2022～2023学年第一学期期末测试
高三英语
(考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并回交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What was the original price of the coat
A. $200. B. $280. C. $360.
2. What sport are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Diving. B. Fishing. C. Surfing.
3. What does the woman want to do
A. Open an account. B. Save her money. C. Call the repairer.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.
5. Where might this conversation take place
A. In an airport. B. In a beauty shop. C. In a police station.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman want to do a triathlon
A. She is good at it.
B. She was influenced by her sister.
C. She wants to challenge herself.
7. What is the man’s favorite exercise
A. Swimming. B. Cycling. C. Running.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What was the man doing just now
A. Having a party. B. Buying a gift. C. Attending a meeting.
9. When will Su leave for London
A. This Tuesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Tuesday.
10. How does the woman sound at the end of the conversation
A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How often do the speakers probably make a video
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Twice a month.
12. What does the man think of the usual solution
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s expensive. C. It’s effective.
13. Why do the speakers make videos
A. To earn money. B. To get attention. C. To share knowledge.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman probably do
A. She’s an actress. B. She’s a traveler. C. She’s a reporter.
15. In which part of Sri Lanka is the city of Kandy
A. In the middle of it. B. In the east of it. C. In the north of it.
16. What is the man’s immediate plan
A. To write some blogs. B. To sign a contract. C. To arrange another trip.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker say about Catherine
A. She is strict about the choice of words.
B. She is good at writing books for the young.
C. She is excellent in many kinds of writing.
18. What is a feature of Catherine’s writing
A. Simple context. B. Surprising endings. C. Attractive expression.
19. Where did Catherine get her English degree
A. In New York. B. In Washington. C. In Los Angeles.
20. What will the speaker probably talk about next
A. The awards Catherine has won.
B. The magazines Catherine has created.
C. The schools Catherine has established.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fort Smith National Historic Site
At the Fort Smith National Historic Site you can walk where the Mexican-American War and the Civil War soldiers drilled, pause along the Trail of Tears, and stand where justice was served to some of the most horrible outlaws (歹徒) of the Wild West. The park includes:
Trail of Tears Overlook
Walk along the great Arkansas River and enjoy exhibit panels that tell the story of the Five Civilized Tribes that were forcibly remove to Indian Territory. The walking path begins from the parking lot and follows along the Arkansas River to Belle Point.
Belle Point (Site of First Fort Smith)
Established in 1817 at an area overlooking the meeting point of the Arkansas River and the Poteau River, it had been named Belle Point, French for “beautiful place,” by 18th-century French fur trappers. Visitors will enjoy a scenic view of the two rivers and are able to walk the foundation remains of the First Fort Smith.
Commissary (杂货店) (Site of Second Fort Smith)
The oldest building still standing in Fort Smith is the Commissary, the site of the Second Fort Smith. During the Federal Court period, Judge Parker’s private office was located upstairs. Today, you can visit the Commissary as it looked in the 1850s when it supplied the army with food items. You can also see the reconstruction of the Fort Smith Gallows where a surprisingly large number of outlaws met their fate at the end of a rope.
Visitor Center
The Visitor Center is located in the historic barracks (兵营) / courthouse / jail (监狱) building. The barracks was built in 1851 and was changed into a courthouse and jail in 1872. In 1888 a new jail building was built next to it. Here visitors can see Judge Parker’s restored courtroom, the “Hell on the Border” jail, as well as exhibits and videos on the operation of the Federal Court and its impact on Indian Territory.
Price: $10 (Adults 16+), FREE (Ages 0-15), $35 Annual Pass
1. Where can visitors learn about the history of the forced removals
A. At the site of the Second Fort Smith.
B. On the way to Belle Point from the car park.
C. In the historic barracks / courthouse / jail building.
D. At the meeting point of the Arkansas and Poteau rivers.
2. What can visitors do at the Visitor Center
A. Tour the oldest grocery store in Fort Smith.
B. See the restored Fort Smith Gallows.
C. Explore Judge Parker’s bedroom.
D. Visit the courtroom and the jail.
3 How much should a couple pay if they tour the park with no Annual Passes
A. $10. B. $20. C. $35. D. $70.
B
Lucy Houk remembers the day four years ago when her fourth-grade classmates chose instruments to play in the school orchestra(管弦乐队). “Everyone else was picking instruments and having fun and I couldn’t pick one because I couldn’t really play any of them,” she said. She longed to play the cello(大提琴), but the cello requires two hands-one to hold the bow, the other to work the four strings.
Lucy daughter of Lara Houk and Zak Houk, has one arm-her left-and only a partial right arm. She was born prematurely at 24 weeks with lots of problems. Lucy’s night arm is missing just below the elbow, but “Whatever she wants to do, we find a way to do it.” Lara said.
Lucy, an easy going eighth-grader at Highland Middle School in the Blackhawk School District, said, “I can tie my shoes. I can jump rope. But what I really wanted was to play the cello, but no one could think of anything to help me play it back then.”
Last winter, Eric Baker noticed Lucy. Baker, who joined the district two years ago, is the orchestra director for fourth through 12th grades. He collaborated(协作) with Dale Moll, a technology and engineering teacher at the high school, to find a way to make an adaptive bow holder that could be attached to Lucy’s elbow. While a student at Duquesne University, Baker took a class and attended a seminar on adaptive instruments for students with special needs, but never thought he’d have to apply what he learned-until he met Lucy.
“I hope more people don’t think because of their physical limitation that they can’t do something. There are so many ways to work around this kind of thing, especially with all the technology we have around these days,” Baker said.
The Highland teachers “went above and beyond their normal, average, everyday teaching job to do something special for Lucy and gave her an opportunity like every other kid,” Lara said.
Today, playing the cello with her classmates, Lucy feels like every other kid.
4. What upset Lucy when she was in fourth grade
A. Having medical treatment with her elbow.
B. Being unable to play musical instruments.
C. Joining the school orchestra.
D. Being rejected by her classmates.
5. What are Lucy’s parents like
A. They are confident of Lucy’s recovery.
B. They are proud of Lucy’s achievements.
C. They are anxious about Lucy’s future.
D. They are supportive of Lucy’s wishes.
6. What was beyond Baker’s expectations
A. Becoming the orchestra director at Highland Middle School.
B. Meeting a student with physical disabilities.
C. Putting what he’s lamed in a seminar into practice.
D. Working with the technology and engineering teacher.
7. What did Lara think of the Highland teachers
A. They went the extra mile at work.
B. They were skilled in teaching music.
C. They were devoted and gave Lucy lots of opportunities.
D. They would give enough attention to kids with special needs.
C
Stereotypes (刻板印象) are widely held but very general, simplified opinions about other people. Many of us start to use stereotypes at school — the cool kids or the hot kids — we know all the different ones by heart.
Looks, clothes, personal traits (特征) and interests are all aspects which, on the surface of it, make us different from our contemporaries. Students pounce on these in order to categorise others. “When you’re a social animal, you need to understand who is a member of your pack, and who is a member of a different pack,” says psychology professor, John Dovidio.
A girl dressed all in black may seem a bit depressed. But perhaps, deep down inside, she just likes black and is actually cheerful. She has the same interests as you — (the “cool kid”) — but she just dresses differently. The problem of typecasting is that it involves using labels which are merely shells (外表) containing assumptions. It makes one wonder why people see only a narrow view of a complicated human being.
