Unit 4 Don’t eat in class. Section B
单词检测 动词： 1.练习_________________ 2.放松_________________ 3.阅读_________________ 4.感受_________________ 5.记住_________________ 6.跟随_________________ 7.保持_________________ 8.学习_________________ 名词： 1.蝶；盘_________________ 2.厨房_________________ 3.运气_________________ 4.头发_________________ 形容词： 1.脏的_________________ 2.更多的_________________ 3.吵闹的_________________ 4.可怕的_________________ 5.严格的_________________ 副词： 1.外出_________________ 2.以前_________________
短语自测 1.外出（娱乐）_____________________ 2.清洗餐具______________________ 3.铺床______________________ 4.（对某人）严格_____________________ 5.遵守规则______________________
重点句子 1.现在起床，并且把床铺好。 2.不要把脏盘子留在厨房。 3.在我看电视之前必须读一本书。 4.我不开心，因为家里有太多规则了。
培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、根据句意和括号里面的汉语提示，在横线处写上正确的单词。
I have a lot of rules at school. I can't ___1___(到达) late for school. I can't___2___(打架) , either. I have to wear the___3___(校服) every day. Our teachers are very___4___(严格的) with us. They always say, "Don't talk in class. Don't be___5___(吵闹的) in class.___6___ ( 听 ) to the teachers carefully."
At home, I also have many rules. After doing my___7___(作业), I can't___8___(放松). I have to wash the___9___(脏的) clothes and ___10__ (练习 ) playing the violin for one hour.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
11.The girl often comes back early on school_______(night)．
12.It is easy _______ (write) in English.
13.—We will have an English test tomorrow.
—Good _______ (lucky) to you!
14.He often helps his mother do the _______（dish）at home.
15.I want to learn _______ (swim) this summer.
16.Mike often _______ (arrive) late for school.
17.Jane is good at speaking English. She is really a good language _______ (learn).
18.Too many _______ (rule) make Tom feel terrible.
19.John _______ (have) to make _______ (he) bed by himself.
20.You can join the music club _______ (learn) music.
三、单项选择。
21.( )Alice says goodbye to her parents _______ she goes to school every day.
A．because B．after C．before D．so
22.( )—Where is your grandma, Mary
—She is making breakfast for us in the _______, Mom.
A．library B．bedroom C．classroom D．kitchen
23.( )Remember _______ the light when you leave.
A．close B．to close C．turning off D．to turn off
24.( )I think the news is very _______. We must tell Mr. Green about it.
A．boring B．important C．fun D．easy
25.( )—It's 12:00 now. Let's go to the _______ for lunch.
—OK.
A．science lab B．dining hall C．school office D．classroom
26.( )Linda practices _______ songs in the park every morning.
A．sing B．singing C．sings D．to sing
27.( )It’s good for our ___ to go to bed early and get up early. It’s important to keep h _______.
A．health; healthy B．healthy; health C．health; healthily D．healthy; healthy
28.( )—The living room is too _______. Can you help me clean it
—OK, Mom.
A．tidy B．dirty C．curly D．cloudy
29.( )There are lots of people talking in the room. It's very _______.
A．new B．noisy C．big D．dirty
30.( )—What do you think of Ms. Brown —She is very strict _______ us but we all love her a lot.
A．of B．with C．for D．to
31.( )We must _______ traffic rules on our way to school, or we won’t be safe.
A．learn B．follow C．change D．make
32.( )Tony can't go out _______ school nights.
A．at B．in C．with D．on
33.( )—Don’t eat in the classroom, Jack!
—_______.
A．Good idea B．Sorry, I won’t C．Thanks a lot D．That sounds fun
34.( )—I hear you have to get up early every morning.
—Right. It’s one of the _______ of my family.
A．plans B．jobs C．rules D．programs
35.( )When you feel tired, you can go out and _______.
A．study B．run C．relax D．think
四、阅读下文，根据句意，选出适当的单词填写在横线处，单词根据具体情况进行变形。每词仅填一次。
play, never, clean, because, rule, wear, read, watch, outside, late
I have lots of 36. in my family. It isn’t interesting. I have to get up at six o’clock every morning. I have to 37. English for an hour every day. I can’t play with my friends after school 38. I have to walk my dog. I can’t 39. TV in the evening. On weekends, I have to 40. my room. Then I have to wash(洗) the clothes. After that I have to 41. the violin.
At school, we must 42. the school uniform. We can’t bring music players to school. We can eat 43. , but can’t eat in the classroom. Of course, we can’t arrive 44. for school. I 45.________ have any fun. What can I do
五、语法填空。
Mrs.Green is one of my old 46________(friend). She has a big company. People in her company all feel 47________(luck) to work there, but there 48_______ also lots of rules in the company. First, no one can arrive late for work. Second, they are often busy at noon, so it is best for them 49________(take) their lunches to the office. Third, they can't wear 50________(hat) in the company. 51________(four), during the working time, they can't watch movies 52________ talk on QQ. 53________ they can talk about something at teatime. Last, they have to talk to others 54________(quiet) in the office. Everyone 55________(have) to follow the rules.
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
一、完形填空。
I work in a school library. It's big and beautiful. There are many books about different 1 in it, for example, books about English, science, history, music and so on. You can do some 2 in the library or borrow(借) books from it. But there are some 3 . And you must follow 4 .
When you are reading in the library, you have to be 5 . Don't talk loudly there. You can't listen to music, 6 . You can't take your schoolbags into the library. Don't 7 in the library. It will make the library dirty. You can borrow books from the library, 8 you can't lend(借) them to others. You have to 9 them well and give them back to the library on time. If books from the library are 10 , you have to pay for (赔偿) them.
