高考英语复习：语法专题 专题12 正反解读特殊句式学案（含答案）
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专题12 正反解读特殊句式
1. …whatever it is, (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
2. Not until recently they encourage the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.
3. You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.
4. If (accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.
5. Always (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
考点一 强调
①It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbours.
正是当我回到我的公寓时,我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。
②Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.
巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全承认。
③When was it that he made up his mind to take this course
他是什么时候决定修这门课程的
[温馨提示] ①强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
②如果原句中含有“not…until”,在强调时间状语时,将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
③强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前;特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。
④do/does/did强调句型:do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调,且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
考点二 倒装
规则1完全倒装
①Just in front of the bus lies an injured man,all covered with blood.
公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人,浑身是血。
②Down jumped the robber from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.
当警察把枪对准他的时候,强盗从楼顶跳了下来。
③Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
一些来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
[温馨提示] 常见的完全倒装句有以下几种:
①表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语,如here,there,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等置于句首,且主语是名词时。
②若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时。
③there be句型:其中be动词有时可用exist,live,stand,lie,seem,appear,remain,happen等词代替,谓语动词用就近原则。
规则2部分倒装
①Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.
直到他经历真正的困难时,他才意识到我们对家人的爱是重要的。
②—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!
—I'm glad you like it.
“太好喝了。我以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料!”
“你喜欢,我很高兴”。
③So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想象它的速度。
[温馨提示] ①only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时句子使用部分倒装。
②否定副词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely,rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时,句子使用部分倒装。
③表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。
④在so…that…和such…that…句式中,如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时,主句中需要部分倒装。
⑤not only…but also…,连接两个并列分句,not only置于句首时,它所在的分句使用部分倒装。
⑥hardly…when…;no sooner…than…;scarcely…when…“刚……就……”,hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时,主句用部分倒装,从句不倒装,且主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
考点三 感叹句
规则1 what引导的感叹句
What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!
①What a strange plant! I've never seen it before.
这种植物真奇怪!我以前从未见过。
②What lovely weather we have been having these days!
这几天我们所有的天气是那么好!
规则2 how引导的感叹句
How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语! How+主语+谓语!
How interesting a story it is! It is worth reading a second time.
这是多么有趣的一个故事啊!真值得再读一遍。
误区之一 倒装句中助动词、系动词、情态动词的缺失
【误】 Only when he was 30 years old he begin to learn English.
【正】 Only when he was 30 years old did he begin to learn English.
[分析] 第二个he前加did。当only和所修饰的状语位于句首时引起部分倒装,根据语境可知begin应用一般过去式,故倒装后应提取助动词did。
误区之二 全倒装结构中主谓一致误用
【误】 Next door to ours lives a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China.
【正】 Next door to ours live a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China.
[分析] lives改为live。此句是全倒装结构,句子的真正主语是a foreign couple,故谓语用复数形式live。句意:我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇,他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活。
误区之三 强调结构和状语从句的误用
【误】 It's more than half a century that my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
【正】 It's more than half a century since my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
[分析] that改为since。 此句是“It is+一段时间+since…”句型。句意:我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了。
误区之四 省略句中to的缺失
【误】 She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not.
【正】 She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not to.
[分析] not后加to。动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise 等动词后作宾语时,为了避免重复,常常省略不定式后的内容,但要保留不定式符号to。
误区之五 感叹句中what与how的误用
【误】 You simply can't imagine how a wonderful time we have been having!
【正】 You simply can't imagine what a wonderful time we have been having!
[分析] how改为what。句意: 你们简直无法想象我们过得有多么愉快!
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. It was last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
2. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours they reach a decision.
3. It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather.
4. when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
5. Call me tomorrow I'll let you know the lab result.
6. (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
7. Some of you may have finished Unit One. If , you can go on to Unit Two.
8. It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that (make) life happy.
9. Was because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
10. No sooner the professor stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
11. Don't turn off the computer before closing all programmes, you could have problems.
12. Not until the motorbike looked almost new he stop repairing and cleaning it.
13. exciting news it was that our class won the first prize in the English contest! We lived up to our teacher's expectations in the end.
14. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness I speak to him again.
15. (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”
2.It was just then when I began to worry about my safety.
3.In a word,success is important,and so does failure,because it's the mother of success.
4.My dear friends,don't afraid of problems,but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
5.That's all.Thank you.Some questions
Ⅲ.语法填空
A third-grade student who was initially punished for shaving her head to support her best friend with cancer has received an 1. (apologize) from her school. Eleven-year-old Delaney Clements has a rare type of childhood cancer and has lost her hair because of chemotherapy(化疗). Kamryn Renfro isn't sick, 2. she decided to shave her head so that Clements wouldn't feel 3. (comfort). “The reason 4. I decided to shave my hair is that I didn't want her to feel she was 5. exception,” Kamryn said.
When Monday came, Kamryn arrived at school in Colorado, only 6. (tell) that her new hair style was 7. the school rules. “I couldn't go to school because of my shaved head,” Kamryn said. “I wanted to share my story but they didn't let me.” Kamryn's mother was angry, 8. (express) her anger on the Internet. Then she found people who supported her daughter and she found lots of them.
Until now the school 9. (admit) their fault to Kamryn and allowed her to return to her class. In a statement they explained that, “Sympathy and selfless acts of courage 10. (be) to be praised and encouraged.”
专题12 正反解读特殊句式
【高考链接】
1.make 句意:无论什么样的事,务必确保它是释放日常压力而非另一件令人担忧的事情。分析句式可知,此句的主句部分是祈使句,故用动词原形make。
2.did 句意:直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的not until recently可知,本句要用部分倒装形式, encourage表示的动作已经发生,故用一般过去时。
3.that 句意:你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客。从理解思路上先看本句是不是强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分.强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后,句子意思依然清楚,结构依然完整。经判断,“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整,句意明确,故本句是强调句,强调的内容是地点,故空格处应填that。
4.accepted 从句的主语和主句的主语you一致,并且主语和动作accept之间是被动的关系,因此用过去分词表示。前面的句子补充完整后为If you are accepted…,是省略主语和be动词的条件状语从句。
5.keep 这是一个完整的句子,而that引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句。故用动词原形。句意:永远记住,你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.that 句意:我是昨天晚上在青少年宫看了一场电影。此句为强调句型,故用that。
2.did 句意:只有当他们讨论了这件事几个小时以后,他们才达成了一致的决定。only修饰after引导的时间状语,且位于句首,句子需用部分倒装语序,根据语境时态可知填did。
3.that 考查强调句。把it was及空去掉,可转换为一个完整的句子,因此是强调句型,根据not…until…强调句型的结构“It was not until…that…”可知填that。
4.Only 句意:直到莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。根据主句用的部分倒装语序可知,此句是“only+状语从句”位于句首时的倒装句,故填Only。
5.and 句意:明天给我打电话,我就可以告诉你试验的结果。本句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,根据句意可知前后分句之间是并列关系,故填and。
6.Observe 句意:在实验室做实验时一定要认真观察是否有任何变化发生。分析句子结构可知,主句部分是祈使句,故用动词原形Observe。
7.that/so 句意:你们中的一些人可能已经完成了第一单元, 如果是那/这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。此处是一个省略句,if that/so 相当于if you have done that/so。
8.makes 句意:让生活快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事,而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。此句是一个强调句型,题干中又包含一个not…but…连接的并列结构,根据主谓一致的原则,make和liking the things we have to do保持一致,故填makes。
9.it 句意:史密斯先生生气是因为杰克上学迟到了吗 本句是强调句的一般疑问句结构,根据“Is/Was it…that/who… ”可知填it。
10.had 句意:这位教授一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。固定句式no sooner…than…表示“一……就……”。该句型中主句常用过去完成时,且no sooner位于句首时主句用部分倒装结构,故填had。
11.or/otherwise 句意:在关闭所有程序之前不要关电脑,否则可能会出问题。本句是“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句”结构,根据句意可知前后分句之间是转折关系,故填or/otherwise。
12.did 句意:直到摩托车看起来几乎像新的一样,他才停止了修复和擦洗。
13.What 句意:我们班在英语竞赛中得了一等奖,这真是令人兴奋的消息啊!我们终于没有辜负老师的期望。此句是“what+形容词+不可数名词”引导的感叹句,故填What。
14.will 句意:只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候,我才会再跟他说话。本题的第一个关键词是only。当“only+状语”放在句首时,主句用部分倒装结构。when引导的时间状语从句是一般现在时,因此主句用一般将来时,故填will。
