专题16 Unit 8 易错综合练习-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 专题16 Unit 8 易错综合练习-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-04-29 18:54:01 | ||
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班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 8 A green world.
（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．A good beginning makes ________ good ending.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．I like English very much. I never miss a to practice English with foreigners.
A．subject B．mistake C．chance D．space
3．Though it was dangerous ________ him to save the woman from the fire, it was really brave ________ him to do so.
A．of; of B．of; for C．for; for D．for; of
4．—Which dress do you like best, Madam
—Sorry, I can’t decide __________.
A．what to buy B．to buy what
C．which to buy D．to buy which
5．—I heard that you ________ the running race.
—Yes, but I only finished ________.
A．joined in; fourth B．took part; fourth C．took part in; four D．joined; four
6．—You live in Yangzhou. Do you like it
—Very much, of course. I ________ this city for five years.
A．have moved to B．have gone to C．have been to D．have been in
7．—Can children under the age of 12 often ride bicycles in the city
—No. According to the law, they ________.
A．may not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
8．I used to be afraid of ________ by plane since I thought it was dangerous ________ by it.
A．to travel; to travel B．traveling; traveling
C．to travel; traveling D．traveling; to travel
9．After having a three-day rest, my father is now feeling ________ to go to work.
A．enough bad B．well enough C．bad enough D．enough well
10．—All the people of Huai’an need to work together to make our city more beautiful.
— That’s it. ________.
A．Practice makes perfect B．Many hands make light work.
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
11．—Your father’s come back from Shenzhen, ________
—________, he’ll come back next week.
is he; Yes B．has he; Yes
C．isn’t he; Not yet D．hasn’t he; Not yet
12．—Hobo, can I eat the hamburger —Sure, if the dishes .
A．wash B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed
13．-Is your sister ill -No, _______, only a little cold.
A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious
14．—Excuse me, sir. You are not supposed to take photos here.
—Sorry, I ________ the sign.
A．haven’t noticed B．don’t notice C．didn’t notice D．won’t notice
15．—It’s so hot. Would you please open the window for me
—________.
A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．No way D．You’re welcome
二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
I can’t remember when I started ____16____ litter. But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home and I realized that ____17____ else was going to pick it up.
I live close to a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there ____18____ three minutes! I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very ____19____. I decided to clean up the forest. I wanted to feel happy going there again.
I made my ____20____ trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter, my bag was ____21____! It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
____22____ the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I’m often there for three hours. It makes me feel great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I ____23____ all the litter I’ve found. If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it. I can’t understand ____24____ people drop litter. But I will keep picking it up ____25____ they stop dropping it.
I know I can only do a small bit to help the earth, but I will think it is important.
16．A．dropping B．collecting C．throwing D．wasting
17．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody
18．A．for B．during C．over D．in
19．A．hopeless B．bored C．tired D．unhappy
20．A．second B．next C．first D．last
21．A．dirty B．broken C．full D．away
22．A．Since B．For C．On D．As
23．A．look for B．look through C．look after D．look out
24．A．that B．when C．where D．why
25．A．when B．unless C．until D．after
三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
A
Now China has five national parks. They protect nearly 30% of the important wild species (野生物种) in China, Let’s take a look at three of them.
Giant Panda National Park Location (地址) : Sichuan，Shaanxi and GansuMore than 80% of China’s wild giant pandas live there! The park builds many small houses for pandas in these three provinces. Besides pandas, leopards (金钱豹) and monkeys also live in the park. Pandas and their “neighbors” can live and play together.
National Park of Hainan Tropical (热带的) Rainforest Location: HainanAs big as 4,400 square kilometers, it has a very large tropical forest. The forest covers nearly 96%of the park. More than 400 kinds of endemic (特有的) plants are growing in the park. There are 35 Hainan gibbons (长臂猿) in the park. They are the only surviving (幸存的) members of the species in the world. What’s more, Hainan’s three highest mountains are also in the park.
Sanjiangyuan National Park Location: QinghaiIt is the largest national park in China. It is about 14 times the area of Yellowstone National Park in the United States. People call it “the water tower of China”, because it is home to the sources (源头)of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River. It is also home to hundreds of animal species.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
26．What animals can we see in Giant Panda National Park
a. pandas b. elephants c. leopards d. monkeys e. gibbons
A．a, b, c B．a, c, d C．a, c, e D．a, d, e
27．How many kinds of endemic plants are growing in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest
A．About 4,269. B．About 35.
C．More than 1,600. D．More than 400.
28．Which one is the largest national park in China
A．Giant Panda National Park.
B．National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest.
C．Sanjiangyuan National Park. D．Wuyishan National Park.
29．From the text, we can know ___________.
A．the total number of giant pandas in the world
B．the names of Hainan’s three highest mountains
C．whether visitors need to pay for the tickets to the national parks
D．how many Hainan gibbons live in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest
30．Where may the text come from
A．A film newspaper. B．A storybook.
C．A geography newspaper. D．A student’s homework.
B
Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. You probably like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s people are wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim(牛仔布) may be putting some sea animals in danger.
Every time we wash our jeans, very small bits of denim will flow out of our washing machines, down into the rivers, lakes and oceans.
You might wonder: Isn’t denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, when people make jeans, denim is treated with many kinds of man-made chemicals(化学物质). Some improve its durability. A pair of jeans may be worn for many years. Others give jeans their blue color. It makes jeans fashionable.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the samples(样本). In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim each pair would drop each time to wash. The answer was terrible: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Some good plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good. However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed.
Does this mean we shouldn’t wear jeans Probably not. “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it,” says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. “You don’t need to wash your jeans after wearing them only several times.”
31．According to the passage, what may not denim be bad for
A．Rivers. B．Sea animals. C．Lakes. D．People in jeans.
32．Why does denim pollute the environment
A．It is made of cotton. B．It is treated with chemicals.
C．It has bad smells. D．It has a simple color.
33．What does the underlined word “durability” mean in paragraph 3
A．重要性 B．可塑性 C．耐用性 D．时尚性
34．According to paragraph 4, which of the following is TRUE
A．Denim waste was found in all the oceans.
B．Some good plants can stop most of denim bits.
C．500 denim bits go in the environment every day.
D．Scientists doing the study are from America.
35．What should we do according to Sam Athey
A．We should not wear jeans anymore. B．We should keep wearing dirty jeans .
C．We should buy fewer jeans and wash less.
D．We should keep jeans clean in other ways.
第二部分 课本知识应用
四．根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
36．Drinking too much juice can be ________(有害的) to people's teeth.