1．A．jobs B．subjects C．clubs
2．A．reading B．running C．climbing
3．A．rules B．games C．questions
4．A．it B．that C．them
5．A．early B．quiet C．noisy
6．A．too B．also C．either
7．A．run B．sing C．eat
8．A．so B．but C．or
9．A．keep B．wear C．taste
10．A．lost B．new C．funny
阅读理解。
根据文章大意，在A, B, C和D四个选项中选出正确答案。
A
Rules in the Reading Room
Hello, everyone. Welcome to the school reading room. Before you go into the reading room, there are some rules you need to follow.
1．The reading room is open(开放的) from 8：00 a．m.to 5：00 p．m.from Monday to Friday.
2．Don't take your bags into the reading room.
3．Keep quiet in the reading room.
4．Don't take any food or drinks(饮料) into the reading room.
5．Take only one book at a time(次). After you finish reading the book, you must put it back(放回) and then you can take another(另一) one. Don't take many books to your seat(座位)．
6．Before you leave, you must return the book to the bookshelf(书架). You can't take any book out of the reading room.
( )11.The reading room is open for ________ every day.
A．ten hours B．nine hours C．seven hours D．eight hours
( )12.What can you take into the reading room
A．Schoolbags. B．The student ID card. C．Hamburgers. D．Milk.
( )13.How many books can you take from the bookshelf at a time
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
( )14.What does the underlined word “return” mean in Chinese
A．放置 B．带走 C．整理 D．归还
( )15.Which of the following is TRUE
A．You can drink in the reading room.
B．You can take all your favorite books to your seat.
C．You can read in the reading room at 4：00 p．m.on Wednesday.
D．You can take only one book home at a time.
B
In the daily life busy moms and dads don’t always have the time to focus on（关注）their children’s manners （礼貌）. Every kid should know these manners by 9. So if you ask your child to pay attention to these rules, you’ll have a polite, kind, well-liked child.
★ When asking for something, say “please”, and when getting something, say “thank you”.
★When you have spent time at your friend’s house, ember to thank his or her parents for the food or for the good time you had.
★Knock on closed doors before you come into others’ rooms.
★When you make a phone call, introduce yourself first and then ask if you can speak with the person you are calling.
★Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze （打喷嚏）, and don’t pick your nose in public.
★As you walk through a door, look to see if you can hold it open for someone else.
★If you come across a parent, a teacher, r someone working on something, ask if you can help.
★When someone helps you, “thank you” , That person will want to help you again. This is especially（特别地）true with teachers!
( )16. What should Lisa say first if she makes a phone call
A.Who’s that B.Is that Tom
C.This is Lisa speaking． D.May I speak to Tom
( )17. Before you come into others’ rooms, you should ．
A.say “please” B.say “thank you”
C.knock on the door D.hold the door open
( )18. When , you should say “thank you”．
A.you ask for something B.you help someone
C.you cough in public D.you get something
( )19. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A.It s polite to pick your nose in public.
B.Every kid should know these manners until 9.
C.If you come across someone working, ask if you can help.
D.Busy moms and dads have no time to focus on their children.
根据题目要求完成句子。
Look at the new rules for students in No. 1 Middle School. Don't tell a lie（说谎）.
Don't copy（抄袭）others answers in the test. It's a bad habit. While you are playing computer games, don't tell your mother you are looking up（查找）new English words.
Surf the Internet safely（安全上网）. Try to stay away from（远离）bad Web pages. Find some good websites（网站）and use them for your study.
Protect（保护）yourself well on the way home. Sometimes the thieves（小偷）may take money from students. If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know.
Do something good. Love animals and care about others. April is the Bird-loving Month in China. You can learn more about birds and learn the ways of protecting them. And when someone is in trouble（处于麻烦中）, please give him or her a hand. You know a friend in need is a friend indeed.
20.As the new rule says, we should ______ well on the way home._____________
21.______ is the Bird-loving Month in China._____________
22.According to the last rule, what should we do ______________________________
23.找出并写下第三段的主题句___________________________________________
24.将文中画线句子译成汉语。____________________________________________
三、任务型阅读。
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. 25. _____________ Not many people realize this, but it is quite true. 26. _____________ But two or three days without water usually leads to death. Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs at work and many people do not drink enough especially in cold weather. 27. _____________ There are also many people who drink only when they are thirsty. But we often need more water.
28. _____________ Water is very important in several different ways. Most people need about five to seven liters （升）of water every day, but we do not need to drink that amount, because a lot of water comes from the food we eat. Drinking water is also important for people who do sports. 29. _____________
A. If we do not have enough water, we can't live. B. 65%-75% of a human's body is water. C. Most people drink enough only in hot weather. D. We need to drink water after doing exercise. E. The human body can live without food for a long time.
四、写作。
30. Tina是你校新来的一名学生，不了解你校的规章制度，下面请你向他介绍一下。
①上课不能迟到。
②不许在教室里吃东西。
③不许在课堂上听音乐、玩游戏。
④图书室里要保持安静。
⑤不能在走廊跑。
⑥不能打架。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、语法填空（2021年苏州市中考）。
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填词。
Does my goldfish know who I am
I think this is a great question. I do spend my days ___1___(study)how fish go about their lives. First of all, fish are much smarter than people think. People often talk of goldfish having three-second memories, but in fact they can learn all kinds of things, and remember them ___2___ quite a long time.
This shouldn’t surprise us too much. Just like other animals, they can find enough to eat, and ___3___(know)when it is sale to be out in the open. Being able to learn and remember things helps ___4___(they)do this.
Many kinds of fish can tell one from another, according to their group, their relatives, ___5___ even their own eggs. But fish live in ___6___ very different world from us. For many kinds of fish, although seeing is important, __7___(sense)such as smell and touch are even more important.