According to Dovidio, even if we think we don’t stereotype others, we do. “We categorise immediately and without thinking,” says Dovidio. “And we stereotype others not just on their appearance, how they dress or act, but — wrongly — on their race and sex too.”
Student stereotypes may have special meanings, as teens are in the process of forming their own identity and figuring out who they feel most comfortable with. To some extent, stereotyping offers a sense of order, direction and connection to the close friends they make over time. But it’s too simple to make assumptions that “they” — teenagers in other groups — are alike or different from “us”. It’s easy to throw a group of people into a bucket (水桶) and judge them as a whole; it’s much more difficult to look at each person as an individual. On the other hand, Jim, another high school student, says “by labelling people we’re actually highlighting similarities not differences. If we didn’t stereotype, it would make many things today impossible. Think of marketing studies focused on specific audiences, or clubs for people with similar interests or hobbies.”
8. Which can best replace the underlined part “pounce on” in paragraph two
A. Put up with. B. Make fun of.
C. Take pride in. D. Catch hold of.
9. What does the author want to suggest by mentioning the girl in black
A. Don’t distinguish yourself from others.
B. Don’t make simple things complicated.
C. Don’t identify others by their appearance.
D. Don’t label others according to their personal traits.
10. What do Dovidio’s words in paragraph four tell us
A. We cannot avoid being stereotyped.
B. We may correctly recognise others’ sex.
C. We cannot help the way we react to others.
D. We may make wrong judgements about ourselves.
11. Which word best describes Jim’s attitude to stereotypes
A. Positive. B. Uninterested. C. Uncertain. D. Critical.
D
Most birds, in particular, exhibit some degree of patterns and colours. Australia’s zebra finch (斑胸草雀), for example, was so named because of the zebra-like black and white bars on its tail. But it also has many other colours and patterns, from a bright orange bill to fine white spotting along its reddish-brown sides.
The zebra finch is Australia’s widely distributed grass-finch species, occurring throughout most of mainland Australia. It’s a common and familiar bird in the drier parts of the country.
When we see such a highly patterned bird we presume all individuals of that species have their spots and bars in the same places. But look closer and we’ll see that the quantity and design of these patterns varies between individuals. And every now and then a bird exhibits a more obvious feather variation. Occasionally, we see one that has larger than usual pale areas of feathers or, more rarely, has lost its normal patterning altogether.
Colouration and patterning in all animals is caused by a range of pigments (色素). Melanin (黑色素) is responsible for blacks and browns and a lack of this pigment can cause a partial or total loss of an individual’s dark patterning. The two main terms that describe these abnormalities are albinism (白化病) and leucism (白色亚种). Both conditions are genetic and both can lead to a very similar physical appearance. Leucism, however, causes a lack of the pigment cells that produce melanin. But albinism causes the production of melanin pigment to be reduced or absent.
Can we distinguish between the two conditions without the help of a cellular biologist Yes. Albino animals have fully unpigmented red eyes. Leucistic animals, on the other hand, never completely lose pigment from the eye, although they can have blue eyes due to a partial loss of pigment.
Why don’t we see more albino or leucistic birds Because the lack of melanin reduces the strength and lastingness of the affected birds’ feathers, making them more easily broken. Additionally, the birds’ vision and hearing is negatively affected, making them less able to hunt. The brighter feathers and lack of patterning also make them easier for attackers to see.
12. What can be learned about Australia’s zebra finch
A. It is one of the rarest birds in Australia.
B. It is mostly covered with bright orange feathers.
C. It acquires its name from its tail colours and patterns.
D. It has the same spots and bars in the same places.
13. What does the underlined word “presume” mean in paragraph three
A. Recall. B. Suppose. C. Deny. D. Recommend.
14. How is paragraph four developed
A. By setting assumptions. B. By presenting opinions.
C. By giving explanations. D. By drawing conclusions.
15. Which of the following correctly describes albino or leucistic birds
A. They have quite good hearing. B. They have completely red eyes.
C. They have easily broken feathers. D. They have excellent hunting skills.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was a new home. It cost $154,000. Sarah Jennings of Bay Shore, New York was ready to buy it, but her real estate agent suggested getting a home inspection. ____16____ Jennings said, “I was just depressed. It was less than perfect.” Since the problems were minor and would cost little to fix, Jennings decided to buy the house anyway.
Many people are now adding the important step of home inspection into the process of buying a home. A home inspector does not check to see if the price is reasonable. ____17____ Is it safe Do the electricity and water work well Is the roof in good condition What repairs may be necessary The inspector gives an estimate of the cost for putting the home in good working condition. If the home inspector finds serious problems, the buyer may want to consider looking for another house.
____18____ Usually a buyer puts down some money (1%-5% of the purchase price) to show intent to buy. The seller and buyer may need to negotiate before they decide on the price for the house. In Bay Shore, there are more buyers than houses. ____19____
The American dream of owning a home is possible. But there are still many people looking. In Bay Shore recently, there were more than 2,000 people interested in buying 52 houses in the new housing project. ____20____ But Jennings is not one of them.
A. The inspector checks on the building.
B. So Jennings paid full price and did not negotiate.
C. After the inspection, Jennings made an offer on the house.
D. Among those people, at least 1,948 families are still looking.
E. The bank wanted to make sure the house was worth the price.
F. The monthly housing expenses should be no more than 29% of a family’s income.
G. After four hours the home inspector gave Jennings a list of over 20 problems with the “new” home.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A passion for sewing has been in my family for several generations, and with a few lessons from my grandma and brother, I became pretty ____21____ about it. So I decided to give scrunchies (布发箍) a try! My first ____22____ was a disaster, but I kept on trying until I eventually ____23____ the art of scrunchie-making.
When I was first ____24____, I would sit at the machine for hours on end, just managing to ____25____ an item I was eager to sell. I didn’t get bored or ____26____; I was just so determined to complete and ____27____ get it on the market.
I began selling my items to my friends, and now I’m selling dresses as well! My ____28____ have won me a reputation, for each item was ____29____ with great love and care.
My family and friends have offered me their constant _____30_____ and feedback (反馈). They helped me learn how to run, _____31_____ and plan a whole business. Most of the time, their feedback is _____32_____, but they’re not afraid to tell me if I could have done something better. I’ve also had to _____33_____ negative feedback, which cables me to be more _____34_____ when something doesn’t work out the way as I planned.
My advice for anyone looking to start up their very own _____35_____, would be to start small and build yourself up. Enjoy, and trust in the journey!
