” said Travis Longcore, a biogeographer with the Urban Wildlands Group in Los Angeles, US. A lack of darkness at night can also cause difficulties for animals in other ways.
Newly hatched (孵化) baby sea turtles rely on the brighter horizon over the ocean to guide them from the beach to the sea. However, with artificial lights next to the oceans, the small animals are easily led away from the right path. “Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl (爬行) inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn (黎明), when predators (天敌) or birds get them,” said Michael Salmon, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.
Artificial light has caused a “drastic (激烈的) change” to the natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. “Predators use light to hunt, and prey (猎物) species use darkness as cover,” Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.
28．Why was Earth Hour created
A．To raise awareness of air pollution.
B．To call on people to get closer to nature.
C．To draw public attention to environmental issues.
D．To reconsider the necessity of electrical appliances.
29．How does light pollution affect nocturnal animals
A．It slows their evolution.
B．It changes their sleep cycles.
C．It lessens their dependence on the sun.
D．It reduces their difficulties caused by darkness.
30．What does them refer to in the paragraph 4
A．baby sea turtles B．predators C．birds D．artificial lights
31．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．The controversy over artificial lights.
B．Animals that benefit from artificial lights.
C．The impact of artificial lights on ecosystems.
D．The dangers of an imbalance in the ecosystem.
D
A joint research team recently have developed a new electronic skin that is similar to human skin in strength, durability (耐用性) and sensitivity. The skin or e-skin may play an important role in next- generation personalized medicine, soft robotics and artificial intelligence.
“The ideal e-skin will mimic (模仿) the many natural functions of human skin, such as sensing temperature and touch, accurately and in real time,” says leading researcher Yichen Cai. However, making suitably flexible electronics that can perform such delicate tasks while also used repeatedly is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered.
Most e-skins are made by putting an active sensor on the surface that attaches to human skin. However, the connection between them is often too weak, which reduces the durability and sensitivity of the material; otherwise, if it is too strong, it won’t be flexible enough, making it more likely to break the circuit.
“The landscape of skin electronics keeps shifting at a remarkable pace,” says Cai. “The discovery of 2D sensors has accelerated efforts to turn these quite thin but strong materials into functional, durable artificial skins.”
The new man-made skin built by the researchers could sense objects from 20 centimeters away. It could further make a quick response when touched in less than one tenth of a second. “It is a striking achievement for an e-skin to maintain toughness after repeated use,” said Yichen, “which mimics the softness and rapid recovery of human skin.”
This type of e-skin could monitor a range of biological information, such as changes in blood pressure, which can be detected from movements of arms and legs. This data can then be shared and stored on the cloud via Wi-Fi.
“One remaining problem to the widespread use of e-skins lies in mass production of high-resolution sensors,” adds group leader Vincent Tung, “However, the latest technology offers new promise.”
32．What promotes the development of a new e-skin
A．Investment in education. B．Research into human skin.
C．Advance in medical science. D．The discovery of 2D sensors.
33．Which statement is true about the new e-skin
A．It’s quite hard and tough. B．It’s flexible and sensitive.
C．It can store information. D．It can adjust blood pressure.
34．What may be talked about in the following paragraph
A．Other problems of the new e-skin.
B．Wide applications of the new e-skin in many areas.
C．The process of producing high-resolution sensors on a large scale.
D．The technology boosting high-resolution sensors’ mass production.
35．What is the best title for the text
A．A Breakthrough in Hi-tech B．Man-made Skin, Improved
C．E-skin, a Promising Business D．The Widespread Use of E-skin
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People say water can improve health and memory. But now some experts say that to think drinking water equals health is taking things too far and that hydration(水合作用）is about the balance between electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and the water in your body.
Then. how much water do you need to drink Many say you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Not so, some experts say. ___36___ A 200-pound person who hikes 10 miles in the heat needs more water than a 120-pound office manager in a temperature-controlled building.
___37___ Someone with a heart condition or kidney stones has one level of need. A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药）may need a different amount of water.You may need to change the amount you are drinking if you lave been ill with vomiting or diarrhea.
Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.___38___One popular idea is that caffeine or alcohol will make your body lose much water. But one study showed the effect is not significant.You also get water from what you eat. Fruits, vegetables, and soups all add to the intake of water. Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough. You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.___39___
Electrolytes are essential minerals. ___40___ Some sports drinks ads say you need to add electrolytes to stay healthy. But some experts say that your body produces electrolytes. You may need more water if you exercise a lot during the heat of the day. Otherwise, most people get enough electrolytes from food.
A．Just drink then you are thirsty.
B．They are vital to many functions in the body
C．It gives you more energy and makes you look good.
D．Instead, your body and the activities you attend matter.
E．It is also necessary to set a timetable about when to drink water.
F．The amount of water you need in a day also depends on your health.
G．But when it comes to hydration, any drink can add water to your system.
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
Every time I take time off with my family, I tend to reflect on how technology has impacted our lives. It’s when we try to ____41____ the technology that we realize just how much we have ____42____ it. What happens when we have to ____43____ our own imagination and mind when there is no technology If you ever stood in a long line and ____44____ went for your phone, you know what I am talking about.
When my family and I go on a trip together, it usually takes a few days for my kids to finally ____45____the fact that they have to let go of their electronic devices. They go through a withdrawal period (戒断期) where Mom is “the worst” for expecting them to go a few days without 46 . I need to be 47 here. I am writing about my kids but the 48 is that I 49 withdrawals as well. I find myself having to use all my willpower just to 50 looking at emails.
It has become a(n) 51 that vacation time is quality family time and when we are together, there are no 52 . When vacation mode sets in, it becomes easier to 53 the technology and enjoy the moment. My children start to share stories and we find ourselves having fun just spending quality time together. 54 , it always surprises me how quickly we 55 to our regular routine once the 56 is over. It becomes part of my 57 once I am back at work to have the phone beside me at all times.
Do you use technology as a tool to improve productivity or communicate and connect Or, has technology become a(n) 58 that contributes to devaluing ( 贬值) “real life” 59 with the people right in front of you
So, spend 60 time with your loved ones and become engaged in the moment.
41．A．dream of B．show off C．shut off D．major in
42．A．referred to B．commented on C．learned from D．depended on
43．A．share B．simplify C．face D．develop
44．A．properly B．secretly C．informally D．instantly
45．A．present B．accept C．check D．discover
46．A．games B．homework C．difficulties D．help
47．A．flexible B．honest C．confident D．brave
48．A．rule B．plan C．truth D．reward
49．A．experience B．predict C．replace D．permit
50．A．risk B．avoid C．imagine D．consider
51．A．tradition B．instruction C．contribution D．motivation
52．A．disagreements B．emergencies C．electronics D．competitions
53．A．test B．recognize C．improve D．forget
54．A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．However D．Besides
55．A．return B．adapt C．react D．complain
56．A．work B．meeting C．holiday D．relationship
57．A．fun B．solution C．reason D．routine
58．A．condition B．addiction C．standard D．honor
59．A．connections B．lessons C．chances D．suggestions
60．A．local B．limited C．long D．quality
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The five interlocked Olympic rings have become fairly familiar at this point. But do you know what they mean and the story behind their 61 (create)
The 1912 Olympic Games, held in Sweden, were the first to include athletes from___62___were then considered the five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and America. 63 (inspire) by what had become a 64 (true) global event, Coubertin designed the symbol of the Games: the Olympic rings. Since 1920, the Olympic rings 65 (use) in every summer and winter Games.
Given what we know about colors and their many symbolic___66___(mean), it seems like it’d be safe to assume that each color featured in the Olympic rings would stand 67 something specific, like a continent. 68 in reality, that’s not the case at all. Coubertin___69___(choose) the six official Olympic colors——blue, yellow, black, green, red and white (featured in the background)——because when he introduced the symbol in 1913, every single flag of the nations 70 (participate) in the games could be reproduced using the colors in the Olympic symbol. Or, in his own words: “The six colors thus combined reproduce those of all nations without exception.”
71．短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Good morning, everyone. It is my honor to stand here and share with something about traveling. Which I’d like to convey is that to travel is also to learn. Take my journey to Xi’an for example. Previous, I did learn something about the city from books and TV programs. Therefore, I didn’t know what wonderful it was until I was there in person. When traveling, we can feel the surrounding with our own eyes, noses and so on, thus broaden our horizons. The picture taken on the Great Wall is good reminder of my happy days when I stay in Xi’an. So everyone, seize every chance or you will start an amazing journey to learn.
