2022~2023学年第一学期末学业质量监测试卷
高三英语
注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
2. 答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题卷上。
3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。
4. 作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分〉
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman help the man
A. By filling in a form. B. By helping him paint. C. By handing in a painting.
2. What is the woman doing
A. Having a haircut. B. Giving directions. C. Asking the way.
3. What does Todd have to do alone
A. Pick up the clients. B. Give a presentation. C. Go on a business trip.
4. What does the man mean
A. He gave Jane a ride. B. He took a bus home yesterday. C. He didn’t see Jane on the way home.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Some songs. B. A car race. C. A video game.
第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many languages can the man speak fluently now
A. Two. B. Four. C. Six.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Waiter and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will Sally celebrate her birthday
A. This Friday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Friday.
9. Who will most likely help the woman
A. Helen. B. Sara. C. Carmen.
听第8段材料，回答第10—12题。
10. What is the book about
A. Traveling rules. B. Foreign languages. C. Tourist attractions.
11. Where is the man going after his business trip
A. To Saudi Arabia. B. To Italy. C. To France.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Give her some suggestions. B. Buy her a souvenir. C. Make a plan for her.
听第9段材料，回答第13—16题。
13. Why did Carla change the way she worked
A. She didn’t enjoy the work she did.
B. She spent little time at home.
C. She had health problems.
14. What is the reason that Carla runs her own business
A. To have a flexible schedule. B. To take more holidays. C. To earn more money.
15. What has Carla changed about exercise
A. The amount. B. The time. C. The form.
16. Which time-saving idea does Carla find efficient
A. Making to-do lists.
B. Spending little time choosing clothes.
C. Checking e-mails on the way to work.
听第10段材料，回答第17—20题。
17. Who might Mary Locke be
A. A news reporter. B. A plane designer. C. A fire ranger.
18. Where do the pilots pick up water
A From a river. B. From a lake. C. From the Fire Center.
19. How does the speaker describe the pilot’s job
A. Extraordinary. B. Exciting. C. Dangerous.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. The crew has to drop water 20 times to put out the fire.
B. The plane’s tanks hold no more than 5,000 liters of water.
C. The fire rangers should keep the plane away from the fire.
第二部分：阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beware of Phone /Online Scams
Have you been the victim of a phone/online scams If you ever think that there’s really no reason to worry, just remember the following statistics.
—315,000 cases broken in 2015-2017 in China.
—More than billions of money involved.
—Victims of 19 years old top the list in terms of age.
—Victims of 18-25 years old account for 52.4% of the whole.
—……
And here in below we are sharing 4 typical types of Phone/Online scams and how to deal with them.
Type 1 Hello, this is police station. You’re involved in a case of money laundering (洗钱) (or some other financial crime). We need your cooperation with the investigation…… Please transfer your money into the national security account. Tip 1: If you are really involved in financial crime, police will visit your home at the first opportunity and take you for investigation. Police are not so dumb as to inform you via telephone. And there is no such thing as national security account. Type 2 Hey! Wang (he may know your name). Drop by my office tomorrow morning. BTW, I will be treating some VIP clients soon. I need you to transfer some money into this account. It will refund your money tomorrow. Tip 2: Think about it. How could any boss in the world ask you for money Meeting VIP clients without a cent in his pocket And why doesn’t he ask you to give the money to him in person He is nobody but a scam!
Type 3 You’ve got a package which contains illegal drugs or goods. You are now requested to call this number to contact the Public Security Bureau. (Then it all follows scenario. Tip 3: Public Security Bureau WILL NOT deal with cases via phone calls. NEITHER WILL they send out notification via message. Type 4 (In some cases the number is disguised as authentic bank number through software). We are sorry to inform you that you have a bank overdraft. Please contact this customer service representative. His number is XX XXX XXX XX. Tip 4: DO NOT panic. REMEMBER to dial the official contact number of the bank to double check.
1. What’s the main purpose of mentioning the statistics at the beginning
A. To remind the public of the figures. B. To highlight the accuracy of the figures.
C. To show the gravity of the phenomenon. D. To prove the existence of the phenomenon.
2. Which types of Phone/Online scams require people to transfer money directly
A. Type 1 and Type 2 B. Type 3 and Type 4
C. Type 1 and Type 3 D. Type 2 and Type 4
3. Where can you probably find the article
A. On a security leaflet. B. On a travel brochure.
C. In a poster from a bank. D. In an email for students.
B
In the early 19th century, Egypt connected two vast regions: the Ottoman Empire (奥斯曼帝国) and the African continent. For centuries, the Ottoman Empire had been at the center of Eurasian trade. It had also been a major center of manufacturing which produced handmade goods for Europe and Africa.
However, the industrialization of Europe meant that cheaper goods made by machines soon flooded into the Ottoman Empire. The result of this competition was that Africa was increasingly seen as a place that provided new materials for European factories, rather than one that had factories of its own.
Egypt was an African country that was technically part of the Ottoman Empire. It was first invaded by the French army. With British help, the Ottoman forces drove the French out of Egypt. Following this, Muhammad Ali successfully brought about Egyptian independence from the Ottoman Empire. By 1831, he was effectively an independent ruler of a more modern Egypt.
Egypt was already a small-scale producer of cotton, which was sold to Britain. Ali encouraged even more cotton production nationwide. With the money from this cotton production, Ali’s government began to aid factories so that the country could profit from its own industrialization. By the late 1840s, it looked like Egypt would eventually become an industrial power.
During the following years, Egypt’s economy stagnated and slowly slid into decline. The factories ceased production, and by the 1880s, it had to seek help from Britain financially. Though Egypt remained formally independent, it seemed to be more like a British colony.
Europeans kept interfering in Egypt partly because of the Suez Canal. Egypt’s new leaders were already stressful because of the industrial collapse that left their country unable to repay the money borrowed from Britain. Finally in 1875, the king sold his share in the Suez Canal Company to the British, giving them control of this important national resource. The powerful British took advantage of this instability and seized the country.
4. For Africa, what was the result of the industrialization of Europe
A. The new factories began to spring up in Africa.
B. The prices of the goods became higher in Africa.
C. Africa was reduced to material suppliers gradually.
D. Handmade goods became popular in Europe and Africa.
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stagnated” in Para 5
A. recovered B. bounced C. ruined D. stopped
6. Which is the right order as for the events in history
① French invaded Egypt. ② The Ottoman Empire ruled Egypt.
③ Britain seized Egypt. ④ Egypt gained independence.
A. ①③②④ B. ①②④③ C. ②①③④ D. ②①④③
7. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe the 19th-century Egypt
A. The Suez Canal was the main contributing cause of all disputes.
B. Egypt enjoyed booming development and underwent social unrest.
C. Egyptians were so brave as not to obey the rulers of other countries.
D. Egypt lived up to the status—one of the Great Ancient Civilizations.
C
How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply ‘not bad’, or ‘could be worse’. But what would make us feel ‘perfect’ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated—but how
Of course there are many ways of improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to helping improve our wellbeing. It’s something the TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. It suggested several ‘health hacks’ which the programme’s presenters tried and gave their ‘seal of approval’. And maybe they could help us too.