So, does your fish know who you are I believe your fish will ___8___(sure)know when it is feeding time. My own fish become very ___9___(excite)when my hand appears near their tank, even before I drop the food in. I’m not sure that your fish will be able to remember what your face ___10___(look)like, but I wouldn’t be too surprised if it could remember you in other ways, perhaps by the sound of your footsteps as you walk towards the tank.
二、阅读理解（2021年无锡市中考）。
A
THE CAMBERWELL NEWS
The news you want—the way you want it. Monday, 24 May 2021 CHILDREN IN NEED On Friday 21 May, the children and staff at Camberwell Grammar School dressed up as heroes and superheroes to raise money for children in need. The money we raised will go to charities across the country to help and support children who are less fortunate than us. In total, more than $300 has been raised.
11. The picture above is part of _______.
A. a club newspaper B. a school newspaper
C. a club advertisement D. a school advertisement
12. The children dressed up _______.
A. on 21 May B. on 22 May C. on 23 May D. on 24 May
13. The children took part in _______.
A. a sports event B. a game show C. a charity event D. a fashion show
B
Making friends at school can be a little tricky—but it doesn’t have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school. Before you know it, you’ll have a group of friends to have fun with every day!
■ Be friendly.
Using proper body language will help, Stand up straight, make eye contact with people, and smile! Try to avoid crossing your arms over your chest and looking closed off. The more open and friendly you look, the more people will want to get to know you.
■ Sit at a new table during ___28___.
Look for tables with an open seat. If you’re feeling a little nervous, pick a table that only has one or two people sitting down. Head over and ask if you can sit there, then join in on the conversation. If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day.
■Try out for a sports team.
Pick a sport that you like(it could be soccer, basketball, softball, baseball, or anything in between), and try out for the team. Over time, you could become good friends with some of the other people on your team! If your school doesn’t have a sports team, try looking for one at your local community center.
■Join an after-school club.
Meet friends who have the same hobby as you. Ask a teacher or your parents for a list of after school activities and pick 1 or 2 of them that you’re the most excited about. Introduce yourself to everyone when you attended your first club meeting to meet new people and start a fun conversation.
14. Which word is the most suitable for _______
A. holiday B. class C. meeting D. lunch
15. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. how to talk to a stranger B. how to make friends
C. how to start a conversation D. how to choose activities
16. This passage is most probably written for _______.
A. school students B. school teachers
C. younger parents D. older parentsUnit 4 Don’t eat in class. Section B
单词检测 动词： 1.练习_________________ 2.放松_________________ 3.阅读_________________ 4.感受_________________ 5.记住_________________ 6.跟随_________________ 7.保持_________________ 8.学习_________________ 名词： 1.蝶；盘_________________ 2.厨房_________________ 3.运气_________________ 4.头发_________________ 形容词： 1.脏的_________________ 2.更多的_________________ 3.吵闹的_________________ 4.可怕的_________________ 5.严格的_________________ 副词： 1.外出_________________ 2.以前_________________
短语自测 1.外出（娱乐）_____________________ 2.清洗餐具______________________ 3.铺床______________________ 4.（对某人）严格_____________________ 5.遵守规则______________________
重点句子 1.现在起床，并且把床铺好。 2.不要把脏盘子留在厨房。 3.在我看电视之前必须读一本书。 4.我不开心，因为家里有太多规则了。
单词检测
动词：
practice 2. relax 3.read 4.feel 5.remember 6.follow 7.keep 8.learn
名词：
dish 2.kitchen 3.luck 4.hair
形容词：
1.dirty 2.more 3.noisy 4.terrible 5.strict
副词：
1.out 2.before
短语自测：
1.go out 2. do the dishes 3.make one’s bed 4.be strict (with sb.) 5.follow the rules
重点句子:
Get up now and make your bed.
Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
I must read a book before I can watch TV.
I’m not happy because there are too many rules at home.
培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、根据句意和括号里面的汉语提示，在横线处写上正确的单词。
I have a lot of rules at school. I can't ___1___(到达) late for school. I can't___2___(打架) , either. I have to wear the___3___(校服) every day. Our teachers are very___4___(严格的) with us. They always say, "Don't talk in class. Don't be___5___(吵闹的) in class.___6___ ( 听 ) to the teachers carefully."
At home, I also have many rules. After doing my___7___(作业), I can't___8___(放松). I have to wash the___9___ ( 脏的 ) clothes and ___10___( 练习 ) playing the violin for one hour.
【答案详解】
arrive/be 考查动词。
句意：我不能上学迟到。使用动词arrive或be与句中词汇构成短语，arrive/be late for school,"上学迟到"，情态动词can后，用原形，故答案为arrive/be。
2. fight 考查动词。
句意：我也不能打架。使用动词fight"打架"，情态动词can后，用原形故答案为fight。
3. uniform 考查名词。
句意：我必须每天都穿上校服。使用名词的单数形式uniform"校服、制服"，故答案为uniform。
4. strict 考查形容词。
句意：我们的老师对我们非常严格。使用形容词strict"严格的"，构成短语be strict with sb.,对......要求严格，故答案为strict。
5. noisy 考查形容词。
句意：不要在课堂上吵闹。使用形容词noisy"吵闹的"，用作表语，故答案为noisy。
6. Listen 考查动词。
句意：仔细地听的老师讲课。使用动词listen"听"，祈使句，用动词原形，位于句首，大写，故答案为Listen。
homework考查名词。
句意：在做完我的家庭作业后。使用名词homework"家庭作业"，不可数名词，故答案为homework。
8. relax 考查动词。
句意：我不能放松。使用动词relax"放松"，情态动词can后，用原形，故答案为relax。
9.dirty 考查形容词。
句意：我必须洗脏的衣服和练习拉小提琴一个小时。使用形容词dirty"脏的"，用作定语，修饰后面的名词clothes，故答案为dirty。
practise 考查动词。
句意：我必须洗脏的衣服和练习拉小提琴一个小时，使用动词practise"练习"，与and前的动词wash构成并列谓语，修饰保持一致，have to后，用原形，故答案为practise。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
11.The girl often comes back early on school_______(night)．
12.It is easy _______ (write) in English.
