外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown Developing ideas 课件(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
UNIT 5　
Into the unknown
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Developing ideas
1. Students could learn to memorize some words and phrases.
2. Students could get the main idea of this passage.
3. Students could write sentences about this topic.
Learning Aims:
新单词短语
shipwreck / prek/ n. 失事的船；沉船
archaeological / ɑ k l d k( )l/ adj. 考古学的；
coral / k r l/ n. 珊瑚
millimetre / m l mi t / n. 毫米
barreleye / b r la / n. 管眼鱼
upwards / pw dz/ adv. 向上，朝上
trench /trent / n. 海沟
New words!
New words!
新单词短语
equivalent / kw v( )l nt/ adj. 等同的；等值的；
stack /st k/ v. （使）整齐地堆起；摞起
furthermore / f m / adv. 此外；而且；
notable / n t b( )l/ adj. 显要的；显著的；值得注意的
substance / s bst ns/ n. 物质
vessel / ves( )l/ n. 船；舰
drilling /dr l / n. 钻探；勘探
As you read, notice the discourse markers
used in the text, eg in addition, also, however,
furthermore, as well as. These markers
function like road signs, helping you connect
ideas and understand the writer’s attitude
and opinions.
Learning to learn
重点词汇
discourse 论文 ; 演讲
in addition 此外
furthermore 此外
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. What are zones in the ocean
Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone, Midnight Zone and Abyssal Zone.
Which parts of the ocean have been explored Give your ideas.
Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone.
1Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth’s furthest corners. Among these is the Esmeralda, the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia. Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little – if any – land on our planet left unexplored. We have more detailed maps of the Moon, and even of Venus and Mars, than we do of Earth’s
own sea bed.
1据估计，全球有300万起沉船事故。所有这些都代表了几个世纪以来探索地球最遥远角落的尝试。其中包括埃斯梅拉达号，这是欧洲探索亚洲时代最早的沉船。今天，在“埃斯梅拉达”号启航约500年后，我们的星球上几乎没有——如果有的话——未被探索的土地。我们有比地球海床更详细的月球地图，甚至金星和火星地图。
2 Given our limited knowledge, it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields. As with the discovery of the Esmeralda, many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters near the coast. These may sometimes include whole cities buried beneath the waves. One such find is the ancient Roman city of Neápolis, discovered off the coast of Tunisia. Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neápolis are almost 2,000 years old. The remaining streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history. However, we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure, darkness and extreme cold at vast depths. Fragments of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered.
2鉴于我们的知识有限，对海洋的探索继续导致各种科学领域的发现也许并不奇怪。与埃斯梅拉达号的发现一样，许多考古发现都是在海岸附近的浅水区发现的。这些有时可能包括被海浪淹没的整个城市。其中一个发现是在突尼斯海岸发现的古罗马城市奈波利斯。Neápolis遗址据信在公元四世纪被海啸淹没在水下，距今已有近2000年的历史。剩下的街道和建筑为我们历史上一个迷人的时期提供了一扇窗户。然而，我们才刚刚开始克服巨大深度的压力、黑暗和极端寒冷的挑战。海底深处的过去碎片仍在等待被发现。
3 Amazing biological discoveries are also being made.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to90 per cent of the planet’s fish. In these waters, more than 200 metres deep, where light cannot reach, are extraordinary creatures thatappear as if they are straight out of science fiction. Imagine bone-white coral 6,000 metres below the ocean’s surface, growing at the rate of only one or two millimetres per year. Some of these could be 4,000 years old. Swimming through these black depths is the barreleye, a strange fish with eyes that can look upwards through its transparent forehead. In the very deepest ocean trenches that are more than 8,000 metres below the surface, the pressure is equivalent to 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another. Yet there is still life to be found, even around the deep-sea volcanic openings. These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
3惊人的生物发现也在不断涌现。海洋的黑暗地带可能含有地球上90%的鱼类。在这些200多米深、光线无法到达的水域中，有一些非同寻常的生物，看起来就像是科幻小说中的直接生物。想象一下，骨白色珊瑚在海面下6000米处，以每年仅一两毫米的速度生长。其中一些可能有4000年的历史。在这些黑色的深处游动的是桶眼鱼，这是一种奇怪的鱼，它的眼睛可以透过透明的前额向上看。在地表下8000多米的最深海沟中，压力相当于50架飞机一架叠在另一架上。然而，即使在深海火山口周围，仍有生命有待发现。这些发现都有助于我们了解地球上的生命能力，即使在最极端的情况下也是如此。
4 Furthermore, the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources, some of which are completely new to us. Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance, known as “fire ice”, under the South China Sea.In addition, China’s underwater vessels, such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yongshi, have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.