Firstly, to deal with putting on weight and to cut the calories, the programme found sniffing (嗅) peppermint (薄荷) stops our longing for a snack. Presenter, chef and writer Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall says “a scientific theory called ‘mutual competition’ shows that a strong smell can distract our brain from the food we’re thinking about.”
If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it’s suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. With recent studies showing our phones can make us 26% less productive and increase our stress, it seems like a no-brainer to try this ‘dim’ idea.
Fancy a swim in ice-cold water Well, the TV programme found a daily dip in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses. And another way to ‘chill out’ is to leave your smartphone at home, immerse yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air. Forest bathing is the perfect tonic for the stresses of urban life.
Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and walking around more to get away from our sedentary (久坐不动) lives. But whatever way we choose to adopt, it seems any change to our lifestyle can help improve our body and mind.
8. What’s the function of a series of questions in the first paragraph
A. To provide more background information. B. To provoke thinking and bring out the topic.
C To expect readers can give specific answers. D. To attract readers to focus on physical health.
9. What’s the author’s attitude towards the TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Negative. D. Critical.
10. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A. The strong smell of peppermint is bound to cut the calories.
B. To remove life stresses, you must have a swim in freezing water.
C. Making the phone screen colorful makes us more focused and efficient.
D. An ice-water swim and forest bathing have the similar effect on stresses.
11. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To tell readers how to be perfect. B. To introduce a popular TV programme.
C. To offer some ways to belter well-being. D. To get rid of some bad habits in daily life.
D
There is increasing alarm about the extent of microplastic pollution, which has been found everywhere from Everest to the Arctic. However, it turns out there’s an even smaller and more toxic form of plastic pollution entering remote reaches of the globe. A new study published in Environmental Research found significant quantities of nanoplastics in ice samples from both the North and South Poles.
“Now we know that nanoplastics are transported to these corners of the Earth in these quantities. This indicates that nanoplastics are really a bigger pollution problem than we thought,” study lead author Dusan Materic said in a press release.
Nanoplastics are plastics that are smaller than a micrometer in size. Their small size means they are more difficult to study than microplastics, or plastics between five millimeters and a micrometer. But they may be even more dangerous.
“Nanoplastics are very toxicologically (毒理学地) active compared to, for instance, microplastics, and that’s why this is very important,” Materic said.
Materic and his team used new methods to measure nanoplastic pollution in ice samples from Greenland and Antarctica. They sampled a 14-meter-deep ice core from the Greenland ice cap and sea ice from Antarctica’s McMurdo Sound. They found that there were an average of 13.2 nanograms per milliliter of nanoplastics in the Greenland ice and an average of 52.3 nanograms per milliliter in the Antarctic ice.
But what was even more surprising than the amount of nanoplastics in the remote ice was just how long they had sat there. “In the Greenland core, we see nanoplastic pollution happening all the way from the 1960s. So organisms in that region, despite the lack of the solid evidence, likely all over the world, have been exposed to it for quite some time now,” Materic said.
The study also looked at the types of plastic present in the samples. Half of the Greenland nanoplastics were polyethylene (PE), the kind of plastic used for plastic bags and packaging. A quarter came from tires and a fifth were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used for clothing and bottles.
12. Why should researchers focus more on nanoplastics
A. They are more important to science. B. They are smaller but more dangerous.
C. They are easily polluted by ocean water. D. They are more active in cold surroundings.
13. What can we learn about nanoplastics
A. The North and South poles are the birthplace of nanoplastics.
B. Kanoplastics have less influence on the planet than microplastics.
C. Nanoplastics found in the samples are widely used in the daily life.
D. Nanoplastics have been existing since the 1960s throughout the world.
14. What does the underlined word ‘that region’ refer to in Para 6
A. Greenland ice cap. B. Antarctica’s McMurdo.
C. The south and north poles. D. All places in the world.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Mircoplastics—proving more dangerous. B. Nanoplastics—making its way to the poles.
C. Nanoplastics—posing a threat to people’s life. D. Mircoplastics—setting the alarm bells ringing.
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading corner, ignoring the world around you, lost in a tale. You read the brief introduction to a book, instantly become glued and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate — physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks. ___16___
Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception. ___17___
But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes — physical books and e-books. They can help to retain information better. ___18___ Besides, with physical books and e-books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders at some point or other.
On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film — in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greater sense of empathy as you hear the emotion of the narrator. ___19___ Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, heightening the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more.
___20___ Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience.
A. You can more easily understand inflection (转调) and tone.
B. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are benefits definitely.
C. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book
D. All in all, it seems that there are advantages to the three types mentioned above.
E. Like e-books, physical books seem emotionless but make you free of distraction.
F. In sum, there is no limit, which is decided by how much a person reads the rest of life.
G. This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely.
第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ken Hale was born in 1934 and grew up in the rugged American Southwest. As a boy, he kept his ears ___21___ for as many foreign languages as he could. He ___22___ Spanish, Navajo, Tohono O’odham, Hopi and more from his friends and roommates at boarding school. His obsession with learning languages once astonished all acquaintances around him. Even he got in trouble at school for ___23___ more on languages than homework.
Later on, he gained fame and ___24___ for publishing a truly surprising amount of research on many Australian aboriginal languages. Once there happened an impressive thing—he was so ___25___ by one, Warlpiri, that he raised his two sons speaking it.
Ken was always extremely ___26___ to the needs and wants of the local language communities. He established schools of linguistics and language revitalization programs across the world so that native speakers could ___27___ their languages.
All his life, even during his teaching as a professor of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he had a(n) ___28___ ability to learn languages quickly and ___29___.
You might want to take some lessons away from Ken’s methods. Ken started out his way: ___30___ a devoted native speaker tutor who can ___31___ you on pronunciation first and review whatever notes you’re taking; learn the ___32___ system first, because you’ll want to hear every detail of what your tutor says—plus, that way, you can take more accurate notes.
Then he’d ___33___ quickly on to sentence patterns. If you learn how to say “I am walking to the river”, it’s probably not far off from “I am running to the river” or “I am walking to the forest”. Besides, it takes a lot of patience to ___34___ your guesses with a tutor, and actually patience was a ___35___ of Ken. To him, speaking to somebody in their own language was a mark of respect. If only we could all be so respectful!
21. A. cautious B. open C. conscious D. shallow
22. A. picked up B. picked out C. gave up D. gave out
23. A. agreeing B. trying C. resting D. focusing
24 A. money B. time C. respect D. chance
25. A. confident B. fascinated C. gifted D. positive
26. A. blind B. keen C. accustomed D. sensitive
27. A. speak B. exchange C. revive D. lecture
28. A. original B. amazing C. primitive D. elegant
29. A. permanently B. definitely C. roughly D. accurately
30. A. Seek out B. Watch out C. Hear from D. Follow up
31. A. coach B. urge C. consult D. refresh
32. A. education B. writing C. sound D. reading
33. A. talk B. move C. walk D. step
34. A. challenge B. fulfill C. communicate D. check
35. A. virtue B. core C. guarantee D. calling
第二节 (共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why true happiness isn’t about being happy all the time
Over the past two decades, the positive psychology movement ___36___ (brighten) up psychological research with its science of happiness, human potential and flourishing. It argues that psychologists should investigate not only mental illness but also ___37___ makes life worth living.
