Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents？Section B
单词检测 1. _______________ n. 成员；分子 2. _______________ n. 意见；想法；看法 3. _______________ n. 技艺；技巧 4. _______________ adj. 典型的 5. _______________ v. 持续；继续存在 6. _______________ v. 比较 7. _______________ adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 8. _______________ v. 鞭策；督促；推动 9. _______________ v. 造成；引起 10. _______________ adv. 可能；大概；也许 11. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）压力 12. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）比赛；竞赛；竞争 13. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）发展；发育；成长 14. _______________（adj.）→ _______________（adv.）通常
短语自测 1. ___________________________ 删除；删去 2. ___________________________ 比较；对比 3. ___________________________ 依……看；在某人看来 4. ___________________________ 以便于 5. ___________________________ 和某人吵架 6. ___________________________ 继续做某事 7. ___________________________ 发现某人正在做某事 8. ___________________________ 谈论 9. ___________________________ 对某人友好 10. ___________________________ 给某人打电话 11. ___________________________ 害怕 12. ___________________________ 直到……才 13. ___________________________ 从今以后；今后 14. ___________________________ 不再 15. ___________________________ 相互 16. ___________________________ 闲逛
重点句子 1. I have to compete with my classmates at school. 在学校我不得不和我的同班同学竞争。 2. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities…或许我可以减掉他们几个活动…… 3. I really want them to be successful. 我真的希望他们将来能成功。 4. However, the tired children don’t get home until after 7:00 p.m. 然而，疲惫的孩子们直到晚上7点以后才回到家。 5. Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们总是把她们的孩子送去各种辅导班。 6. And they are always comparing them with other children. 并且她们总是把他们和别的孩子对比。 7. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development. 医生说太多的压力对孩子们的发展是没有好处的。 8. In my opinion, it is important for children / parents to…在我看来，对孩子们/家长来说……是重要的。
答案：
1. member 2. opinion 3. skill 4. typical 5. continue
6. compare 7. crazy 8. push 9. cause 10. perhaps 11. press；pressure
12. compete；competition 13. develop；development 14. usual；usually
短语：
cut out 2. compare...with 3. in one’s opinion 4. so that 5. have a fight with sb
6.keep on doing sth 7. find sb doing sth 8. talk about 9. be nice to sb 10. call sb up
11. be afraid of 12. not...until 13. in future 14. not...any more 15. each other
16. hang out
(
课后培优练
级练
)
培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、单词填空
1．Don’t always c________ with others. You should just be yourself.
2．Are you c________ We cannot spend so much money buying such a small car!
3．Students have less p________ than before because of the “double reduction” policy（“双减”政策）.
4．You do not look very well. P________ you should see a doctor.
5．Different people have different o________ on chores. People think quite differently.
6．Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s ________. (发展)
7．You look sick. You can’t ________ (继续) working any more.
8．The heavy rain will ________（引起）a lot of problems.
9．Today let’s learn something about English writing ________ (技巧).
10．Would you please help me p________ (推动) the chair outside
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
11．I don’t want to give ________ (opinion) about your study. I believe time will tell everything.
12．They can make modern machines with the ________ (develop) of science.
13．________(continue)the rich life, Chinese people keep on working hard.
14．Mike is one of the ________ (member) of the school soccer team.
15．I want to be a fireman in the future, but my parents ________（agree）. They want me to become a doctor.
16．Are you brave enough ________（express）your opinion in front of people
17．I want to talk about the ________ (important) of afterschool classes.
18．I want to be a ________ (success) person in the future.
19．—Father, I’m afraid I can’t win this English ________ (compete).
—Believe in yourself, my girl, and tell yourself not to give up.
20．In China, people ________ (usual) clean up their houses to sweep away bad luck before the Spring Festival.
三、单项选择
21．— National Fire Prevention Day is only three days from now.
— We can ________ notices around the school to tell all the students about it.
A．try out B．run out C．hand out D．cut out
22．—Why is Jason unhappy
—Because he has no friends at school. He often feels ________.
A．lonely B．crazy C．sick
23．—Mr. Yuan runs at least half an hour every day.
—What a good ________! He becomes healthier now.
A．skill B．habit C．idea
24．If you ________ his work with hers, you’ll find hers is much better.
A．push B．compare C．press D．raise
25．Students will have a chance to learn some useful ________ when having labor (劳动) education in school.
A．skills B．development C．reports D．independence
26．You’d better not ________ yourself ________ others. Just be yourself.
A．explain; to B．communicate; with
C．compete; to D．compare; with
27．—My mom always gives me much pressure. What should I do
—Why not have good ________ with her
A．situation B．communication C．satisfaction D．opinion
28．The hotel was far from the station. Luckily, we ________ to catch the train.
A．decided B．managed C．failed D．continued
29．It will take us too long hours to drive from Shijiazhuang to Guangzhou, so let’s fly ________.
A．alone B．instead C．perhaps D．lonely
30．Parents usually make a big ________ to their children’s life.
A．opinion B．difficulty C．difference D．advice
四、完成句子
31．一些父母总是将自己的孩子和别人的孩子进行比较。
Some parents are always ________ their own kids ________ other children.
32．太多的压力会让孩子们不开心。
________ will make children unhappy.
33．山姆喜欢和朋友们一起在公园闲逛。
Sam likes to ________ ________ ________ his friends in the park.
34．他总是问我愚蠢的问题。
He ________ ________ ________ me silly questions.
35．多吃蔬菜和水果对你的健康有好处。
Eating more fruit and vegetables ________ ________ ________ your health.
36．继续努力学习，下次你就会通过考试。
________ ________ ________ hard, and you’ll pass the exam next time.
37．直到车停了，我们才下了公交车。
We ________ get off the bus ________ it ________.
38．慢慢地对他说，以便他能更好地理解你。
Speak to him slowly ________ ________ he can understand you better.
39．玛丽和她的父母相处融洽。
Mary ________ ________ well with her parents.
40．不要总是拿农村和城市进行比较。
Don’t always ________ the countryside ________ the city.