The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine, at 7,062 metres, giving China its place alongside the world’s top ocean explorers. The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed, as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling, taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
4此外，海洋是一个宝贵的自然资源来源，其中一些对我们来说是全新的。其中最值得注意的是，中国在南中国海海底发现了一种被称为“火冰”的类冰物质。此外，中国的水下船只，如“蛟龙”号和“神海永世”号，一直在探索数千米深处的水域。
“蛟龙”号甚至保持着7062米的载人潜艇最深潜水纪录，使中国与世界顶级海洋探险家并列。这些船只进行的研究使科学家们更深入地了解海床是如何形成的，并有助于确定深海钻探区域，将深海勘探带入一个全新的时代。
5海洋深处是一个完全黑暗、巨大压力和严寒的艰苦环境，长期以来人类无法探索。然而，通过更密切的国际科学、经济和文化合作，我们都正在成为全球使命的一部分，以打开我们星球的最后边界。人类正在进入一个海洋发现的新时代，有一天，海浪下的世界可能会和我们今天行走的土地一样熟悉。
5 Being a tough environment of complete darkness, enormous pressure and intense cold, the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration. However, through closer international scientific, economic and cultural cooperation, we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet’s final frontier. Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery, and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today.
What has been discovered in the ocean depths
Shipwrecks of the Esmeralda, ruins of ancient cities and the substance known as “fire ice” have been discovered in the ocean depths.
Diving deep
Introduction
Ocean exploration
Conclusion
Para.2: the ruins of Neapolis
Para.3: amazing biological discoveries
Para.4: discovery of natural resources
Humankind is entering
a new age of oceanic discovery.
Para. 2-4
Introduce the topic.
deep sea
Archaeological
shallow waters
vast depths
the ruins of Neapolis
Biological
the capacity for life
the planet’s fish
bone-white coral
the barreleye
life to be found
the sea bed
deep-sea drilling
“fire ice”
vessels
1. What’s the main idea of the passage
1. Millions of shipwrecks lying under waters.
2. Human’s exploration in the sea.
3. The tough environment of the sea.
4. Some new discoveries in the deep sea.
2
2. Which is TRUE of the passage
A. We have known all about the earth.
B. Even a whole city may be buried in the sea.
C. Most of the fishes live in shallow waters.
D. Humans have reached the deepest area of the ocean.
2
Why do you think the author uses statistics in the passage
It makes the passage more covincing.
重点词汇
one day 一天；一日
be familiar to 熟悉 ; 为…所熟悉
natural resources 天然资源;自然资源
In addition 此外，另外 ; 加之 ; 除…之外
deep-sea drilling 深海钻探
be equivalent to 相当于 ; 等同于
one on top of another 重叠
still life 静物 ; 静物画
wreck 沉船 ;
unexplored 无人涉足的
off the coast 在海面上
lead to 导致 ; 通向
Writing about the unexplained
Along a special line of latitude, known as the 30th parallel
north, lie numerous sites of ancient civilisations and
impressive natural features.
Ancient civilisations appeared on the parallel, including
Babylon, with its famous tower; Egypt, with its pyramids;
China, with its Sanxingdui culture, etc. These civilisations
appeared at a similar time, and all developed advanced
bronze-making techniques. Were they part of a single
super-civilisation, as some think
What is your understanding of this part
沿着一条被称为北纬30度的特殊纬度线，分布着许多古代文明遗址和令人印象深刻的自然特征。
古代文明出现在平行线上，包括拥有著名塔楼的巴比伦；埃及，有金字塔；中国，三星堆文化等。这些文明出现在相似的时间，都发展出了先进的青铜制造技术。正如一些人所认为的那样，它们是单一超级文明的一部分吗？
It’s argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy, with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This creates amazing natural features, including Mount Qomolangma, the Dead Sea, and rivers, such as the Nile, the Mississippi and the Yangtze. Lacking any concrete evidence, some even claim it was supernatural powers! Scientists, however, dispute these theories. It’s more likely, they argue, that civilisations arose on the 30th parallel north because the climate there is generally warm and damp. Major tectonic plates meet at this latitude, causing earthquakes, which helped form the Himalayas. The rest, they say, is either coincidence or fantasy.
有人认为，北纬30度是一条巨大的自然能量线，地震和火山爆发频繁。这创造了令人惊叹的自然景观，包括珠穆朗玛峰、死海和尼罗河、密西西比河和长江等河流。由于缺乏任何具体的证据，有些人甚至声称这是超自然的力量！然而，科学家们对这些理论提出了质疑。他们认为，更可能的是，文明出现在平行的北方30号，因为那里的气候通常温暖潮湿。主要的构造板块在这个纬度交汇，引发地震，从而形成喜马拉雅山脉。他们说，剩下的要么是巧合，要么是幻想
What are some possible scientific explanations
The generally warm and wet climate that made it a good place for civilisations to develop.
Writing a passage about the unexplained world.
Work in groups. Give a talk about the influences of
ocean exploration on your daily life
文章一般包括三部分。
首先简要介绍并描写未解之谜。
然后详细介绍关于该未解之谜。包括时间，地点或特征等。
最后描述对其所做的科学探索，试着解开谜团。
时态多为现在时或过去时态。
The significance of ocean exploration are as follows:
1. Modern research suggests that life originated in the ocean.
2. Abundant water resources burden the operation of the global water cycle system, affecting and even determining the global climate.
3. The abundant biological resources provide scientific research specimens.
4. Rich in economic fish and algae, providing food, oils, chemical materials, drugs, and more.
Try to talk your ideas with others
1.
2.
3.
Thank you!