The founding father of positive psychology, Martin Seligman, describes happiness as experiencing frequent positive emotions, such as joy, excitement and satisfaction, ___38___ (combine) with deeper feelings of meaning and purpose. It implies a positive attitude in the present and an optimistic outlook for the future. Importantly, happiness experts have argued that happiness is not a stable, ___39___ (change) feature but something flexible ___40___ we can work on and ultimately strive towards.
Recent research indicates that psychological ___41___ (flexible) is the key to greater happiness and well-being. For example, ___42___ (be) open to emotional experiences and the ability to tolerate periods of discomfort can allow us to move towards a richer, more meaningful existence. Studies have also demonstrated that the way we respond to the circumstances of our lives has ___43___ (influence) on our happiness than the events ___44___ (they). Experiencing stress, sadness and anxiety in the short term doesn’t mean we can’t be happy in the long term. Often when people have faced difficulty, illness or loss, they describe their lives as happier and more meaningful as a result.
_____45_____ feeling happy, which is a temporary state, leading a happier life is about individual growth by finding meaning through the whole life. It is about accepting our humanity with all its ups and downs, enjoying the positive emotions, and making use of painful feelings in order to reach our full potential.
第四部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 为了给高三学生减压，你校开展了快乐课间活动。请你给校广播站“英语之声”栏目写一篇广播稿，报道这个活动，内容包括：
1. 活动背景和意义；
2. 活动细节；
3. 效果和感受。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Happy Class Break
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing, especially when you’re 13 years old. I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face, a smile, anything. I was quite disappointed, to say the least. And I, in turn, felt somewhat foolish, walking across campus with a false smile on my face. I was simply attempting to follow the advice my mother had given me years before: when things get awkward, smile. No matter where you are, a smile will always be understood. A smile is universal. At that very moment, however, I felt my mother’s advice didn’t work.
On top of it all, my mind was racing with questions and concerns typical of any 13-year-old on the first day of school: where would I sit at lunch Who would I talk to Not to mention, how would I make friends when I didn’t even speak the language My heartbeat quickened, and I felt nervous. Still, I did my best to maintain calm so as not to let my guard down and reveal to others just how scared I truly was.
When the teacher introduced me to the class as the “American girl”, 10 sets of hands immediately shot up. Some students had questions, others wanted to practice their English with me. Because I didn’t speak much Chinese yet, I communicated with the other students through hand motions mixed in with broken English and Chinese. Despite the attention, I wasn’t sure how much of it was positive. It was almost as if they weren’t sure what to make of me and I was being examined. Then again, who could blame them After all, I was the first American ever to attend the school. So essentially, we were all first timers.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then came the first class — Chinese painting.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I burnt with great embarrassment, Li Hua, who was next to me, gave me a warm smile.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1—5 ACBCC 6—10 BCBAA 11—15 CABAB 16—20 BCBCA2022~2023学年第一学期末学业质量监测试卷
高三英语
注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
2. 答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题卷上。
3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。
4. 作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分〉
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman help the man
A. By filling in a form. B. By helping him paint. C. By handing in a painting.
2. What is the woman doing
A. Having a haircut. B. Giving directions. C. Asking the way.
3. What does Todd have to do alone
A. Pick up the clients. B. Give a presentation. C. Go on a business trip.
4. What does the man mean
A. He gave Jane a ride. B. He took a bus home yesterday. C. He didn’t see Jane on the way home.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Some songs. B. A car race. C. A video game.
第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many languages can the man speak fluently now
A. Two. B. Four. C. Six.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Waiter and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will Sally celebrate her birthday
A. This Friday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Friday.
9. Who will most likely help the woman
A. Helen. B. Sara. C. Carmen.
听第8段材料，回答第10—12题。
10. What is the book about
A. Traveling rules. B. Foreign languages. C. Tourist attractions.
11. Where is the man going after his business trip
A. To Saudi Arabia. B. To Italy. C. To France.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Give her some suggestions. B. Buy her a souvenir. C. Make a plan for her.
听第9段材料，回答第13—16题。
13. Why did Carla change the way she worked
A. She didn’t enjoy the work she did.
B. She spent little time at home.
C. She had health problems.
14. What is the reason that Carla runs her own business
A. To have a flexible schedule. B. To take more holidays. C. To earn more money.
15. What has Carla changed about exercise
A. The amount. B. The time. C. The form.
16. Which time-saving idea does Carla find efficient
A. Making to-do lists.
B. Spending little time choosing clothes.
C. Checking e-mails on the way to work.
听第10段材料，回答第17—20题。
17. Who might Mary Locke be
A. A news reporter. B. A plane designer. C. A fire ranger.
18. Where do the pilots pick up water
A. From a river. B. From a lake. C. From the Fire Center.
19. How does the speaker describe the pilot’s job
A. Extraordinary. B. Exciting. C. Dangerous.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. The crew has to drop water 20 times to put out the fire.
B. The plane’s tanks hold no more than 5,000 liters of water.
C. The fire rangers should keep the plane away from the fire.
第二部分：阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Beware of Phone /Online Scams
Have you been the victim of a phone/online scams If you ever think that there’s really no reason to worry, just remember the following statistics.
—315,000 cases broken in 2015-2017 in China.
—More than billions of money involved.
—Victims of 19 years old top the list in terms of age.
—Victims of 18-25 years old account for 52.4% of the whole.
—……
And here in below we are sharing 4 typical types of Phone/Online scams and how to deal with them.
Type 1 Hello, this is police station. You’re involved in a case of money laundering (洗钱) (or some other financial crime). We need your cooperation with the investigation…… Please transfer your money into the national security account. Tip 1: If you are really involved in financial crime, police will visit your home at the first opportunity and take you for investigation. Police are not so dumb as to inform you via telephone. And there is no such thing as national security account. Type 2 Hey! Wang (he may know your name). Drop by my office tomorrow morning. BTW, I will be treating some VIP clients soon. I need you to transfer some money into this account. It will refund your money tomorrow. Tip 2: Think about it. How could any boss in the world ask you for money Meeting VIP clients without a cent in his pocket And why doesn’t he ask you to give the money to him in person He is nobody but a scam!
Type 3 You’ve got a package which contains illegal drugs or goods. You are now requested to call this number to contact the Public Security Bureau. (Then it all follows scenario. Tip 3: Public Security Bureau WILL NOT deal with cases via phone calls. NEITHER WILL they send out notification via message. Type 4 (In some cases the number is disguised as authentic bank number through software). We are sorry to inform you that you have a bank overdraft. Please contact this customer service representative. His number is XX XXX XXX XX. Tip 4: DO NOT panic. REMEMBER to dial the official contact number of the bank to double check.