13.—We will have an English test tomorrow.
—Good _______ (lucky) to you!
14.He often helps his mother do the _______（dish）at home.
15.I want to learn _______ (swim) this summer.
16.Mike often _______ (arrive) late for school.
17.Jane is good at speaking English. She is really a good language _______ (learn).
18.Too many _______ (rule) make Tom feel terrible.
19.John _______ (have) to make _______ (he) bed by himself.
20.You can join the music club _______ (learn) music.
【答案详解】
11.nights 句意：这个女孩在上学期间的每个晚上都会很早地回家。
根据句意可知，此句说的是每天上学的晚上，night为可数名词，故此空应填复数nights，故答案为nights。
12.to write 句意：用英语写作是很容易的。
此处考查的是句型It is +adj.( for sb. ) to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说是.......”，故答案为to write。
luck 句意：--我们明天会有场英语测试。--祝你好运！
由形容词Good（好的）可知，其后应接名词，lucky是形容词，意为“幸运的”，其名词形式为luck，意为“运气”，是不可数名词，故答案为luck。
dishes 句意：他经常在家里帮助他的母亲洗盘子。
此处考查固定搭配do the dishes“清洗餐具”，故答案为dishes。
to swim 句意：今年夏天我想学习游泳。
根据动词搭配learn to do sth.“学习做某事”可知，该空应填不定式to swim，故答案为to swim。
arrives 句意：Mike经常上学迟到。
此处考查动词时态。由often一词可知，此处应该使用一般现在时态，又因为主语Mike是第三人称单数，故动词arrive需要用三单形式arrives，故答案为arrives。
learner 句意：Jane很擅长说英语。她真的是一个很好的语言学习者。
由句意可知，第二句意为“她是一个很好地语言学习者”，横线处应填名词learner，由其前的冠词a可知，该空应填单数形式learner，故答案为learner。
rules 句意：太多的规则让Tom感觉很糟糕。
由句中many一词可知，横线处应该填名词rule的复数形式，故答案为rules。
has; his 句意：John不得不自己铺床。
由句意可知，该句描述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时态，主语John为第三人称单数，故其后应接has，故第一空为has；“铺床”的英语表达为make one’s bed，故第二空用he的形容词性物主代词his，故答案为his。故本题的答案分别为has;his。
to learn 句意：你可以加入音乐俱乐部去学习音乐。
由句意可知，加入音乐俱乐部的目的是学习音乐，不定式to do表示目的，故答案为to learn.
三、单项选择。
21.( )Alice says goodbye to her parents _______ she goes to school every day.
A．because B．after C．before D．so
22.( )—Where is your grandma, Mary —She is making breakfast for us in the _______, Mom.
A．library B．bedroom C．classroom D．kitchen
23.( )Remember _______ the light when you leave.
A．close B．to close C．turning off D．to turn off
24.( )I think the news is very _______. We must tell Mr. Green about it.
A．boring B．important C．fun D．easy
25.( )—It's 12:00 now. Let's go to the _______ for lunch. —OK.
A．science lab B．dining hall C．school office D．classroom
26.( )Linda practices _______ songs in the park every morning.
A．sing B．singing C．sings D．to sing
27.( )It’s good for our _______ to go to bed early and get up early. It’s important to keep h _______.
A．health; healthy B．healthy; health C．health; healthily D．healthy; healthy
28.( )—The living room is too _______. Can you help me clean it —OK, Mom.
A．tidy B．dirty C．curly D．cloudy
29.( )There are lots of people talking in the room. It's very _______.
A．new B．noisy C．big D．dirty
30.( )—What do you think of Ms. Brown —She is very strict _______ us but we all love her a lot.
A．of B．with C．for D．to
31.( )We must _______ traffic rules on our way to school, or we won’t be safe.
A．learn B．follow C．change D．make
32.( )Tony can't go out _______ school nights.
A．at B．in C．with D．on
33.( )—Don’t eat in the classroom, Jack! —_______.
A．Good idea B．Sorry, I won’t C．Thanks a lot D．That sounds fun
34.( )—I hear you have to get up early every morning. —Right. It’s one of the _______ of my family.
A．plans B．jobs C．rules D．programs
35.( )When you feel tired, you can go out and _______.
A．study B．run C．relax D．think
【答案】21-25. CDDBB 26-30. BABBB 31-35. BDBCC
【解析】略。
四、阅读下文，根据句意，选出适当的单词填写在横线处，单词根据具体情况进行变形。每词仅填一次。
play, never, clean, because, rule, wear, read, watch, outside, late
I have lots of 36. in my family. It isn’t interesting. I have to get up at six o’clock every morning. I have to 37. English for an hour every day. I can’t play with my friends after school 38. I have to walk my dog. I can’t 39. TV in the evening. On weekends, I have to 40. my room. Then I have to wash(洗) the clothes. After that I have to 41. the violin.
