中考英语二轮语法专项复习-定语从句(含解析)

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名称 中考英语二轮语法专项复习-定语从句(含解析)
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语二轮语法专项复习-定语从句
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、单项选择
1.Most kids like the friends ________ understand them well.
A.which B.who C.where
2.The nurse ________ is looking after the old man in the hospital is David’s sister.
A.how B.which C.who
3.Abing’s Erquan Yingyue is a piece of music ________ has become one of China’s national treasures.
A.who B.which C.whose D.what
4.—Do you know the girl ________ is talking with our teacher
—Oh, she’s my sister.
A.which B.whose C.who D.whom
5.Please pass me the magazine _________ has a picture of China’s C919 plane on the cover.
A./ B.that C.what D.who
6.Liu Yang is the first woman astronaut ________ has ever traveled in space.
A.whom B.which C.that
7.I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago.
A.which B.who C.that D.whom
8.China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew(周受资), the CFO of ByteDance.
A.against; that B.for; which C.against; who D.for; that
9.—Nearly everyone likes to live in the house ________ windows face south.
—You are right.
A.that B.whose C.which D.where
10.Our country is not the poor country _________ it used to be.
A.who B.what C.that D.whom
11.I like the present ________ you bought for me.
A.what B.which C.who D.when
12.—Is this the village _________ you lived when you were born
—Yes. I was born here.
A.where B.which C.that D.what
13.The Chinese idiom dongru tuotu praises people ________ are active like a rabbit.
A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
14.He still lives in the room ________ is in the north of the city.
A.when B.whose C.which D.where
15.—Why do you call him Mr. Knowledgeable
—Because he knows almost everything ________ we want to know.
A.which B.what C.who D.that
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
16.He is my good friend _______ (who) I’ve known for many years.
17.She is the girl ________ (who) mother is a teacher.
18.This is the watch that ________ (buy) in the supermarket by your father.
19.—What kind of clothes do you like
—I like clothes that ________(be)unusual.
20.Zhang Yimou is the ________ (direct) who directed the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
21.Guilin is really a beautiful city in southern China which ___________ (lie) on the two sides of the Lijiang River.
22.I like teachers who ________ (be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.
23.—I know a boy ________(who) name is David.
— Really I have a close friend that has the same name to him.
24.He prefers ________ (music) who write their own lyrics
25.The movies that _______ (be) like Titanic make me cry.
三、多句选词填空(共0分
用方框中所给的关系代词填空。
that, whom, who, whose, which
26.It’s Mount Tai __________ lies in Shandong Province.
27.This is the girl for __________ I’m making a birthday cake.
28.The man __________ car is red likes doing sports here.
29.That’s the most interesting book __________ I have ever read.
30.Do you know the woman __________ is planting trees
用关系代词that, which或who填空
31.This is the film ________ Bruce Lee starred in.
32.Do you know the scientist ________ invented the machine
33.The village ________ we used to live in is very far from here.
34.The woman ________ is watering flowers is my aunt.
35.Where is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday
36.The watch ________ I lost yesterday is made in Japan.
37.The village ________ I was born in was called Gun Tree.
38.I visited the person ________ invented the important machine.
39.This is the most interesting film ________ I have ever seen.
40.Armstrong was the first person ________ walked on the moon.
四、完成句子
41.他是一个获得了诺贝尔文学奖的优秀作家。
He is a great writer ________ ________ the Nobel Prize in Literature.
42.众所周知,词汇对学习英语来说很重要。
________ ________ known to all, vocabulary is very important to learn English.
43.毫无疑问,中国人最了解茶的本质。
The Chinese are without doubt the ones ________ ________ understand the nature of tea.
44.其次,我们最好选择环保产品。
Secondly, we’d better choose products ______ ______ ______ ______ the environment.
45.俗话说:“不到长城非好汉。”
As the saying goes, “______________________________________”
46.我更喜欢自己创作音乐的歌手。
I ______ the singers _______ write their own music.
47.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
Yesterday I helped an old man _________ _________ his way.
48.Dance of the Golden Snake ___________ be a piece of music ___________ suits the festivities.
《金蛇狂舞》一定是一首适合庆祝活动的乐曲。
49.正如俗话所说:“不到长城非好汉。”
As an old saying goes, “He ____________________________ not a true man.”
50.广州塔位于广州市中心,欢迎国内外游客前来参观。
Canton Tower ________ ________ ________ the center of Guangzhou ________ visitors both at home and abroad.