21. A. nervous B. confused C. disappointed D. confident
22. A. permission B. attempt C. proposal D. exhibition
23. A. mastered B. considered C. created D. remembered
24. A. looking out B. falling down C. starting out D. calming down
25. A. perfect B. attract C. replace D. praise
26. A. excited B. scared C. surprised D. tired
27. A. particularly B. eventually C. apparently D. previously
28. A. debts B. products C. excuses D. attitudes
29. A. displayed B. compared C. sewn D. shared
30. A. support B. politeness C. curiosity D. sympathy
31. A. refuse B. leave C. change D. manage
32. A. aimless B. educational C. positive D. embarrassing
33. A. come across B. deal with C. wait for D. insist on
34. A. honored B. satisfied C. astonished D. determined
35. A. business B. training C. fashion D. research
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使其语义通顺语法正确。
36. From the ashes of this utter destruction ________ (rise) the organization that we now know as the United Nations (UN), offering hope to a world desperate for lasting peace and security.(所给词的适当形式填空)
37. Looking forward, we should invest in new technologies and innovative thinking that open the door ________ a whole new world where we decrease reliance on fossil fuels.(用适当的词填空)
38. Increasing temperatures cause ice sheets and glaciers at the North and South Poles ________ (melt), releasing additional water into the ocean. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39. The truth is that producing power from renewable energy sources can be ________ (challenge). (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. With this data, the UN can identify the root causes of poverty and work with governments and communities to ensure that those causes are ________ (efficiency) addressed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. The law plays an essential part in resolving conflicts, settling disputes and making rules that everyone must follow, ________ it has limitations.(用适当的词填空)
42. Notably, global legal systems fall into categories that share ________ (similar), and two main categories are civil law and common law. (所给词适当形式填空)
43. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness ________ (involve) more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall ________ a calendar app on your smartphone, finding an organization tool that works well for you is essential. (用适当的词填空)
45. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point ________ it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. (用适当的词填空)
46. It became popular for its ease of use, and eventually progressed into ________ we now consider to be the standard script. (用适当的词填空)
47. These oracle bone inscriptions, the ________ (early) form of Chinese characters ever found to this day, are clear proof that the history of the Chinese writing system stretches back about 3500 years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. When interacting with others, people should put ________ (they) in the other person’s position, regarding it as a code of conduct to live harmoniously with others. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. In the prologue to his autobiography, ________ (entitle) “What I Have Lived For”, Russell identifies the three passions that have governed his life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. His academic achievements are far too numerous to list, but he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, discovered Russell’s paradox leading to new thinking in logic and set theory, and ________ (recognize) as one of the founders of modem analytical philosophy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友Jim在邮件中提到他对如何有效管理自己的时间感到困惑。请你回封邮件，给出你的建议，内容包括：
1. 时间管理的重要性;2. 时间管理的技巧。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My best friend Carla Hernandez called me on Thursday afternoon. She asked me to meet her in the park near the playground five minutes later. She said she had a great idea! This worried me because Carla’s great ideas almost always meant big trouble for me!
I rushed outside and jogged to the park. When I saw Carla, my heart sank because her huge dog Perro was with her. I liked everything about Carla except Perro. I’d never had a pet, so I felt uncomfortable and nervous around animals. I was embarrassed to say that I was afraid of Carla’s dog. Carla smiled. “Isn’t this the perfect location for a pet show ” she asked. “All the kids in the neighborhood can show off their pets’ talents and demonstrate the things they do well. There are plenty of comfortable benches (长椅) for our parents and friends to sit on. And since you don’t have a pet to enter into the show, you will be the announcer.”
“I’m sorry,” I apologized, “but that’s impossible! Crowds made me nervous and unsure. Besides, I didn’t like animals, remember ” “That’s nonsense,” said Carla. “There’s nothing to be concerned about because you’ll be great!” Carla encouraged me to be brave and confident. But just then, Perro leaped up, slobbered all over (毫不掩饰地表示喜爱) me, and almost knock me down. “Down, Perro! Stay!” I shouted. Perro sat as still as a statue. “Wow, you’re good at that,” said Carla. She thought I was talented at giving orders to pets, and asked me to get started with her immediately because we would have a lot to do.
By Saturday morning I had practiced announcing each pet’s act a hundred times. I felt my heart pounding by the time the audience arrived. The size of the crowd made me feel even more anxious. When the show began, I announced the first pet, nervously. It was a bird named Butter whose talent was walking back and forth on a wire. When Butter finished, everyone clapped and cheered. So far, everything was perfect.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was beginning to feel calmer and more relaxed.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This was a disaster, and I had to do something.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 CABCA 6-10 BACCB 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 ABCBA2022～2023学年第一学期期末测试
高三英语
(考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并回交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What was the original price of the coat
A. $200. B. $280. C. $360.
2. What sport are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Diving. B. Fishing. C. Surfing.
3. What does the woman want to do
A. Open an account. B. Save her money. C. Call the repairer.
4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.
5. Where might this conversation take place
A. In an airport. B. In a beauty shop. C. In a police station.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman want to do a triathlon
A. She is good at it.
B. She was influenced by her sister.
C. She wants to challenge herself.
7. What is the man’s favorite exercise
A. Swimming. B. Cycling. C. Running.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What was the man doing just now
A. Having a party. B. Buying a gift. C. Attending a meeting.
9. When will Su leave for London
A. This Tuesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Tuesday.
10. How does the woman sound at the end of the conversation
A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Disappointed.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How often do the speakers probably make a video
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Twice a month.
12. What does the man think of the usual solution
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s expensive. C. It’s effective.
13. Why do the speakers make videos
A. To earn money. B. To get attention. C. To share knowledge.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman probably do
A. She’s an actress. B. She’s a traveler. C. She’s a reporter.
15. In which part of Sri Lanka is the city of Kandy
A. In the middle of it. B. In the east of it. C. In the north of it.
16. What is the man’s immediate plan
A. To write some blogs. B. To sign a contract. C. To arrange another trip.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker say about Catherine
A. She is strict about the choice of words.
B. She is good at writing books for the young.
C. She is excellent in many kinds of writing.
18. What is a feature of Catherine’s writing
A. Simple context. B. Surprising endings. C. Attractive expression.
19. Where did Catherine get her English degree
A. In New York. B. In Washington. C. In Los Angeles.
20. What will the speaker probably talk about next
A. The awards Catherine has won.
B. The magazines Catherine has created.
C. The schools Catherine has established.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fort Smith National Historic Site
At the Fort Smith National Historic Site you can walk where the Mexican-American War and the Civil War soldiers drilled, pause along the Trail of Tears, and stand where justice was served to some of the most horrible outlaws (歹徒) of the Wild West. The park includes:
Trail of Tears Overlook
Walk along the great Arkansas River and enjoy exhibit panels that tell the story of the Five Civilized Tribes that were forcibly remove to Indian Territory. The walking path begins from the parking lot and follows along the Arkansas River to Belle Point.
Belle Point (Site of First Fort Smith)
Established in 1817 at an area overlooking the meeting point of the Arkansas River and the Poteau River, it had been named Belle Point, French for “beautiful place,” by 18th-century French fur trappers. Visitors will enjoy a scenic view of the two rivers and are able to walk the foundation remains of the First Fort Smith.
Commissary (杂货店) (Site of Second Fort Smith)
The oldest building still standing in Fort Smith is the Commissary, the site of the Second Fort Smith. During the Federal Court period, Judge Parker’s private office was located upstairs. Today, you can visit the Commissary as it looked in the 1850s when it supplied the army with food items. You can also see the reconstruction of the Fort Smith Gallows where a surprisingly large number of outlaws met their fate at the end of a rope.
Visitor Center
The Visitor Center is located in the historic barracks (兵营) / courthouse / jail (监狱) building. The barracks was built in 1851 and was changed into a courthouse and jail in 1872. In 1888 a new jail building was built next to it. Here visitors can see Judge Parker’s restored courtroom, the “Hell on the Border” jail, as well as exhibits and videos on the operation of the Federal Court and its impact on Indian Territory.