1. What’s the main purpose of mentioning the statistics at the beginning
A. To remind the public of the figures. B. To highlight the accuracy of the figures.
C. To show the gravity of the phenomenon. D. To prove the existence of the phenomenon.
2. Which types of Phone/Online scams require people to transfer money directly
A. Type 1 and Type 2 B. Type 3 and Type 4
C. Type 1 and Type 3 D. Type 2 and Type 4
3. Where can you probably find the article
A. On a security leaflet. B. On a travel brochure.
C. In a poster from a bank. D. In an email for students.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于电话或网络诈骗的宣传传单，介绍了四种类型的诈骗类型。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you been the victim of a phone/online scams If you ever think that there’s really no reason to worry, just remember the following statistics.(你曾经是电话/网络诈骗受害者吗？如果你认为真的没有理由担心，请记住下面的统计数据)”结合下文的数据，可推知，开头提到统计数据的主要目的是为了显示诈骗现象的严重性。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Type 1部分中“Please transfer your money into the national security account.(请把钱转到国家安全账户)”以及Type 2部分中“I need you to transfer some money into this account.(我需要你转一些钱到这个账户)”可知，类型1和类型2需要人们直接转账。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you been the victim of a phone/online scams If you ever think that there’s really no reason to worry, just remember the following statistics.(你曾经是电话/网络诈骗的受害者吗？如果你认为真的没有理由担心，请记住下面的统计数据)”结合文章是一则关于电话或网络诈骗的宣传传单，介绍了四种类型的诈骗类型。可推知，在安全传单上可以找到这篇文章。故选A。
B
In the early 19th century, Egypt connected two vast regions: the Ottoman Empire (奥斯曼帝国) and the African continent. For centuries, the Ottoman Empire had been at the center of Eurasian trade. It had also been a major center of manufacturing which produced handmade goods for Europe and Africa.
However, the industrialization of Europe meant that cheaper goods made by machines soon flooded into the Ottoman Empire. The result of this competition was that Africa was increasingly seen as a place that provided new materials for European factories, rather than one that had factories of its own.
Egypt was an African country that was technically part of the Ottoman Empire. It was first invaded by the French army. With British help, the Ottoman forces drove the French out of Egypt. Following this, Muhammad Ali successfully brought about Egyptian independence from the Ottoman Empire. By 1831, he was effectively an independent ruler of a more modern Egypt.
Egypt was already a small-scale producer of cotton, which was sold to Britain. Ali encouraged even more cotton production nationwide. With the money from this cotton production, Ali’s government began to aid factories so that the country could profit from its own industrialization. By the late 1840s, it looked like Egypt would eventually become an industrial power.
During the following years, Egypt’s economy stagnated and slowly slid into decline. The factories ceased production, and by the 1880s, it had to seek help from Britain financially. Though Egypt remained formally independent, it seemed to be more like a British colony.
Europeans kept interfering in Egypt partly because of the Suez Canal. Egypt’s new leaders were already stressful because of the industrial collapse that left their country unable to repay the money borrowed from Britain. Finally, in 1875, the king sold his share in the Suez Canal Company to the British, giving them control of this important national resource. The powerful British took advantage of this instability and seized the country.
4. For Africa, what was the result of the industrialization of Europe
A. The new factories began to spring up in Africa.
B. The prices of the goods became higher in Africa.
C. Africa was reduced to material suppliers gradually.
D. Handmade goods became popular in Europe and Africa.
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stagnated” in Para 5
A. recovered B. bounced C. ruined D. stopped
6. Which is the right order as for the events in history
① French invaded Egypt. ② The Ottoman Empire ruled Egypt.
③ Britain seized Egypt. ④ Egypt gained independence.
A. ①③②④ B. ①②④③ C. ②①③④ D. ②①④③
7. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe the 19th-century Egypt
A. The Suez Canal was the main contributing cause of all disputes.
B. Egypt enjoyed booming development and underwent social unrest.
C. Egyptians were so brave as not to obey the rulers of other countries.
D. Egypt lived up to the status—one of the Great Ancient Civilizations.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了埃及的社会经济发展历史。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The result of this competition was that Africa was increasingly seen as a place that provided new materials for European factories, rather than one that had factories of its own.(这种竞争的结果是，非洲越来越被视为一个为欧洲工厂提供新材料的地方，而不是一个拥有自己工厂的地方)”可知，对非洲来说，欧洲工业化的结果是非洲逐渐沦为物资供应地。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“and slowly slid into decline(缓慢下滑)”以及“The factories ceased production, and by the 1880s, it had to seek help from Britain financially.(工厂停止生产，到了19世纪80年代，它不得不向英国寻求财政援助)”可知，在接下来的几年里，埃及的经济停滞不前，慢慢陷入衰退，最后不得不向英国寻求财政援助。故画线词意思是“停止”。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Egypt was an African country that was technically part of the Ottoman Empire. It was first invaded by the French army. With British help, the Ottoman forces drove the French out of Egypt. Following this, Muhammad Ali successfully brought about Egyptian independence from the Ottoman Empire. By 1831, he was effectively an independent ruler of a more modern Egypt.(埃及是一个非洲国家，严格来说是奥斯曼帝国的一部分。它首先被法国军队入侵。在英国的帮助下，奥斯曼军队将法国人赶出了埃及。在此之后，穆罕默德·阿里成功地使埃及从奥斯曼帝国独立。到1831年，他实际上已经是一个更加现代化的埃及的独立统治者)”,和倒数第一段的“Finally, in 1875, the king sold his share in the Suez Canal Company to the British, giving them control of this important national resource. The powerful British took advantage of this instability and seized the country.(最后，在1875年，国王把他在苏伊士运河公司的股份卖给了英国人，让他们控制了这一重要的国家资源。强大的英国人利用了这种不稳定，占领了这个国家。)”可知，正确顺序是②①④③。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“By the late 1840s, it looked like Egypt would eventually become an industrial power.(到19世纪40年代末，埃及似乎最终将成为一个工业大国)”以及最后一段“Europeans kept interfering in Egypt partly because of the Suez Canal. Egypt’s new leaders were already stressful because of the industrial collapse that left their country unable to repay the money borrowed from Britain. Finally, in 1875, the king sold his share in the Suez Canal Company to the British, giving them control of this important national resource. The powerful British took advantage of this instability and seized the country.(欧洲人一直在干涉埃及事务，部分原因是苏伊士运河。埃及的新领导人已经压力重重，因为工业崩溃导致埃及无力偿还从英国借的钱。最后，在1875年，国王把他在苏伊士运河公司的股份卖给了英国人，让他们控制了这一重要的国家资源。强大的英国人利用了这种不稳定，占领了这个国家)”可推知，埃及繁荣发展，社会动荡。故选B。
C
How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply ‘not bad’, or ‘could be worse’. But what would make us feel ‘perfect’ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated—but how
Of course there are many ways of improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to helping improve our wellbeing. It’s something the TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. It suggested several ‘health hacks’ which the programme’s presenters tried and gave their ‘seal of approval’. And maybe they could help us too.