参考答案：
1．(c)ompare##(c)ompete
【详解】句意：不要总是和别人比/竞争。你应该做自己。根据Don’t可知此处是祈使句的否定句，空处应该填动词原形。compare with...意为“与……比较”，compete with...意为“与……竞争”。故填(c)ompare/(c)ompete。
2．(c)razy
【详解】句意：你疯了吗？我们不能花这么多钱买这么小的车！根据“spend so much money buying such a small car”可知，花如此多的钱买这么小的一辆车，让人觉得很疯狂；crazy“疯狂的，不理智的”，形容词作表语。故填(c)razy。
3．(p)ressure
【详解】句意：由于“双减”政策，学生们的压力比以前小了。根据“have less…than before”和“the ‘double reduction’ policy”及首字母p可知，由于“双减”政策，学生们的压力更小了。此处应用名词pressure表示“压力”。故填(p)ressure。
4．(P)erhaps
【详解】句意：你看起来不太好。也许你应该去看医生。根据“You do not look very well...you should see a doctor”以及首字母可知生病了，也许可以看医生，perhaps“可能”。故填(P)erhaps。
5．(o)pinions
【详解】句意：不同的人对家务有不同的看法。人们的想法完全不同。根据“People think quite differently”及首字母可知，在这个事情上有不同的看法，opinion“观点，看法”，根据different可知，此空应填复数形式，故填(o)pinions。
6．development
【详解】句意：医生说压力太大不利于孩子的发展。development“发展”，此处是指抽象的发展，是不可数名词，故填development。
7．continue
【详解】句意：你看起来生病了。你不能再继续工作了。“继续”continue，动词，情态动词can后面接动词原形。故填continue。
8．cause
【详解】句意：大雨会引起很多问题。“引起”是动词cause。情态动词will后加动词原形。故填cause。
9．skills
【详解】句意：今天让我们学习一些有关英语写作技巧的东西。根据汉语提示可知本题考查单词skill“技巧”，此处指具体的英语写作技巧，为可数名词，表一类，此处应用其复数形式，故填skills。
10．(p)ush
【详解】句意：你能帮我把椅子推到外面吗？根据汉语及首字母提示可知，用动词push表示“推动”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，所以空处用动词原形，故填(p)ush。
11．opinions
【详解】句意：我不想对你的学习发表意见。我相信时间会说明一切。“opinion”是可数名词，前面没有冠词，因此应用复数形式opinions。故填opinions。
12．development
【详解】句意：随着科学的发展，他们可以制造现代机器。根据“the…of”可知，此空应该填一个名词，develop的名词是development。故填development。
13．To continue
【详解】句意：为了继续富裕的生活, 中国人民不断努力工作。根据“Chinese people keep on working hard.”可知前半句是人民努力工作的目的，所以用动词不定式“to do”作目的状语，因为是句子的开头，所以首字母要大写。故填To continue。
14．members
【详解】句意：迈克是学校足球队的成员之一。one of后跟名词复数，表示“……之一”，member的复数形式为members。故填members。
15．disagree
【详解】句意：我将来想成为一名消防员，但是我父母不同意。他们希望我成为一名医生。根据“They want me to become a doctor.”可知，父母不同意我的想法，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，用动词原形，disagree“不同意”符合句意，故填disagree。
16．to express
【详解】句意：你有足够的勇气在众人面前表达自己的观点吗？be adj. enough to do sth“足够……做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语，故填to express。
17．importance
【详解】句意：我想谈谈课外班的重要性。根据“the ... of”可知，此处要填入名词；important“重要的”，其名词为importance“重要性”。故填importance。
18．successful
【详解】句意：我想将来成为一个成功的人。根据“person”可知，此处要用形容词修饰；success“成功”，名词，其形容词为successful，意为“成功的”。故填successful。
19．competition
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我恐怕不能赢得这次英语比赛。——相信自己，我的女孩，告诉自己不要放弃。根据动词“win”可知，设空处应指competition“比赛”，且空前有this，名词应用单数形式，故填competition。
20．usually
【详解】句意：在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子以扫除霉运。空处修饰句中的动词，应用副词形式，usual的复数形式usually，意为“通常”。故填usually。
21．C
【详解】句意：——离全国消防日只有三天了。——我们可以在学校周围发通知告诉所有的学生。
考查动词短语。try out参加选拔；run out用尽；hand out分发；cut out除去。根据“…notices around the school to tell all the students about it.”可知，此处是说分发通知。故选C。
22．A
【详解】句意：——为什么杰森不开心？——因为他在学校没有朋友。他经常感到孤独。
考查形容词辨析。lonely孤独的；crazy疯狂的；sick生病的。根据“he has no friends at school”可知，没有朋友会感觉孤独，故选A。
23．B
【详解】句意：——袁先生每天至少跑步半小时。 ——多好的习惯啊！他现在变得更健康了。
考查名词辨析。skill技巧；habit习惯；idea主意。根据“Mr. Yuan runs at least half an hour every day.”可知，此处指的是每天跑步是个好习惯。故选B。
24．B
【详解】句意：如果你把她的工作和他的做个比较，你会发现她做得更好。
考查动词辨析。push推；compare比较；press按压；raise举起。根据“you’ll find hers is much better.”可知，此处表示比较两个人的工作，她的更好，compare…with… （把……和……作比较），故选B。
25．A
【详解】句意：学生在学校接受劳动教育的时候，将有机会学习一些有用的技能。
考查名词辨析。skills技能；development发展；reports报告；independence独立。根据“劳动教育”并结合常识可知，此处应是学习“技能”。故选A。
26．D
【详解】句意：你最好不要拿自己和别人比较。做你自己就好。
考查动词短语辨析。explain…to向……解释；communicate…with和……交流；compete to竞争做某事；compare…with与……相比较。根据“Just be yourself.”可知，最好不要拿自己和别人比较。故选D。
27．B
【详解】句意：——我妈妈总是给我很大的压力。我该怎么办？——为什么不和她好好沟通呢？
考查名词辨析。situation情况；communication沟通；satisfaction满意；opinion意见。根据“Why not have good...with her ”及上文的问题可知，这里是建议跟妈妈好好沟通，故选B。
28．B
【详解】句意：旅馆离车站很远。幸运的是，我们设法赶上了火车。
考查动词辨析。decided决定；managed设法努力做某事；failed失败；continued继续。根据语境“The hotel was far from the station”可知，我们很幸运地“设法”赶上了火车，manage to do sth“设法做某事”。故选B。
29．B
【详解】句意：从石家庄开车到广州时间太长，还是坐飞机吧。
考查副词辨析。alone独自；instead代替；perhaps也许；lonely孤单的，形容词。根据“It will take us too long hours to drive from Shijiazhuang to Guangzhou, so let’s fly...”可知，选择坐飞机代替开车，故选B。
30．C
【详解】句意：父母通常对孩子的生活有很大的影响。
考查名词辨析。opinion意见；difficulty困难；difference差异；advice建议。根据“Parents usually make a big ... to their children’s life.”可知，此处为短语make a big difference表示“产生重大影响”。故选C。
31． comparing with
【详解】compare…with“与……相比较”，根据are可知，第一空应填现在分词，故填comparing；with。
32．Too much stress##Too much pressure
【详解】太多：too much，位于句首，首字母大写；压力：stress/pressure。故填Too much stress/pressure。
33． hang out with
【详解】hang out with sb.“与某人一起闲逛”，动词短语；根据like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，此处用动词原形。故填hang；out；with。
34． is always asking
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，总是做某事：be always doing sth，带有感彩；问：ask；主语是He，be动词用is。故填is；always；asking。
35． is good for
【详解】be good for“对……有好处”，本句为动名词作主语，因此谓语用单数is。故填is；good；for。
36． Keep on working
【详解】分析句子结构可知，该句为“祈使句, and+陈述句”句型。“继续努力学习”用动词短语keep on working，其中working为动词名词作宾语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Keep；on；working。
37． didn’t until stopped
【详解】not... until“直到……才……”；stop“停下”。本句时态是一般过去时，因此助动词用did，与not缩写成didn’t，stop用过去式stopped。故填didn’t；until；stopped。
38． so that
【详解】根据所给中英文提示，还需补充“以便”。so that表示“以便”。故填so；that。
39． gets on##along
【详解】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应表达“相处”之意，get on/along well with sb.可表示“与……相处融洽”，符合句意；根据语境可知，此句应用一般现在时，而主语“Mary”为单数第三人称，所以get要用单三形式gets。故填gets；on/along。
40． compare with
【详解】由汉语和英语翻译可知，“和……相比”译成：compare with；这里是否定祈使句，需用动词原形。故填compare；with。
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
五、完形填空
A history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be the most fortunate (幸运的). A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.” __41__ teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed.
It is impossible for us to develop a __42__ friendship if we do not stay in one place for a long time. However, it is very necessary for each of us to think carefully about the __43__ of friendship we want.