At school, we must 42. the school uniform. We can’t bring music players to school. We can eat 43. , but can’t eat in the classroom. Of course, we can’t arrive 44. for school. I 45.________ have any fun. What can I do
【答案】36. rules 37. read 38. because 39.watch 40.clean
play 42. wear 43. outside 44. late 45. never
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的很多家规和校规。
句意：我家有很多家规。
根据所给空前面的“lots of”和后面的“in my family.”并结合所给单词可知，应该是我家有很多家规，“lots of”后面接可数名词复数，rule意为“规则”复数形式是rules，故填rules。
句意：每天我必须读一个小时的英语。
根据前面的“have to”可知，应该填动词原形，由“English for an hour every day”并结合所给单词可知，应该是读一个小时的英语，read意为“读”，故填read。
句意：放学后我不能和我的朋友们一起玩因为我必须遛狗。
根据前面的句子“I can't play with my friends after school”和后面的句子“I have to walk my dog”并结合所给单词可知，后面的句子是前面句子的原因，用连词because“因为”，故填because。
句意：晚上我不能看电视。
根据前面的“can’t”可知，应该填的是动词原形，由后面的“TV in the evening”并结合所给单词可知，应该是我不能看电视，watch TV意为“看电视”，故填watch。
句意：周末，我必须打扫我的房间。
根据前面的“have to”可知，应该填的是动词原形，由后面的“my room”并结合所给单词可知，应该是打扫我的房间，clean意为“打扫”，故填clean。
句意：在那之后，我必须拉小提琴。
根据所给空前面的“have to”可知，应该填动词原形，由后面的“the violin”并结合所给单词可知，应该是拉小提琴，play the violin“拉小提琴”，故填play。
句意：在学校我们必须穿校服。
根据前面的“must”可知，应该填动词原形，由后面的“the school uniform”和所给单词可知，应该是必须穿校服，wear意为“穿”，故填wear。
句意：我们能在外面吃，但是不能在教室里吃。
根据前面的“We can eat”和后面的“but can't eat in the classroom”并结合所给单词可知，应该是我们能在外面吃，outside意为“在外面”，故填outside。
句意：我们不能上学迟到。
根据前面的“we can't arrive”和后面的“for school”并结合所给单词可知，应该是我们不能上学迟到，arrive late for意为“迟到”，故填late。
句意：我没有任何乐趣。
根据前文作者有很多家规可知，应该是我没有任何乐趣，never意为“从不”是表否定意思的词，故填never。
五、语法填空。
Mrs.Green is one of my old 46________(friend). She has a big company. People in her company all feel 47________(luck) to work there, but there 48_______ also lots of rules in the company. First, no one can arrive late for work. Second, they are often busy at noon, so it is best for them 49________(take) their lunches to the office. Third, they can't wear 50________(hat) in the company. 51________(four), during the working time, they can't watch movies 52________ talk on QQ. 53________ they can talk about something at teatime. Last, they have to talk to others 54________(quiet) in the office. Everyone 55________(have) to follow the rules.
【答案详解】
文章大意：格林太太是我的老朋友之一。她有一家大公司，公司里有很多规定，例如：上班不能迟到、在工作时间不能看电影或在QQ上聊天、在公司里不能戴帽子。
46.答案：friends
解析：one of + 名词复数。此句型意为“……中之一”，其中的名词可以指人也可以指物。这里指的是格林太太是我的老朋友之一。朋友，friend，其复数形式为friends。
47.答案：lucky
解析：feel，感到，连系动词，后面接形容词构成系表结构。根据句意可知，在她的公司的人都感到在那儿工作是幸运的，但是公司里也有很多规定。lucky，幸运的，形容词。
48.答案：are
解析：本题为There be句型。There be句型是英语中常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There be句型中的be应和紧挨着的名词保持一致，即“就近原则”。根据题干中的主语lots of rules（很多规定）可判断，横线上填be动词复数形式are。
49.答案：to take
解析：It is best for sb to do sth，对某人来说做某事是最好的，横线上填动词不定式to take。这里指的是因此对他们来说带午饭到办公室是最好的。
50.答案：hats
解析：这里指的是他们不能在公司里戴帽子。题干中的主语they为第三人称复数形式，横线上填可数名词复数形式hats。
51.答案：Fourth
解析：表示次序时用序数词。fourth，第四。句意为：第四，在工作时间，他们不能看电影或在QQ上聊天。
52.答案：or
解析：句意为：第四，在工作时间，他们不能看电影或在QQ上聊天。or，或者，表示选择关系。
53.答案：But
解析：根据上一句可知，在工作时间，他们不能看电影或在QQ上聊天。这里指的是他们能在下午茶时间谈论事情。前后句之间为转折关系，横线上填But。but，但是，表示转折关系。
54.答案：quietly
解析：副词修饰动词。quietly，安静地，副词。句意为：最后，他们不得不在办公室里和其他人安静地说话。
55.答案：has
解析：本题为陈述句，时态为一般现在时。everyone，每个人，不定代词，后面接谓语动词第三人称单数形式。have to，不得不，have的第三人称单数形式为has。
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
一、完形填空。
I work in a school library. It's big and beautiful. There are many books about different 1 in it, for example, books about English, science, history, music and so on. You can do some 2 in the library or borrow(借) books from it. But there are some 3 . And you must follow 4 .
When you are reading in the library, you have to be 5 . Don't talk loudly there. You can't listen to music, 6 . You can't take your schoolbags into the library. Don't 7 in the library. It will make the library dirty. You can borrow books from the library, 8 you can't lend(借) them to others. You have to 9 them well and give them back to the library on time. If books from the library are 10 , you have to pay for (赔偿) them.