72．作文
请根据以下内容提示写一篇短文，阐述水在人们生活中的重要性以及如何解决缺水问题。
没有水，人与动植物怎么办？
缺水问题越来越严重。原因有人口增长、工农业的发展、污染等。
应采取措施解决缺水问题；充分利用；避免污染；净化雨水或海水。
参考词汇：净化purify；缺水water shortage；污染pollute/pollution；采取措施take measures;
注意：1. 短文要包括以上要点；
不要逐字逐条翻译，可以适当增加细节；
词数120词左右。参考答案：
1-5：CBCAB 6-10 BACBC 11-15 BAACB 16-20 ACAAC
21．A 22．D 23．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了几则公寓出租的广告信息。
21．细节理解题。该题目问，哪套房子靠近车站，第一则广告中“located minutes from Barking station and local facilities.”可知，这套房子距离Barking station几分钟路程，结合“1 -bedroom flat Cowbridge Lane, Barking”。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。该题目问这两套房子的共同之处。由第二则广告中的“Long let.”与第三则广告中的“Long let.”可知，两室的公寓和三室的公寓都是长期出租的（let 出租）。故选D项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is located by a park with many trees, where you can see many citizens running along the park paths when the sun rises.”可知四室的那套公寓位于公园附近，适宜晨练，其联系电话“Tel :020 8012 2188”。故选A项。
24．B 25．C 26．D 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述学生们发起了一项爱心活动，成功地帮助了一名残疾的退伍老兵的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“His mother and stepfather lived across the street from him and stepped up to help. His wife had left him and their two small children.”（他的母亲和继父住在街对面，前去帮助他。他的妻子离开了他和他们两个年幼的孩子。）可知，Jerral Hancock是和他的孩子一起居住，故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The kids had a great idea: They would raise money to build a disabled-friendly house.”（孩子们想到了一个好主意：他们要筹款建造一个适合于残疾人的房子。）可知，孩子们为了帮助Jerral，要筹钱给他建造一栋特殊的房子。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Later, OAWH got a surprise call from actor Gary Sinise, who is well known for his generosity, offering to donate $60,000.”（后来，OAWH收到了一个惊喜的电话，来自以慷慨著称的演员加里·西尼斯，他提供了6万美元的捐款。）可知，Gary Sinise是一名善良的和慷慨的捐赠者。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章讲述的是学生们通过发起爱心捐款活动帮助一名残疾老兵建造房屋的故事。根据文章最后一段“On the eighth anniversary of his injuries, Jerral was finally home. “I am honored that so many people came together to make it possible,” he said.”（在受伤八周年的时候，Jerral终于回到了家。他说：“我很荣幸有这么多人共同努力，让这一切成为可能。”）可知，老兵在学生们的帮助下，终于住在了方便和宽敞的房子里。故文章的主旨是：一个充满爱的班级项目。故选B。
28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创立“地球一小时”不仅提高了人们对气候变化的认识，还引起了人们对另一个严重问题的关注——光污染的威胁，光污染不仅改变了动物的睡眠周期，而且还会导致生态系统失衡。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change.(2007年，世界野生动物基金会在澳大利亚悉尼创立了这个年度传统日，旨在提高人们对气候变化的认识。)”可知，创立“地球一小时”是为了引起公众对环境问题的关注。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These creatures rely on the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate (协调) their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate (使……失去方向感) the animals and harm their physical health. (这些生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠周期。当人造建筑物持续发出的亮光打乱了这种状态时，就会使动物失去方向感，危害它们的身体健康。)”可知，生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠，而光污染打乱了这种状态，从而改变了动物的睡眠周期，故选B。