To most of us, friendships are very important, but we need to have clear in our __44__ the kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be __45__ or kept at arm’s length (保持一定的距离) Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface (表面) For some people, many friendships on the surface are __46__ enough and that’s all right. But at some point, we need to make sure that our expectations are the same __47__ our friends’ expectations. The sharing of personal experience including our tears is the best way to deepen friendships.
What are some of the __48__ of friendship The greatest is the attraction to expect too much time. Another “major (主要的) difficulty” is the selfishness to take actions too soon. In other words, you must give as much as you take. __49__ there is a question of taking care of them. __50__ you can’t spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die away.
41．A．Knowledge B．Practice C．Experience D．Success
42．A．true B．common C．short D．whole
43．A．kind B．length C．warmth D．value
44．A．hearts B．thoughts C．actions D．minds
45．A．closed B．close C．far D．near
46．A．long B．easy C．quite D．not
47．A．as B．from C．to D．like
48．A．difficulties B．differences C．advantages D．types
49．A．Finally B．Next C．And D．Then
50．A．Though B．If C．Since D．When
六、阅读理解
A
You make friends all through your life. As a child, you make friends with the children who always play games with you; they are those who as smart as you are and have the same ideas, likes and dislikes as you do. Over time, you make more friends later in your life but they are not the same. The relationship(关系) you have had with your childhood friends is unique.
Childhood friendship is innocent (天真无邪的), and free from conditions(条件), which is why it is so important. You never forget the first friends you make. You are thankful for their help when in trouble. The moments you spend with them are special and cheerful. However, sometimes you get so busy with your life now that you don’t have time to keep relationships. You find it seem difficult to find time for meeting your old friends.
Send your childhood friends cards or gifts on their birthdays. They will feel thankful that you still keep them in mind. You can also call them or invite them for a friendly talk. It will make them feel that you still care them and your feelings are still the same. If you guys live in the same town, you can plan to have lunch or tea parties together. Be a resource (源头) of pleasure and love for your friends as you were in your childhood.
51．What do we know about childhood friends from the first paragraph
A．They have the same ideas as you. B．They are smarter than you.
C．They go to the same high school with you D．They may sometimes dislike you.
52．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Childhood friendship is innocent and doesn’t last long.
B．People love their friends more than other friends.
C．People share special moments with their childhood friends.
D．People don’t want to keep childhood friendship because of the heavy work.
53．What does the underlined word “unique” in the first paragraph mean
A．独一无二的 B．疯狂的 C．记忆犹新的 D．最无价值的
54．Which of the following is NOT a way to keep childhood friendship according to the last paragraph
A．Send gifts to your childhood friends on their birthdays. B．Call or invite your friends.
C．Visit your old friends as often as possible. D．Go out for lunch with them.
55．What is the main idea of the passage
A．One should learn to make more friends. B．How to make friends in childhood.
C．Why childhood friendship is innocent. D．We should treasure childhood friendship.
B
We spend most of our time with friends we like. Well, what kind of people are welcomed by others, then There are people that naturally attract (吸引) you. By being with them just once, you start to like them. If you wonder why they attract people and want to be a person like them, you should learn how to develop the traits (特点) that they have.
Firstly, everybody wants to be happy, and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. Well, you see, there is what you call mood linkage. If you are with a happy person, you are more probably to be happy, too. When people choose to spend time with a person, they are more likely to choose those who are cheerful. So if you are a happy person, many people will want to spend their time with you.
Next, everybody needs someone to give encouragement (鼓励) to them, because sometimes in our lives we meet failure (失败), sadness, problems and other bad things. So if you always choose to cheer (振奋起来) others up with encouraging words or actions, they will be willing to (乐意) spend time with you.
Lastly, you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful to them, no matter what it costs, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too.
It feels good if people want to be your friends because of your character. So if you want to attract people, you should learn to develop these traits.
56．What can be an example of “mood linkage” according to the passage
A．You would like to help when someone is in need.
B．You will be happy to see someone loses his games.
C．You will be happy when you are with happy people.
D．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories.
57．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．People who has a need of help.
B．People who are willing to give a hand to others.
C．People who are good at encouraging others.
D．People who ate willing to spend time with you.
58．What trait can help one to attract others
A．Being helpful. B．Being careful. C．Being strict. D．Being beautiful.
59．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
60．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Ways to Live a Happy Life B．Notes for making friends
C．Traits Needed to Attract People D．Words for Cheering Others Up
七、短文填空
Linda was Tara’s best friend before, but now things are different. Tara is a member of Purple Girls Club and they have some rules about who they can be friends with. Linda isn’t very pretty and doesn’t wear cool clothes. ____61____ she can’t be in their club. Now Tara is making a name list for her party, and she decides not to invite Linda.
“Tara, come here,” her mother calls from the living room. Tara goes to her mother and sees the school report card ____62____ her hands.
“Tara, what’s the matter with you You have failed math and English and you did ____63____ (bad) in all of your other subjects. You were such a good student before!” Tara sees the disappointment in her ____64____ (mom) eyes. She feels terrible. The ____65____ (activity) of Purple Girls Club leave her very little time for studies. The girls get together almost daily for movies, shopping and ____66____ (use) the Internet. She calls every friend in the club and asks them ____67____ her. But they all refuse (拒绝) and say “Who cares about studies now ” This makes Tara even ____68____ (sad).
Later, Tara’s mom takes her to Linda’s house across the street. Tara says sorry and Linda is glad ____69____ (have) her friend back. She ____70____ (happy) helps Tara with her studies.
Tara now has a new rule for friendship and it is that a friend that lends a helping hand is a true friend.
八、补全对话
A: Hey, how’s it going
B: Oh, all right. I’m trying to make some new friends. ___71___
A: Sure. I think, first, you should be brave enough to talk with the people who you want to make friends with.
B: Okay, thanks for your advice. Can I ask one more question
A: Go ahead please.___72___
B: Can I call them
A: ___73___ After all, friends need to communicate with each other.
B: Then I won’t be shy to get their phone numbers. What kind of friend should I make
A:___74___ I became a friend to an old man and to a young kid.
B: Wow, that’s amazing. I didn’t know making friends would be easy. ___75___
A: Good luck to you. Goodbye.
B: Goodbye.
A．I think anyone is OK.
B．Why not
C．I’m glad to help you.
D．Thank you.
E．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
F．But can you give me some advice
G． I must go now.