Firstly, to deal with putting on weight and to cut the calories, the programme found sniffing (嗅) peppermint (薄荷) stops our longing for a snack. Presenter, chef and writer Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall says “a scientific theory called ‘mutual competition’ shows that a strong smell can distract our brain from the food we’re thinking about.”
If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it’s suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. With recent studies showing our phones can make us 26% less productive and increase our stress, it seems like a no-brainer to try this ‘dim’ idea.
Fancy a swim in ice-cold water Well, the TV programme found a daily dip in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses. And another way to ‘chill out’ is to leave your smartphone at home, immerse yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air. Forest bathing is the perfect tonic for the stresses of urban life.
Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and walking around more to get away from our sedentary (久坐不动) lives. But whatever way we choose to adopt, it seems any change to our lifestyle can help improve our body and mind.
8. What’s the function of a series of questions in the first paragraph
A. To provide more background information. B. To provoke thinking and bring out the topic.
C. To expect readers can give specific answers. D. To attract readers to focus on physical health.
9. What’s the author’s attitude towards the TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well
A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Negative. D. Critical.
10. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A. The strong smell of peppermint is bound to cut the calories.
B. To remove life stresses, you must have a swim in freezing water.
C. Making the phone screen colorful makes us more focused and efficient.
D. An ice-water swim and forest bathing have the similar effect on stresses.
11. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To tell readers how to be perfect. B. To introduce a popular TV programme.
C. To offer some ways to belter well-being. D. To get rid of some bad habits in daily life.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以提高幸福感的方法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply ‘not bad’, or ‘could be worse’. But what would make us feel ‘perfect’ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated—but how (你今天感觉怎么样？通常当我们问别人这个问题时，他们的回答是“还行”，或者“可能更糟”。但是什么会让我们感觉“完美”呢？也许我们可以通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力来生活得更好——但怎么做呢？)”可推知，第一段一连串问题的作用是激发思考，引出话题。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Of course there are many ways of improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to helping improve our wellbeing. It’s something the TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. It suggested several ‘health hacks’ which the programme’s presenters tried and gave their ‘seal of approval’. And maybe they could help us too.(当然，有很多方法可以改善我们的心理健康，但有时也有一些小而简单的解决方案来帮助改善我们的幸福。这是电视节目《轻松生活之道》一直在研究的问题。它提出了几个“健康小妙招”，该节目的主持人尝试了一下，并得到了他们的“认可”。也许他们也能帮到我们)”可推知，作者认为电视节目《轻松生活之道》的健康小妙招可以帮助我们改善心理健康，因此推断作者持支持态度。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Fancy a swim in ice-cold water Well, the TV programme found a daily dip in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses. And another way to ‘chill out’ is to leave your smartphone at home, immerse yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air. Forest bathing is the perfect tonic for the stresses of urban life.(想在冰冷的水中游泳吗？这个电视节目发现，每天泡在冰冷的水中会让你习惯这样做的压力，从而为你应对其他生活压力做好准备。另一种“放松”的方法是把智能手机留在家里，让自己沉浸在森林里，呼吸新鲜空气。森林浴是缓解城市生活压力的最佳良药)”可推知，冰水游泳和森林浴都能够缓解压力，对解决压力问题有相似的效果。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply ‘not bad’, or ‘could be worse’. But what would make us feel ‘perfect’ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated—but how (你今天感觉怎么样？通常当我们问别人这个问题时，他们的回答是“还行”，或者“可能更糟”。但是什么会让我们感觉“完美”呢？也许我们可以通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力来生活得更好——但怎么做呢？)”以及第二段“Of course there are many ways of improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to helping improve our wellbeing.(当然，有很多方法可以改善我们的心理健康，但有时也有一些小而简单的解决方案来帮助改善我们的幸福)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是提供一些提高幸福感的方法。故选C。
D
There is increasing alarm about the extent of microplastic pollution, which has been found everywhere from Everest to the Arctic. However, it turns out there’s an even smaller and more toxic form of plastic pollution entering remote reaches of the globe. A new study published in Environmental Research found significant quantities of nanoplastics in ice samples from both the North and South Poles.
“Now we know that nanoplastics are transported to these corners of the Earth in these quantities. This indicates that nanoplastics are really a bigger pollution problem than we thought,” study lead author Dusan Materic said in a press release.
Nanoplastics are plastics that are smaller than a micrometer in size. Their small size means they are more difficult to study than microplastics, or plastics between five millimeters and a micrometer. But they may be even more dangerous.
“Nanoplastics are very toxicologically (毒理学地) active compared to, for instance, microplastics, and that’s why this is very important,” Materic said.
Materic and his team used new methods to measure nanoplastic pollution in ice samples from Greenland and Antarctica. They sampled a 14-meter-deep ice core from the Greenland ice cap and sea ice from Antarctica’s McMurdo Sound. They found that there were an average of 13.2 nanograms per milliliter of nanoplastics in the Greenland ice and an average of 52.3 nanograms per milliliter in the Antarctic ice.
But what was even more surprising than the amount of nanoplastics in the remote ice was just how long they had sat there. “In the Greenland core, we see nanoplastic pollution happening all the way from the 1960s. So organisms in that region, despite the lack of the solid evidence, likely all over the world, have been exposed to it for quite some time now,” Materic said.
The study also looked at the types of plastic present in the samples. Half of the Greenland nanoplastics were polyethylene (PE), the kind of plastic used for plastic bags and packaging. A quarter came from tires and a fifth were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used for clothing and bottles.
12. Why should researchers focus more on nanoplastics
A. They are more important to science. B. They are smaller but more dangerous.
C. They are easily polluted by ocean water. D. They are more active in cold surroundings.
13. What can we learn about nanoplastics
A. The North and South poles are the birthplace of nanoplastics.
B. Kanoplastics have less influence on the planet than microplastics.
C. Nanoplastics found in the samples are widely used in the daily life.
D. Nanoplastics have been existing since the 1960s throughout the world.
14. What does the underlined word ‘that region’ refer to in Para 6
A. Greenland ice cap. B. Antarctica’s McMurdo.
C. The south and north poles. D. All places in the world.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Mircoplastics—proving more dangerous. B. Nanoplastics—making its way to the poles.