37．Here are some results of the s________(调查)about students' activities.
38．He c________(导致)a lot of trouble for his parents.
39．My father was f________(罚款)for speeding yesterday.
40．The buses are almost e________(空的)．
41．__________（幸运）, nobody was killed in the car accident.
42．It’s very __________（明智）of you not do drop litter here.
43．There is going to be an environment __________（展览）tomorrow.
44．We will __________（展示）different types of energy to the public.
45．What kind of __________（污染）do you think is the most serious
五．用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
46．Air pollution is __________（harm）to our health.
47．In order to make living area better, more trees need __________（plant）.
48．It’s everyone’s duty __________（protect）the environment.
49．Water and soil help __________（provide）us with necessary food and drinks.
50．In many places, rubbish __________（throw）into lakes and rivers. So many of them __________（pollute）.
51．Factories must stop from __________（pour）waste water into the nearby rivers.
52．As well as people, animals __________（harm）by pollution.
53．Though the two girls are twins, there are many __________（different）between them.
54．We can’t do __________（harm）to others.
55．________ (discuss) are still going on between the two leaders.
六、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
56．你刷牙时关闭水龙头吗？
Do you ________________________________________________
57．尽量使用纸的两面。
Try to ________________________________________________ .
58．这儿是调查结果。
Here _______________________ the survey.
59．对于帮助保护环境，他们已经做了很多。
They have _____________________________________ help protect the environment.
60．水污染对我们的健康有害。
Water pollution __________________________________________ our health.
61．不但他父亲，而且他也去过上海。
_________ he _________ his father _________ Shanghai.
62．人们依赖自然资源生存。
People ___________________________________________________ live.
63．那些纸被扔掉了。
The paper ________________________________________________ .
64．环境已经成为一个严重的问题了。
The environment has ___________________________________ .
65．树木减少灰尘，并且帮助保持空气干净。
Trees __________________ and help ______________________ .
七、话题作文(本大题共15分)
66．4月22日是“世界地球日”，善待地球，保护环境，就是保护我们自己。请你写一篇文章，说说环境保护的重要性并谈谈在日常生活中我们该如何保护环境。
要求：1. 词数不少于80 词；
2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数。
We have only one earth and it’s our home, so it’s our duty to take care of it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．A
【解析】
句意：善始者善终 。
考查不定冠词。a不定冠词，泛指一个，用在以辅音因素开头的词前；an不定冠词，泛指一个，用在以元音因素开头的词前；the定冠词，指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/零冠词。根据题干中“A good beginning...”此处用a，说明不是特指，所以用不定冠词，因good的读音是/ɡ d/，故此空填a。故选A。
2．C
【解析】
【分析】
考点：考查名词的用法。
试题分析：句意：我非常喜欢英语。我从不错过和外国人练习英语的机会。根据to practice English with foreigners可知是练习英语的机会；subject课程科目；mistake错误；chance机会；space空间。因此，选C。
3．D
【解析】
句意：虽然从火中救出那个女人对他来说很危险，但他这样做真的很勇敢。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for对于……来说。第一处是“it is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”；第二处是“it is+adj+of sb to do sth”句型，表示“某人做某事是……的”。故选D。
4．C
【解析】
句意：——夫人，您最喜欢哪条裙子？——对不起，我不能决定买哪一条。
考查疑问词加动词不定式。疑问词可以和动词不定式一起构成动词不定式短语用作宾语，排除BD；根据“Which dress do you like best, Madam ”可知，是不知道选择哪一条，故选C。
5．A
【解析】
句意：——我听说你参加了跑步比赛。——是的，但是我只拿了第四名。
考查动词，动词短语及序数词的用法。join in参加某个活动；take part错误表达；take part in参加某个活动；join加入某个团体并成为其中一员。根据“the running race”可知，此处指参加跑步比赛，排除B和D选项。第二个空指拿了第四名，用序数词fourth表顺序，故选A。
6．D
【解析】
句意：——你住在扬州。你喜欢吗？——当然，非常喜欢。我在这个城市已经五年了。
考查现在完成时。have moved to已经搬到……；have gone to“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场；have been to“曾经去过某地”；have been in“在某地呆了多少时间”；根据上文“You live in Yangzhou”可知此处指“在扬州已经五年了”；故选D。
7．C
【解析】
句意：——12岁以下的孩子可以经常在城市里骑自行车吗？——不。按照法律，他们禁止骑车。
考查情态动词辨析。may not未必，可能不；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“No. According to the law”可知，这里的意思是按照法律规定，他们不可以，表示明令禁止的事情，故选C。
8．D
【解析】
句意：我过去害怕乘飞机旅行，因为我认为乘飞机旅行很危险。
考查非谓语动词。be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事，用动名词作宾语；it is+adj+to do sth做某事是……的，用动词不定式作主语。故选D。
9．B
【解析】
句意：在休息了三天之后，我的父亲现在感觉很好，可以去上班了。
考查形容词辨析和enough用法。bad糟糕的，形容词；well身体好的，形容词；enough足够，副词，修饰形容词或其他副词需后置，可排除AD两项。根据下文“to go to work”，可知这里表示身体好了，故选B。
10．B
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——淮安全体人民需要共同努力，使我们的城市更加美丽。——是这样。人多好办事。
考查习语。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Many hands make light work人多好办事；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；A friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情；上文“All the people of Huai’an need to work together to make our city more beautiful”共同努力，使城市更加美丽；根据答语“That’s it”赞同对方的说法，可知此处指“多人的协助努力可使工作轻松完成”；故选B。
11．D
【解析】
句意：——你父亲从深圳回来了，是吗？——还没有，他下星期回来。
考查反意疑问句及答语。根据“Your father’s come back from Shenzhen”可知，此处’s是has的缩写，排除AC，又因为反意疑问句需遵循“前肯后否”原则，排除B；结合答语“he’ll come back next week”可知，父亲还没回来，not yet“还没”符合语境，故选D。
12．B
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——Hobo，我可以吃汉堡吗？——当然，如果餐具洗了的话。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。从语境可以知道，盘子还没有洗，是将要洗，if引出的条件状语从句，用一般现在时态表将来；主语dishes是谓语wash的承受者，用被动语态。故选B。
13．B
【解析】
句意“-你的妹妹生病了吗？-没有，不严重，仅仅是感冒”。anything与something都是复合不定代词，当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词往后放，排除A和C；nothing没有事情。anything用于肯定句中，表示“任何事情”，用于疑问句或否定句中译为“一些事”。根据only a little cold可知，表示“不严重”，故选B。