1．A．jobs B．subjects C．clubs
2．A．reading B．running C．climbing
3．A．rules B．games C．questions
4．A．it B．that C．them
5．A．early B．quiet C．noisy
6．A．too B．also C．either
7．A．run B．sing C．eat
8．A．so B．but C．or
9．A．keep B．wear C．Taste
10．A．lost B．new C．funny
【答案】1-5 BAACB 6-10 CCBAA
【详解】
B 句意：那有许多关于不同学科的书，例如英语、科学、历史、音乐等。
jobs 工作；subjects 学科；clubs 俱乐部。根据举例的内容 books about English, science, history, music and so on 可知图书馆有关于英语，自然，历史，音乐等的书，英语，自然，历史，音乐这些都是“学科”，故选B。
A 句意∶你可以在图书馆阅读或者从那借书。
reading 阅读；running 奔跑；climbing 攀爬。结合地点状语 in the library 和选项可推测在图书馆能做的事就是“阅读”，故选A。
A 句意：但是这有些规矩。
rules 规章；games 游戏；questions 问题。根据后文提到的 Don't talk loudly there. You can't listen to music…You can't take your schoolbags into the library. 可知本句说的是图书馆有“规章”，不能大声说话，不能听音乐，不能带书包进去，故选A。
C 句意：你必须要遵守它们。
it 它；that 那个；them 它们。follow 表示“遵守”，后接名词或代词；在图书馆要遵守的就是规章，根据常识再结合后文可知规章不只一条，是复数，用代词指代时也要用表示复数的代词，故选C。
B 句意：当你在图书馆读书时，你必须保持安静。
early 早的；quiet 安静的；noisy 吵闹的。根据后文 Don't talk loudly there. 可知不要在图书馆大声说话就是要保持“安静”，故选B。
C 句意：你也不能听音乐。
too 也，用于肯定句句末；also 也，用于句中；either 也，用于否定句句末。空格所在句有 can't 是否定句，且空格在句末，表示“也”时要用 either，故选C。
C 句意：不要在图书馆吃东西。
run 跑；sing 唱歌；eat 吃。根据后文 It will make the library dirty. 可知你的某个行为会把图书馆弄脏，那么结合选项推测这个行为只能为“吃”，故选C。
B 句意：你可以从图书馆借书，但是你不能把它们借给别人。
so 所以，表结果；but 但是，表示转折；or 或者，表选择。空格前 You can borrow books from the library 和空格后 you can't lend them to others 的这两个句子是转折关系，你可以从图书馆借书，但是不能借给别人，故选B。
A 句意：你必须妥善保管，并按时归还图书馆。
keep 保存，保持；wear 穿；taste 尝起来。空格后 them 指代的是前文提到的从图书馆借的书，结合常识和选项可知从图书馆借了书要“保存”好，故选A。
A 句意：如果从图书馆借的书丢失了，你必须赔偿。
lost 丟失的；new 新的；funny 有趣的。根据后半句 you have to pay for them 可推测你要赔偿，那肯定是把借的书“丢了”，故选A。
阅读理解。
根据文章大意，在A, B, C和D四个选项中选出正确答案。
A
Rules in the Reading Room
Hello, everyone. Welcome to the school reading room. Before you go into the reading room, there are some rules you need to follow.
1．The reading room is open(开放的) from 8：00 a．m.to 5：00 p．m.from Monday to Friday.
2．Don't take your bags into the reading room.
3．Keep quiet in the reading room.
4．Don't take any food or drinks(饮料) into the reading room.
5．Take only one book at a time(次). After you finish reading the book, you must put it back(放回) and then you can take another(另一) one. Don't take many books to your seat(座位)．
6．Before you leave, you must return the book to the bookshelf(书架). You can't take any book out of the reading room.
( )11.The reading room is open for ________ every day.
A．ten hours B．nine hours C．seven hours D．eight hours
( )12.What can you take into the reading room
A．Schoolbags. B．The student ID card. C．Hamburgers. D．Milk.
( )13.How many books can you take from the bookshelf at a time
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
( )14.What does the underlined word “return” mean in Chinese
A．放置 B．带走 C．整理 D．归还
( )15.Which of the following is TRUE
A．You can drink in the reading room.
B．You can take all your favorite books to your seat.
C．You can read in the reading room at 4：00 p．m.on Wednesday.
D．You can take only one book home at a time.
【答案详解】11－15. BBADC
文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了一个阅览室的几项规定。
11. B根据The reading room is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 计算可知，阅览室每天开放九个小时，故选B。
12. B根据第二四条规定，可知不能带包裹，三明治和橘子汁进阅览室，故选B。
13. A根据第五条规定Take only one book at a time. 描述，可知选A。
14. D结合语境可知此处指的是，在你离开之前，你必须把书放回到书架上，故选D。
15. C根据第四五六条规定，可知选项ABD描述错误，C项“你可以在周三下午四点在阅览室读书。”正确，故选C。
点评：本文浅显易懂，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。
B
In the daily life busy moms and dads don’t always have the time to focus on（关注）their children’s manners （礼貌）. Every kid should know these manners by 9. So if you ask your child to pay attention to these rules, you’ll have a polite, kind, well-liked child.
★ When asking for something, say “please”, and when getting something, say “thank you”.
★When you have spent time at your friend’s house, ember to thank his or her parents for the food or for the good time you had.
★Knock on closed doors before you come into others’ rooms.
★When you make a phone call, introduce yourself first and then ask if you can speak with the person you are calling.
★Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze （打喷嚏）, and don’t pick your nose in public.
★As you walk through a door, look to see if you can hold it open for someone else.
★If you come across a parent, a teacher, r someone working on something, ask if you can help.
★When someone helps you, “thank you” , That person will want to help you again. This is especially（特别地）true with teachers!
( )16. What should Lisa say first if she makes a phone call
A.Who’s that B.Is that Tom
C.This is Lisa speaking． D.May I speak to Tom
( )17. Before you come into others’ rooms, you should ．
A.say “please” B.say “thank you”
C.knock on the door D.hold the door open
( )18. When , you should say “thank you”．
A.you ask for something B.you help someone
C.you cough in public D.you get something
( )19. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A.It s polite to pick your nose in public.