C. Nanoplastics—posing a threat to people’s life. D. Mircoplastics—setting the alarm bells ringing.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《环境研究》杂志上的一项新研究发现，北极和南极的冰样本中都含有大量的纳米塑料。文章还介绍了什么是纳米塑料以及这项研究的开展过程。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Nanoplastics are plastics that are smaller than a micrometer in size. Their small size means they are more difficult to study than microplastics, or plastics between five millimeters and a micrometer. But they may be even more dangerous.(纳米塑料是尺寸小于1微米的塑料。它们的小尺寸意味着它们比微塑料（5毫米到1微米之间的塑料）更难研究。但它们可能更加危险)”可知，研究人员应该更多地关注纳米塑料因为它们更小，但更危险。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study also looked at the types of plastic present in the samples. Half of the Greenland nanoplastics were polyethylene (PE), the kind of plastic used for plastic bags and packaging. A quarter came from tires and a fifth were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used for clothing and bottles.(该研究还研究了样本中存在的塑料类型。格陵兰岛一半的纳米塑料是聚乙烯(PE)，一种用于塑料袋和包装的塑料。四分之一来自轮胎，五分之一是用于服装和瓶子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET))”可知，样品中发现的纳米塑料在日常生活中被广泛使用。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“In the Greenland core, we see nanoplastic pollution happening all the way from the 1960s.(在格陵兰岛核心，我们看到纳米塑料污染从20世纪60年代开始一直在发生)”以及画线词后文“despite the lack of the solid evidence, likely all over the world, have been exposed to it for quite some time now(尽管缺乏确凿的证据，但可能全世界都已经接触到它很长一段时间了)”可知，在格陵兰岛核心，我们看到纳米塑料污染从20世纪60年代开始一直在发生。因此，尽管缺乏确凿的证据，但格陵兰冰盖的生物，可能世界各地的生物，已经暴露在这种环境中很长一段时间了。故画线词指的是“格陵兰冰盖”。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A new study published in Environmental Research found significant quantities of nanoplastics in ice samples from both the North and South Poles.(发表在《环境研究》杂志上的一项新研究发现，北极和南极的冰样本中都含有大量的纳米塑料)”并结合文章可知，文章通过讲述一项研究，主要讲述北极和南极的冰样本中都含有大量的纳米塑料，纳米塑料污染已经非常严重。B选项“纳米塑料正在走向两极”最符合文章标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading corner, ignoring the world around you, lost in a tale. You read the brief introduction to a book, instantly become glued and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate — physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks. ___16___
Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception. ___17___
But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes — physical books and e-books. They can help to retain information better. ___18___ Besides, with physical books and e-books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders at some point or other.
On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film — in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greater sense of empathy as you hear the emotion of the narrator. ___19___ Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, heightening the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more.
___20___ Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience.
A. You can more easily understand inflection (转调) and tone.
B. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are benefits definitely.
C. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book
D. All in all it seems that there are advantages to the three types mentioned above.
E. Like e-books, physical books seem emotionless but make you free of distraction.
F. In sum, there is no limit, which is decided by how much a person reads the rest of life.
G. This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章阐述了实体书、电子书、和有声书三种不同阅读方式的益处。
【16题详解】
上文“But, there’s a hot debate — physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks.(但是，有一场激烈的辩论——实体书VS电子书VS有声书。)”说明在关于实体书、电子书和有声书之间人们有不同的观点；C选项“Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book (你用来阅读的设备会影响你对这本书的反应吗？)”就上文所提到的“there’s a hot debate”提出了相关的问题，下文作者就三种读书方式对阅读者的影响分别进行了详细的阐述，回答了C选项的问题；选项中的“the device you’re using to read”指代上文中的“physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks”，由此可知，C选项符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
上文“Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception. (众所周知，阅读可以增强交际能力、词汇量，提高情商和社会感知力。)”阐述了阅读的好处；结合本段第一句“Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain.(一般来说，阅读会用到大脑的几个区域。)”可知阅读会锻炼到大脑的各个区域，由此可知，B选项“So, whichever way you’re reading, there are benefits definitely.(所以，无论你以哪种方式阅读，都肯定有好处。)”承接上文，对本段所阐述的内容进行总结，说明不论哪种阅读方式都是有益的，回答了第一段所提出的问题，符合语境；选项中的“whichever way you’re reading”指代第一段中的“physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks”，“benefits”指代上文中的“strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception”。故选B。
【18题详解】
上文“They can help to retain information better. (它们可以帮助更好地保留信息。)”阐述了阅读实体书和电子书的好处；G选项“This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely.(这是因为当你能真正看到这些文字时，你的注意力就会被牢牢抓住。)”承接上文，解释为什么实体书和电子书能够更好地保留信息，选项中的“This”指代上文的“They can help to retain information better.”，选项中的“see”与本段第一句中的“reading with your eyes”表述内容一致；下文“Besides, with physical books and e-books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders at some point or other.(此外，对于实体书，你可以回过头来寻找你错过的任何部分，尤其是当你的思绪时不时发生游离时。)”进一步阐述了实体书和电子书有助于更好地保留信息的原因。由此可知，G选项符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greater sense of empathy as you hear the emotion of the narrator.(从科学的角度来看，听有声书可能会帮助你发展出更大的同理心，因为你听到了叙述者的情感。)”阐述了听有声读物的好处；A选项“You can more easily understand inflection (转调) and tone.”承接上文，阐述听有声书可以产生同理心的原因，选项中的“inflection (转调) and tone”指代上文中听书者可以感知“the emotion of the narrator”和“develop a greater sense of empathy”的途径。故选A。
20题详解】
根据第一段中的“But, there’s a hot debate — physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks.(但是，在实体书、电子书和有声书之间有一个激烈的争论。)”以及下文对三种阅读方式的对比，可知文章主要阐述了三种阅读方式各自的好处；D选项“All in all, it seems that there are advantages to the three types mentioned above.(总而言之，上面提到的三种类型似乎都有优点。)”作者就上文观点进行了总结，回答了第一段所提出的问题，“advantages”指代上文所阐述的益处，选项中的“the three types”呼应第一段中的“physical books VS. e-books VS. audiobooks.”；下文“Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience.(也许，下次你发现自己在浏览书店的书架时，也要考虑一下格式。它可能会改变你的整个文字体验。)”承接上文，建议下次可以改变一下阅读方式，因为不同的阅读方式带来不同的阅读体验。故选D。
第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ken Hale was born in 1934 and grew up in the rugged American Southwest. As a boy, he kept his ears ___21___ for as many foreign languages as he could. He ___22___ Spanish, Navajo, Tohono O’odham, Hopi and more from his friends and roommates at boarding school. His obsession with learning languages once astonished all acquaintances around him. Even he got in trouble at school for ___23___ more on languages than homework.
Later on, he gained fame and ___24___ for publishing a truly surprising amount of research on many Australian aboriginal languages. Once there happened an impressive thing—he was so ___25___ by one, Warlpiri, that he raised his two sons speaking it.
Ken was always extremely ___26___ to the needs and wants of the local language communities. He established schools of linguistics and language revitalization programs across the world so that native speakers could ___27___ their languages.
All his life, even during his teaching as a professor of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he had a(n) ___28___ ability to learn languages quickly and ___29___.
You might want to take some lessons away from Ken’s methods. Ken started out his way: ___30___ a devoted native speaker tutor who can ___31___ you on pronunciation first and review whatever notes you’re taking; learn the ___32___ system first, because you’ll want to hear every detail of what your tutor says—plus, that way, you can take more accurate notes.