14．C
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——对不起，先生。你不应该在这里拍照。——对不起，我没注意到标志。
考查动词时态。根据语境可知，在被告知这里不能拍照之前没有注意到标志，故应用一般过去时态，否定句用助动词didn’t 加动词原形do。故选C。
15．B
【解析】
句意：——天气太热了。你能帮我打开窗户吗？ ——很愿效劳。
考查情景交际。My pleasure我的荣幸；With pleasure很愿效劳；No way没门；You’re welcome不客气。根据“Would you please open the window for me ”可知，此处回答别人的请求，应该用“With pleasure”，表示愿意做。故选B。
16．B
17．A
18．D
19．D
20．C
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述的是作者坚持捡拾垃圾的故事。作者发现树林里垃圾多，于是坚持捡拾，他认为自己只是为地球做了一点儿小贡献，但是他认为这很重要。
16．
句意：我不记得我是什么时候开始收集垃圾的。
dropping落下；collecting收集；throwing扔；wasting浪费。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，故选B。
17．
句意：但是，当我厌倦了在我家附近看到垃圾，我意识到没有人会捡它。
nobody没有人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人。根据“But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home”可知，因为没人捡垃圾，所以家附近才会有很多垃圾，故选A。
18．
句意：我走三分钟就能到那儿！
for持续一段时间；during在……期间；over超过；in在……中。根据“I live close to a forest in Ohio, America.”可知，我住在美国俄亥俄州的一个森林附近，所以三分钟就能走到，故选D。
19．
句意：但是有一天有这么多的垃圾，我变得很不高兴。
hopeless绝望的；bored无聊的；tired劳累的；unhappy不开心的。根据“I wanted to feel happy going there again.”可知，我想再次快乐，所以现在不快乐，故选D。
20．
句意：那天下午，我第一次去清理森林。
second第二的；next接下来的；first第一的；last最后的。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，所以这是第一次，故选C。
21．
句意：开始捡垃圾十分钟后，我的袋子就满了！
dirty脏的；broken破碎的；full满的；away离开。根据“It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.”可知，里面有罐头、瓶子、碎玻璃和报纸，所以袋子满了，故选C。
22．
句意：自从三年前的第一次出行以来，我已经每年去森林四次捡垃圾了。
Since自从；For持续一段时间；On在……上；As随着，因为。根据“...the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter.”可知，此处是“since+一般过去时，现在完成时”结构，故选A。
23．
句意：每次出行结束后，我都会翻一翻我找到的垃圾。
look for寻找；look through浏览；look after照顾；look out小心。根据“If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it.”可知，要先浏览拾到的垃圾，才会知道是否有可回收的，故选B。
24．
句意：我不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾。
that无实际含义；when何时；where哪里；why为什么。根据“I can’t understand...people drop litter.”可知，不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾，故选D。
25．
句意：但我会一直把它捡起来，直到人们停止扔垃圾。
when当……时；unless除非；until直到；after在……之后。根据“But I will keep picking it up...they stop dropping it.”可知，作者会坚持拾垃圾，直到人们停止扔垃圾。故选C。
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．D
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍大熊猫国家公园、三江源国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园，介绍公园的地理位置，占地面积及生存物种。
26．
细节理解题。根据文中“Giant Panda National Park …Besides pandas, leopards and monkeys also live in the park”可知，大熊猫国家公园有熊猫，金钱豹和猴子。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据文中“National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest …More than 400 kinds of endemic plants are growing in the park”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园里生长着400多种特有植物。故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据文中“Sanjiangyuan National Park…It is the largest national park in China”可知，三江源国家公园是中国最大的国家公园。故选C。
29．
推理判断题。根据文中“National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest …There are 35 Hainan gibbons in the park”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园里有35只海南长臂猿；可知，选项D表述正确。故选D。
30．
推理判断题。本文介绍大熊猫国家公园、三江源国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园，可知，本文可能选自地理报纸。故选C。
31．D
32．B
33．C
34．B
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了牛仔布对环境的污染，分析了为什么会对环境造成污染以及如何做能避免这种情况。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Denim(牛仔布) may be putting some sea animals in danger”以及“down into the rivers, lakes and oceans”可知，牛仔布对海洋里的动物，河流和湖泊都有危害，故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Well, when people make jeans, denim is treated with many kinds of man-made chemicals”可知，因为会用多种人造化学物质处理牛仔布，故选B。
33．
词义猜测题。根据“Some improve its durability. A pair of jeans may be worn for many years”可知，提升了牛仔布的耐用性，所以牛仔裤可以穿很多年，所以“durability”表示“耐用性”，故选C。
34．
推理判断题。根据“Some good plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them”可知，一些好的植物抑制了其中的83%到99%，也就是抑制了大部分牛仔样本的污染，B表述正确，故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it”可知，应该少买牛仔裤，尽量地少洗牛仔裤，故选C。
36．harmful
37．surveys
38．causes/ caused
39．fined
40．empty
【解析】
36．句意：喝太多果汁对人的牙齿有害。be harmful to有害于，固定短语；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填harmful。
37．句意：以下是一些关于学生活动的调查结果。定冠词the后接名词，根据about students' activities和汉语和首字母提示，可知用复数形式，故填surveys。
38．句意：他给他的父母招来很多麻烦。主语he是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式causes。（本句另一个语境是叙述过去的事情，动词需用过去式caused。）根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填causes/ caused。
39．句意：我父亲昨天因超速开车而被罚款。主语My father 是动词fine的受动者，需用“was + done”被动语态结构；根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填fined。
40．句意：公共汽车几乎是空的。本句缺表语形容词，根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填empty。
【点睛】
单词拼写，根据句意及所给汉语提示填空。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
41．Luckily
42．wise
43．show
44．display/show
45．pollution
【解析】
41．句意：幸运的是，在这次事故中没有人死亡。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填Luckily。
42．句意：你真是太明智了不在这里丢垃圾。wise明智的，是一个形容词。这句话中使用了句型It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是…的。
43．句意：明天将会有一个环境展览。show在这里是一个名词，意为“展览，展示”。空前有不定冠词an修饰，故填名词单数，故填wise。
44．句意：我们将为公众展示不同类型的能源。show或者display都是一个动词，意为“展示”，该句使用了一般将来时态，will+动词原形，故这里直接填动词原形；故填show/display。
45．句意：你认为什么污染是最严重的？pollution污染，是一个不可数名词，空前有…kind of修饰，应用名词形式；故填pollution。
【点睛】