参考答案
41．C 42．A 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．A 49．A 50．B
【导语】本文介绍了一些关于友谊方面的情况。
41．句意：经验教会我们，他是对的。
Knowledge知识；Practice实践；Experience经验，经历；Success成功；根据“The sharing of personal experience...”可知，此处指的是“经验”，故选C。
42．句意：如果我们不在一个地方待很长时间，我们就不可能发展真正的友谊。
true真正的；common普通的；short短的；whole整个的；根据“if we do not stay in one place for a long time”可知，如果待不长，是不能得到真正的友谊的，故选A。
43．句意：然而，我们每个人都有必要仔细考虑我们想要什么样的友谊。
kind种类；length长度；warmth温暖；value价值；根据“the kinds of friendship we want”可知，要考虑想要什么样的友谊，故选A。
44．句意：对我们大多数人来说，友谊是非常重要的，但我们需要在头脑中清楚我们想要什么样的友谊。
hearts心脏；thoughts思想；actions行动；minds头脑；根据“need to have clear in our...”可知，此处是in one’s mind“在心里”，故选D。
45．句意：他们是要接近还是保持一定的距离？
closed闭合的；close接近的；far远的；near附近的；根据“or kept at arm’s length”可知，此处表示“保持亲密”，应用形容词close，故选B。
46．句意：对有些人来说，表面上的友谊就足够了，也没关系。
long长的；easy容易的；quite很，相当；not不；根据“many friendships on the surface are...enough and that’s all right”可知，对有些人来说，表面上的友谊就足够了，此处应用副词quite修饰形容词enough，故选C。
47．句意：但在某些时候，我们需要确保我们的期望和朋友的期望是一样的。
as作为；from从……；to朝；like喜欢，像；根据“the same”可知，此处是the same as“与……一样”，故选A。
48．句意：友谊有哪些困难？
difficulties困难；differences不同点；advantages优势；types类型；根据“The greatest is the attraction to expect too much time. Another “major (主要的) difficulty” is the selfishness to take actions too soon.”可知，此处说的是友谊的困难，故选A。
49．句意：最后是照顾他们的问题。
Finally最后；Next下一个；And和；Then然后；根据“The greatest is the attraction to expect too much time. Another...”可知，此处指的是“最后”，故选A。
50．句意：如果你不能花合理的时间在一起，打电话，写信，一起做事，友谊就会消失。
Though虽然；If如果；Since自从；When何时；根据“you can’t spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die away.”可知，此处是假设的条件关系，应用if引导条件状语从句，故选B。
51．A 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了儿童时期所结交的朋友的特别之处，并介绍了如何与这些朋友保持联系的方法。
51．细节理解题。根据“they are those who as smart as you are and have the same ideas, likes and dislikes as you do”可知，和朋友有着相同的想法，故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“The moments you spend with them are special and cheerful”可知，人们与童年的朋友分享特殊的时刻，故选C。
53．词义猜测题。根据“Over time, you make more friends later in your life but they are not the same. The relationship(关系) you have had with your childhood friends is unique”可知，长大之后结交的朋友与童年时期的是不一样的，所以划线部分表示“独一无二的”，故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“Send your childhood friends cards or gifts on their birthdays”“You can also call them or invite them for a friendly talk”“you can plan to have lunch or tea parties together”可知，不包括“尽可能多去拜访你的老朋友”，故选C。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了儿童时期所结交的朋友的特别之处，并介绍了如何与这些朋友保持联系的方法，目的是为了要告诉读者珍惜儿童时期的朋友，故选D。
56．C 57．A 58．A 59．D 60．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者介绍了一些可以吸引他人的特质。
56．词句猜测题。根据原文“If you are with a happy person, you are more probably to be happy, too”可知，所谓的“mood linkage”是指与快乐的人在一起，你也会变得快乐。故选C。
57．词句猜测题。根据上文“you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help”可知，划线单词“them”指的是上文提到的需要帮助的人。故选A。
58．推理判断题。根据原文“You should always be helpful to them, no matter what it costs, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too”可知，乐于助人的人更有吸引他人的特质。故选A。
59．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出如何拥有一些特质使自己变得有吸引力，第二、三、四段则在分点对这些特质进行描述，第五段对文章进行了一个总结，由此可推断，文章为“总—分—总”结构，故选D。
60．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇议论文，作者介绍了一些可以吸引他人的特质。故选C。
61．So 62．in 63．badly 64．mom’s 65．activities 66．using 67．to help 68．sadder 69．to have 70．happily
【导语】本文主要讲了塔拉和琳达是好朋友，后来又交了一些其他的朋友，于是远离琳达，最后学习成绩下降，她的那些朋友们不愿意帮助她，于是塔拉主动找琳达道歉，她们再次成为朋友的故事。
61．句意：所以她不可能在她们的俱乐部里。根据“they have some rules about who they can be friends with. Linda isn’t very pretty and doesn’t wear cool clothes.”(他们有一些关于谁可以成为朋友的规则，琳达不是很漂亮，也不穿很酷的衣服)可知，空前空后是因果关系，空后表示结果，所以用so连接。故填So。
62．句意：塔拉走到母亲身边，看到母亲手里的成绩单。根据“her hands”可知，成绩单在她手里，使用介词in。故填in。
63．句息：你数学和英语都不及格，其他科目都很差。根据“you did”可知，后使用副词修饰did，结合所给词使用badly。故填badly。
64．句意：塔拉看到了妈妈眼中的失望。根据“in her”和“eyes”以及结合所给词可知，这里使用名词所有格，mom是单数名词，名词所有格是mom’s。故填mom’s。
65．句意：紫色女孩俱乐部的活动让她几乎没有时间学习。根据“of Purple Girls Club”结合所给词可知，这里使用复数形式的activities表示泛指。故填activities。
66．句意：女孩们几乎每天都聚在起看电影、购物和上网。根据“shopping and...”可知，and后也使用v-ing形式。故填using。
67．句意：她给俱乐部里的每个朋友打电话，请她们帮助她。根据“But they all refuse (拒绝) and say ‘Who cares about studies now ’ ”即“helps Tara with her studies.”可知，是请朋友帮助她，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，所以to help符合题意。故填to help。
68．句意：这让塔拉更加难过。根据“even”可知，形容词用比较级，所给词sad比较级是sadder。故填sadder。
69．句意：塔拉说抱歉，琳达很高兴她的朋友回来了。根据“Linda is glad”可知，这里使用be glad to do sth“高兴做某事”，结合所给词用to have。故填to have。
70．句意：她高兴地帮助塔拉学习。根据“helps Tara with her studies”结合所给词可知，使用副词happily修饰动词help。故填happily。
71．F 72．C 73．B 74．A 75．D
【分析】本对话关于怎样交新朋友。
71．根据上文“I’m trying to make some new friends.”和答句“Sure. I think, first, you should be brave enough to talk with the people who you want to make friends with.”可知，此处表示请求对方提供一些关于交朋友的建议，选项F“但是你能给我一些建议吗？”符合语境，故选F。
72．根据上文“Can I ask one more question A: Go ahead please.”可知，此处表示愿意提供帮助，选项C“我很高兴帮助你。”符合语境，故选C。
73．根据上文“Can I call them ”和下文“After all, friends need to communicate with each other.”可知，朋友之间需要互相沟通，选项B“为什么不（给他们打电话）呢？”符合语境，故选B。
74．根据上文“What kind of friend should I make ”和下文“I became a friend to an old man and to a young kid.”可知，此处表达任何人都能做朋友，选项A“我想任何人都可以。”符合语境，故选A。
75．根据上文“I didn’t know making friends would be easy.”可知，此处表达对对方给出的帮助给予感谢，选项D“谢谢你”符合语境，故选D。
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、完形填空
（2017·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
As the saying goes, “Friends are treasure in our lives.” I remember when I was growing up, my mom always ___1___, “Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others.” It’s true. Friends make ___2___ enjoy the taste of our success and joys (快乐) and comfort us in our challenging moments. They provide a mirror (镜子) for us ___3___ more about ourselves. I’ve always looked at friends as family ___4___. They enrich(丰富) our lives. As a famous writer once said, “A friend is a present which you give ___5___.”
To be a good friend, it’s important to be a good listener. Hear ___6___ your friend says first rather than making conclusions (结论) quickly.
Sometimes ___7___ is useful to repeat their words back to them. It can help them realize whether their words were what they wanted to say.