B.Every kid should know these manners until 9.
C.If you come across someone working, ask if you can help.
D.Busy moms and dads have no time to focus on their children.
【答案详解】16-19 CCDC
文章大意：主要介绍了父母平时应该多关注孩子的举止言行，平时应对他们进行教育。
16. C 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第五段When you make a phone call, introduce yourself first and then ask if you can speak with the person you are calling. 当你打电话时，先介绍一下自己，然后问问对方是否能和对方通话，可知介绍自己要用This is…，故答案C。
17. C 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第四段Knock on closed doors before you come into other's rooms．可知在你进入别人的房间之前，敲一下紧闭的门，故答案C。
18. D 考查细节理解题，根据文中的第二段and when getting something, say"thank you"．可知 当得到某物时，说声"谢谢"，故答案D。
19. C 考查细节理解题，根据文中的倒数第二段If you come across（碰到）a parent, a teacher, or someone working on something, ask if you can help. 或某个人在做某件事，问你是否能帮上忙，故答案C。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出。在日常生活中，忙碌的爸爸妈妈不总是有时间关注孩子的举止，9岁的时候每个孩子都应该知道这些礼仪，所以如果你让孩子注意这些角色，你就会有一个礼貌、善良、喜欢孩子的孩子。
根据题目要求完成句子。
Look at the new rules for students in No. 1 Middle School. Don't tell a lie（说谎）.
Don't copy（抄袭）others answers in the test. It's a bad habit. While you are playing computer games, don't tell your mother you are looking up（查找）new English words.
Surf the Internet safely（安全上网）. Try to stay away from（远离）bad Web pages. Find some good websites（网站）and use them for your study.
Protect（保护）yourself well on the way home. Sometimes the thieves（小偷）may take money from students. If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know.
Do something good. Love animals and care about others. April is the Bird-loving Month in China. You can learn more about birds and learn the ways of protecting them. And when someone is in trouble（处于麻烦中）, please give him or her a hand. You know a friend in need is a friend indeed.
20.As the new rule says, we should ______ well on the way home._____________
21.______ is the Bird-loving Month in China._____________
22.According to the last rule, what should we do ______________________________
23.找出并写下第三段的主题句___________________________________________
24.将文中画线句子译成汉语。____________________________________________
【答案详解】
20.protect ourselves 根据第四段的“Protect yourself wellon the way home."可知答案。
21.April 根据第五段的“April is the Bird-loving Month in China."可知答案。
22. Love animals and care about others./We should love animals and care about others.根据第五段的“Love animals and care about others.”可知答案。
23.Surf the Internet safely.第三段主要讲述了安全上网的规定，故首句为主题句。
24.如果你不得不晚回家，你应该让你的父母知道。
三、任务型阅读。
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. 25. _____________ Not many people realize this, but it is quite true. 26. _____________ But two or three days without water usually leads to death. Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs at work and many people do not drink enough especially in cold weather. 27. _____________ There are also many people who drink only when they are thirsty. But we often need more water.
28. _____________ Water is very important in several different ways. Most people need about five to seven liters （升）of water every day, but we do not need to drink that amount, because a lot of water comes from the food we eat. Drinking water is also important for people who do sports. 29. _____________
A. If we do not have enough water, we can't live. B. 65%-75% of a human's body is water. C. Most people drink enough only in hot weather. D. We need to drink water after doing exercise. E. The human body can live without food for a long time.
【答案】25-29 AECBD
【解析】
25.A上句提到水非常重要，故此处应具体说明水的重要性。结合所给选项，A项最符合语境。故选A项。
26.E 由设空后一句“But two or three days without water usually leads to death.”可知，前后两句表达相反的意思。故选E项。
27.C 根据语境可知，此处作者是在罗列人们对喝水的几个认识误区，且根据前一句可知许多人在天冷的时候喝的水并不够，由此可知C项描述（大多数人只有在天气炎热时才喝足够的水。）符合语境。故选C项。
28.B根据下文描述可知，此处作者是在介绍水和人体的关系。故选B项。
29.D 前一句提到喝水对做运动的人们也很重要，故此处指“在运动后我们需要喝水”。故选D项。
四、写作。
30. Tina是你校新来的一名学生，不了解你校的规章制度，下面请你向他介绍一下。
①上课不能迟到。
②不许在教室里吃东西。
③不许在课堂上听音乐、玩游戏。
④图书室里要保持安静。
⑤不能在走廊跑。
⑥不能打架。
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【参考范文】
Welcome to our school, Tina.Here are some of our school rules.Let me tell you.
We can't arrive late for class.We can't eat in the classroom, but we can eat in the dining hall.We can't listen to music or play games in class, either.We must be quiet in the library.We can't run in the hallways and we mustn't fight.
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、语法填空（2021年苏州市中考）。
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空限填词。
Does my goldfish know who I am
I think this is a great question. I do spend my days ___1___(study)how fish go about their lives. First of all, fish are much smarter than people think. People often talk of goldfish having three-second memories, but in fact they can learn all kinds of things, and remember them ___2___ quite a long time.
This shouldn’t surprise us too much. Just like other animals, they can find enough to eat, and ___3___(know)when it is sale to be out in the open. Being able to learn and remember things helps ___4___(they)do this.
Many kinds of fish can tell one from another, according to their group, their relatives, ___5___ even their own eggs. But fish live in ___6___ very different world from us. For many kinds of fish, although seeing is important, __7___(sense)such as smell and touch are even more important.
So, does your fish know who you are I believe your fish will ___8___(sure)know when it is feeding time. My own fish become very ___9___(excite)when my hand appears near their tank, even before I drop the food in. I’m not sure that your fish will be able to remember what your face ___10___(look)like, but I wouldn’t be too surprised if it could remember you in other ways, perhaps by the sound of your footsteps as you walk towards the tank.