这个题目是单词拼写，要求根据汉语提示写出正确的单词。做题时，不能只看单词的意思，更应把单词放在整体句子中考虑，根据单词在句中的作用，使用正确的词性；并根据句意和句中使用的句型，使用单词正确的形式。例如第1小题，根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填Luckily，这个单词在形式上有比较多的变化，如luck运气，名词；lucky形容词，幸运的，应在句中作表语，或者做定语修饰名词。再如第4小题，show或者display都是一个动词，意为“展示”，该句使用了一般将来时态，will+动词原形，故这里直接填动词原形。
46．harmful
47．planting/to be planted
48．to protect
49．provide
50． is thrown are polluted
51．pouring
52．are harmed
53．differences
54．harm
【解析】
46．句意：空气污染对我们的健康有害。根据形容词短语be harmful to对…有害;对…有危害;对……是有害的。可知，此空故填harmful。
47．句意：为了使生活区更好，需要种植更多的树木。根据句意可知，此句是被动的含义，need doing 是需要被做有被动的意思，need doing = need to be done可知，此空故填. planting/to be planted。
48．句意：保护环境是每个人的责任。根据句意可知，此句是强调句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此空故填to protect 。
49．句意：水和土壤帮助我们提供必要的食物和饮料。根据当help作为动词，其中 to 可以省略. 所。help……do sth 是 help……to do的省略形式，此空故填provide。
50．句意：在许多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流。那么多人被污染了。根据句意可知，此句是一般现在时态的被动语态，, rubbish是不可数名词，助动词故用is；So many of是指那么多人的意思，助动词故用are可知，此空故填(1). is thrown (2). are polluted 。
51．句意：工厂必须停止向附近的河流排放废水。根据固定短语stop… from doing阻止做某事，可知，此空故填pouring。
52．句意：除了人，动物也受到污染的伤害。根据句意可知，此句是一般现在时态的被动语态，根据空前animals可知，此空故填are harmed 。
53．句意：虽然这两个女孩是双胞胎，但她们之间有很多不同。根据空前many可知，此空应填名词的复数形式，根据英语提示可知，此空故填differences。
54．句意：我们不能伤害别人。根据固定短语do harm to加害，损害。可知，此空故填harm。
【点睛】
这个题目是用所给单词的正确形式填空，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据句意、单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型等，使用单词的正确形式。常考查的知识点包括：名词的复数；动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词；形容词和副词的基本用法以及比较级和最高级的用法等。
55．Discussions
【解析】
【分析】
句意：两位领导人之间的讨论仍在继续。根据句子结构，空处的词是作主语，结合空后are可知，空处应用名词复数形式；discuss，讨论，动词，对应的名词是discussion，复数形式为discussions，句首首字母大写。故填Discussions。
56．turn off the tap when brushing teeth
57．use both sides of paper
58．are the results of
59．done a lot to
60．is harmful to
61． Not only but also has been to
62．depend nature resources to
63．was thrown away
64．become a serious problem
65． reduce dust keep the air clean
【解析】
56．分析语境可知，句子是一般疑问句，是询问一般状况，应用一般现在时；句子中有助动词do，因此后面的动词用动词原形。关闭水龙头：turn off the tap；刷牙：brush one’s teeth；“当你刷牙时”，为when引导的时间状语从句，应为现在进行时，其结构是：am/is/are+动词的现在分词。当主语相同时可以省略主语和be,\故答案为turn off the tap when brushing teeth
57．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“使用纸的两面”的翻译。使用：use；纸的两面：both sides of paper；本题考查try to do sth. 后面用动词不定式。故答案为use both sides of paper
58．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“……的结果”的翻译。“……的结果”：the results of；results“结果”，名词复数，因此本题的be 动词用are。故答案为are the results of
59．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“已经做了很多”的翻译。做了很多：do a lot；
根据汉语的语境可知，本题的时态为现在完成时，其结构是：has/have +动词的过去分词。do的过去分词为done。本题要用动词不定式做目的状语。故答案为done a lot to
60．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“对……有害”的翻译。“对……有害”：be harmful to；主语Water pollution，是单数，因此be动词用is；故答案为is harmful to
61．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“不但……而且……和去过”的翻译。英语中的“不但……而且……”：not only……but also……；去过某地：have/has been to+地点；本题遵循就近原则。离谓语最近的his father是单数，因此助动词用has。故答案为 (1). Not only (2). but also (3). has been to
62．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“依赖自然资源”的翻译。依赖：depend；自然资源：nature resources；本题用动词不定式做目的。结合语境可知，本题的时态为一般现在时。主语People是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。故答案为depend nature resources to
63．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“被扔掉了”的翻译。扔掉：throw away；结合语境：那些纸被扔掉了。可知，本题用一般过去时的被动句。其结构：was/were+动词的过去分词。主语The paper是单数，因此be动词用was。故答案为was thrown away
64．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“已经成为一个严重的问题了”的翻译。成为一个严重的问题：become a serious problem；结合语境：环境已经成为一个严重的问题了。
可知，本题用现在完成时。其结构：has/have+动词的过去分词。become的过去分词为become。故答案为become a serious problem
65．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“减少灰尘和保持空气干净”的翻译。减少灰尘：reduce dust；保持空气干净：keep the air clean；本题说的是一种客观事实，因此用一般现在时。主语Trees是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。help do sth.“帮助做某事” 。故答案为(1). reduce dust (2). keep the air clean
66．例文
We have only one earth and it’s our home, so it’s our duty to take care of it. If we harm it, we will have a terrible end. As teenagers, we should play an active role in improving the environment. If we know what to do in our daily life, we can make a difference.
First, we can turn off the lights to save electricity when we leave the room. Second, we should remember to stop using plastic bags and use cloth bags. Next, we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead of driving. Then, we can reduce air pollution by planting more trees. Lastly, it’s our responsibility to call on more people to take action.
As teenagers, we can do some small things to protect our environment. I’m sure everybody is able to do something meaningful to make the world better.
【解析】
1. 题干解读：这篇作文要求考生就环保话题，写一篇短文介绍环境保护的重要性并谈谈在日常生活中我们该如何保护环境，属于话题作文。
2. 写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应以第一人称和一般现在时为主，以第三人称为辅展开陈述。写作时要承接开头，先介绍保护环境的重要性，再介绍如何保护环境，最后谈一谈感受。行文注意主谓一致和上下文的过度，符合逻辑关系，保证无语法和单词拼写错误。
Unit 8 A green world.
（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．A good beginning makes ________ good ending.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．I like English very much. I never miss a to practice English with foreigners.