Patience(耐心) is an important part of being a good friend, ___8___. You know the old golden rule, “Care ___9___ others the way you would like them to care for you.” The support of a friend during a ____10____ time can make the difference between success ____11____ failure. Encouragement and confidence are the ____12____ gifts that can change a person’s life.
We should choose our friends ____13____, because they can have a great influence on our lives. As ____14____ told me, “The attitudes(态度) of your friends are like the buttons (按钮)on a lift. They will ____15____ take you up or down.”
1．A．said B．told C．talked D．spoke
2．A．us B．me C．her D．them
3．A．learning B．learns C．will learn D．to learn
4．A．friends B．children C．members D．enemies
5．A．herself B．yourself C．himself D．myself
6．A．what B．that C．which D．whose
7．A．this B．that C．these D．it
8．A．never B．either C．too D．also
9．A．of B．with C．for D．in
10．A．easy B．difficult C．happy D．wonderful
11．A．but B．so C．and D．or
12．A．best B．better C．worse D．worst
13．A．careless B．carefully C．careful D．carelessly
14．A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one
15．A．neither B．all C．both D．either
二、阅读理解
（2019·云南昆明·中考真题）Many Chinese mothers are afraid that their children will fall behind their classmates,so these mothers are becoming"tiger mothers". They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. Is it true Lulu and her sister Sophia may have a say.
Lulu and Sophia have a"tiger mother". She pushed them a lot when they were young. For example, they were not allowed to get grades lower than A's.They had to practice the piano or violin for several hours a day. There were no games or TV.
The tiger mother, Amy, is a Chinese-American professor at Yale Law School in the USA．Several years ago, she wrote a book named Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and shared her strict parenting style(育儿方式)in it.
Many people don't like Amy's style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother.Sophia has just graduated from Yale University. She is hard-working, friendly and helpful. Not long ago, she shared some useful studying tips online. Lulu is also a warm, smart and popular girl her friends eyes. She said tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out.
Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style. In fact, there isn't a parenting style that fits everyone. What's the best parenting style for you Maybe you should work it out together with your parents.
根据短文内容.选择最佳答案。
16．According to the passage, “tiger mothers” .
A．don' t mind their children falling behind their classmates
B．don' t care about their children's feelings when they grow up
C．believe pushing their children hard can help them succeed
D．believe the more happily the kids study, the harder their life will be
17．What can we know about Amy
A．She is teaching in China.
B．She loves playing the violin.
C．She is the mother of of the two girls.
D．She is liked by many people.
18．In Lulu and Sophia's opinion, their mother is .
A．great B．worried C．humorous D．hateful
19．What can we infer(推断) from the passage
A．You can find tiger mothers only in China.
B．Lulu graduated from Yale University, too.
C．Sophia is not a popular girl in her friends'eyes.
D．Different children need different parenting styles
20．Which of the following is probably the title
A．Lulu and Sophia
B．Do you want a tiger mother
C．Chinese Mothers
D．How can you become a tiger mother
三、短文填空
（2019·四川德阳·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容在方框内选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整（每空一词，每词只用一次）。
who forget always care you friend up secrets trust need
As a saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friendship is one of the best things in our life. A true friend is __21__ by our side and gives us his or her help and comfort when we __22__ them.It’s not easy for everyone to make a true friend in the daily life. Be __23__ to choose a friend. We should choose someone __24__ has a good character（性格）. We also should avoid those people who aren’t honest. If you hope that __25__ friendship can last for a long time, please choose a good friend at first.
We all know that friendship is very precious（珍贵的）.A true friend can always be __26__ and respected. If you tell a friend your __27__ , he or she won’t tell anyone else. Good __28__ always help each other when they are in trouble and cheer each other __29__ when they are sad. In a word, don’t ___30___ him or her when you have made a good friend! Let’s value our precious friendship.
参考答案：
A 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．B
11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D
【分析】朋友是我们生活中的财富，文章讲述了择友的标准和成为一个好朋友的方法。
1．句意：我妈妈总是说：“做任何事情的一半乐趣在于与他人分享。”
said说，强调说的内容；told告诉；talked谈论；spoke发言。根据句中“Half the fun of doing anything is sharing with others.”可知，这是妈妈说话的内容，所以此处使用said。故选A。
2．句意：朋友让我们享受成功和欢乐的滋味。
us我们；me我；her她，她的；them他们。根据句中“our success and joys”可知，此处是“使我们享受成功的滋味和快乐”，所以使用us。故选A。
3．句意：他们为我们提供了一面镜子，让我们更多地了解自己。
learning现在分词或动名词；learns动词的单三形式；will learn将要了解，一般将来时；to learn动词不定式。根据句中“They provide a mirror for us”可知，他们为我们提供了镜子的目的是为了让我们更好地了解自己，所以此处使用动词不定式to learn表示目的。故选D。
4．句意：我一直把朋友视为家人。
friends朋友；children孩子们；members成员；enemies敌人。根据下文中“They enrich our lives.”可知，朋友丰富了我们的生活，结合句中“looked at friends as”可知，此处是“我一直把朋友当成自己的家庭成员”，所以使用members。故选C。
5．句意：朋友是你给自己的一份礼物。
herself她自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；myself我自己。根据句中“you”可知，此处使用yourself，表示“你送给你自己的礼物”。故选B。
6．句意：先听你朋友说什么，而不是快速下结论。
what什么；that那样；which哪一个；whose谁的。根据句中“your friend says”可知，此处是你朋友说的内容，所以使用what，what your friend says作动词hear的宾语。故选A。
7．句意：有时把他们的话重复给他们听是很有用的。
this这个；that那个；these这些；it作形式主语。根据句中“to repeat their words back to them”可知，此处使用it，it在句中作形式主语，真正主语是to repeat their words back to them。故选D。
8．句意：耐心也是成为好朋友的重要部分。
never从不；either也，用于否定句中；too也，用于肯定句中；also也。根据上文中“To be a good friend, it’s important to be a good listener.”可知，要成为一个好朋友，做一个好的倾听者是很重要的，所以此处是“耐心也是成为好朋友的重要部分”；由于该句为肯定句，所以不能使用either；also通常用于主语之后，而不是在句子末尾，所以此处使用too。故选C。
9．句意：像你希望别人关心你那样关心别人。