30．指代猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Newly hatched (孵化) baby sea turtles rely on the brighter horizon over the ocean to guide them from the beach to the sea. However, with artificial lights next to the oceans, the small animals are easily led away from the right path. Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn, when predators or birds get them,(刚孵化出来的小海龟依靠海洋上方明亮的地平线，将它们从海滩带到大海。然而，在海洋旁的人造灯光下，这些小动物很容易偏离正确的路线。刚孵化出来的幼崽被灯光吸引，爬向内陆，或者漫无目的地沿着海滩爬行，有时候直到黎明，直到被捕食者或鸟类捕获)”可知，刚孵化出来的小海龟被海洋旁的人造灯光所吸引，导致他门爬向内陆或者漫无目的地爬行，这导致它们被捕食者或者鸟类所捕捉，由此可知，“them”代指上文提到的刚孵化的海龟，故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Artificial light has caused a “drastic (激烈的) change” to the natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. “Predators use light to hunt, and prey (猎物) species use darkness as cover,” Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.(研究科学家Christopher Kyba告诉国际暗天协会，人造光已经给动物的自然环境带来了“巨大的变化”。“捕食者利用光线捕食，而猎物物种利用黑暗作为掩护，”Kyba解释说。如果食肉动物在捕捉猎物方面有这样的额外优势，这会导致生态系统的失衡，因为被捕猎的物种在过度捕猎时，不再能够维持其数量。)”可知，本段主要讲了人造光对生态系统的影响，即导致生态系统失衡，故选C。
32．D 33．B 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一个联合研究小组最近开发了一种新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似，这种新的电子皮肤有望大量生产。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段“The discovery of 2D sensors has accelerated efforts to turn these quite thin but strong materials into functional, durable artificial skins. (2D传感器的发现加快了将这些非常薄但坚固的材料变成功能性、耐用的人造皮肤的努力)”可知，2D传感器的发现促进了新型电子皮肤的发展。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段“A joint research team recently have developed a new electronic skin that is similar to human skin in strength, durability (耐用性) and sensitivity.(最近，联合研究小组开发出了在强度、耐久性、敏感性等方面与人类皮肤相似的新型电子皮肤)”可知，这种电子皮肤与人类皮肤一样灵活而敏感。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段““One remaining problem to the widespread use of e-skins lies in mass production of high-resolution sensors,” adds group leader Vincent Tung, “however, the latest technology offers new promise.”(“电子皮肤广泛应用的一个遗留问题是高分辨率传感器的大规模生产，”小组负责人Vincent Tung补充说，“然而，最新技术提供了新的前景。” )”可推知，因为新技术让电子皮肤大规模生产变得可能，所以下面几段可能会讨论大规模生产高分辨率传感器的新技术。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A joint research team recently have developed a new electronic skin that is similar to human skin in strength, durability (耐用性) and sensitivity.(一个联合研究小组最近开发了一种新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似)”可知，新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似，在新技术的支持下，有希望大量生产。由此可知，本文最好的标题是B项“Man-made Skin, Improved (人造改良皮肤)”。故选B。
36．D 37．F 38．G 39．A 40．B
【分析】本文为议论文，首先提出两个关于水的不同观点：饮水能改善健康状况与记忆；饮水并不等同于健康，水合作用是体内电解质与水的平衡。然后从四方面对后者展开论证。
36．根据空前“how much water do you need to drink ”引出本段话题：你需要喝多少水。然后提出许多人对此的看法，并被专家否定了。后面对比不同人的需水量，说明了体重及其进行的活动不同，需水量不同，故选D项。
37．从空后“heart condition”“ kidney stones”(肾结石)“ A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药)”“ vomiting or diarrhea”(呕吐或腹泻)可看出，该段主要在说需水量与个人身体健康状况有关，此空为该段的主旨句，故选F项。
38．根据空后“You also get water from what you eat.”该句表明人们可以从吃的事物中获取水，其中“also”，说明前面已经提出了一个人体中水的来源，G项“any drink can add water to your system.”符合要求，且与第一句“Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.”连贯，“any drink”与“sugary sodas or fruit juices”对应，故选G项。
39．根据空前“Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough.”(你的身体会告诉你体内的水是否充足。)“You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.”(你不必思考这个问题也不必增加喝水量。)你口渴的时候就是身体在给你信号，所以你在这个时候喝水就可以了，不必专门去考虑体内的水是否充足，A项符合，故选A项。
40．根据空后“add electrolytes to stay healthy”表明电解质有利健康，说明电解质在人体内有重要作用，B项符合，“They”对应“Electrolytes”，“vital”对应“essential”，故选B项。