A．subject B．mistake C．chance D．space
3．Though it was dangerous ________ him to save the woman from the fire, it was really brave ________ him to do so.
A．of; of B．of; for C．for; for D．for; of
4．—Which dress do you like best, Madam
—Sorry, I can’t decide __________.
A．what to buy B．to buy what
C．which to buy D．to buy which
5．—I heard that you ________ the running race.
—Yes, but I only finished ________.
A．joined in; fourth B．took part; fourth C．took part in; four D．joined; four
6．—You live in Yangzhou. Do you like it
—Very much, of course. I ________ this city for five years.
A．have moved to B．have gone to C．have been to D．have been in
7．—Can children under the age of 12 often ride bicycles in the city
—No. According to the law, they ________.
A．may not B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
8．I used to be afraid of ________ by plane since I thought it was dangerous ________ by it.
A．to travel; to travel B．traveling; traveling
C．to travel; traveling D．traveling; to travel
9．After having a three-day rest, my father is now feeling ________ to go to work.
A．enough bad B．well enough C．bad enough D．enough well
10．—All the people of Huai’an need to work together to make our city more beautiful.
— That’s it. ________.
A．Practice makes perfect B．Many hands make light work.
C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
11．—Your father’s come back from Shenzhen, ________
—________, he’ll come back next week.
is he; Yes B．has he; Yes
C．isn’t he; Not yet D．hasn’t he; Not yet
12．—Hobo, can I eat the hamburger —Sure, if the dishes .
A．wash B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed
13．-Is your sister ill -No, _______, only a little cold.
A．serious anything B．nothing serious C．serious nothing D．anything serious
14．—Excuse me, sir. You are not supposed to take photos here.
—Sorry, I ________ the sign.
A．haven’t noticed B．don’t notice C．didn’t notice D．won’t notice
15．—It’s so hot. Would you please open the window for me
—________.
A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．No way D．You’re welcome
二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
I can’t remember when I started ____16____ litter. But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home and I realized that ____17____ else was going to pick it up.
I live close to a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there ____18____ three minutes! I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very ____19____. I decided to clean up the forest. I wanted to feel happy going there again.
I made my ____20____ trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter, my bag was ____21____! It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
____22____ the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I’m often there for three hours. It makes me feel great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I ____23____ all the litter I’ve found. If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it. I can’t understand ____24____ people drop litter. But I will keep picking it up ____25____ they stop dropping it.
I know I can only do a small bit to help the earth, but I will think it is important.
16．A．dropping B．collecting C．throwing D．wasting
17．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody
18．A．for B．during C．over D．in
19．A．hopeless B．bored C．tired D．unhappy
20．A．second B．next C．first D．last
21．A．dirty B．broken C．full D．away
22．A．Since B．For C．On D．As
23．A．look for B．look through C．look after D．look out
24．A．that B．when C．where D．why
25．A．when B．unless C．until D．after
三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
A
Now China has five national parks. They protect nearly 30% of the important wild species (野生物种) in China, Let’s take a look at three of them.
Giant Panda National Park Location (地址) : Sichuan，Shaanxi and GansuMore than 80% of China’s wild giant pandas live there! The park builds many small houses for pandas in these three provinces. Besides pandas, leopards (金钱豹) and monkeys also live in the park. Pandas and their “neighbors” can live and play together.
National Park of Hainan Tropical (热带的) Rainforest Location: HainanAs big as 4,400 square kilometers, it has a very large tropical forest. The forest covers nearly 96%of the park. More than 400 kinds of endemic (特有的) plants are growing in the park. There are 35 Hainan gibbons (长臂猿) in the park. They are the only surviving (幸存的) members of the species in the world. What’s more, Hainan’s three highest mountains are also in the park.
Sanjiangyuan National Park Location: QinghaiIt is the largest national park in China. It is about 14 times the area of Yellowstone National Park in the United States. People call it “the water tower of China”, because it is home to the sources (源头)of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River. It is also home to hundreds of animal species.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
26．What animals can we see in Giant Panda National Park
a. pandas b. elephants c. leopards d. monkeys e. gibbons
A．a, b, c B．a, c, d C．a, c, e D．a, d, e
27．How many kinds of endemic plants are growing in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest
A．About 4,269. B．About 35.
C．More than 1,600. D．More than 400.
28．Which one is the largest national park in China
A．Giant Panda National Park.
B．National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest.
C．Sanjiangyuan National Park. D．Wuyishan National Park.
29．From the text, we can know ___________.
A．the total number of giant pandas in the world
B．the names of Hainan’s three highest mountains
C．whether visitors need to pay for the tickets to the national parks
D．how many Hainan gibbons live in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest
30．Where may the text come from
A．A film newspaper. B．A storybook.
C．A geography newspaper. D．A student’s homework.
B
Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. You probably like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s people are wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim(牛仔布) may be putting some sea animals in danger.
Every time we wash our jeans, very small bits of denim will flow out of our washing machines, down into the rivers, lakes and oceans.
You might wonder: Isn’t denim made of cotton, a natural material How can it become a danger to nature Well, when people make jeans, denim is treated with many kinds of man-made chemicals(化学物质). Some improve its durability. A pair of jeans may be worn for many years. Others give jeans their blue color. It makes jeans fashionable.
Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the samples(样本). In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim each pair would drop each time to wash. The answer was terrible: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Some good plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good. However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed.
Does this mean we shouldn’t wear jeans Probably not. “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it,” says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. “You don’t need to wash your jeans after wearing them only several times.”
31．According to the passage, what may not denim be bad for
A．Rivers. B．Sea animals. C．Lakes. D．People in jeans.
32．Why does denim pollute the environment
A．It is made of cotton. B．It is treated with chemicals.
C．It has bad smells. D．It has a simple color.
33．What does the underlined word “durability” mean in paragraph 3
A．重要性 B．可塑性 C．耐用性 D．时尚性
34．According to paragraph 4, which of the following is TRUE
A．Denim waste was found in all the oceans.
B．Some good plants can stop most of denim bits.
C．500 denim bits go in the environment every day.
D．Scientists doing the study are from America.
35．What should we do according to Sam Athey
A．We should not wear jeans anymore. B．We should keep wearing dirty jeans .
C．We should buy fewer jeans and wash less.
D．We should keep jeans clean in other ways.
第二部分 课本知识应用
四．根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
36．Drinking too much juice can be ________(有害的) to people's teeth.
37．Here are some results of the s________(调查)about students' activities.
38．He c________(导致)a lot of trouble for his parents.
39．My father was f________(罚款)for speeding yesterday.