Then he’d ___33___ quickly on to sentence patterns. If you learn how to say “I am walking to the river”, it’s probably not far off from “I am running to the river” or “I am walking to the forest”. Besides, it takes a lot of patience to ___34___ your guesses with a tutor, and actually patience was a ___35___ of Ken. To him, speaking to somebody in their own language was a mark of respect. If only we could all be so respectful!
21. A. cautious B. open C. conscious D. shallow
22. A. picked up B. picked out C. gave up D. gave out
23. A. agreeing B. trying C. resting D. focusing
24. A. money B. time C. respect D. chance
25. A. confident B. fascinated C. gifted D. positive
26. A. blind B. keen C. accustomed D. sensitive
27. A. speak B. exchange C. revive D. lecture
28. A. original B. amazing C. primitive D. elegant
29 A. permanently B. definitely C. roughly D. accurately
30. A. Seek out B. Watch out C. Hear from D. Follow up
31. A. coach B. urge C. consult D. refresh
32. A. education B. writing C. sound D. reading
33. A. talk B. move C. walk D. step
34. A. challenge B. fulfill C. communicate D. check
35. A. virtue B. core C. guarantee D. calling
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Ken凭借惊人的语言学习能力学会了多种语言；他在世界各地建立了语言学学校和语言振兴项目，以便母语使用者可以复兴他们的语言；他还向人们传授学习语言的方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他就尽可能多地倾听外语。A. cautious谨慎的；B. open打开的；C. conscious有意识的；D. shallow浅的。根据空格前的kept his ears和空格后的languages可知，此处是考查固定短语keep one’s open（留心听）。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他从寄宿学校的朋友和室友那里学会了西班牙语、纳瓦霍语、Tohono O 'odham、霍皮语等。A. picked up学会；B. picked out挑选出；C. gave up放弃；D. gave out发出。根据上一句“As a boy, he kept his ears 1 for as many foreign languages as he could.”和空格后的这些语言可知，此处是说他并学会了这些语言。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就连他在学校也遇到了麻烦也是因为他更关注语言而不是家庭作业。A. agreeing同意；B. trying尝试；C. resting休息；D. focusing关注。根据句中的“got in trouble”和介词on可知，此处应该用focus表示“他更关注语言而不是家庭作业而遇到麻烦”。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他发表了大量关于许多澳大利亚土著语言的研究，从而获得了声誉和尊重。A. money金钱；B. time时间；C. respect尊重；D. chance机会。根据空格后的“for publishing a truly surprising amount of research on many Australian aboriginal languages”和空格前的fame可知，他发表大量关于许多澳大利亚土著语言的研究，能获得的肯定是声誉和尊重，fame和respect是对应的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，发生了一件令人印象深刻的事情——他对一种叫Warlpiri的语言非常着迷，以至于他的两个儿子都说这种语言。A. confident自信的；B. fascinated着迷的；C. gifted有天赋的；D. positive积极的。根据下文的“he raised his two sons speaking it”可知，他对这种语言一定非常着迷，才会让他的两个儿子都说这种语言。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ken总是对当地语言社区的需求非常敏感。 A. blind视而不见的；B. keen敏锐的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下一句“He established schools of linguistics and language revitalization programs across the world so that native speakers could 7 their languages.”可知，他在世界各地建立了语言学学校和语言振兴项目，说明他对当地社区的需求很敏感。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在世界各地建立了语言学学校和语言振兴项目，以便母语使用者可以复兴他们的语言。A. speak说话；B. exchange交换；C. revive复活；D. lecture 开讲座。根据上文的“schools of linguistics and language revitalization programs ”可知，他建立语言学学校和语言振兴项目的目的是让母语使用者复兴他们的语言。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的一生中，甚至在他作为麻省理工学院(MIT)教授教书期间，他都有一种惊人的能力，能够快速准确地学习语言。A. original原来的；B. amazing惊人的；C. primitive原始的；D. elegant优雅的。根据下文的“learn language quickly”可知，他有惊人的语言学习能力。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他的一生中，甚至在他作为麻省理工学院(MIT)教授教书期间，他都有一种惊人的能力，能够快速准确地学习语言。A. permanently永久性地；B. definitely肯定地；C. roughly粗略地；D. accurately准确地。根据上文的“learn languages quickly”可知，此处应该用accurately作状语修饰动词learn，quickly和accurately是对应的。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：找一个专门的母语辅导老师，他可以先指导你的发音，并复习你所做的笔记。A. Seek out寻找；B. Watch out小心；C. Hear from收到……的信；D. Follow up追踪。根据句意和下文的“a devoted native speaker tutor”可知，此处指的是找一位辅导老师。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：找一个专门的母语辅导老师，他可以先指导你的发音，并复习你所做的笔记。A. coach辅导；B. urge催促；C. consult咨询；D. refresh刷新。根据上文的“a devoted native speaker tutor”可知，辅导老师肯定是指导你的发音。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先学习声音系统，因为你会想要听到导师所说的每一个细节，而且，这样你可以做更准确的笔记。A. education教育；B. writing书写；C. sound声音；D. reading阅读。根据下文的“because you’ll want to hear every detail of what your tutor says”可知，先学习声音系统，才能听懂导师所说的每一个细节。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他很快就继续学习句型。A. talk谈话；B. move移动；C. walk步行；D. step迈步。根据句意和空格后的on to可知，此处是考查固定短语move on to，意义为“开始做（别的事）”。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，和导师一起核实你的猜测需要很大的耐心，而耐心实际上是肯的美德。A. challenge挑战；B. fulfill完成；C. communicate交流；D. check核实。根据后面的“your guesses”可知，此处应该用check，指的是和导师核实你想的是否正确。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，和导师一起核实你的猜测需要很大的耐心，而耐心实际上是肯的美德。A. virtue美德；B. core核心；C. guarantee担保；D. calling呼叫。根据上文的“it takes a lot of patience”可知，和导师一起核实你的猜测需要很大的耐心，能拥有这种耐心肯定是一种美德。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why true happiness isn’t about being happy all the time
Over the past two decades, the positive psychology movement ___36___ (brighten) up psychological research with its science of happiness, human potential and flourishing. It argues that psychologists should investigate not only mental illness but also ___37___ makes life worth living.
The founding father of positive psychology, Martin Seligman, describes happiness as experiencing frequent positive emotions, such as joy, excitement and satisfaction, ___38___ (combine) with deeper feelings of meaning and purpose. It implies a positive attitude in the present and an optimistic outlook for the future. Importantly, happiness experts have argued that happiness is not a stable, ___39___ (change) feature but something flexible ___40___ we can work on and ultimately strive towards.
Recent research indicates that psychological ___41___ (flexible) is the key to greater happiness and well-being. For example, ___42___ (be) open to emotional experiences and the ability to tolerate periods of discomfort can allow us to move towards a richer, more meaningful existence. Studies have also demonstrated that the way we respond to the circumstances of our lives has ___43___ (influence) on our happiness than the events ___44___ (they). Experiencing stress, sadness and anxiety in the short term doesn’t mean we can’t be happy in the long term. Often when people have faced difficulty, illness or loss, they describe their lives as happier and more meaningful as a result.