41．C 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．C 55．A 56．C 57．D 58．B 59．A 60．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍的是科技对人们生活的影响，呼吁人们和你爱的人共度美好时光，享受当下。
41．考查动词短词义语辨析。句意：当我们试图关闭技术时，我们才意识到我们是多么依赖它。A. dream of梦想；B. show off炫耀；C. shut off关闭；D. major in主修。根据上文中的“Every time I take time off with my family, I tend to reflect on how technology has impacted our lives.”可知，与家人休假时，试图“关闭”手机。故选C项。
42．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们试图关闭技术时，我们才意识到我们是多么依赖它。A. referred to参考；B. commented on对……评论；C. learned from从……学习；D. depended on依靠。根据上文中的“very time I take time off with my family, I tend to reflect on how technology has impacted our lives.”可知，此处体现技术对我们生活的影响，作者反思我们对科技的“依赖”有多大。故选D项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在没有科技的情况下，当我们不得不面对自己的想象和思想时，会发生什么 A. share分享；B. simplify简化；C. face面对；D. develop开发。根据下文中的“when there is no technology ”可知，没有技术的时候，我们如何“面对”自己的思想呢。故选C项。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你曾经站在长长的队伍里，然后立刻去拿手机，你就知道我在说什么了。A. properly恰当地；B. secretly神秘地；C. informally非正式地；D. instantly立刻。结合生活实际，根据上文中“If you ever stood in a long line”以及下文“went for your phone”可知，此处指的是在排队时，我们会“立刻”取出手机。故选D项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和家人一起去旅行时，我的孩子们通常要过几天才能最终接受他们必须放弃电子设备的事实。A. present提交，提出；B. accept接受；C. check检查；D. discover发现。根据上文中的“When my family and I go on a trip together, it usually takes a few days for my kids”以及下文中的“that they have to let go of their electronic devices.”可知， 家庭一起出游时，孩子们要“接受”没有电子产品的事实需要好几天。故选B项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们经历了一段戒断期，妈妈是“最糟糕的”，因为她希望他们几天不玩游戏。A. games游戏；B. homework作业；C. difficulties困难；D. help帮助。根据上文中的“that they have to let go of their electronic devices.”可知，此处指的是没有“游戏”。故选A项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我得说实话。A. flexible 灵活的；B. honest诚实的；C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文中的“I find myself having to use all my willpower just to ____10____ looking at emails.”可知，作者说实话，承认自己跟孩子一样靠意志力控制不查看邮件。故选B项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写的是我的孩子，但事实是我也经历过退缩。A. rule规则；B. plan计划；C. truth真相；D. reward奖励。根据下文中的“that I ____9____ withdrawals as well.”可知，事实上，作者也有过戒断期。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写的是我的孩子，但事实是我也经历过退缩。A. experience经历；B. predict预测；C. replace取代；D. permit允许。根据上文中的“They go through a withdrawal period (戒断期)”以及空后的as well可知，此处指的是作者也“经历”过戒断期。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己不得不动用所有的意志力来避免看邮件。A. risk冒险；B. avoid避免；C. imagine想象；D. consider考虑。结合语境以及上文中的“I find myself having to use all my willpower”可知，作者用意志“避免”自己去看邮件。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经成为一种传统，假期时间是优质的家庭时间，当我们在一起的时候，没有电子产品。A. tradition传统；B. instruction指导，说明；C. contribution贡献；D. motivation动机。根据下文中的“vacation time is quality family time and when we are together, there are no ____12____ .”可知，假期家人在一起享受有质量的家庭时光对作者来说，已经成为一种“传统”。故选A项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经成为一种传统，假期时间是优质的家庭时间，当我们在一起的时候，没有电子产品。A. disagreements不一致；B. emergencies紧急状况；C. electronics电子；D. competitions比赛。根据上文中的“they have to let go of their electronic devices.”可知，此处指的是家人在一起时，没有“电子设备”。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当度假模式开始时，人们更容易忘记科技，享受当下。A. test测试；B. recognize识别；C. improve改善；D. forget忘记。根据上文中的“When vacation mode sets in”以及下文中的“and enjoy the moment.”可知，假期模式开启，大家在一起享受时光，“忘记”科技。故选D项。
