选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Marissa Sumathipala，a student at Broad Run High School outside of Washington，D.C.，was practicing with her recreational figure skating team when she crashed with another skater.Her head hit against the ice heavily.Everything went black.
Up to that point，Sumathipala’s entire life had centred around her sport—her daily schedule，exercise routine，even her diet.She had hopes of making the 2018 Olympic team.The fall on the ice would change everything，including her direction.
Sumathipala had a brain injury and it ended her skating career.Symptoms lasted for years.Her memory felt unclear at times.She’d find herself dizzy，sick，or exhausted.Sumathipala consulted doctors，so many that she “lost count”. But no one had answers.
Sumathipala began to realize that there was so much unknown about the brain.She set out to find the answers herself，a path that would eventually bring her to Harvard University，where she’d concentrate on the human brain.Throughout her four years，Sumathipala homed in on brain science.She worked with the McCarroll Lab at Harvard Medical School，helping develop a new method for sequencing synapses(神经突序列) in the brain，which are crucial for memory and learning.Even as an undergraduate，her colleagues were so struck by how mature her thinking already was about science that she quickly became a trusted and valued member of the lab.
Also，Sumathipala competed with the Harvard Figure Skating Club all four years.She helped increase its membership and introduced new skaters to the sport she still loves.“I spent a long time struggling with my identity，”she said.“Growing up I was just a skater and then，when I got injured，I had to rebuild my identity.Then I was a scientist.Now，I identify as being both a skater and a scientist.”
Reflecting on her years at Harvard，Sumathipala said one of the things she’s most grateful for is seeing how things have come full circle for her.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛丽莎·苏马蒂帕拉因脑部受伤，导致记忆受损，被迫放弃滑冰转而专注于人脑研究，在科学领域有所建树的同时又致力于滑冰事业的故事。
1．What do we know about Sumathipala’s injury
A．It stopped her skating eventually.
B．It led to her loss of eyesight.
C．It changed her life direction.
D．It was easily cured by doctors.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The fall on the ice would change everything，including her direction.”可知，苏马蒂帕拉的受伤改变了她的人生方向。故选C。
2．In what way did Sumathipala think she could find the answer to her disease
A．Turning to doctors.
B．Going on practicing.
C．Rebuilding her identity.
D．Doing research on brain herself.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段前三句可知，她认为专注于人脑研究会帮助她找到答案。故选D。
3．What does the underlined phrase “homed in on”in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Focused on. B．Returned to.
C．Attended to. D．Stayed at.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“bring her to Harvard University，where she’d concentrate on the human brain”可知，苏马蒂帕拉在哈佛大学就读期间专注于人脑研究。由此可推知，画线短语词义与focus on接近，意为“专注于”。故选A。
4．What made things come full circle for Sumathipala
A．Deep love for figure skating.
B．Her determination to achieve life goals.
C．The praise from her lab colleagues.
D．Good relationship with new skaters.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据倒数第二段中的“Growing up I was just a skater and then，when I got injured，I had to rebuild my identity.Then I was a scientist.Now，I identify as being both a skater and a scientist.”可推知，事情回到原点是因为她拥有坚定的实现目标的决心。故选B。
B
(2023·湖北八校联考)
You may never know why the email will arrive and reasons offered for your rejection might be the real ones—or not.Bosses have always spied on their employees，then judged them.Now the rise of the online self means the employer’s eye can travel still farther.
Even before the pandemic，research found that 28% of large companies had turned down applicants after carrying out such checks.And it is becoming more popular: Reed Screening，a large agency，was asked to run over a third more social media checks in December this year than a year earlier.This month the government gave the practice approval when the Department for Education said schools and colleges “should consider carrying out an online search as part of their due diligence(尽职调查)”．
The way screening works is simple: Any “problematic”behaviours will be marked with a red flag.There are laws governing such online screening.David Erdos，head of the Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Law，says that companies are supposed to warn candidates before screening their social media and tell them that they have the right to hold back permission.Some companies follow these rules，but others may not.As for the right to refuse，it is hardly practicable.“Who on earth is...going to be that person who says，‘Hang on a minute.I’m not happy about that？’”asks Mr Erdos.“That itself is likely to be a red flag.”
All agree that the spread of online screening is alarming，as it is so unforgiving.People may be unable ever to be free of their online past，says Mr Erdos.As indeed some footballers，recently punished for comments made almost a decade ago when they were but teenagers，have found to their cost.