of属于……的；with用；for为了；in在……里。根据句中“care”可知，此处是短语care for，表示“关心”。故选C。
10．句意：在困难时期朋友的支持是成功与失败的关键。
easy容易的；difficult困难的；happy开心的；wonderful精彩的。根据句中“support”可知，此处是“在困难的时候有朋友的支持”，所以使用difficult。故选B。
11．句意：在困难时期朋友的支持是成功与失败的关键。
but但是；so因此；and并且，和；or或者。根据句中“between”可知，此处是between…and…“在……和……之间”。故选C。
12．句意：鼓励和自信是能改变一个人生活的最好礼物。
best最好的；better更好的；worse更糟糕的；worst最糟糕的。根据句中“the”可知，此处使用形容词最高级，所以排除B和C；根据句中“change a person’s life”可知，此处使用best，表示“鼓励和自信是改变一个人生活的最好礼物”。故选A。
13．句意：我们应该慎重选择朋友，因为他们对我们的生活有很大的影响。
careless粗心的；carefully谨慎地；careful小心的；carelessly粗心地。根据句中“because they can have a great influence on our lives”可知，因为朋友对我们的生活有很大的影响，我们应该谨慎地选择朋友；故用副词carefully修饰动词choose。故选B。
14．句意：有人告诉我：“朋友的态度就像电梯上的按钮。”
anyone任何人；someone有人；everyone人人；no one没有人。根据下文中“The attitudes of your friends are like the buttons on a lift.”可知，这是有人告诉我的话，所以此处是“有人告诉我”，所以使用someone。故选B。
15．句意：他们要么带你上去，要么带你下去。
neither两者都不；all所有；both两者都；either（两者之中的）任何一个。根据句中“or”可知，此处是either…or…“要么……，要么……，或者……，或者……”，即朋友的态度就像电梯，要么带你向上，要么带你向下。故选D。
16．C 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B
【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了现在许多中国母亲为了孩子成为“虎妈”，Lulu和Sophia就是在自己虎妈的严格要求下成长起来的，Sophia刚从耶鲁大学毕业，Lulu也是朋友眼中温暖、聪明受欢迎的女孩，但是虎妈的教育方式并不能适应于每个人，并不是每个人都同意虎妈式教育。
16．细节理解题。根据文中的信息tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out. 虎妈们相信，孩子只要被逼着全力以赴就能成功。可知“虎妈们”相信，逼迫孩子努力可以帮助他们成功。故答案选C。
17．细节理解题。根据文中的信息Many people don't like Amy's style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother. 很多人不喜欢艾米的教育方式。他们曾经担心她的女儿们不会幸福。然而，这两个女孩已经长大了，他们感谢她们的母亲。可知艾米是两个女孩的母亲，故答案选C。
18．细节理解题。根据文中的信息the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother. 两个女儿已经长大了，她们很感谢她们的母亲。可知在她们眼中，母亲是伟大的，故答案选A。
19．细节理解题。根据文中的信息Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style. In fact, there isn't a parenting style that fits everyone. 不过，并不是所有人都同意虎妈的育儿方式。事实上，没有一种适合所有人的教育方式。可知不同的孩子需要不同的教育方式，故答案选D。
20．标题归纳题。根据文中的信息Lulu and Sophia have a"tiger mother".可知，本文主要讲述了现在许多中国母亲为了孩子而成为"虎妈"，但是虎妈的教育方式并不能适应于每个人，并不是每个人都同意虎妈式教育。结合选项A. Lulu and Sophia露露和索菲亚；B. Do you want a tiger mother 你想要一个虎妈吗 C. Chinese Mothers中国妈妈；D. How can you become a tiger mother 你怎样才能成为一个虎妈 可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
21．always 22．need 23．careful 24．who 25．your 26．trusted 27．secrets 28．friends 29．up 30．forget
【分析】文章主要介绍了什么是真正的朋友。当我们需要朋友时，一个真正的朋友总会在我们身边给我们帮助。文章也告诉我们如何选择朋友，在日常生活中交到一个好朋友不容易，所以我们要珍惜。
21．句意：一个真正的朋友总是在我们身边，在我们需要的时候给我们帮助和安慰。空处位于be动词之后，且句子不缺成分，所以应填一个副词；结合所给词，always“总是”符合语境，表示“真正的朋友总是会在我们身边”。故填always。
22．句意：一个真正的朋友总是在我们身边，在我们需要的时候给我们帮助和安慰。根据“gives us his or her help and comfort when we ... them.”可知，应是在需要的时候给我们帮助和安慰，need符合语境，主语是we，时态是一般现在时，所以用动词原形。故填need。
23．句意：选择朋友要谨慎。空处应填形容词作表语，根据“It’s not easy for everyone to make a true friend in the daily life.”并结合“We should choose someone... has a good character. We also should avoid those people who aren’t honest.”可知，选择朋友要谨慎，选用care对应的形容词careful。故填careful。
24．句意：我们应该选择性格好的人。本句的先行词是someone，指人，在句中作主语，所以关系代词用who。故填who。
25．句意：如果你希望你的友谊能够长久，请先选择一个好朋友。本句的主语是you，前后要保持人称一致，所以空处应指的是“你的友谊”，用备选词中you对应的形容词性物主代词your。故填your。
26．句意：真正的朋友总是值得信任和尊重的。根据“If you tell a friend your ... he or she won’t tell anyone else.”可知，此处指的是“信任”，选用trust，由空前“ can always be”可知，空处应用过去分词一起构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填trusted。
27．句意：如果你告诉一个朋友你的秘密，他或她不会告诉其他人。根据“he or she won’t tell anyone else”可知，空处指的是“秘密”，选用secrets。故填secrets。
28．句意：好朋友总是在他们遇到困难的时候互相帮助，在他们悲伤的时候互相鼓舞。空处应填名词作主语，根据“always help each other when they are in trouble and cheer each other...when they are sad.”可知，此处讲的是朋友，选择friend，由help可知，空处用复数形式。故填friends。
29．句意：好朋友总是在他们遇到困难的时候互相帮助，在他们悲伤的时候互相鼓舞。cheer sb. up表示“使某人振作起来”，固定搭配。故填up。
30．句意：总之，当你交了一个好朋友时，不要忘记他或她！让我们珍惜我们珍贵的友谊。空处缺少动词，根据“ don’t ... him or her when you have made a good friend! Let’s value our precious friendship.”结合备选词可知，空处指“不要忘记”，选择forget；由don’t可知。此处用动词原形一起构成祈使句的否定形式。故填forget。Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents？Section B
单词检测 1. _______________ n. 成员；分子 2. _______________ n. 意见；想法；看法 3. _______________ n. 技艺；技巧 4. _______________ adj. 典型的 5. _______________ v. 持续；继续存在 6. _______________ v. 比较 7. _______________ adj. 不理智的；疯狂的 8. _______________ v. 鞭策；督促；推动 9. _______________ v. 造成；引起 10. _______________ adv. 可能；大概；也许 11. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）压力 12. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）比赛；竞赛；竞争 13. _______________（v.）→ _______________（n.）发展；发育；成长 14. _______________（adj.）→ _______________（adv.）通常
短语自测 1. ___________________________ 删除；删去 2. ___________________________ 比较；对比 3. ___________________________ 依……看；在某人看来 4. ___________________________ 以便于 5. ___________________________ 和某人吵架 6. ___________________________ 继续做某事 7. ___________________________ 发现某人正在做某事 8. ___________________________ 谈论 9. ___________________________ 对某人友好 10. ___________________________ 给某人打电话 11. ___________________________ 害怕 12. ___________________________ 直到……才 13. ___________________________ 从今以后；今后 14. ___________________________ 不再 15. ___________________________ 相互 16. ___________________________ 闲逛
重点句子 1. I have to compete with my classmates at school. 在学校我不得不和我的同班同学竞争。 2. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities…或许我可以减掉他们几个活动…… 3. I really want them to be successful. 我真的希望他们将来能成功。 4. However, the tired children don’t get home until after 7:00 p.m. 然而，疲惫的孩子们直到晚上7点以后才回到家。 5. Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们总是把她们的孩子送去各种辅导班。 6. And they are always comparing them with other children. 并且她们总是把他们和别的孩子对比。 7. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development. 医生说太多的压力对孩子们的发展是没有好处的。 8. In my opinion, it is important for children / parents to…在我看来，对孩子们/家长来说……是重要的。
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课后培优练
级练
)
培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、单词填空
1．Don’t always c________ with others. You should just be yourself.
2．Are you c________ We cannot spend so much money buying such a small car!
3．Students have less p________ than before because of the “double reduction” policy（“双减”政策）.
4．You do not look very well. P________ you should see a doctor.
