必修第二册 Unit 3 The Internet
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For recreation league athletes，there’s nothing worse than when one of your teammates drops out at the last minute.When a recreation league ice hockey(冰上曲棍球) team in Edmonton needed a goalie(守门员)，they got a save from an unlikely hero.
Nelson Rego，who is 100% blind，plays blind ice hockey for the Edmonton “SeeHawks”and accidentally met another goalie，John Hunter，who was inquiring online about a chest protector.Later Hunter got injured，and trying to help his team find a goalie for a league game，he reached out on the Edmonton Goalies Facebook page.
“Nelson calls me，and he starts out with，‘Hey，how’s the chest protector going？’”Hunter later shared about the remarkable story.“Then Nelson continues，‘By the way，I’m not sure if this is a good idea but I’ve learned that you’re looking for a goalie substitute for your league game tonight.What do you think about me playing？’”
The team was “all in”，so Rego got ready for his first-ever sighted league match.
According to the players，they didn’t tell the referee until the puck(冰球) drop that their goalie was blind—information with which he didn’t really know what to do.
In an interview with CTV Edmonton，Rego explains he keeps himself centered in the goal by measuring the distance between the posts with his stick and his glove.After he uses sound to key into where the puck is and if it’s being challenged，all the while he follows verbal instructions from his loving wife Emelinda，in the stands telling the action.
The game was by no means a washout for Rego，because even though Rego’s team lost，he hung in there and earned the respect and admiration of the team.
This remarkable night is just one step in Rego’s hockey career and he wants to go further.Rego says，“If it’s something you want to do，just do it.It’s amazing to watch hockey，but it’s even better to play it.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位盲人冰上曲棍球守门员争取到机会与有正常视力的队友进行了一场比赛的故事。
1．Why did Nelson Rego make a call to John Hunter
A．To apply to be a goalie substitute.
B．To send him a nice chest protector.
C．To invite him to an ice hockey game.
D．To ask him to look for a sighted goalie.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then Nelson continues，‘By the way，I’m not sure if this is a good idea but I’ve learned that you’re looking for a goalie substitute for your league game tonight.What do you think about me playing？’”可知，Nelson Rego打电话给John Hunter是为了申请代替他成为当晚比赛的守门员。故选A。
2．What does Nelson Rego mainly explain in paragraph 6
A．His wife’s devotion to his job.
B．How he plays as a blind goalie.
C．His deep love for ice hockey.
D．Why he dropped a puck in a game.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。根据第六段的内容可知，Nelson Rego主要在解释身为盲人的他是如何当守门员的。故选B。
3．What does the underlined word “washout”in paragraph 7 probably mean
A．Gift. B．Fight.
C．Change. D．Failure.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“...because even though Rego’s team lost，he hung in there and earned the respect and admiration of the team.”可知，画线词所在句的意思是“这场比赛对于Rego来说绝对不是一场失败的比赛”。故选D。
4．Which of the following can best describe Nelson Rego
A．Helpful and modest.
B．Polite and generous.
C．Ambitious and active.
D．Talented and hardworking.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，Nelson Rego希望自己在冰上曲棍球这项事业上取得更大的成就，而且他积极主动为自己争取参加比赛的机会。由此可推断，Nelson Rego是一个有抱负又积极主动的人。故选C。
B
Studying the DNA of 300 mice has flagged up(引起对……的关注) genes which have been linked to hereditary(遗传的) sight loss for the first time.Researchers say because mice’s genes are so similar to humans’，their findings could lead to the treatment of more genetic diseases.
Scientists at the University of California，Davis studied information from a data bank of mice’s genetic material.They found 347 genes linked to eye problems，with just 86 of them having been studied in the past.
Only around 50 to 75 percent of hereditary eye diseases in human can be explained with present science.The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be a key to explaining—and therefore being able to treat the other 25－50 percent.
“This is extremely valuable for people with hereditary eye disease，”said researcher Professor Ala Moshiri.“All researchers are going to start using these data.In the past，we knew the problem was there but we didn’t know where to look.Now eye centers can call back patients and screen them for these new genes.We expected that more and more of these genetic diseases will be treatable.”Also，the fact is that more than 60 percent of eye problems at birth are ones resulting from the baby’s parents!
Thanks to data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium(IMPC)，which is trying to work out what every single gene in a mouse is responsible for，with the aim of translating it to humans，scientists are moving closer to figuring out all genetic causes of blindness.To do this，scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time.This has so far been done more than 7,000 times and has achieved great success.Researchers are now working alongside eye care centers in Texas and Iowa in order to compare the mice’s genes to those of patients.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。加州大学戴维斯分校的科学家们研究发现：在老鼠身上发现的数百种新基因可能是解释人类遗传性眼部疾病的关键。
5．How many hereditary-sight-loss-related genes were newly found
A．86. B．261.