15.Sitting 句意:坐在树下的是一位十七八岁的迷人的女孩。这是一个倒装句,正常语序应是:A charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen was sitting under the tree。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. Turning改为Turn 2.when→that 3.does→is
4.don't后加be 5.Some→Any
Ⅲ.语法填空
【文章大意】 11年级的Delaney Clements患了癌症头发掉光,Kamryn Renfro为了支持她最好的朋友把自己的头发剃光了,校方以为Kamryn不遵守学校制度把她开除了,后来在舆论的压力下,校方收回了对Kamryn的惩罚。
1.apology 考查名词。an修饰名词, 故用名词形式。
2.but 考查连词。前后分句之间为转折关系, 故用but连接。
3.uncomfortable 考查形容词。这样她患癌症的朋友Clements就不会感到不舒服,因此用uncomfortable。
4.why 考查定语从句的连接词。the reason 作先行词, 后接why引导的定语从句。
5.an 考查冠词。本空表示“一个”,又因空后单词的发音是以元音音素开头的, 因此用an。
6.to be told 考查非谓语动词。“only+不定式”表示意想不到的结果。不定式的逻辑主语Kamryn与动词tell之间是被动关系, 因此用不定式的被动结构。
7.against 考查介词。against表示“违背, 违反”。
8.expressing 考查非谓语动词。express与Kamryn's mother之间为主动关系,因此用v.-ing形式,此处是v.-ing作状语, 表示伴随。
9.has admitted 考查动词的时态。时间状语until now同现在完成时连用。
10.are 主语为sympathy and selfless acts of courage, 因此谓语动词用复数are。句意:同情和无私的勇敢行为值得表扬和鼓励。
1. …whatever it is, (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
2. Not until recently they encourage the development of tourists-related activities in the rural areas.
3. You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.
4. If (accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.
5. Always (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
考点一 强调
①It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbours.
正是当我回到我的公寓时,我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。
②Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.
巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全承认。
③When was it that he made up his mind to take this course
他是什么时候决定修这门课程的
[温馨提示] ①强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
②如果原句中含有“not…until”,在强调时间状语时,将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
③强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前;特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。
④do/does/did强调句型:do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调,且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
考点二 倒装
规则1完全倒装
①Just in front of the bus lies an injured man,all covered with blood.
公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人,浑身是血。
②Down jumped the robber from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.
当警察把枪对准他的时候,强盗从楼顶跳了下来。
③Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
一些来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
[温馨提示] 常见的完全倒装句有以下几种:
①表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语,如here,there,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等置于句首,且主语是名词时。
②若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时。
③there be句型:其中be动词有时可用exist,live,stand,lie,seem,appear,remain,happen等词代替,谓语动词用就近原则。
规则2部分倒装
①Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.
直到他经历真正的困难时,他才意识到我们对家人的爱是重要的。
②—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!
—I'm glad you like it.
“太好喝了。我以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料!”
“你喜欢,我很高兴”。
③So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想象它的速度。
[温馨提示] ①only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时句子使用部分倒装。
②否定副词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely,rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时,句子使用部分倒装。
③表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。
④在so…that…和such…that…句式中,如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时,主句中需要部分倒装。
⑤not only…but also…,连接两个并列分句,not only置于句首时,它所在的分句使用部分倒装。
⑥hardly…when…;no sooner…than…;scarcely…when…“刚……就……”,hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时,主句用部分倒装,从句不倒装,且主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
考点三 感叹句
规则1 what引导的感叹句
What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!
①What a strange plant! I've never seen it before.
这种植物真奇怪!我以前从未见过。
②What lovely weather we have been having these days!
这几天我们所有的天气是那么好!
规则2 how引导的感叹句
How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语! How+主语+谓语!