五、汉译英:整句
51.我不认识正在跳舞的那些女孩。
_________________________________________________________
52.她喜欢人们真地很友好的地方。
_________________________________________________________
53.我表弟喜欢天气一直温暖的地方。
__________________________________________________________
54.这是我曾经游览过的最美丽的城市之一。
__________________________________________________________
55.——你喜欢什么种类的音乐?
——我喜欢我可以跟着跳舞的音乐。
__________________________________________________________
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:大多数孩子喜欢那些很了解他们的朋友。
考查定语从句。根据题干结构可知,空后是定语从句。先行词是指人,连接词在句中作主语,应用who,故选B。
2.C
【详解】句意:在医院照顾老人的护士是大卫的妹妹。
考查定语从句。先行词是指人的名词“nurse”,且在从句中作主语,应用who引导,故选C。
3.B
【详解】句意:阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首已成为中国国宝之一的音乐。
考查定语从句。who谁;which哪个;whose谁的;what什么。分析句子结构可知,此句是一个定语从句;根据“has become one of China’s national treasures”可知,从句缺少主语,先行词是music,which作从句主语。故选B。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你认识正在和我们老师说话的那个女孩吗?——哦,她是我妹妹。
考查定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词girl指人,连接词在从句中作主语,应用who引导定语从句,故选C。
5.B
【详解】句意:请把封面上有中国C919飞机图片的杂志递给我。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“the magazine ... has a picture of China’s C919 plane on the cover”可知此处是定语从句,先行词“the magazine”指物,且在从句中作主语,此处用that引导定语从句。故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:刘洋是有史以来第一位在太空旅行的女宇航员。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此句为定语从句,先行词为woman astronaut,且有序数词the first修饰,在从句中作主语,应该用that引导定语从句,故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:我仍然记得几年前我在伦敦访问过的大学和老师们。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是the college and the teachers,既有人又有物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:中国反对美国对TikTok的行动。“许多被指出的风险根本不是真的。”字节跳动首席财务官周受资说。
考查介词辨析以及定语从句。against反对;for为了。根据“China is…the US’ action on TikTok”可知,中国在反对美国对TikTok的行动,所以第一空填against。第二空所在句子是定语从句,先行词risks是指物,在从句中作主语,用关系词that,故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:——几乎每个人都喜欢住在窗户朝南的房子里。——你是对的。
考查定语从句引导词。句子是定语从句,先行词是house,关系词在从句中作定语,应用whose引导。故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:我们的国家不再是过去那个贫穷的国家了。
考查定语从句。who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句;that先行词为人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom先行词是人,在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是country,关系词在从句中作宾语,应用that,故选C。
11.B
【详解】句意:我喜欢你给我买的礼物。
考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;which指物,作主语或宾语;who指人,作主语或宾语;when作状语,先行词一般是时间。分析句子可知,此空是作bought的宾语,且先行词指物,应用which,故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:——这就是你出生时住的村庄吗?——对。我出生在这里。
考查定语从句。where引导定语从句,在定语从句中作状语,先行词是地点名词;which引导定语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语,先行词是物;that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语,指人或物;what不引导定语从句。句中先行词village“村庄”为地点名词,且从句中的lived“居住”为不及物动词,故应用where引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。故选A。
13.C
【详解】句意:中国成语“动如脱兔”称赞像兔子一样活跃的人。
考查定语从句。which指代的先行词为物,在句中作主语或宾语;whom指代的先行词为人,在句中作宾语;who指代的先行词为人,在句中作主语;whose表示“那个(那些)人的、它(它们)的”,指代的先行词为人或物,在从句中作定语,修饰名词。句中先行词“people”指人,且关系代词应在从句中作主语,用who,故选C。
14.C
【详解】句意:他仍然住在城市北部的那个房间里。
考查定语从句。when作为定语从句的引导词时,表示时间,在从句中充当时间状语;whose它所指代的先行词是人,在从句中作定语;which是关系代词,代替先行词(人或物)在从句中起到代词的作用;where关系副词,在从句中作状语,用于表示地点。先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词which。故选C。
15.D
【详解】句意:——你为什么称呼他博学先生?——因为他几乎知道我们想要知道的一切。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“everything”可知此处应填定语从句关系词,而先行词“everything”为复合不定代词,关系词只能用that,故选D。