C．300. D．347.
答案 B
解析 数字计算题。根据第二段中的“They found 347 genes linked to eye problems，with just 86 of them having been studied in the past.”可知，新发现与遗传性失明相关的基因有：347－86＝261个。故选B。
6．Why is the percentage of genetic eye problems mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To show the significance of studying mice’s genes.
B．To prove mice’s genes are similar to humans’．
C．To warn the high risk level of suffering them.
D．To explain how common they are among people.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推知，第三段提到遗传性眼睛疾病的百分比是为了表明研究老鼠基因的重要性。故选A。
7．What should scientists do first to unlock secrets of genetic blindness
A．Compare humans’ genes with mice’s.
B．Recognize each gene’s role of humans.
C．Set apart a gene of a mouse each time.
D．Figure out each gene’s function of a mouse.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To do this，scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time.”可知，为了解开基因性失明的秘密，科学家首先应该每次从老鼠身上分离出一个基因。故选C。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．New Ways to Cure Sight Loss
B．Genetic Diseases Discovered in Mice
C．Genes Found Behind Eye Problems
D．Humans’ Genes Causing Eye Diseases
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。根据文章主要内容：科学家在小白鼠身上发现的数百种新基因可能是解释人类遗传性眼部疾病的关键。因此推断研究老鼠的基因有助于揭秘人类的眼睛疾病的起因。C项“眼睛问题背后发现的基因”为最佳标题。故选C。
C
(2023·山西长治联考)
Humans are emotional beings，showing feelings in our behavior and facial expressions.But whether these mean the same thing in different cultures has been hotly debated.Now a new study has found that in different social contexts，such as weddings，funerals and sports，people indeed show universal facial expressions.
For the new study，Alan Cowen’s team used a machine learning model，Deep Neural Network(DNN)，to systematically analyze facial expressions in thousands of different contexts.These contexts come from more than six million videos uploaded to YouTube by people in 144 countries.
Facial expressions were rated by English speakers in India by selecting applicable emotions from a list of 31 labels，resulting in a total of 16 distinct facial expressions.Meanwhile，contexts were classified in a separate experiment.The results showed that people from different cultures share about 70% of the facial expressions used in response to different social and emotional situations.
“This supports Darwin’s theory that expressing emotions in our faces is universal among humans，”the study co-lead author Dacher Keltner said.“The physical display of our emotions may define who we are as a species，enhancing our communication and cooperation skills and ensuring our survival.”
However，Lisa Barrett，from the Northeastern University College of Science notes that the English speakers in India were given the emotional word ratings rather than labeling the expressions themselves.They used emotion labels such as “anger”“fear”and “sadness”instead of descriptive terms，thereby inferring the emotions behind the expressions.
She further comments that the raters(评定者) saw the faces in contexts which can’t necessarily be separated from the emotions themselves，and that the key point is that the raters are from just one country.“The ultimate value of Cowen and his colleagues’ study might lie not in the answers it provides，”she concludes，“but in the opportunity for further discovery that it opens up.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。Alan Cowen的团队进行的一项新的研究发现，在不同的文化背景和社会环境中，人们会表现出普遍的面部表情。
9．What can we learn from the text
A．The study is opposite to Darwin’s theory.
B．People in different cultures show similar facial expressions.
C．The team conducted the study by downloading facial expressions.
D．Facial expressions and contexts were classified in the same experiment.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，不同文化背景的人会有相似的面部表情。故选B。
10．How did Alan Cowen’s team conduct the study
A．By using a learning machine.
B．By uploading videos to YouTube.
C．By analyzing facial expressions.
D．By using emotion labels.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“For the new study，Alan Cowen’s team used...to systematically analyze facial expressions in thousands of different contexts.”可知，Alan Cowen团队通过分析面部表情进行这项研究。故选C。
11．What can we infer from Dacher Keltner’s words
A．Social success is dependent on facial expressions.
B．Facial expressions have constantly changed over time.
C．Social skills reflect the ability of one’s expression management.
D．Facial expressions play a vital role in humans’ development.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段末句可推知，面部表情在人类的发展过程中起着至关重要的作用。故选D。
12．What is Lisa Barrett’s attitude towards the study
A．Objective. B．Ambiguous.
C．Critical. D．Contradictory.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据最后两段，尤其是最后一段最后一句可知，她既指出了这项研究的不足之处，又肯定了它的意义，所以，对于这项研究她是持客观态度的。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
By 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it. 1 After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，taking many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients. 2 A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bio-energy，and produce “new water”that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
3 This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and medium-sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks(化粪池) that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is aesthetically(美学地) built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.