54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，让我惊讶的是，一旦假期结束，我们很快就回到了正常的生活。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据下文中的“it always surprises me how quickly we ____15____ to our regular routine once the ____16____ is over.”可知，上文与家人在一起享受快乐时光，作者惊讶于自己的变化，所以此处与上文的内容为转折关系。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，让我惊讶的是，一旦假期结束，我们很快就回到了正常的生活。A. return归还；B. adapt适应；C. react作出回应；D. complain抱怨。根据下文中的“once I am back at work to have the phone beside me at all times.”可知，此处指的是“回归”到正常的生活。故选A项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，让我惊讶的是，一旦假期结束，我们很快就回到了正常的生活。A. work工作；B. meeting会议；C. holiday假期；D. relationship关系。根据下文中的“once I am back at work to have the phone beside me at all times.”可知，回去工作，意味着“假期”结束。故选C项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦我回到工作岗位，随时把手机放在身边就成了我日常生活的一部分。A. fun趣事；B. solution解决方法；C. reason理由；D. routine常规。根据上文中的“it always surprises me how quickly we ____15____ to our regular routine once the ____16____ is over.”可知，假期接受，我们很快回到常规生活，手机在身边又成为“常规生活”的一部分。故选D项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者，技术已经成为一种上瘾，导致你与你面前的人的“现实生活”联系贬值？A. condition条件；B. addiction上瘾；C. standard标准；D. honor荣耀。根据下文“that contributes to devaluing( 贬值)“real life” ____19____ with the people right in front of you ”中的“devaluating “real life””可知，此处为技术“上瘾”造成的结果。故选B项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者，技术已经成为一种上瘾，导致你与你面前的人的“现实生活”联系贬值？A. connections关系；B. lessons课；C. chances机会；D. suggestions建议。根据上文中的“Do you use technology as a tool to improve productivity or communicate and connect ”可知，此处指的是使得与你面前的人的“关系”贬值。故选A项。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，和你爱的人共度美好时光，享受当下吧。A. local当地的；B. limited有限的；C. long长的；D. quality优质的。根据上文中的“It has become a(n) ____11____ that vacation time is quality family time and when we are together, there are no ____12____ .”可知，作者呼吁人们享受当下有“质量”的好时光。故选D项。
61．creation 62．what 63．Inspired 64．truly 65．have been used 66．meanings 67．for 68．But 69．chose 70．participating
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了奥运五环的来历和选择蓝、黄、黑、绿、红和白六种颜色的原因。
41．考查名词。句意：但你知道它们的含义和它们诞生背后的故事吗 根据句意和空格前的介词behind以及所给动词create分析句子可知，空格处应该填入create的名词形式creation作宾语。故填creation。
42．考查连接代词。句意：1912年在瑞典举行的奥运会，是第一次有来自当时被认为是五大洲：非洲、亚洲、欧洲、大洋洲和美洲的运动员参加的奥运会。根据句意和空格前的介词from分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个宾语从句，该宾语从句缺少主语，且意义为“……事物”，所以应该用连接代词what。故填what。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：受这一真正的全球盛会的启发，顾拜旦设计了奥运会的标志：奥林匹克五环。根据句意和所给动词inspire分析句子可知，空格处只能用inspire的非谓语形式作状语，因为动词inspire和句子的主语Coubertin之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词inspired作状语。故填Inspired。
44．考查副词。句意：受这一真正的全球盛会的启发，顾拜旦设计了奥运会的标志：奥林匹克五环。根据句意和所给形容词true以及空格后的global分析句子可知，空格处应该填入true的副词形式truly作状语，修饰后面的global。故填truly。
45．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：从1920年开始，奥林匹克五环开始在每年的夏季和冬季奥运会上使用。根据句意和所给动词use分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由时间状语since 1920可知，该句子应该用现在完成时；句子的主语the Olympic rings和动词use之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；主语the Olympic rings是复数形式，所以谓语动词也应该用复数形式。故填have been used。