16.who/whom
【详解】句意:他是我认识多年的好朋友。分析句子可知,从句“I’ve known for many years”作定语修饰名词“friend”,即该句是含定语从句的复合句;先行词“friend”指人,关系词在从句中作“known”的宾语,故可用who/whom。故填who/whom。
17.whose
【详解】句意:她就是母亲是教师的那个女孩。此空修饰名词mother,应填whose“谁的”作定语,故填whose。
18.was bought
【详解】句意:这是你爸爸在超市里买的那块表。分析句子可知,that引导的是定语从句,that代指的是watch,watch与buy之间是被动关系;“买”的动作发生在过去,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态;再根据这里watch是单数形式,所以用was+过去分词。故填was bought。
19.are
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么样的衣服?——我喜欢与众不同的衣服。本题是由that引导的定语从句,从句的逻辑主语是clothes,为复数。因此谓语用are,故填are。
20.director
【详解】句意:张艺谋是那个执导了北京2022年冬奥会开幕仪式的导演。根据空前的定冠词“the”和“who”引导的定语从句可知,此空需用“direct”的名词“director”。根据主语“Zhang Yimou”可知用单数即可。故填director。
21.lies
【详解】句意:桂林是中国一座非常美丽的城市,它位于丽江两岸。分析句子结构可知,句子是定语从句,修饰单数名词city,谓语动词根据“city”来判断,故谓语用第三人称单数,lie“位于”第三人称单数是lies,故填lies。
22.are
【详解】句意:我喜欢对每个学生都友好、乐于助人和公平的老师。本题是由who引导的定语从句,先行词teachers是复数,因此be动词用are。故填are。
23.whose
【详解】句意:——我认识一个叫David的男孩。——真的吗?我有一个和他同名的好朋友。根据空后的“name”可知,空缺处用who的所有格whose,故填whose。
24.musicians
【详解】句意:他更喜欢自己写歌词的音乐家。分析句子可知后面是who引导的定语从句,空格处缺少先行词,则先行词应指人,musician“音乐家”,从句的谓语动词write是原形,先行词应为复数形式。故填musicians。
25.are
【详解】句意:像泰坦尼克号一样的电影让我哭了。be like “像”的意思,本题是由that引导的定语从句,从句中逻辑主语是The movies为复数,因此谓语用are。故填are。
26.that/which 27.whom 28.whose 29.that 30.who/that
【解析】26.句意:泰山位于山东省。句子是定语从句,先行词Mount Tai指物,在从句中作主语,因此关系代词用that/which。故填that/which。
27.句意:这就是我为她做生日蛋糕的女孩。先行词the girl指人,因此介词for后用关系词whom。故填whom。
28.句意:汽车是红色的那个人喜欢在这做运动。先行词The man指人,在从句中作定语,因此关系词用whose。故填whose。
29.句意:那是我读过的最有趣的书。先行词是book,指物,且先行词有最高级修饰,因此关系词用that。故填that。
30.句意:你认识那个正在植树的女人吗?先行词是the woman,指人,且在从句中作主语,因此关系词用who/that。故填who/that。
31.that/which 32.who/that 33.that/which 34.who/that 35.that/which 36.that/which 37.that/which 38.that/who 39.that 40.that
【解析】31.句意:这是一部李小龙主演的电影。先行词film指的是物,定语从句“Bruce Lee starred in”缺宾语,用关系代词which或that指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
32.句意:你知道发明这个机器的科学家么?先行词“the scientist”指的是人,定语从句“invented the machine”缺主语,用关系代词who或that指代人,在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。
33.句意:我们过去住的那个村子离这里非常远。先行词village指的是物,定语从句“we used to live in”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
34.句意:正在给花浇水的女人是我的姑姑。先行词“The woman”指的是人,定语从句“is watering flowers”缺主语。用关系代词who或that指代人,在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。
35.句意:我昨天在图书馆借的书在那里?先行词“the book”指的是物,定语从句“I borrowed from the library”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
36.句意:我昨天丢的手表是日本产的。先行词“The watch”指的是物,定语从句“I lost yesterday”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
37.句意:我出生的那个村子被称为桉树。先行词“The village”指的是物,定语从句“I was born in”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
38.句意:我拜访了发明这个重要的机器的人。先行词“the person”指的是人,定语从句“invented the important machine”缺主语。用关系代词who或that指代人,在定语从句中作主语。故填that/who。
39.句意:这是我曾看过的最有趣的电影。先行词“the most interesting film”指的是物,是最高级结构。定语从句“I have ever seen”缺宾语。用关系代词“that”指代物,在定语从句中作宾语。故填that。
40.句意:阿姆斯壮是第一个在月球上行走的人。先行词“the first person”指的是人,是序数词“the first”作限定修饰的结构,定语从句“walked on the moon”缺主语。用关系代词that指代人,在定语从句中作主语。故填that。
41. who/that won
【详解】根据题干可知,应用定语从句,获得:win,是动词,此处表示过去发生的事情,应用过去式;先行词a great writer是人,在从句中作主语,用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that;won。
42. As is
【详解】由中英文对比可知,缺少“总所周知”,英文表达为as is known to all;as位于句首,首字母a大写。故填As;is。