The energy produced saved families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project. 4 A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of the constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 200 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water. 5
A．This can provide ready access to clean water.
B．But that is exactly what we do.
C．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
D．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
E．If collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water”，fertilizer，and energy.
F．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。废水中含有丰富的碳和营养物质，如果收集和处理得当，它可以提供“新的水”、肥料和能源。
1．答案 B
解析 根据上文“在水资源日益短缺的世界上，各国都浪费不起水资源”，下文“在我们的家庭和企业使用水之后，它被冲走了，带走了许多宝贵的资源”可知，B项(但这正是我们所做的)能够承接上下文，符合语境。故选B。
2．答案 E
解析 根据上文“废水中含有丰富的碳和营养物质”可知，E项(如果收集和处理得当，它可以提供“新的水”、肥料和能源)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
3．答案 G
解析 根据下文“这仍然比小城市的情况要好”可知，此处应是在介绍大城市的情况，G项(虽然大城市的废水处理系统是有效的，但是整个过程通常花费很多)符合语境。故选G。
4．答案 C
解析 根据下文“一组科学家一直在研究人工湿地环境的潜力”可知，C项(人工湿地环境已经在小规模的实践中得到应用)符合语境，其中constructed wetland environment是对应词组。故选C。
5．答案 F
解析 根据上文“在分析了200多个国家的800个生物质样本后，他们发现，根据气候和这种类型的湿地建设中使用的植物类型，多达45公顷的土地可以用废水灌溉”可知，F项(这将减少灌溉所需的淡水和抽水所需的能源)符合语境，其中irrigation对应原文中的irrigated。故选F。必修第二册 Unit 3 The Internet
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For recreation league athletes，there’s nothing worse than when one of your teammates drops out at the last minute.When a recreation league ice hockey(冰上曲棍球) team in Edmonton needed a goalie(守门员)，they got a save from an unlikely hero.
Nelson Rego，who is 100% blind，plays blind ice hockey for the Edmonton “SeeHawks”and accidentally met another goalie，John Hunter，who was inquiring online about a chest protector.Later Hunter got injured，and trying to help his team find a goalie for a league game，he reached out on the Edmonton Goalies Facebook page.
“Nelson calls me，and he starts out with，‘Hey，how’s the chest protector going？’”Hunter later shared about the remarkable story.“Then Nelson continues，‘By the way，I’m not sure if this is a good idea but I’ve learned that you’re looking for a goalie substitute for your league game tonight.What do you think about me playing？’”
The team was “all in”，so Rego got ready for his first-ever sighted league match.
According to the players，they didn’t tell the referee until the puck(冰球) drop that their goalie was blind—information with which he didn’t really know what to do.
In an interview with CTV Edmonton，Rego explains he keeps himself centered in the goal by measuring the distance between the posts with his stick and his glove.After he uses sound to key into where the puck is and if it’s being challenged，all the while he follows verbal instructions from his loving wife Emelinda，in the stands telling the action.
The game was by no means a washout for Rego，because even though Rego’s team lost，he hung in there and earned the respect and admiration of the team.
This remarkable night is just one step in Rego’s hockey career and he wants to go further.Rego says，“If it’s something you want to do，just do it.It’s amazing to watch hockey，but it’s even better to play it.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位盲人冰上曲棍球守门员争取到机会与有正常视力的队友进行了一场比赛的故事。
1．Why did Nelson Rego make a call to John Hunter
A．To apply to be a goalie substitute.
B．To send him a nice chest protector.
C．To invite him to an ice hockey game.
D．To ask him to look for a sighted goalie.
2．What does Nelson Rego mainly explain in paragraph 6
A．His wife’s devotion to his job.
B．How he plays as a blind goalie.
C．His deep love for ice hockey.
D．Why he dropped a puck in a game.
3．What does the underlined word “washout”in paragraph 7 probably mean
A．Gift. B．Fight.
C．Change. D．Failure.
4．Which of the following can best describe Nelson Rego
A．Helpful and modest.
B．Polite and generous.
C．Ambitious and active.
D．Talented and hardworking.
B
Studying the DNA of 300 mice has flagged up(引起对……的关注) genes which have been linked to hereditary(遗传的) sight loss for the first time.Researchers say because mice’s genes are so similar to humans’，their findings could lead to the treatment of more genetic diseases.
Scientists at the University of California，Davis studied information from a data bank of mice’s genetic material.They found 347 genes linked to eye problems，with just 86 of them having been studied in the past.
Only around 50 to 75 percent of hereditary eye diseases in human can be explained with present science.The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be a key to explaining—and therefore being able to treat the other 25－50 percent.