5．Different people have different o________ on chores. People think quite differently.
6．Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s ________. (发展)
7．You look sick. You can’t ________ (继续) working any more.
8．The heavy rain will ________（引起）a lot of problems.
9．Today let’s learn something about English writing ________ (技巧).
10．Would you please help me p________ (推动) the chair outside
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
11．I don’t want to give ________ (opinion) about your study. I believe time will tell everything.
12．They can make modern machines with the ________ (develop) of science.
13．________(continue)the rich life, Chinese people keep on working hard.
14．Mike is one of the ________ (member) of the school soccer team.
15．I want to be a fireman in the future, but my parents ________（agree）. They want me to become a doctor.
16．Are you brave enough ________（express）your opinion in front of people
17．I want to talk about the ________ (important) of afterschool classes.
18．I want to be a ________ (success) person in the future.
19．—Father, I’m afraid I can’t win this English ________ (compete).
—Believe in yourself, my girl, and tell yourself not to give up.
20．In China, people ________ (usual) clean up their houses to sweep away bad luck before the Spring Festival.
三、单项选择
21．— National Fire Prevention Day is only three days from now.
— We can ________ notices around the school to tell all the students about it.
A．try out B．run out C．hand out D．cut out
22．—Why is Jason unhappy
—Because he has no friends at school. He often feels ________.
A．lonely B．crazy C．sick
23．—Mr. Yuan runs at least half an hour every day.
—What a good ________! He becomes healthier now.
A．skill B．habit C．idea
24．If you ________ his work with hers, you’ll find hers is much better.
A．push B．compare C．press D．raise
25．Students will have a chance to learn some useful ________ when having labor (劳动) education in school.
A．skills B．development C．reports D．independence
26．You’d better not ________ yourself ________ others. Just be yourself.
A．explain; to B．communicate; with
C．compete; to D．compare; with
27．—My mom always gives me much pressure. What should I do
—Why not have good ________ with her
A．situation B．communication C．satisfaction D．opinion
28．The hotel was far from the station. Luckily, we ________ to catch the train.
A．decided B．managed C．failed D．continued
29．It will take us too long hours to drive from Shijiazhuang to Guangzhou, so let’s fly ________.
A．alone B．instead C．perhaps D．lonely
30．Parents usually make a big ________ to their children’s life.
A．opinion B．difficulty C．difference D．advice
四、完成句子
31．一些父母总是将自己的孩子和别人的孩子进行比较。
Some parents are always ________ their own kids ________ other children.
32．太多的压力会让孩子们不开心。
________ will make children unhappy.
33．山姆喜欢和朋友们一起在公园闲逛。
Sam likes to ________ ________ ________ his friends in the park.
34．他总是问我愚蠢的问题。
He ________ ________ ________ me silly questions.
35．多吃蔬菜和水果对你的健康有好处。
Eating more fruit and vegetables ________ ________ ________ your health.
36．继续努力学习，下次你就会通过考试。
________ ________ ________ hard, and you’ll pass the exam next time.
37．直到车停了，我们才下了公交车。
We ________ get off the bus ________ it ________.
38．慢慢地对他说，以便他能更好地理解你。
Speak to him slowly ________ ________ he can understand you better.
39．玛丽和她的父母相处融洽。
Mary ________ ________ well with her parents.
40．不要总是拿农村和城市进行比较。
Don’t always ________ the countryside ________ the city.
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
五、完形填空
A history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be the most fortunate (幸运的). A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.” __41__ teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed.
It is impossible for us to develop a __42__ friendship if we do not stay in one place for a long time. However, it is very necessary for each of us to think carefully about the __43__ of friendship we want.
To most of us, friendships are very important, but we need to have clear in our __44__ the kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be __45__ or kept at arm’s length (保持一定的距离) Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface (表面) For some people, many friendships on the surface are __46__ enough and that’s all right. But at some point, we need to make sure that our expectations are the same __47__ our friends’ expectations. The sharing of personal experience including our tears is the best way to deepen friendships.
What are some of the __48__ of friendship The greatest is the attraction to expect too much time. Another “major (主要的) difficulty” is the selfishness to take actions too soon. In other words, you must give as much as you take. __49__ there is a question of taking care of them. __50__ you can’t spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die away.
41．A．Knowledge B．Practice C．Experience D．Success
42．A．true B．common C．short D．whole
43．A．kind B．length C．warmth D．value
44．A．hearts B．thoughts C．actions D．minds
45．A．closed B．close C．far D．near
46．A．long B．easy C．quite D．not
47．A．as B．from C．to D．like
48．A．difficulties B．differences C．advantages D．types
49．A．Finally B．Next C．And D．Then
50．A．Though B．If C．Since D．When
六、阅读理解
A
You make friends all through your life. As a child, you make friends with the children who always play games with you; they are those who as smart as you are and have the same ideas, likes and dislikes as you do. Over time, you make more friends later in your life but they are not the same. The relationship(关系) you have had with your childhood friends is unique.
Childhood friendship is innocent (天真无邪的), and free from conditions(条件), which is why it is so important. You never forget the first friends you make. You are thankful for their help when in trouble. The moments you spend with them are special and cheerful. However, sometimes you get so busy with your life now that you don’t have time to keep relationships. You find it seem difficult to find time for meeting your old friends.
Send your childhood friends cards or gifts on their birthdays. They will feel thankful that you still keep them in mind. You can also call them or invite them for a friendly talk. It will make them feel that you still care them and your feelings are still the same. If you guys live in the same town, you can plan to have lunch or tea parties together. Be a resource (源头) of pleasure and love for your friends as you were in your childhood.
51．What do we know about childhood friends from the first paragraph
A．They have the same ideas as you. B．They are smarter than you.
C．They go to the same high school with you D．They may sometimes dislike you.
52．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Childhood friendship is innocent and doesn’t last long.
B．People love their friends more than other friends.
C．People share special moments with their childhood friends.
D．People don’t want to keep childhood friendship because of the heavy work.
53．What does the underlined word “unique” in the first paragraph mean
A．独一无二的 B．疯狂的 C．记忆犹新的 D．最无价值的
54．Which of the following is NOT a way to keep childhood friendship according to the last paragraph
A．Send gifts to your childhood friends on their birthdays. B．Call or invite your friends.
C．Visit your old friends as often as possible. D．Go out for lunch with them.
55．What is the main idea of the passage
A．One should learn to make more friends. B．How to make friends in childhood.
C．Why childhood friendship is innocent. D．We should treasure childhood friendship.
B
We spend most of our time with friends we like. Well, what kind of people are welcomed by others, then There are people that naturally attract (吸引) you. By being with them just once, you start to like them. If you wonder why they attract people and want to be a person like them, you should learn how to develop the traits (特点) that they have.
Firstly, everybody wants to be happy, and nobody wants to spend their time with an unhappy person. Well, you see, there is what you call mood linkage. If you are with a happy person, you are more probably to be happy, too. When people choose to spend time with a person, they are more likely to choose those who are cheerful. So if you are a happy person, many people will want to spend their time with you.
Next, everybody needs someone to give encouragement (鼓励) to them, because sometimes in our lives we meet failure (失败), sadness, problems and other bad things. So if you always choose to cheer (振奋起来) others up with encouraging words or actions, they will be willing to (乐意) spend time with you.
Lastly, you are not a friend if you don’t give a hand to your friends when they need help. You should always be helpful to them, no matter what it costs, because when you need help, they will be there for you, too.