Price: $10 (Adults 16+), FREE (Ages 0-15), $35 Annual Pass
1. Where can visitors learn about the history of the forced removals
A. At the site of the Second Fort Smith.
B. On the way to Belle Point from the car park.
C. In the historic barracks / courthouse / jail building.
D. At the meeting point of the Arkansas and Poteau rivers.
2. What can visitors do at the Visitor Center
A. Tour the oldest grocery store in Fort Smith.
B. See the restored Fort Smith Gallows.
C. Explore Judge Parker’s bedroom.
D. Visit the courtroom and the jail.
3. How much should a couple pay if they tour the park with no Annual Passes
A. $10. B. $20. C. $35. D. $70.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Fort Smith国家历史遗址的主要景点和其历史背景。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Trail of Tears Overlook”下文详细介绍“Walk along the great Arkansas River and enjoy exhibit panels that tell the story of the Five Civilized Tribes that were forcibly remove to Indian Territory. The walking path begins from the parking lot and follows along the Arkansas River to Belle Point.(沿着伟大的Arkansas河漫步，欣赏讲述五个文明部落被强行迁移到印第安领地的故事的展板。步行道从停车场开始，沿着Arkansas河到达Belle Point。)”可知，在从停车场去Belle Point的路上，参观者可以了解到有关强制迁移的历史。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Visitor Center”下文详细介绍“The Visitor Center is located in the historic barracks (兵营) / courthouse / jail (监狱) building. The barracks was built in 1851 and was changed into a courthouse and jail in 1872. In 1888 a new jail building was built next to it. Here visitors can see Judge Parker’s restored courtroom, the ‘Hell on the Border’ jail, as well as exhibits and videos on the operation of the Federal Court and its impact on Indian Territory.(游客中心位于历史悠久的兵营/法院/监狱大楼内。兵营建于1851年，并于1872年改为法院和监狱。1888年，在它旁边建造了一座新的监狱建筑。在这里，游客可以看到Parker法官修复的法庭、‘边境地狱’监狱，以及有关联邦法院运作及其对印第安领地影响的展品和视频。)”可知在游客中心游客可以参观法庭和监狱。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Price: $10 (Adults 16+), FREE (Ages 0-15), $35 Annual Pass(价格：$10（成人16岁以上），免费（0-15岁），$35（年卡）)”可知一对没有年卡的夫妻应该支付$10*2=$20。故选B。
B
Lucy Houk remembers the day four years ago when her fourth-grade classmates chose instruments to play in the school orchestra(管弦乐队). “Everyone else was picking instruments and having fun and I couldn’t pick one because I couldn’t really play any of them,” she said. She longed to play the cello(大提琴), but the cello requires two hands-one to hold the bow, the other to work the four strings.
Lucy, daughter of Lara Houk and Zak Houk, has one arm-her left-and only a partial right arm. She was born prematurely at 24 weeks with lots of problems. Lucy’s night arm is missing just below the elbow, but “Whatever she wants to do, we find a way to do it.” Lara said.
Lucy, an easy going eighth-grader at Highland Middle School in the Blackhawk School District, said, “I can tie my shoes. I can jump rope. But what I really wanted was to play the cello, but no one could think of anything to help me play it back then.”
Last winter, Eric Baker noticed Lucy. Baker, who joined the district two years ago, is the orchestra director for fourth through 12th grades. He collaborated(协作) with Dale Moll, a technology and engineering teacher at the high school, to find a way to make an adaptive bow holder that could be attached to Lucy’s elbow. While a student at Duquesne University, Baker took a class and attended a seminar on adaptive instruments for students with special needs, but never thought he’d have to apply what he learned-until he met Lucy.
“I hope more people don’t think because of their physical limitation that they can’t do something. There are so many ways to work around this kind of thing, especially with all the technology we have around these days,” Baker said.
The Highland teachers “went above and beyond their normal, average, everyday teaching job to do something special for Lucy and gave her an opportunity like every other kid,” Lara said.
Today, playing the cello with her classmates, Lucy feels like every other kid.
4. What upset Lucy when she was in fourth grade
A. Having medical treatment with her elbow.
B. Being unable to play musical instruments.
C. Joining the school orchestra.
D. Being rejected by her classmates.
5. What are Lucy’s parents like
A. They are confident of Lucy’s recovery.
B. They are proud of Lucy’s achievements.
C. They are anxious about Lucy’s future.
D. They are supportive of Lucy’s wishes.
6. What was beyond Baker’s expectations
A. Becoming the orchestra director at Highland Middle School.
B. Meeting a student with physical disabilities.
C. Putting what he’s lamed in a seminar into practice.
D Working with the technology and engineering teacher.
7. What did Lara think of the Highland teachers
A. They went the extra mile at work.
B. They were skilled in teaching music.
C. They were devoted and gave Lucy lots of opportunities.
D. They would give enough attention to kids with special needs.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了天生的残疾早产儿Lucy在Baker的帮助下，重新获得演奏大提琴的能力的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyone else was picking instruments and having fun and I couldn’t pick one because I couldn’t really play any of them.(其他人都在挑选乐器，玩得很开心，而我却选不出一种，因为我什么都不会弹)” 可知，让Lucy烦恼的是她不能演奏乐器。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Lucy的母亲Lara所说的话“Whatever she wants to do, we find a way to do it.(不管她想做什么，我们都会想办法做到)” 可知，Lucy的父母支持Lucy做她想做的事情。故选D
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“While a student at Duquesne University, Baker took a class and attended a seminar on adaptive instruments for students with special needs, but never thought he’d have to apply what he learned-until he met Lucy.(在迪肯大学读书时，贝克参加了一门课程，并参加了一个为有特殊需要的学生开设的自适应乐器研讨会，但从未想过他必须将所学应用到实践中——直到他遇到了露西)”可知，超出Baker预期的是他能够把他在研讨会上学到的东西付诸实践。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Lara说的话“The Highland teachers “went above and beyond their normal, average, everyday teaching job to do something special for Lucy and gave her an opportunity like every other kid,” Lara said.(劳拉说，Highland老师们“超越了他们正常、普通的日常教学工作，为露西做了一些特别的事情，给了她一个像其他孩子一样的机会。”)”可知，Highland老师们工作中付出了额外的努力。故选A项。
C
Stereotypes (刻板印象) are widely held but very general, simplified opinions about other people. Many of us start to use stereotypes at school — the cool kids or the hot kids — we know all the different ones by heart.
Looks, clothes, personal traits (特征) and interests are all aspects which, on the surface of it, make us different from our contemporaries. Students pounce on these in order to categorise others. “When you’re a social animal, you need to understand who is a member of your pack, and who is a member of a different pack,” says psychology professor, John Dovidio.
A girl dressed all in black may seem a bit depressed. But perhaps, deep down inside, she just likes black and is actually cheerful. She has the same interests as you — (the “cool kid”) — but she just dresses differently. The problem of typecasting is that it involves using labels which are merely shells (外表) containing assumptions. It makes one wonder why people see only a narrow view of a complicated human being.
According to Dovidio, even if we think we don’t stereotype others, we do. “We categorise immediately and without thinking,” says Dovidio. “And we stereotype others not just on their appearance, how they dress or act, but — wrongly — on their race and sex too.”