How interesting a story it is! It is worth reading a second time.
这是多么有趣的一个故事啊!真值得再读一遍。
误区之一 倒装句中助动词、系动词、情态动词的缺失
【误】 Only when he was 30 years old he begin to learn English.
【正】 Only when he was 30 years old did he begin to learn English.
[分析] 第二个he前加did。当only和所修饰的状语位于句首时引起部分倒装,根据语境可知begin应用一般过去式,故倒装后应提取助动词did。
误区之二 全倒装结构中主谓一致误用
【误】 Next door to ours lives a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China.
【正】 Next door to ours live a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China.
[分析] lives改为live。此句是全倒装结构,句子的真正主语是a foreign couple,故谓语用复数形式live。句意:我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇,他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活。
误区之三 强调结构和状语从句的误用
【误】 It's more than half a century that my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
【正】 It's more than half a century since my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
[分析] that改为since。 此句是“It is+一段时间+since…”句型。句意:我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了。
误区之四 省略句中to的缺失
【误】 She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not.
【正】 She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not to.
[分析] not后加to。动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise 等动词后作宾语时,为了避免重复,常常省略不定式后的内容,但要保留不定式符号to。
误区之五 感叹句中what与how的误用
【误】 You simply can't imagine how a wonderful time we have been having!
【正】 You simply can't imagine what a wonderful time we have been having!
[分析] how改为what。句意: 你们简直无法想象我们过得有多么愉快!
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. It was last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
2. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours they reach a decision.
3. It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather.
4. when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
5. Call me tomorrow I'll let you know the lab result.
6. (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
7. Some of you may have finished Unit One. If , you can go on to Unit Two.
8. It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that (make) life happy.
9. Was because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry
10. No sooner the professor stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
11. Don't turn off the computer before closing all programmes, you could have problems.
12. Not until the motorbike looked almost new he stop repairing and cleaning it.
13. exciting news it was that our class won the first prize in the English contest! We lived up to our teacher's expectations in the end.
14. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness I speak to him again.
15. (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”
2.It was just then when I began to worry about my safety.
3.In a word,success is important,and so does failure,because it's the mother of success.
4.My dear friends,don't afraid of problems,but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
5.That's all.Thank you.Some questions
Ⅲ.语法填空
A third-grade student who was initially punished for shaving her head to support her best friend with cancer has received an 1. (apologize) from her school. Eleven-year-old Delaney Clements has a rare type of childhood cancer and has lost her hair because of chemotherapy(化疗). Kamryn Renfro isn't sick, 2. she decided to shave her head so that Clements wouldn't feel 3. (comfort). “The reason 4. I decided to shave my hair is that I didn't want her to feel she was 5. exception,” Kamryn said.
When Monday came, Kamryn arrived at school in Colorado, only 6. (tell) that her new hair style was 7. the school rules. “I couldn't go to school because of my shaved head,” Kamryn said. “I wanted to share my story but they didn't let me.” Kamryn's mother was angry, 8. (express) her anger on the Internet. Then she found people who supported her daughter and she found lots of them.
Until now the school 9. (admit) their fault to Kamryn and allowed her to return to her class. In a statement they explained that, “Sympathy and selfless acts of courage 10. (be) to be praised and encouraged.”