【答案】1. studying 2. for 3. know 4. them 5. and/or
6. a 7. senses 8. surely 9. excited 10. looks
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了鱼比人们想象的聪明得多。人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间，并且对此做出了解释。
【答案解析】
1.句意：我每天都在研究鱼是如何生活的。spend...(in)doing sth“花费时间做某事”，是固定短语，故填studying。
2.句意：人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间。“quite a long time”是一段时间，应用介词for连接，故填for。
3.句意：就像其他动物一样，它们可以找到足够的东西，并且知道什么时候会被公开出售。and连接并列成分，前面是情态动词can后接动词原形，此处也用动词原形，故填know。
4.句意：能够学习和记忆事物有助于它们做到这一点。空处作动词的宾语，应用宾格，故填them。
5.句意：许多种类的鱼可以根据它们的群体，它们的亲戚，甚至它们自己的卵来区分彼此。根据“their group, their relatives...even their own eggs”可知，此处表达的是一种并列或选择关系，可以用and/or连接，故填and/or。
6.句意：但是鱼和我们生活在一个完全不同的世界里。空格修饰其后的单数名词world，应用不定冠词，very是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故填a。
7.句意：对于许多种类的鱼来说，虽然视觉很重要，但嗅觉和触觉等感官更为重要。根据“are”可知，句子主语应是复数名词，故填senses。
8.句意：我相信你的鱼一定会知道什么时候是喂食的时候。空格处修饰的是句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填surely。
9.句意：当我的手出现在我的鱼缸附近时，我的鱼变得非常兴奋。空格处作表语，应用形容词，修饰有生命的鱼，应用ed形容词，故填excited。
10.句意：我不确定你的鱼是否能记住你的脸。句子主语是单数名词face，动词要用三单形式，故填looks。
二、阅读理解（2021年无锡市中考）。
A
THE CAMBERWELL NEWS
The news you want—the way you want it. Monday, 24 May 2021 CHILDREN IN NEED On Friday 21 May, the children and staff at Camberwell Grammar School dressed up as heroes and superheroes to raise money for children in need. The money we raised will go to charities across the country to help and support children who are less fortunate than us. In total, more than $300 has been raised.
11. The picture above is part of _______.
A. a club newspaper B. a school newspaper
C. a club advertisement D. a school advertisement
12. The children dressed up _______.
A. on 21 May B. on 22 May C. on 23 May D. on 24 May
13. The children took part in _______.
A. a sports event B. a game show C. a charity event D. a fashion show
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C
【语篇导读】本篇为记叙文。短文是一则新闻信息，主要关于坎伯威尔文法学校的师生们扮成英雄和超级英雄为贫困儿童筹款。
11.细节理解题。根据标题“THE CAMBERWELL NEWS”以及“On Friday 21 May, the children and staff at Camberwell Grammar School dressed up as heroes and superheroes to raise money for children in need.”可知，短文来自于坎伯威尔文法学校的校报，故选B。
12.细节理解题。根据“On Friday 21 May, the children and staff at Camberwell Grammar School dressed up as heroes and superheroes to raise money for children in need.”可知，5月21日孩子们装扮成英雄和超级英雄为贫困儿童筹款，故选A。
13.细节理解题。根据“The money we raised will go to charities across the country to help and support children who are less fortunate than us.”可知，孩子们筹集的钱将捐给全国各地的慈善机构，所以他们参加的是慈善活动，故选C。
B
Making friends at school can be a little tricky—but it doesn’t have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school. Before you know it, you’ll have a group of friends to have fun with every day!
■ Be friendly.
Using proper body language will help, Stand up straight, make eye contact with people, and smile! Try to avoid crossing your arms over your chest and looking closed off. The more open and friendly you look, the more people will want to get to know you.
■ Sit at a new table during ___28___.
Look for tables with an open seat. If you’re feeling a little nervous, pick a table that only has one or two people sitting down. Head over and ask if you can sit there, then join in on the conversation. If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day.
■Try out for a sports team.
Pick a sport that you like(it could be soccer, basketball, softball, baseball, or anything in between), and try out for the team. Over time, you could become good friends with some of the other people on your team! If your school doesn’t have a sports team, try looking for one at your local community center.
■Join an after-school club.
Meet friends who have the same hobby as you. Ask a teacher or your parents for a list of after school activities and pick 1 or 2 of them that you’re the most excited about. Introduce yourself to everyone when you attended your first club meeting to meet new people and start a fun conversation.
14. Which word is the most suitable for _______
A. holiday B. class C. meeting D. lunch
15. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. how to talk to a stranger B. how to make friends
C. how to start a conversation D. how to choose activities
16. This passage is most probably written for _______.
A. school students B. school teachers
C. younger parents D. older parents
【答案】14. D 15. B 16. A
【语篇导读】本篇为说明文。短文是就如何在学校交朋友给出了一些方法和建议。
14.词义猜测题。根据“Sit at a new table during ….”结合图片内容及下文的描述“Look for tables with an open seat … If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day.”可知此处应是建议“在午餐时间坐在一张新桌子旁边”，故选D。
15.主旨大意题。根据“Making friends at school can be a little tricky - but it doesn’t have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school.” 结合文章内容，可知短文主要就如何在学校交朋友给出了一些方法和建议，故选B。
16.推理判断题。根据“Making friends at school can be a little tricky - but it doesn’t have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school.” 在学校交朋友可能有点棘手——但它并不一定是这样的，试着用这些方法和你班上的人交谈，在校外和他们一起玩。可以推知这篇文章应该是写给学生的，故选A。