Student stereotypes may have special meanings, as teens are in the process of forming their own identity and figuring out who they feel most comfortable with. To some extent, stereotyping offers a sense of order, direction and connection to the close friends they make over time. But it’s too simple to make assumptions that “they” — teenagers in other groups — are alike or different from “us”. It’s easy to throw a group of people into a bucket (水桶) and judge them as a whole; it’s much more difficult to look at each person as an individual. On the other hand, Jim, another high school student, says “by labelling people we’re actually highlighting similarities not differences. If we didn’t stereotype, it would make many things today impossible. Think of marketing studies focused on specific audiences, or clubs for people with similar interests or hobbies.”
8. Which can best replace the underlined part “pounce on” in paragraph two
A. Put up with. B. Make fun of.
C. Take pride in. D. Catch hold of.
9. What does the author want to suggest by mentioning the girl in black
A. Don’t distinguish yourself from others.
B. Don’t make simple things complicated.
C. Don’t identify others by their appearance.
D. Don’t label others according to their personal traits.
10. What do Dovidio’s words in paragraph four tell us
A. We cannot avoid being stereotyped.
B. We may correctly recognise others’ sex.
C. We cannot help the way we react to others.
D. We may make wrong judgements about ourselves.
11. Which word best describes Jim’s attitude to stereotypes
A. Positive. B. Uninterested. C. Uncertain. D. Critical.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了刻板印象以及针对刻板印象的不同观点。
【8题详解】
短语猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句“Looks, clothes, personal traits (特征) and interests are all aspects which, on the surface of it, make us different from our contemporaries. Students pounce on these in order to categorise others.(外表、衣服、个人特征和兴趣都是表面上使我们与同时代人不同的方面。学生们pounce on这些来对其他人进行分类。)”可知划线词pounce on后的these指代上文使我们与同时代人在表面上不同的特征“Looks, clothes, personal traits (特征) and interests”，学生们抓住这些表面上的特征对其他人进行分类，由此可知，句中“pounce on”意思为“抓住”，可以替换为catch hold of。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A girl dressed all in black may seem a bit depressed. But perhaps, deep down inside, she just likes black and is actually cheerful. She has the same interests as you — (the ‘cool kid’) — but she just dresses differently. (一个穿一身黑的女孩可能看起来有点沮丧。但也许，在内心深处，她只是喜欢黑色，实际上是开朗的。她和你——（那个‘酷孩子’）——有相同的兴趣爱好，只是穿着不同而已。)”可知，作者在文中提到穿一身黑的女孩，想要传达的含义是不能光凭外表来确定一个人的特征个性。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘We categorise immediately and without thinking,’ says Dovidio. ‘And we stereotype others not just on their appearance, how they dress or act, but — wrongly — on their race and sex too.’(‘我们会不假思索地立即进行分类。’Dovidio说：‘我们不仅在外表、穿着和行为上对他人抱有刻板印象，而且——错误地——在种族和性别上也抱有刻板印象。’)”可知人们会不假思索地立即对他人按照刻板印象进行分类，由此可知，人们对他人进行刻板印象归类是一种下意识的举动，人们无法控制自己对他人的反应。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On the other hand, Jim, another high school student, says ‘by labelling people we’re actually highlighting similarities not differences. If we didn’t stereotype, it would make many things today impossible. Think of marketing studies focused on specific audiences, or clubs for people with similar interests or hobbies.’(另一方面，另一名高中生Jim说：‘通过给人贴标签，我们实际上是在强调相似之处，而不是不同之处。如果我们没有刻板印象，这将使今天的许多事情变得不可能。想想针对特定受众的营销研究，或者针对具有相似兴趣或爱好的人的俱乐部。’)”可知，Jim认为通过给人群贴标签可以找到群体的相似性，如果没有刻板印象的话，针对特定受众的市场调查、俱乐部等就无法实现。由此可知，Jim对刻板印象的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
Most birds, in particular, exhibit some degree of patterns and colours. Australia’s zebra finch (斑胸草雀), for example, was so named because of the zebra-like black and white bars on its tail. But it also has many other colours and patterns, from a bright orange bill to fine white spotting along its reddish-brown sides.
The zebra finch is Australia’s widely distributed grass-finch species, occurring throughout most of mainland Australia. It’s a common and familiar bird in the drier parts of the country.
When we see such a highly patterned bird we presume all individuals of that species have their spots and bars in the same places. But look closer and we’ll see that the quantity and design of these patterns varies between individuals. And every now and then a bird exhibits a more obvious feather variation. Occasionally, we see one that has larger than usual pale areas of feathers or, more rarely, has lost its normal patterning altogether.
Colouration and patterning in all animals is caused by a range of pigments (色素). Melanin (黑色素) is responsible for blacks and browns, and a lack of this pigment can cause a partial or total loss of an individual’s dark patterning. The two main terms that describe these abnormalities are albinism (白化病) and leucism (白色亚种). Both conditions are genetic and both can lead to a very similar physical appearance. Leucism, however, causes a lack of the pigment cells that produce melanin. But albinism causes the production of melanin pigment to be reduced or absent.
Can we distinguish between the two conditions without the help of a cellular biologist Yes. Albino animals have fully unpigmented red eyes. Leucistic animals, on the other hand, never completely lose pigment from the eye, although they can have blue eyes due to a partial loss of pigment.
Why don’t we see more albino or leucistic birds Because the lack of melanin reduces the strength and lastingness of the affected birds’ feathers, making them more easily broken. Additionally, the birds’ vision and hearing is negatively affected, making them less able to hunt. The brighter feathers and lack of patterning also make them easier for attackers to see.
12. What can be learned about Australia’s zebra finch
A. It is one of the rarest birds in Australia.
B. It is mostly covered with bright orange feathers.
C. It acquires its name from its tail colours and patterns.
D. It has the same spots and bars in the same places.
13. What does the underlined word “presume” mean in paragraph three
A Recall. B. Suppose. C. Deny. D. Recommend.