43. who best
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处考查定语从句。先行词the ones指人,故用who引导定语从句;best“最”。故填who;best。
44. which/that are friendly to
【详解】对……友好:be friendly to;句子是定语从句,先行词是名词复数products,关系词在从句中作主语,用that/which引导定语从句,从句中用一般现在时,be动词用are。故填which/that;are;friendly;to。
45.He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
【详解】由英汉对照可知,空格处填“不到长城非好汉”,“不到长城非好汉” He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man,此句是谚语。故填He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
46. prefer
who/that
【详解】对比中英文可知,第一个空为“更喜欢”,用动词prefer,此句为一般现在时态,主语是“I”,故填动词原形prefer;根据“the singers...write their own music”可知,第二个空为定语从句的关系词,且在从句中作主语。先行词指人,关系代词可用who或that。故填prefer;who/that。
47. who/that lost
【详解】此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导;lose one’s way“迷路”,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填who/that;lost。
48. must which/that
【详解】must“一定”,是情态动词;分析第二空的前后可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是a piece of music,指物,从句缺主语,所以应用which或that引导定语从句。故填must;which/that。
49.who has never been to the Great Wall is
【详解】“不到长城非好汉”是一句谚语,即“从未去过长城的人不是真正的好汉”。He后跟定语从句,引导词用who;has never been to the Great Wall“从未去过长城”;主语是单数,be动词用is。故填who has never been to the Great Wall is。
50. that/which lies in welcomes
【详解】“位于广州市中心”可用动词lie表示“位于”,介词短语in the center of Guangzhou表示“在广州的市中心”。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语为“欢迎”,即用动词welcome,因此“位于广州市中心”应作为定语修饰主语Canton Tower,先行词表示物,应用that或which引导定语从句,句子采用一般现在时,从句主语Canton Tower为第三人称单数,从句谓语应用动词lie的三单形式lies,主句的主语也为Canton Tower,因此主句的谓语应用动词welcome的三单形式welcomes。故填that/which;lies;in;welcomes。
51.I don’t know the girls who are dancing./I don’t know the girls that are dancing.
【详解】根据汉语可知,句子是一个否定句。主语为I;know“知道”,作谓语;否定句应使用助动词don’t;the girls“那些女孩”,作宾语;“那些正在跳舞的”作定语,为定语从句,先行词为“人”,连接词使用that/who。故填I don’t know the girls who are dancing./I don’t know the girls that are dancing.
52.She likes places where the people are really friendly.
【详解】she“她”;like“喜欢”,动词,此处是描述一般性的情况,应用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式;place“地方”,可数名词,此处应用复数表示泛指;people“人们”;really“真正”;friendly“友好的”,形容词。分析句意可知,这是一个主从复合句,应用where引导定语从句,修饰先行词places。故填She likes places where the people are really friendly.
53.My cousin likes places where the weather is always warm.
【详解】my cousin“我表弟”;like“喜欢”,动词,句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式;place“地方”,名词,应用复数表示泛指;分析题干可知,本句应使用定语从句,修饰先行词places,表示地点,可以用where引导定语从句;weather“天气”;is“是”;always“总是”;warm“温暖”。故填My cousin likes places where the weather is always warm.
54.It is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited.
【详解】这是:it is;最美丽的:the most beautiful;城市:city;我:I;曾经:ever;游览:visit。结合句意可知,表达“最美丽的城市之一”会用到句型one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数,city的复数形式为cities。根据“我曾经游览过的”可知,定语从句时态为现在完成时,现在完成时结构:主语+have/has+过去分词。定语从句的先行词cities为复数,所以从句的助动词用have,所以表达“我曾经游览过的”用从句that I have ever visited。故填It is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited.
55.—What kind of music do you like
—I like music that I can dance to.
【详解】分析所给中文可知是特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词是what;种类kind of;音乐music;喜欢like。主语you;助动词do。答句用定语从句,主句是I like music;定语从句是that I can dance to。故填—What kind of music do you like —I like music that I can dance to.
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