_____45_____ feeling happy, which is a temporary state, leading a happier life is about individual growth by finding meaning through the whole life. It is about accepting our humanity with all its ups and downs, enjoying the positive emotions, and making use of painful feelings in order to reach our full potential.
【答案】36. has brightened
37. what bined
39. unchangeable##unchanging
40. that 41. flexibility
42. being 43. more influences## more influence
44. themselves
45. Unlike
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了什么是积极心理学。幸福专家认为幸福是灵活的，我们可以为此努力，个人成长和接受人性是幸福生活的关键。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的二十年中，积极心理学运动以其对幸福和人类潜力的科学研究为心理学研究带来了光明。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语部分，根据时间状语“Over the past two decades”需用现在完成时， 主语是movement，应使用第三人称单数形式。故填has brightened。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：它认为，心理学家不仅应该研究精神疾病，还应该研究什么让生活变得有价值。分析句子结构可知，此处是not only…but also…的并列部分做动词investigate的宾语，此处是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“事物”。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：积极心理学的创始人 Martin Seligman将幸福描述为经历频繁的积极情绪，如喜悦、兴奋和满足，以及更深层次的意义和目的感。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语形式，combine与positive emotions之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词表被动，故填combined。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：重要的是，幸福专家认为幸福不是一种稳定的，不变的特性，但我们可以努力并最终努力实现的灵活特性。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词feature，表示“不变的”，故填unchangeable/unchanging。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句引导词，先行词是something，定语从句缺少宾语，故填that。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近的研究表明，心理灵活性是获得更大幸福感的关键。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子主语部分应使用名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数。故填flexibility。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，对情感体验持开放态度，能够忍受一段时间的不适，可以让我们走向更丰富、更有意义的生活事件本身。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子主语部分，应使用动名词形式。故填being。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级以及名词单复数。句意：研究还表明，与事件本身相比，我们对生活环境的反应方式对我们的幸福感影响更多(或者更大)。根据后文“than the events ___9___ (they)”可知此处表示“更大影响”应使用比较级，此处构成固定短语have an influence on 或者have influence on，因为此短语中influence表示多种不同的影响的话，为可数，应使用more influences更多影响；若强调起影响的话，为不可数，应使用more influence更大影响。故填more influences/more influence。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意同上题。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“事件本身”，需用反身代词。故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：与感觉幸福——一种暂时的状态——不同，过一种更幸福的生活是通过寻找意义来实现个人成长。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“暂时的幸福”和“更幸福的生活”的比较，这两种幸福是不同的， 需用介词unlike,位于句首首字母大写。故填Unlike。
第四部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 为了给高三学生减压，你校开展了快乐课间活动。请你给校广播站“英语之声”栏目写一篇广播稿，报道这个活动，内容包括：
1. 活动背景和意义；
2. 活动细节；
3. 效果和感受。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Happy Class Break
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Happy Class Break
Students in Senior Three are faced with great pressure with the approach of the National College Entrance Examination. So our school organized all students of this grade to participate in fun recess activities to release their pressure.
A wide variety of interesting games were scheduled for every break. Every corner of the campus was used for students to play games. The most impressive ones were the relay, tug of war and rope skipping.
All the students involved were immersed in them, admitting that they felt refreshed and relaxed. They hope such activities can continue in the following days.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于广播稿，要求考生给校广播站“英语之声”栏目写一篇广播稿，报道学校开展的快乐课间活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
有趣的：fun→interesting
参加：participate in→take part in
多种多样：a wide variety of→varieties of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Students in Senior Three are faced with great pressure with the approach of the National College Entrance Examination.
拓展句：Students in Senior Three are faced with great pressure because the National College Entrance Examination is approaching.
【点睛】[高分句型1] All the students involved were immersed in them, admitting that they felt refreshed and relaxed. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] They hope such activities can continue in the following days. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing, especially when you’re 13 years old. I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face, a smile, anything. I was quite disappointed, to say the least. And I, in turn, felt somewhat foolish, walking across campus with a false smile on my face. I was simply attempting to follow the advice my mother had given me years before: when things get awkward, smile. No matter where you are, a smile will always be understood. A smile is universal. At that very moment, however, I felt my mother’s advice didn’t work.
On top of it all, my mind was racing with questions and concerns typical of any 13-year-old on the first day of school: where would I sit at lunch Who would I talk to Not to mention, how would I make friends when I didn’t even speak the language My heartbeat quickened, and I felt nervous. Still, I did my best to maintain calm so as not to let my guard down and reveal to others just how scared I truly was.
When the teacher introduced me to the class as the “American girl”, 10 sets of hands immediately shot up. Some students had questions, others wanted to practice their English with me. Because I didn’t speak much Chinese yet, I communicated with the other students through hand motions mixed in with broken English and Chinese. Despite the attention, I wasn’t sure how much of it was positive. It was almost as if they weren’t sure what to make of me and I was being examined. Then again, who could blame them After all, I was the first American ever to attend the school. So essentially, we were all first timers.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then came the first class — Chinese painting.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I burnt with great embarrassment, Li Hua, who was next to me, gave me a warm smile.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Then came the first class — Chinese painting. The teacher showed us how to use a brush to paint bamboo on a piece of white paper. Then all the other students were in business. But it was quite difficult for me. How could I hold the stiff brush and made it go as I wished Hesitating for a while, I tried dipping the brush into the ink bottle. When I took it out, drops of black ink fell on the white paper. There was no bamboo, but big black dots!
As I burnt with great embarrassment, Li Hua, who was next to me, gave me a warm smile. I smiled back awkwardly. She came over and demonstrated how to use the brush. The brush moved across the paper, and a lively bamboo appeared! With her help, I finally completed the task, although it was such a ugly one. After that, we became good friends. She taught me Chinese while I taught her English. We both made great progress in our studies. Yes, my mother was right. A smile did make a difference.
【解析】
【分析】本文以新环境为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一个美国人第一次来到新的国家上学以及和同学交往的经历。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后是第一课——国画。”可知，第一段可描写作者学习中国画的过程，以及遇到的困难。
②由第二段首句内容“当我非常尴尬，脸发烫，在我旁边的李华，给我一个温暖的微笑。”可知，第二段可描写同学李华热情地帮助作者。
2.续写线索：学习国画——困难——失败——帮助——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①学习：study/learn
②失败：come to nothing/fail/be defeated
③帮助：help/lend a hand/ do sb a favour
情绪类
①困难：difficult/hard/in trouble
②感激：showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hesitating for a while, I tried dipping the brush into the ink bottle.(现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. With her help, I finally completed the task, although it was such a ugly one.(although引导的让步状语从句)
听力答案：1—5 ACBCC 6—10 BCBAA 11—15 CABAB 16—20 BCBCA