14. How is paragraph four developed
A. By setting assumptions. B. By presenting opinions.
C. By giving explanations. D. By drawing conclusions.
15. Which of the following correctly describes albino or leucistic birds
A. They have quite good hearing. B. They have completely red eyes.
C. They have easily broken feathers. D. They have excellent hunting skills.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鸟类羽毛的颜色和鸟类体内所含黑色素的关系，并介绍了缺乏黑色素所带来的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Australia’s zebra finch (斑胸草雀), for example, was so named because of the zebra-like black and white bars on its tail.(例如，澳大利亚的斑胸草雀因尾巴上有斑马般的黑白条纹而得名。)”可知，澳大利亚的斑胸草雀因其尾部颜色和图案而得名。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“But look closer and we’ll see that the quantity and design of these patterns varies between individuals.(但仔细观察，我们会发现这些图案的数量和设计因个体而异。)”可知，此处是指我们推断该物种的所有个体在相同的地方都有斑点和条纹，所以presume意为“推断”。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第二句“Melanin (黑色素) is responsible for blacks and browns, and a lack of this pigment can cause a partial or total loss of an individual’s dark patterning.(黑色素是造成黑色和棕色的原因，缺乏这种色素会导致一个个体的黑色图案部分或全部丧失。)”是对第一句“Colouration and patterning in all animals is caused by a range of pigments (色素).(所有动物的着色和图案都是由一系列色素引起的。)”的解释，最后三句“Both conditions are genetic and both can lead to a very similar physical appearance. Leucism, however, causes a lack of the pigment cells that produce melanin. But albinism causes the production of melanin pigment to be reduced or absent.(这两种情况都是遗传的，都可能导致非常相似的外表。然而，白色亚种会导致产生黑色素的色素细胞的缺乏。但白化病会导致黑色素的产生减少或缺失。)”是对第三句“The two main terms that describe these abnormalities are albinism (白化病) and leucism (白色亚种).(描述这些异常的两个主要术语是白化病和(白色亚种。)”的解释。所以第四段通过作出解释来展开。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Because the lack of melanin reduces the strength and lastingness of the affected birds’ feathers, making them more easily broken.(因为黑色素的缺乏降低了受影响鸟类羽毛的强度和持久性，使它们更容易断裂。)”可知，白化或白色亚种鸟类的羽毛很容易折断。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It was a new home. It cost $154,000. Sarah Jennings of Bay Shore, New York was ready to buy it, but her real estate agent suggested getting a home inspection. ____16____ Jennings said, “I was just depressed. It was less than perfect.” Since the problems were minor and would cost little to fix, Jennings decided to buy the house anyway.
Many people are now adding the important step of home inspection into the process of buying a home. A home inspector does not check to see if the price is reasonable. ____17____ Is it safe Do the electricity and water work well Is the roof in good condition What repairs may be necessary The inspector gives an estimate of the cost for putting the home in good working condition. If the home inspector finds serious problems, the buyer may want to consider looking for another house.
____18____ Usually a buyer puts down some money (1%-5% of the purchase price) to show intent to buy. The seller and buyer may need to negotiate before they decide on the price for the house. In Bay Shore, there are more buyers than houses. ____19____
The American dream of owning a home is possible. But there are still many people looking. In Bay Shore recently, there were more than 2,000 people interested in buying 52 houses in the new housing project. ____20____ But Jennings is not one of them.
A. The inspector checks on the building.
B. So Jennings paid full price and did not negotiate.
C. After the inspection, Jennings made an offer on the house.
D. Among those people, at least 1,948 families are still looking.
E. The bank wanted to make sure the house was worth the price.
F. The monthly housing expenses should be no more than 29% of a family’s income.
G. After four hours, the home inspector gave Jennings a list of over 20 problems with the “new” home.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章通过Jennings女士的一个买房经历，主要说明了当今一个有关买房的社会问题，即买房之前必须检查房屋是否有设施问题，以及在美国购房者人数很多甚至超过房屋的数量的社会现象。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Sarah Jennings of Bay Shore, New York was ready to buy it, but her real estate agent suggested getting a home inspection.(来自纽约海湾海岸的莎拉·詹宁斯(Sarah Jennings)准备买下这套房子，但她的房地产经纪人建议她去做房屋检查)”以及后文“Jennings said, “I was just depressed. It was less than perfect.”(詹宁斯说:“我只是很沮丧。它并不完美。”)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，应该是检查房子的结果，所以G项“After four hours, the home inspector gave Jennings a list of over 20 problems with the “new” home.(四个小时后，房屋检查员给了詹宁斯一张清单，上面写着“新”房子的20多个问题)”符合文意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Is it safe Do the electricity and water work well Is the roof in good condition What repairs may be necessary (安全吗 水电正常吗 屋顶状况好吗 可能需要哪些修理 )”可知，空处在本段中的作用为总结下文所列举的房屋问题。后面所有列举的问句都是空处这句话的某个方面，所以A项“The inspector checks on the building.(检查员检查大楼)”符合文意。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Usually a buyer puts down some money (1%-5% of the purchase price) to show intent to buy. The seller and buyer may need to negotiate before they decide on the price for the house. In Bay Shore, there are more buyers than houses.(通常买家会先付一笔钱(买价的1%-5%)来表示购买意向。卖方和买方在决定房子的价格之前可能需要协商一下。在Bay Shore，买家比房子多)”可知，本段是在讲买房缴费的事，空处位于段首，需起到引领本段的作用，所以C项“After the inspection, Jennings made an offer on the house.(看房后，詹宁斯对那所房子提出了价格)”符合文意。故选C项。
【19题详解】
分析设空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结或者承接上文的内容，根据前文“In Bay Shore, there are more buyers than houses.(在Bay Shore，买家比房子多)”可知，B项“So Jennings paid full price and did not negotiate.(所以詹宁斯付了全价，没有谈判)”和前句构成因果关系。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“In Bay Shore recently, there were more than 2,000 people interested in buying 52 houses in the new housing project.(最近，在海湾海岸，有超过2000人对购买52套新住宅项目感兴趣)”以及后文“But Jennings is not one of them.(但詹宁斯不是其中之一)”可知，空处句子肯定有一类人的存在，并且还是和jennings所做行为相反，而Jennings果断买房这个行为和“people still looking(正在观望)”恰恰相反，所以D项“Among those people, at least 1,948 families are still looking.(在这些人当中，至少有1948个家庭仍在寻找)”符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A passion for sewing has been in my family for several generations, and with a few lessons from my grandma and brother, I became pretty ____21____ about it. So I decided to give scrunchies (布发箍) a try! My first ____22____ was a disaster, but I kept on trying until I eventually ____23____ the art of scrunchie-making.
When I was first ____24____, I would sit at the machine for hours on end, just managing to ____25____ an item I was eager to sell. I didn’t get bored or ____26____; I was just so determined to complete and ____27____ get it on the market.
I began selling my items to my friends and now I’m selling dresses as well! My ____28____ have won me a reputation, for each item was ____29____ with great love and care.
My family and friends have offered me their constant _____30_____ and feedback (反馈). They helped me learn how to run, _____31_____ and plan a whole business. Most of the time, their feedback is _____32_____, but they’re not afraid to tell me if I could have done something better. I’ve also had to _____33_____ negative feedback, which cables me to be more _____34_____ when something doesn’t work out the way as I planned.
My advice for anyone looking to start up their very own _____35_____, would be to start small and build yourself up. Enjoy, and trust in the journey!