40．The buses are almost e________(空的)．
41．__________（幸运）, nobody was killed in the car accident.
42．It’s very __________（明智）of you not do drop litter here.
43．There is going to be an environment __________（展览）tomorrow.
44．We will __________（展示）different types of energy to the public.
45．What kind of __________（污染）do you think is the most serious
五．用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
46．Air pollution is __________（harm）to our health.
47．In order to make living area better, more trees need __________（plant）.
48．It’s everyone’s duty __________（protect）the environment.
49．Water and soil help __________（provide）us with necessary food and drinks.
50．In many places, rubbish __________（throw）into lakes and rivers. So many of them __________（pollute）.
51．Factories must stop from __________（pour）waste water into the nearby rivers.
52．As well as people, animals __________（harm）by pollution.
53．Though the two girls are twins, there are many __________（different）between them.
54．We can’t do __________（harm）to others.
55．________ (discuss) are still going on between the two leaders.
六、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
56．你刷牙时关闭水龙头吗？
Do you ________________________________________________
57．尽量使用纸的两面。
Try to ________________________________________________ .
58．这儿是调查结果。
Here _______________________ the survey.
59．对于帮助保护环境，他们已经做了很多。
They have _____________________________________ help protect the environment.
60．水污染对我们的健康有害。
Water pollution __________________________________________ our health.
61．不但他父亲，而且他也去过上海。
_________ he _________ his father _________ Shanghai.
62．人们依赖自然资源生存。
People ___________________________________________________ live.
63．那些纸被扔掉了。
The paper ________________________________________________ .
64．环境已经成为一个严重的问题了。
The environment has ___________________________________ .
65．树木减少灰尘，并且帮助保持空气干净。
Trees __________________ and help ______________________ .
七、话题作文(本大题共15分)
66．4月22日是“世界地球日”，善待地球，保护环境，就是保护我们自己。请你写一篇文章，说说环境保护的重要性并谈谈在日常生活中我们该如何保护环境。
要求：1. 词数不少于80 词；
2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数。
We have only one earth and it’s our home, so it’s our duty to take care of it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．A
【解析】
句意：善始者善终 。
考查不定冠词。a不定冠词，泛指一个，用在以辅音因素开头的词前；an不定冠词，泛指一个，用在以元音因素开头的词前；the定冠词，指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/零冠词。根据题干中“A good beginning...”此处用a，说明不是特指，所以用不定冠词，因good的读音是/ɡ d/，故此空填a。故选A。
2．C
【解析】
【分析】
考点：考查名词的用法。
试题分析：句意：我非常喜欢英语。我从不错过和外国人练习英语的机会。根据to practice English with foreigners可知是练习英语的机会；subject课程科目；mistake错误；chance机会；space空间。因此，选C。
3．D
【解析】
句意：虽然从火中救出那个女人对他来说很危险，但他这样做真的很勇敢。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for对于……来说。第一处是“it is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”；第二处是“it is+adj+of sb to do sth”句型，表示“某人做某事是……的”。故选D。
4．C
【解析】
句意：——夫人，您最喜欢哪条裙子？——对不起，我不能决定买哪一条。
考查疑问词加动词不定式。疑问词可以和动词不定式一起构成动词不定式短语用作宾语，排除BD；根据“Which dress do you like best, Madam ”可知，是不知道选择哪一条，故选C。
5．A
【解析】
句意：——我听说你参加了跑步比赛。——是的，但是我只拿了第四名。
考查动词，动词短语及序数词的用法。join in参加某个活动；take part错误表达；take part in参加某个活动；join加入某个团体并成为其中一员。根据“the running race”可知，此处指参加跑步比赛，排除B和D选项。第二个空指拿了第四名，用序数词fourth表顺序，故选A。
6．D
【解析】
句意：——你住在扬州。你喜欢吗？——当然，非常喜欢。我在这个城市已经五年了。
考查现在完成时。have moved to已经搬到……；have gone to“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场；have been to“曾经去过某地”；have been in“在某地呆了多少时间”；根据上文“You live in Yangzhou”可知此处指“在扬州已经五年了”；故选D。
7．C
【解析】
句意：——12岁以下的孩子可以经常在城市里骑自行车吗？——不。按照法律，他们禁止骑车。
考查情态动词辨析。may not未必，可能不；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“No. According to the law”可知，这里的意思是按照法律规定，他们不可以，表示明令禁止的事情，故选C。
8．D
【解析】
句意：我过去害怕乘飞机旅行，因为我认为乘飞机旅行很危险。
考查非谓语动词。be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事，用动名词作宾语；it is+adj+to do sth做某事是……的，用动词不定式作主语。故选D。
9．B
【解析】
句意：在休息了三天之后，我的父亲现在感觉很好，可以去上班了。
考查形容词辨析和enough用法。bad糟糕的，形容词；well身体好的，形容词；enough足够，副词，修饰形容词或其他副词需后置，可排除AD两项。根据下文“to go to work”，可知这里表示身体好了，故选B。
10．B
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——淮安全体人民需要共同努力，使我们的城市更加美丽。——是这样。人多好办事。
考查习语。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Many hands make light work人多好办事；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；A friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情；上文“All the people of Huai’an need to work together to make our city more beautiful”共同努力，使城市更加美丽；根据答语“That’s it”赞同对方的说法，可知此处指“多人的协助努力可使工作轻松完成”；故选B。
11．D
【解析】
句意：——你父亲从深圳回来了，是吗？——还没有，他下星期回来。
考查反意疑问句及答语。根据“Your father’s come back from Shenzhen”可知，此处’s是has的缩写，排除AC，又因为反意疑问句需遵循“前肯后否”原则，排除B；结合答语“he’ll come back next week”可知，父亲还没回来，not yet“还没”符合语境，故选D。
12．B
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——Hobo，我可以吃汉堡吗？——当然，如果餐具洗了的话。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。从语境可以知道，盘子还没有洗，是将要洗，if引出的条件状语从句，用一般现在时态表将来；主语dishes是谓语wash的承受者，用被动语态。故选B。
13．B
【解析】
句意“-你的妹妹生病了吗？-没有，不严重，仅仅是感冒”。anything与something都是复合不定代词，当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词往后放，排除A和C；nothing没有事情。anything用于肯定句中，表示“任何事情”，用于疑问句或否定句中译为“一些事”。根据only a little cold可知，表示“不严重”，故选B。