专题12 正反解读特殊句式
【高考链接】
1.make 句意:无论什么样的事,务必确保它是释放日常压力而非另一件令人担忧的事情。分析句式可知,此句的主句部分是祈使句,故用动词原形make。
2.did 句意:直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的not until recently可知,本句要用部分倒装形式, encourage表示的动作已经发生,故用一般过去时。
3.that 句意:你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客。从理解思路上先看本句是不是强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分.强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that/who去掉后,句子意思依然清楚,结构依然完整。经判断,“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整,句意明确,故本句是强调句,强调的内容是地点,故空格处应填that。
4.accepted 从句的主语和主句的主语you一致,并且主语和动作accept之间是被动的关系,因此用过去分词表示。前面的句子补充完整后为If you are accepted…,是省略主语和be动词的条件状语从句。
5.keep 这是一个完整的句子,而that引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句。故用动词原形。句意:永远记住,你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.that 句意:我是昨天晚上在青少年宫看了一场电影。此句为强调句型,故用that。
2.did 句意:只有当他们讨论了这件事几个小时以后,他们才达成了一致的决定。only修饰after引导的时间状语,且位于句首,句子需用部分倒装语序,根据语境时态可知填did。
3.that 考查强调句。把it was及空去掉,可转换为一个完整的句子,因此是强调句型,根据not…until…强调句型的结构“It was not until…that…”可知填that。
4.Only 句意:直到莉莉走进办公室时,她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。根据主句用的部分倒装语序可知,此句是“only+状语从句”位于句首时的倒装句,故填Only。
5.and 句意:明天给我打电话,我就可以告诉你试验的结果。本句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,根据句意可知前后分句之间是并列关系,故填and。
6.Observe 句意:在实验室做实验时一定要认真观察是否有任何变化发生。分析句子结构可知,主句部分是祈使句,故用动词原形Observe。
7.that/so 句意:你们中的一些人可能已经完成了第一单元, 如果是那/这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。此处是一个省略句,if that/so 相当于if you have done that/so。
8.makes 句意:让生活快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事,而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。此句是一个强调句型,题干中又包含一个not…but…连接的并列结构,根据主谓一致的原则,make和liking the things we have to do保持一致,故填makes。
9.it 句意:史密斯先生生气是因为杰克上学迟到了吗 本句是强调句的一般疑问句结构,根据“Is/Was it…that/who… ”可知填it。
10.had 句意:这位教授一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。固定句式no sooner…than…表示“一……就……”。该句型中主句常用过去完成时,且no sooner位于句首时主句用部分倒装结构,故填had。
11.or/otherwise 句意:在关闭所有程序之前不要关电脑,否则可能会出问题。本句是“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句”结构,根据句意可知前后分句之间是转折关系,故填or/otherwise。
12.did 句意:直到摩托车看起来几乎像新的一样,他才停止了修复和擦洗。
13.What 句意:我们班在英语竞赛中得了一等奖,这真是令人兴奋的消息啊!我们终于没有辜负老师的期望。此句是“what+形容词+不可数名词”引导的感叹句,故填What。
14.will 句意:只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候,我才会再跟他说话。本题的第一个关键词是only。当“only+状语”放在句首时,主句用部分倒装结构。when引导的时间状语从句是一般现在时,因此主句用一般将来时,故填will。
15.Sitting 句意:坐在树下的是一位十七八岁的迷人的女孩。这是一个倒装句,正常语序应是:A charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen was sitting under the tree。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1. Turning改为Turn 2.when→that 3.does→is
4.don't后加be 5.Some→Any
Ⅲ.语法填空
【文章大意】 11年级的Delaney Clements患了癌症头发掉光,Kamryn Renfro为了支持她最好的朋友把自己的头发剃光了,校方以为Kamryn不遵守学校制度把她开除了,后来在舆论的压力下,校方收回了对Kamryn的惩罚。
1.apology 考查名词。an修饰名词, 故用名词形式。
2.but 考查连词。前后分句之间为转折关系, 故用but连接。
3.uncomfortable 考查形容词。这样她患癌症的朋友Clements就不会感到不舒服,因此用uncomfortable。
4.why 考查定语从句的连接词。the reason 作先行词, 后接why引导的定语从句。
5.an 考查冠词。本空表示“一个”,又因空后单词的发音是以元音音素开头的, 因此用an。
6.to be told 考查非谓语动词。“only+不定式”表示意想不到的结果。不定式的逻辑主语Kamryn与动词tell之间是被动关系, 因此用不定式的被动结构。
7.against 考查介词。against表示“违背, 违反”。
8.expressing 考查非谓语动词。express与Kamryn's mother之间为主动关系,因此用v.-ing形式,此处是v.-ing作状语, 表示伴随。
9.has admitted 考查动词的时态。时间状语until now同现在完成时连用。
10.are 主语为sympathy and selfless acts of courage, 因此谓语动词用复数are。句意:同情和无私的勇敢行为值得表扬和鼓励。