21. A. nervous B. confused C. disappointed D. confident
22. A. permission B. attempt C. proposal D. exhibition
23. A. mastered B. considered C. created D. remembered
24. A. looking out B. falling down C. starting out D. calming down
25. A. perfect B. attract C. replace D. praise
26. A. excited B. scared C. surprised D. tired
27. A. particularly B. eventually C. apparently D. previously
28. A. debts B. products C. excuses D. attitudes
29. A. displayed B. compared C. sewn D. shared
30. A. support B. politeness C. curiosity D. sympathy
31. A. refuse B. leave C. change D. manage
32. A. aimless B. educational C. positive D. embarrassing
33. A. come across B. deal with C. wait for D. insist on
34. A. honored B. satisfied C. astonished D. determined
35. A. business B. training C. fashion D. research
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者自己在创业的过程中的收获与心得，并且对那些想自己创业的人给出了自己的建议：要从小处做起，并且在遇到困难的时候自己要振作起来。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对缝纫的热爱在我们家已经传承了好几代人，在奶奶和哥哥的教导下，我对缝纫变得相当有信心。A. nervous紧张的；B. confused困惑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“with a few lessons from my grandma and brother”可知，在奶奶和哥哥的教导下，作者对缝纫变得相当有信心。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一次尝试是一场灾难，但我一直在尝试，直到我最终掌握了制作布发箍的艺术。A. permission允许；B. attempt尝试；C. proposal倡议；D. exhibition展览。根据前文“but I kept on trying”可知，作者第一次尝试失败了，所以作者一直尝试。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mastered掌握；B. considered考虑；C. created创造；D. remembered记住。根据前文“but I kept on trying”可知，作者一直尝试直到掌握了制作布发箍的艺术。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我第一次盯着机器看时候，我会连续几个小时坐在机器前，只是为了把我渴望出售的商品做得完美。A. looking out注意；B. falling down倒下；C. staring out开始；D. calming down冷静。根据前文“When I was first”和“I would sit at the machine for hours on end”可知，当作者刚开始制作布发箍的时候，不知所措。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. perfect完善；B. attract吸引；C. replace取代；D. praise表扬。根据后文“I was just so determined to complete and ____7____ get it on the market.”可知，作者决定将制作的布发箍推向市场，所以渴望把出售的商品做得完美。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有感到无聊或疲惫。A. excited兴奋的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. tired劳累的。根据后文“I was just so determined to complete and ____7____ get it on the market.”可知，作者决定将制作的布发箍推向市场，所以渴望把出售的商品做得完美。所以作者不会感到无聊或疲惫。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心要完成并最终把它推向市场。A. particularly尤其地；B. eventually最终地；C. apparently显而易见地；D. previously之前地。根据前文“just managing to ____5____ an item I was eager to sell”可知，作者下定决心最终地将制作出来的布发箍推向市场。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的产品为我赢得了声誉，因为每一件产品都是用极大的爱和关怀缝制的。A. debts债；B. products产品；C. excuses理由；D. attitudes态度。根据前文“I began selling my items to my friends, and now I’m selling dresses as well!”可知，作者把自己制作的东西开始卖给朋友，同时也卖裙子，所以作者的产品赢得了声誉。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. displayed展示；B. compared比较；C. sewn缝；D. shared分享。根据前文“have won me a reputation”，可知，作者所售卖的物品为我赢得了声誉，都是自己用极大的爱和关怀缝制出来的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人和朋友一直给我支持和反馈。A. support支持；B. politeness礼貌；C. curiosity好奇心；D. sympathy同情心。根据后文“They helped me learn how to run”可知，此处的they指代前文的家人和朋友们，他们为作者一直提供着支持。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助我学会了如何经营、管理和规划一个完整的企业。A. refuse拒绝；B. leave离开；C. change改变；D. manage管理，经营。根据后文“and plan a whole business”可知，此处表示作者的家人和朋友帮助作者经营、管理和规划一个完整的企业。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数时候，他们的反馈都是积极的，他们并不害怕告诉我哪里做的还可以更好。A. aimless没有目标的；B. educational有教育意义的；C. positive积极的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据后文的“but they’re not afraid to tell me if I could have done something better.”可知，作者的家人和朋友并不害怕告诉他哪里做的还可以更好，这不是一个正面的反馈，but前面的内容是相反的，也就是作者大部分时候的收到的反馈都是正面的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还必须处理负面反馈，当事情没有按照我计划的方式进行时，它会让我更加坚定。A. come across偶遇；B. deal with解决；C. wait for等待；D. insist on坚持。根据后文的“negative feedback”可知，作者需要去处理一些负面反馈。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. honored光荣的；B. satisfied满意的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. determined坚定的。根据前文“I’ve also had to ____13____ negative feedback”可知，当事情没有按照作者计划的方式进行时，它会让作者在处理问题的过程中更加坚定想法。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些想要自己创业的人，我的建议是从小处做起和让自己振作起来。A. business生意，事业；B. training培训；C. fashion时尚；D. research研究。根据后文“would be to start small and build yourself up.”可知，作者建议那些要创业的人，要从小处做起，并且在遇到困难的时候自己要振作起来。故选A。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，使其语义通顺语法正确。
36. From the ashes of this utter destruction ________ (rise) the organization that we now know as the United Nations (UN), offering hope to a world desperate for lasting peace and security.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rose##rises
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：从这一彻底毁灭的灰烬中建立起了我们现在所知的联合国这个组织，它给迫切需要持久和平与安全的世界带来了希望。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语动词，所以rise作本句谓语，描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时；也可理解为陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the organization是单数，故填rose/rises。
37. Looking forward, we should invest in new technologies and innovative thinking that open the door ________ a whole new world where we decrease reliance on fossil fuels.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：展望未来，我们应该投资于新技术和创新思维，为一个全新的世界打开大门，减少对化石燃料的依赖。分析句子，句中open the door to sth为固定短语，意为“向……敞开大门；给……以机会”。故填to。
38. Increasing temperatures cause ice sheets and glaciers at the North and South Poles ________ (melt), releasing additional water into the ocean. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to melt
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：气温升高导致南极和北极的冰原和冰川融化，向海洋释放更多的水。句中cause sth to do为固定短语，故使用不定式结构。melt为动词，意为“融化”。故填to melt。
39. The truth is that producing power from renewable energy sources can be ________ (challenge). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】challenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，利用可再生能源发电具有挑战性。根据“producing power from renewable energy sources”可知，此处是指利用可再生能源发电具有挑战性，所以应用形容词challenging表示“有挑战性的”作表语。故填challenging。
40. With this data, the UN can identify the root causes of poverty and work with governments and communities to ensure that those causes are ________ (efficiency) addressed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】efficiently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：有了这些数据，联合国可以确定贫困的根源，并与政府和社区合作，确保这些根源得到有效解决。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，应该用副词作状语，efficiency的副词形式是efficiently。故填efficiently。
41. The law plays an essential part in resolving conflicts, settling disputes and making rules that everyone must follow, ________ it has limitations.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】yet##but##though
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：法律在解决冲突、解决纠纷和制定人人必须遵守的规则方面发挥着重要作用，但是它也有局限性。句子结构分析可知设空处应为连词；由句意可知，“The law plays an essential part in resolving conflicts, settling disputes and making rules that everyone must follow”与下文“it has limitations”之间为转折关系，连词yet/but意为“但是，然而”符合句意。此外，此句还可以翻译为：法律在解决冲突、解决纠纷和制定人人必须遵守的规则方面发挥着重要作用，尽管它有局限性。连词though“虽然，尽管”符合句意。故填yet/but/though。
42. Notably, global legal systems fall into categories that share ________ (similar), and two main categories are civil law and common law. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】similarities
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：值得注意的是，全球法律体系可以分成具有相似之处的类别，其中两个主要类别是民法和普通法。设空处在句中作动词share的宾语，名词similarity意为“相似点，相似之处”符合句意，由句意以及下文的“and two main categories are civil law and common law”可知设空处表复数概念，故填similarities。
43. Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness ________ (involve) more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】involves
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：打破根深蒂固的习惯倾向，如拖延、不耐烦、挑剔或自私，这些违反了人类效率的基本原则，需要的不仅仅是一点意志力和生活中的一些小改变。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以involve做本句谓语，主语是Breaking，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填involves。
44. Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall ________ a calendar app on your smartphone, finding an organization tool that works well for you is essential. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】or
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：无论是你贴在墙上的计划表，还是智能手机上的日历应用程序，找到一个适合你的组织工具是至关重要的。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。