46．考查可数名词单复数。句意：鉴于我们对颜色及其许多象征意义的了解，似乎可以有把握地假设，奥运五环中的每一种颜色都代表着特定的东西，比如一块大陆。根据句中的介词about和空格前的many以及所给动词mean分析句子可知，空格处应该填入mean的名词形式meaning作介词about的宾语，且应该用复数形式meanings。故填meanings。
47．考查介词。句意：鉴于我们对颜色及其许多象征意义的了解，似乎可以有把握地假设，奥运五环中的每一种颜色都代表着特定的东西，比如一块大陆。根据句意和空格前的动词stand分析句子可知，此处是考查动词stand和介词for的搭配stand for（代表）。故填 for。
48．考查连词。句意：但在现实中，情况并非如此。根据句意可知，空格后的内容在意义上和上文的内容是转折关系，所以空格处应该用转折连词but。故填But。
49．考查时态。句意：顾拜旦之所以选择蓝色、黄色、黑色、绿色、红色和白色(背景色)这六种奥林匹克官方颜色，是因为当他在1913年引入这一标志时，每一面参加奥运会的国家的国旗都可以用这六种颜色来复制。根据句意和所给动词choose分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，根据后文“when he introduced the symbol in 1913”可知，该句子应该用一般过去时。故填 chose。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：顾拜旦之所以选择蓝色、黄色、黑色、绿色、红色和白色(背景色)这六种奥林匹克官方颜色，是因为当他在1913年引入这一标志时，每一面参加奥运会的国家的国旗都可以用这六种颜色来复制。根据句意和所给动词participate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入participate的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词nations，因为nations和动词participate之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式participating作定语。故填participating。
71．1. 去掉with
2. Which→What
3. Previous→Previously
4. Therefor→However
5. what→how
6. surrounding→surroundings
7. broaden→broadening
8. good前加a
9. stay→stayed
10. or→and
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文是发言稿，作者以自己的旅行经历说明了旅行也是一种学习。
【详解】1.考查及物动词。句意：我很荣幸站在这里分享一些关于旅行的东西。share是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，with多余。故去掉with。
2.考查主语从句连接词。句意：我想表达的是，旅行也是为了学习。__I’d like to convey是主语从句，从句中缺乏宾语，应用连接代词what，首字母大写。故将Which改为What。
3. 考查副词。句意：以前，我确实从书本和电视节目中了解了一些关于这个城市的情况。分析句子结构可知，Previous修饰后面的整个句子，做状语，应该用副词修饰，Previous的副词形式是Previously。故将Previous改为Previously。
4.考查副词。句意：然而，直到我亲自去那里，我才知道它有多棒。本句与前句是转折关系，用副词however意为“然而”符合句意，首字母大写。故将Therefore改为However。
5.考查感叹句。句意：然而，直到我亲自去那里，我才知道它有多棒。动词know后接感叹句__wonderful it was做宾语从句，连接词和主语间只有形容词，符合固定句型：how +adj./adv.+主+谓，所以用how。故将what改为how。
6.考查名词。句意：旅行时，我们可以用自己的眼睛、鼻子等感觉周围的环境，从而开阔我们的视野。此处名词surrounding意为“周围的环境”，是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式。故将surrounding改为surroundings。
7.考查现在分词。句意：旅行时，我们可以用自己的眼睛、鼻子等感觉周围的环境，从而开阔我们的视野。本句已有谓语can feel且无连词，动词broaden用非谓语形式，broaden此动作是由前句产生的自然而然、意料之中的结果，所以broaden用现在分词作结果状语。故将broaden改为broadening。
8. 考查冠词。句意：在长城上拍的照片很好地提醒了我在西安的快乐时光，所以每个人，抓住每一个机会，你将开始一段奇妙的学习之旅。分析句子结构可知，reminder是可数名词，本句中用的是单数形式，所以前应用不定冠词修饰，应加在good前，good为辅音音素开头，所以用a。故在good前加啊。
9. 考查动词时态。句意：在长城上拍的照片很好地提醒了我在西安的快乐时光，所以每个人，抓住每一个机会，你将开始一段奇妙的学习之旅。根据前文和句意可知，去西安旅游是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故将stay改为stayed。
10.考查连词。句意：在长城上拍的照片很好地提醒了我在西安的快乐时光，所以每个人，抓住每一个机会，你将开始一段奇妙的学习之旅。祈使句+ and/or +含有一般将来时的陈述句，该句型中and表示前后句是顺接关系，意思是“那么”；or表示前后句是转折关系，意思是“否则”。此处是顺接关系，用and。故将or改为and。
72．
It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without water. Water is very important to all living things, without which there would be no life.
Water shortage has become serious problem. The growing population and the development of industry and agriculture need much more water. Water pollution in some areas also contributes to water shortage.
Therefore, measures must be taken to solve the problem. First of all, we must make good use of water and avoid polluting it. In addition, we can get useful water through purifying rain or sea water.