“This is extremely valuable for people with hereditary eye disease，”said researcher Professor Ala Moshiri.“All researchers are going to start using these data.In the past，we knew the problem was there but we didn’t know where to look.Now eye centers can call back patients and screen them for these new genes.We expected that more and more of these genetic diseases will be treatable.”Also，the fact is that more than 60 percent of eye problems at birth are ones resulting from the baby’s parents!
Thanks to data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium(IMPC)，which is trying to work out what every single gene in a mouse is responsible for，with the aim of translating it to humans，scientists are moving closer to figuring out all genetic causes of blindness.To do this，scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has on the mouse for a long time.This has so far been done more than 7,000 times and has achieved great success.Researchers are now working alongside eye care centers in Texas and Iowa in order to compare the mice’s genes to those of patients.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。加州大学戴维斯分校的科学家们研究发现：在老鼠身上发现的数百种新基因可能是解释人类遗传性眼部疾病的关键。
5．How many hereditary-sight-loss-related genes were newly found
A．86. B．261.
C．300. D．347.
6．Why is the percentage of genetic eye problems mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To show the significance of studying mice’s genes.
B．To prove mice’s genes are similar to humans’．
C．To warn the high risk level of suffering them.
D．To explain how common they are among people.
7．What should scientists do first to unlock secrets of genetic blindness
A．Compare humans’ genes with mice’s.
B．Recognize each gene’s role of humans.
C．Set apart a gene of a mouse each time.
D．Figure out each gene’s function of a mouse.
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．New Ways to Cure Sight Loss
B．Genetic Diseases Discovered in Mice
C．Genes Found Behind Eye Problems
D．Humans’ Genes Causing Eye Diseases
C
(2023·山西长治联考)
Humans are emotional beings，showing feelings in our behavior and facial expressions.But whether these mean the same thing in different cultures has been hotly debated.Now a new study has found that in different social contexts，such as weddings，funerals and sports，people indeed show universal facial expressions.
For the new study，Alan Cowen’s team used a machine learning model，Deep Neural Network(DNN)，to systematically analyze facial expressions in thousands of different contexts.These contexts come from more than six million videos uploaded to YouTube by people in 144 countries.
Facial expressions were rated by English speakers in India by selecting applicable emotions from a list of 31 labels，resulting in a total of 16 distinct facial expressions.Meanwhile，contexts were classified in a separate experiment.The results showed that people from different cultures share about 70% of the facial expressions used in response to different social and emotional situations.
“This supports Darwin’s theory that expressing emotions in our faces is universal among humans，”the study co-lead author Dacher Keltner said.“The physical display of our emotions may define who we are as a species，enhancing our communication and cooperation skills and ensuring our survival.”
However，Lisa Barrett，from the Northeastern University College of Science notes that the English speakers in India were given the emotional word ratings rather than labeling the expressions themselves.They used emotion labels such as “anger”“fear”and “sadness”instead of descriptive terms，thereby inferring the emotions behind the expressions.
She further comments that the raters(评定者) saw the faces in contexts which can’t necessarily be separated from the emotions themselves，and that the key point is that the raters are from just one country.“The ultimate value of Cowen and his colleagues’ study might lie not in the answers it provides，”she concludes，“but in the opportunity for further discovery that it opens up.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。Alan Cowen的团队进行的一项新的研究发现，在不同的文化背景和社会环境中，人们会表现出普遍的面部表情。
9．What can we learn from the text
A．The study is opposite to Darwin’s theory.
B．People in different cultures show similar facial expressions.
C．The team conducted the study by downloading facial expressions.
D．Facial expressions and contexts were classified in the same experiment.
10．How did Alan Cowen’s team conduct the study
A．By using a learning machine.
B．By uploading videos to YouTube.
C．By analyzing facial expressions.
D．By using emotion labels.
11．What can we infer from Dacher Keltner’s words
A．Social success is dependent on facial expressions.
B．Facial expressions have constantly changed over time.
C．Social skills reflect the ability of one’s expression management.
D．Facial expressions play a vital role in humans’ development.
12．What is Lisa Barrett’s attitude towards the study
A．Objective. B．Ambiguous.
C．Critical. D．Contradictory.
Ⅱ.七选五
By 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it. 1 After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，taking many valuable resources with it.
Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients. 2 A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bio-energy，and produce “new water”that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it.
3 This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and medium-sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks(化粪池) that lack regular and proper maintenance.
Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is aesthetically(美学地) built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.
The energy produced saved families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project. 4 A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of the constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 200 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water. 5
A．This can provide ready access to clean water.
B．But that is exactly what we do.
C．A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.
D．There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.
E．If collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water”，fertilizer，and energy.
F．This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.
G．Although waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。废水中含有丰富的碳和营养物质，如果收集和处理得当，它可以提供“新的水”、肥料和能源。