45. As we explore the world in greater depth, we may reach a point ________ it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical, ethical or financial limitations. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：当我们更深入地探索这个世界时，我们可能会到达一个点，由于物理、道德或财务的限制，我们不可能在现实世界中运行一个实验场景。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用关系副词引导，先行词是point，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
46. It became popular for its ease of use, and eventually progressed into ________ we now consider to be the standard script. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：它因易于使用而流行起来，并最终发展成为我们现在所认为的标准脚本。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应该用what引导。故填what。
47. These oracle bone inscriptions, the ________ (early) form of Chinese characters ever found to this day, are clear proof that the history of the Chinese writing system stretches back about 3500 years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】earliest
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这些甲骨文是迄今为止发现的最早形式的汉字，清楚地证明了中国书写系统的历史可以追溯到3500年前。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词form，所以空处应填形容词，根据句意，此处表达的是“最早形式的汉字”之意，应该用最高级。故填earliest。
48. When interacting with others, people should put ________ (they) in the other person’s position, regarding it as a code of conduct to live harmoniously with others. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】themselves
【解析】
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：在与人交往时，人们应该换位思考，把与人和谐相处作为一种行为准则。设空处在句中作动词“put”的宾语，表示人们应该把自己放在对方的立场去考虑问题，所以，设空处应填所给词“they”的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
49. In the prologue to his autobiography, ________ (entitle) “What I Have Lived For”, Russell identifies the three passions that have governed his life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】entitled
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在自传《我为何而生》的序言中，罗素指出了支配他一生的三种激情。动词entitle意为“给……命名，给……题名”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语autobiography构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填entitled。
50. His academic achievements are far too numerous to list, but he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, discovered Russell’s paradox leading to new thinking in logic and set theory, and ________ (recognize) as one of the founders of modem analytical philosophy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他的学术成就不胜枚举，但他获得了诺贝尔文学奖，发现了罗素悖论，导致了逻辑学和集合论的新思维，被公认为现代分析哲学的创始人之一。分析句子结构可知，本句是and引导的并列句，后句中缺少谓语，所以recognize做本句谓语，主语是he，两者间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据and的前句，用的是一般过去时，所以此处也用一般过去时。故填was recognized。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友Jim在邮件中提到他对如何有效管理自己的时间感到困惑。请你回封邮件，给出你的建议，内容包括：
1. 时间管理的重要性;2. 时间管理的技巧。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Learning that you have trouble in managing your time effectively, I’m writing to give you some useful suggestions.
Effective time management can help reduce your stress and boost your performance. The first thing you need to do is to plan ahead by making a daily to-do list. Being organized also helps a lot when you prepare for your lessons and activities. Most importantly you must learn to prioritize all your tasks and stick to the goals you have set.
I hope you’ll find my suggestions practical and helpful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给外籍朋友Jim回封邮件，就如何有效管理自己的时间给出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
知道：learning→know
问题：trouble→problem
建议：suggestion→advice
有用的：helpful→beneficial
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Effective time management can help reduce your stress and boost your performance.
拓展句：Not only can effective time management help reduce your stress, but also boost your performance.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Learning that you have trouble in managing your time effectively, I’m writing to give you some useful suggestions.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]The first thing you need to do is to plan ahead by making a daily to-do list. (省略which的定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My best friend Carla Hernandez called me on Thursday afternoon. She asked me to meet her in the park near the playground five minutes later. She said she had a great idea! This worried me because Carla’s great ideas almost always meant big trouble for me!
I rushed outside and jogged to the park. When I saw Carla, my heart sank because her huge dog Perro was with her. I liked everything about Carla except Perro. I’d never had a pet, so I felt uncomfortable and nervous around animals. I was embarrassed to say that I was afraid of Carla’s dog. Carla smiled. “Isn’t this the perfect location for a pet show ” she asked. “All the kids in the neighborhood can show off their pets’ talents and demonstrate the things they do well. There are plenty of comfortable benches (长椅) for our parents and friends to sit on. And since you don’t have a pet to enter into the show, you will be the announcer.”
“I’m sorry,” I apologized, “but that’s impossible! Crowds made me nervous and unsure. Besides, I didn’t like animals, remember ” “That’s nonsense,” said Carla. “There’s nothing to be concerned about because you’ll be great!” Carla encouraged me to be brave and confident. But just then, Perro leaped up, slobbered all over (毫不掩饰地表示喜爱) me, and almost knock me down. “Down, Perro! Stay!” I shouted. Perro sat as still as a statue. “Wow, you’re good at that,” said Carla. She thought I was talented at giving orders to pets, and asked me to get started with her immediately because we would have a lot to do.
By Saturday morning I had practiced announcing each pet’s act a hundred times. I felt my heart pounding by the time the audience arrived. The size of the crowd made me feel even more anxious. When the show began, I announced the first pet, nervously. It was a bird named Butter whose talent was walking back and forth on a wire. When Butter finished, everyone clapped and cheered. So far, everything was perfect.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was beginning to feel calmer and more relaxed.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This was a disaster, and I had to do something.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was beginning to feel calmer and more relaxed. I realized that being an announcer wasn’t so bad after all. Then it was Carla and Perro’s turn. Carla asked Perro to sit, but Perro didn’t sit. Carla was at a loss what to do next. Perro was too interested in watching so many pet friends at the show. Suddenly, Perro broke free from the rope, leaped swiftly and knocked over the bird Butter’s cage. It seemed that Perro was out of control and it began running around in circles.
This was a disaster, and I had to do something. “Sit!” I shouted at Perro. “Stay!” I cried. All of a sudden, everyone stopped and stared at me. Hearing my instructions, Perro sat immediately and looked at me, wagging its tail. “Wow, that is quite an achievement!” Carla smiled at me and gave me a thumbs-up. Then the audience applauded. It was amazing to get the pets to settle down. Now I am not afraid of pet dogs, and with boldness, I can speak in front of a crowd confidently.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者好朋友卡拉即将要举办一个宠物展活动，并邀请作者为该活动的主持人。为了该活动作者反复的练习，尽管如此作者还是感觉到非常的焦虑和紧张。在活动当天，刚开始一切进展地非常顺利，这让作者感到平静和放松，就在此时却出现了意外情况。就在慌乱中，作者冷静地成功地控制了整个场面，让活动成功的举办下去的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我开始感到平静和放松了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在活动进展顺利的时候感到平静和放松，可就在此时突然发生了意想不到的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“这是一场灾难，我必须做点什么。”可知，第二段可描写作者如何冷静的处理该突发情况。
2.续写线索：突发情况——狗狗不听管束——冷静处理——稳住现场——备受赞扬——成长感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 挣脱：break free/ break away from/struggle to free
② 撞倒：knock over/run down/tip over
③ 乱跑：run around/ run wild
情绪类
① 微笑：smile at/stare at me with a big smile
② 惊讶的：amazing/ astonishing
【点睛】[高分句型1] It seemed that Perro was out of control and it began running around in circles. （运用了由that引导的主语从句）
[高分句型2] Hearing my instructions, Perro sat immediately and looked at me, wagging its tail. （运用了现在分词作伴随状语）
听力答案：1-5 CABCA 6-10 BACCB 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 ABCBA