14．C
【解析】
【分析】
句意：——对不起，先生。你不应该在这里拍照。——对不起，我没注意到标志。
考查动词时态。根据语境可知，在被告知这里不能拍照之前没有注意到标志，故应用一般过去时态，否定句用助动词didn’t 加动词原形do。故选C。
15．B
【解析】
句意：——天气太热了。你能帮我打开窗户吗？ ——很愿效劳。
考查情景交际。My pleasure我的荣幸；With pleasure很愿效劳；No way没门；You’re welcome不客气。根据“Would you please open the window for me ”可知，此处回答别人的请求，应该用“With pleasure”，表示愿意做。故选B。
16．B
17．A
18．D
19．D
20．C
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述的是作者坚持捡拾垃圾的故事。作者发现树林里垃圾多，于是坚持捡拾，他认为自己只是为地球做了一点儿小贡献，但是他认为这很重要。
16．
句意：我不记得我是什么时候开始收集垃圾的。
dropping落下；collecting收集；throwing扔；wasting浪费。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，故选B。
17．
句意：但是，当我厌倦了在我家附近看到垃圾，我意识到没有人会捡它。
nobody没有人；somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人。根据“But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home”可知，因为没人捡垃圾，所以家附近才会有很多垃圾，故选A。
18．
句意：我走三分钟就能到那儿！
for持续一段时间；during在……期间；over超过；in在……中。根据“I live close to a forest in Ohio, America.”可知，我住在美国俄亥俄州的一个森林附近，所以三分钟就能走到，故选D。
19．
句意：但是有一天有这么多的垃圾，我变得很不高兴。
hopeless绝望的；bored无聊的；tired劳累的；unhappy不开心的。根据“I wanted to feel happy going there again.”可知，我想再次快乐，所以现在不快乐，故选D。
20．
句意：那天下午，我第一次去清理森林。
second第二的；next接下来的；first第一的；last最后的。根据“I decided to clean up the forest.”可知，作者决定开始拾垃圾，所以这是第一次，故选C。
21．
句意：开始捡垃圾十分钟后，我的袋子就满了！
dirty脏的；broken破碎的；full满的；away离开。根据“It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.”可知，里面有罐头、瓶子、碎玻璃和报纸，所以袋子满了，故选C。
22．
句意：自从三年前的第一次出行以来，我已经每年去森林四次捡垃圾了。
Since自从；For持续一段时间；On在……上；As随着，因为。根据“...the first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter.”可知，此处是“since+一般过去时，现在完成时”结构，故选A。
23．
句意：每次出行结束后，我都会翻一翻我找到的垃圾。
look for寻找；look through浏览；look after照顾；look out小心。根据“If any of it is recycled(可回收的), I will keep it.”可知，要先浏览拾到的垃圾，才会知道是否有可回收的，故选B。
24．
句意：我不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾。
that无实际含义；when何时；where哪里；why为什么。根据“I can’t understand...people drop litter.”可知，不明白人们为什么乱扔垃圾，故选D。
25．
句意：但我会一直把它捡起来，直到人们停止扔垃圾。
when当……时；unless除非；until直到；after在……之后。根据“But I will keep picking it up...they stop dropping it.”可知，作者会坚持拾垃圾，直到人们停止扔垃圾。故选C。
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．D
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍大熊猫国家公园、三江源国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园，介绍公园的地理位置，占地面积及生存物种。
26．
细节理解题。根据文中“Giant Panda National Park …Besides pandas, leopards and monkeys also live in the park”可知，大熊猫国家公园有熊猫，金钱豹和猴子。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据文中“National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest …More than 400 kinds of endemic plants are growing in the park”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园里生长着400多种特有植物。故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据文中“Sanjiangyuan National Park…It is the largest national park in China”可知，三江源国家公园是中国最大的国家公园。故选C。
29．
推理判断题。根据文中“National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest …There are 35 Hainan gibbons in the park”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园里有35只海南长臂猿；可知，选项D表述正确。故选D。
30．
推理判断题。本文介绍大熊猫国家公园、三江源国家公园和海南热带雨林国家公园，可知，本文可能选自地理报纸。故选C。
31．D
32．B
33．C
34．B
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了牛仔布对环境的污染，分析了为什么会对环境造成污染以及如何做能避免这种情况。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Denim(牛仔布) may be putting some sea animals in danger”以及“down into the rivers, lakes and oceans”可知，牛仔布对海洋里的动物，河流和湖泊都有危害，故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Well, when people make jeans, denim is treated with many kinds of man-made chemicals”可知，因为会用多种人造化学物质处理牛仔布，故选B。
33．
词义猜测题。根据“Some improve its durability. A pair of jeans may be worn for many years”可知，提升了牛仔布的耐用性，所以牛仔裤可以穿很多年，所以“durability”表示“耐用性”，故选C。
34．
推理判断题。根据“Some good plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them”可知，一些好的植物抑制了其中的83%到99%，也就是抑制了大部分牛仔样本的污染，B表述正确，故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it”可知，应该少买牛仔裤，尽量地少洗牛仔裤，故选C。
36．harmful
37．surveys
38．causes/ caused
39．fined
40．empty
【解析】
36．句意：喝太多果汁对人的牙齿有害。be harmful to有害于，固定短语；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填harmful。
37．句意：以下是一些关于学生活动的调查结果。定冠词the后接名词，根据about students' activities和汉语和首字母提示，可知用复数形式，故填surveys。
38．句意：他给他的父母招来很多麻烦。主语he是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式causes。（本句另一个语境是叙述过去的事情，动词需用过去式caused。）根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填causes/ caused。
39．句意：我父亲昨天因超速开车而被罚款。主语My father 是动词fine的受动者，需用“was + done”被动语态结构；根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填fined。
40．句意：公共汽车几乎是空的。本句缺表语形容词，根据句意语境和汉语和首字母提示，可知填empty。
【点睛】
单词拼写，根据句意及所给汉语提示填空。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。
41．Luckily
42．wise
43．show
44．display/show
45．pollution
【解析】
41．句意：幸运的是，在这次事故中没有人死亡。根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填Luckily。
42．句意：你真是太明智了不在这里丢垃圾。wise明智的，是一个形容词。这句话中使用了句型It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是…的。
43．句意：明天将会有一个环境展览。show在这里是一个名词，意为“展览，展示”。空前有不定冠词an修饰，故填名词单数，故填wise。
44．句意：我们将为公众展示不同类型的能源。show或者display都是一个动词，意为“展示”，该句使用了一般将来时态，will+动词原形，故这里直接填动词原形；故填show/display。