It feels good if people want to be your friends because of your character. So if you want to attract people, you should learn to develop these traits.
56．What can be an example of “mood linkage” according to the passage
A．You would like to help when someone is in need.
B．You will be happy to see someone loses his games.
C．You will be happy when you are with happy people.
D．You will laugh loudly when you hear funny stories.
57．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．People who has a need of help.
B．People who are willing to give a hand to others.
C．People who are good at encouraging others.
D．People who ate willing to spend time with you.
58．What trait can help one to attract others
A．Being helpful. B．Being careful. C．Being strict. D．Being beautiful.
59．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
60．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Ways to Live a Happy Life B．Notes for making friends
C．Traits Needed to Attract People D．Words for Cheering Others Up
七、短文填空
Linda was Tara’s best friend before, but now things are different. Tara is a member of Purple Girls Club and they have some rules about who they can be friends with. Linda isn’t very pretty and doesn’t wear cool clothes. ____61____ she can’t be in their club. Now Tara is making a name list for her party, and she decides not to invite Linda.
“Tara, come here,” her mother calls from the living room. Tara goes to her mother and sees the school report card ____62____ her hands.
“Tara, what’s the matter with you You have failed math and English and you did ____63____ (bad) in all of your other subjects. You were such a good student before!” Tara sees the disappointment in her ____64____ (mom) eyes. She feels terrible. The ____65____ (activity) of Purple Girls Club leave her very little time for studies. The girls get together almost daily for movies, shopping and ____66____ (use) the Internet. She calls every friend in the club and asks them ____67____ her. But they all refuse (拒绝) and say “Who cares about studies now ” This makes Tara even ____68____ (sad).
Later, Tara’s mom takes her to Linda’s house across the street. Tara says sorry and Linda is glad ____69____ (have) her friend back. She ____70____ (happy) helps Tara with her studies.
Tara now has a new rule for friendship and it is that a friend that lends a helping hand is a true friend.
八、补全对话
A: Hey, how’s it going
B: Oh, all right. I’m trying to make some new friends. ___71___
A: Sure. I think, first, you should be brave enough to talk with the people who you want to make friends with.
B: Okay, thanks for your advice. Can I ask one more question
A: Go ahead please.___72___
B: Can I call them
A: ___73___ After all, friends need to communicate with each other.
B: Then I won’t be shy to get their phone numbers. What kind of friend should I make
A:___74___ I became a friend to an old man and to a young kid.
B: Wow, that’s amazing. I didn’t know making friends would be easy. ___75___
A: Good luck to you. Goodbye.
B: Goodbye.
A．I think anyone is OK.
B．Why not
C．I’m glad to help you.
D．Thank you.
E．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
F．But can you give me some advice
G． I must go now.
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、完形填空
（2017·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
As the saying goes, “Friends are treasure in our lives.” I remember when I was growing up, my mom always ___1___, “Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others.” It’s true. Friends make ___2___ enjoy the taste of our success and joys (快乐) and comfort us in our challenging moments. They provide a mirror (镜子) for us ___3___ more about ourselves. I’ve always looked at friends as family ___4___. They enrich(丰富) our lives. As a famous writer once said, “A friend is a present which you give ___5___.”
To be a good friend, it’s important to be a good listener. Hear ___6___ your friend says first rather than making conclusions (结论) quickly.
Sometimes ___7___ is useful to repeat their words back to them. It can help them realize whether their words were what they wanted to say.
Patience(耐心) is an important part of being a good friend, ___8___. You know the old golden rule, “Care ___9___ others the way you would like them to care for you.” The support of a friend during a ____10____ time can make the difference between success ____11____ failure. Encouragement and confidence are the ____12____ gifts that can change a person’s life.
We should choose our friends ____13____, because they can have a great influence on our lives. As ____14____ told me, “The attitudes(态度) of your friends are like the buttons (按钮)on a lift. They will ____15____ take you up or down.”
1．A．said B．told C．talked D．spoke
2．A．us B．me C．her D．them
3．A．learning B．learns C．will learn D．to learn
4．A．friends B．children C．members D．enemies
5．A．herself B．yourself C．himself D．myself
6．A．what B．that C．which D．whose
7．A．this B．that C．these D．it
8．A．never B．either C．too D．also
9．A．of B．with C．for D．in
10．A．easy B．difficult C．happy D．wonderful
11．A．but B．so C．and D．or
12．A．best B．better C．worse D．worst
13．A．careless B．carefully C．careful D．carelessly
14．A．anyone B．someone C．everyone D．no one
15．A．neither B．all C．both D．either
二、阅读理解
（2019·云南昆明·中考真题）Many Chinese mothers are afraid that their children will fall behind their classmates,so these mothers are becoming"tiger mothers". They believe the harder their children study, the happier life they will have in the future. Is it true Lulu and her sister Sophia may have a say.
Lulu and Sophia have a"tiger mother". She pushed them a lot when they were young. For example, they were not allowed to get grades lower than A's.They had to practice the piano or violin for several hours a day. There were no games or TV.
The tiger mother, Amy, is a Chinese-American professor at Yale Law School in the USA．Several years ago, she wrote a book named Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and shared her strict parenting style(育儿方式)in it.
Many people don't like Amy's style of parenting. They once worried that her daughters would not be happy. However, the two girls have grown up and they are thankful to their mother.Sophia has just graduated from Yale University. She is hard-working, friendly and helpful. Not long ago, she shared some useful studying tips online. Lulu is also a warm, smart and popular girl her friends eyes. She said tiger mothers believed that a child could succeed by being pushed to go all out.
Still, not everyone agrees with the tiger mother's parenting style. In fact, there isn't a parenting style that fits everyone. What's the best parenting style for you Maybe you should work it out together with your parents.
根据短文内容.选择最佳答案。
16．According to the passage, “tiger mothers” .
A．don' t mind their children falling behind their classmates
B．don' t care about their children's feelings when they grow up
C．believe pushing their children hard can help them succeed
D．believe the more happily the kids study, the harder their life will be
17．What can we know about Amy
A．She is teaching in China.
B．She loves playing the violin.
C．She is the mother of of the two girls.
D．She is liked by many people.
18．In Lulu and Sophia's opinion, their mother is .
A．great B．worried C．humorous D．hateful
19．What can we infer(推断) from the passage
A．You can find tiger mothers only in China.
B．Lulu graduated from Yale University, too.
C．Sophia is not a popular girl in her friends'eyes.
D．Different children need different parenting styles
20．Which of the following is probably the title
A．Lulu and Sophia
B．Do you want a tiger mother
C．Chinese Mothers
D．How can you become a tiger mother
三、短文填空
（2019·四川德阳·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容在方框内选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整（每空一词，每词只用一次）。
who forget always care you friend up secrets trust need
As a saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friendship is one of the best things in our life. A true friend is __21__ by our side and gives us his or her help and comfort when we __22__ them.It’s not easy for everyone to make a true friend in the daily life. Be __23__ to choose a friend. We should choose someone __24__ has a good character（性格）. We also should avoid those people who aren’t honest. If you hope that __25__ friendship can last for a long time, please choose a good friend at first.
We all know that friendship is very precious（珍贵的）.A true friend can always be __26__ and respected. If you tell a friend your __27__ , he or she won’t tell anyone else. Good __28__ always help each other when they are in trouble and cheer each other __29__ when they are sad. In a word, don’t ___30___ him or her when you have made a good friend! Let’s value our precious friendship.