45．句意：你认为什么污染是最严重的？pollution污染，是一个不可数名词，空前有…kind of修饰，应用名词形式；故填pollution。
【点睛】
这个题目是单词拼写，要求根据汉语提示写出正确的单词。做题时，不能只看单词的意思，更应把单词放在整体句子中考虑，根据单词在句中的作用，使用正确的词性；并根据句意和句中使用的句型，使用单词正确的形式。例如第1小题，根据句意和句子结构可知，该空修饰的是整个句子的内容，应用副词形式，故填Luckily，这个单词在形式上有比较多的变化，如luck运气，名词；lucky形容词，幸运的，应在句中作表语，或者做定语修饰名词。再如第4小题，show或者display都是一个动词，意为“展示”，该句使用了一般将来时态，will+动词原形，故这里直接填动词原形。
46．harmful
47．planting/to be planted
48．to protect
49．provide
50． is thrown are polluted
51．pouring
52．are harmed
53．differences
54．harm
【解析】
46．句意：空气污染对我们的健康有害。根据形容词短语be harmful to对…有害;对…有危害;对……是有害的。可知，此空故填harmful。
47．句意：为了使生活区更好，需要种植更多的树木。根据句意可知，此句是被动的含义，need doing 是需要被做有被动的意思，need doing = need to be done可知，此空故填. planting/to be planted。
48．句意：保护环境是每个人的责任。根据句意可知，此句是强调句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，此空故填to protect 。
49．句意：水和土壤帮助我们提供必要的食物和饮料。根据当help作为动词，其中 to 可以省略. 所。help……do sth 是 help……to do的省略形式，此空故填provide。
50．句意：在许多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流。那么多人被污染了。根据句意可知，此句是一般现在时态的被动语态，, rubbish是不可数名词，助动词故用is；So many of是指那么多人的意思，助动词故用are可知，此空故填(1). is thrown (2). are polluted 。
51．句意：工厂必须停止向附近的河流排放废水。根据固定短语stop… from doing阻止做某事，可知，此空故填pouring。
52．句意：除了人，动物也受到污染的伤害。根据句意可知，此句是一般现在时态的被动语态，根据空前animals可知，此空故填are harmed 。
53．句意：虽然这两个女孩是双胞胎，但她们之间有很多不同。根据空前many可知，此空应填名词的复数形式，根据英语提示可知，此空故填differences。
54．句意：我们不能伤害别人。根据固定短语do harm to加害，损害。可知，此空故填harm。
【点睛】
这个题目是用所给单词的正确形式填空，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据句意、单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型等，使用单词的正确形式。常考查的知识点包括：名词的复数；动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词；形容词和副词的基本用法以及比较级和最高级的用法等。
55．Discussions
【解析】
【分析】
句意：两位领导人之间的讨论仍在继续。根据句子结构，空处的词是作主语，结合空后are可知，空处应用名词复数形式；discuss，讨论，动词，对应的名词是discussion，复数形式为discussions，句首首字母大写。故填Discussions。
56．turn off the tap when brushing teeth
57．use both sides of paper
58．are the results of
59．done a lot to
60．is harmful to
61． Not only but also has been to
62．depend nature resources to
63．was thrown away
64．become a serious problem
65． reduce dust keep the air clean
【解析】
56．分析语境可知，句子是一般疑问句，是询问一般状况，应用一般现在时；句子中有助动词do，因此后面的动词用动词原形。关闭水龙头：turn off the tap；刷牙：brush one’s teeth；“当你刷牙时”，为when引导的时间状语从句，应为现在进行时，其结构是：am/is/are+动词的现在分词。当主语相同时可以省略主语和be,\故答案为turn off the tap when brushing teeth
57．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“使用纸的两面”的翻译。使用：use；纸的两面：both sides of paper；本题考查try to do sth. 后面用动词不定式。故答案为use both sides of paper
58．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“……的结果”的翻译。“……的结果”：the results of；results“结果”，名词复数，因此本题的be 动词用are。故答案为are the results of
59．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“已经做了很多”的翻译。做了很多：do a lot；
根据汉语的语境可知，本题的时态为现在完成时，其结构是：has/have +动词的过去分词。do的过去分词为done。本题要用动词不定式做目的状语。故答案为done a lot to
60．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“对……有害”的翻译。“对……有害”：be harmful to；主语Water pollution，是单数，因此be动词用is；故答案为is harmful to
61．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“不但……而且……和去过”的翻译。英语中的“不但……而且……”：not only……but also……；去过某地：have/has been to+地点；本题遵循就近原则。离谓语最近的his father是单数，因此助动词用has。故答案为 (1). Not only (2). but also (3). has been to
62．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“依赖自然资源”的翻译。依赖：depend；自然资源：nature resources；本题用动词不定式做目的。结合语境可知，本题的时态为一般现在时。主语People是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。故答案为depend nature resources to
63．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“被扔掉了”的翻译。扔掉：throw away；结合语境：那些纸被扔掉了。可知，本题用一般过去时的被动句。其结构：was/were+动词的过去分词。主语The paper是单数，因此be动词用was。故答案为was thrown away
64．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“已经成为一个严重的问题了”的翻译。成为一个严重的问题：become a serious problem；结合语境：环境已经成为一个严重的问题了。
可知，本题用现在完成时。其结构：has/have+动词的过去分词。become的过去分词为become。故答案为become a serious problem
65．由英语和汉语的翻译比较可知，本题缺少了“减少灰尘和保持空气干净”的翻译。减少灰尘：reduce dust；保持空气干净：keep the air clean；本题说的是一种客观事实，因此用一般现在时。主语Trees是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。help do sth.“帮助做某事” 。故答案为(1). reduce dust (2). keep the air clean
66．例文
We have only one earth and it’s our home, so it’s our duty to take care of it. If we harm it, we will have a terrible end. As teenagers, we should play an active role in improving the environment. If we know what to do in our daily life, we can make a difference.
First, we can turn off the lights to save electricity when we leave the room. Second, we should remember to stop using plastic bags and use cloth bags. Next, we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead of driving. Then, we can reduce air pollution by planting more trees. Lastly, it’s our responsibility to call on more people to take action.
As teenagers, we can do some small things to protect our environment. I’m sure everybody is able to do something meaningful to make the world better.
【解析】
1. 题干解读：这篇作文要求考生就环保话题，写一篇短文介绍环境保护的重要性并谈谈在日常生活中我们该如何保护环境，属于话题作文。
2. 写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应以第一人称和一般现在时为主，以第三人称为辅展开陈述。写作时要承接开头，先介绍保护环境的重要性，再介绍如何保护环境，最后谈一谈感受。行文注意主谓一致和上下文的过度，符合逻辑关系，保证无语法和单词拼写错误。