Those within the industry think laws should be tightened，with punishment for illegal act.In the meantime，being very careful is advisable.In talks to university students，Mr Erdos warns them what companies will do to their social media when they apply for jobs.“They are universally terrified，”he says.And rightly.
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。
5．What can we know about online screening from paragraph 2
A．It is turned down by large companies.
B．It boosts the development of education.
C．It is becoming increasingly acceptable.
D．It highlights the wisdom of employers.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容尤其是第二句可知，在线筛查正越来越被接受。故选C。
6．What do applicants tend to do with online screening
A．They reject the red flags.
B．They have to submit to it.
C．They will charge the company.
D．They postpone carrying it out.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As for the right to refuse，it is hardly practicable...‘That itself is likely to be a red flag.’”可推知，求职者面对在线筛查最后只能屈服。故选B。
7．What is Mr Erdos’ opinion on posting comments online
A．Companies are tolerant of it.
B．Its influence is hard to erase.
C．It should be under strict laws.
D．University students are free to do it.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“People may be unable ever to be free of their online past...have found to their cost.”可知，已经有足球运动员为十年前的网络言论付出了代价，由此可推断，网络言论带来的影响力很难消除。故选B。
8．What could be a suitable title for the text
A．Big Employer Is Watching You
B．Fix Your Eyes on Online Screening
C．Social media Checks Are Around the Corner
D．Checks Online Are to Blame for Unemployment
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段及全文可知，文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。所以A项(大雇主在监视着你)作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Whether it is a relaxing walk or a power one，taking a walk usually only lasts a small duration of time.This was not the 1 for Tom Turcich，though.
On April 2,2015，Tom decided to walk around the world by himself.It wasn’t a 2 thought.His childhood friend died 3 at the age of 17 due to a jet ski accident. 4 by how short life was，he was fueled by a strong 5 to live every day to its fullest.
Tom’s walk 6 as a lone journey.But quickly，he found himself missing 7 on the road.And so，while making a stop in Austin，Texas，he 8 Savannah，a rescue puppy.Since then，the pair have been making their way across borders，continents and seas， 9 25,000 miles in all.
Traveling always has some ups and downs.Tom 10 numerous unexpected delays along the way.He was 11 due to severe weather in Panama and became very ill in Scotland.Also，he had no 12 but to wait out pandemic lock downs in many countries.But on the 13 side，he met many kind people and 14 the beauty of nature in different parts of the world.
Tom 15 something few people have succeeded in，which he believes helped him gain a much larger understanding of the world.
1．A.case B．routine
C．reason D．intention
答案 A
解析 根据上文“Whether it is a relaxing walk or a power one，taking a walk usually only lasts a small duration of time.”以及下文though可知，汤姆·图里奇的情况并非如此。this is/was not the case for sb意为“对某人来说并非如此”。故选A。
2．A.novel B．wise
C．sudden D．simple
答案 C
解析 novel新颖的；wise聪明的；sudden 突然的；simple简单的。根据下文“His childhood friend died...to live every day to its fullest.”可知，这不是一个突然的想法。故选C。
3．A.instantly B．unexpectedly
C．eventually D．undoubtedly
答案 B
解析 instantly立即地；unexpectedly没有预料到地；eventually最终地；undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据下文“due to a jet ski accident”可知，作者儿时的朋友在17岁时意外死亡。故选B。
4．A.Torn B．Struck
C．Impressed D．Inspired
答案 B
解析 tear撕裂；strike撞击，打击；impress使印象深刻； inspire鼓励。根据上文“His childhood friend died at the age of 17 due to a jet ski accident.”可知，作者深受触动。故选B。
5．A.enthusiasm B．curiosity
C．pride D．desire
答案 D
解析 enthusiasm热情；curiosity好奇心；pride自豪；desire愿望，渴望。根据上文“how short life was”以及空后“to live every day to its fullest”可知，他强烈渴望充实地过好每一天。故选D。
6．A.started B．progressed
C．proved D．remained
答案 A
解析 start开始；progress前进，进步；prove证明是；remain仍然是。根据空后“as a lone journey”和后文的“But quickly...”以及“Since then，the pair...”可知，汤姆的步行一开始是一段孤独的旅程。故选A。
7．A.neighborhood B．childhood
C．companionship D．citizenship
答案 C
解析 neighborhood邻居；childhood童年；companionship 陪伴；citizenship公民身份。根据上文可知汤姆的步行一开始是独自一人的旅程。再根据“But quickly”可知，此句有转折意义，结合下文他收养了一只小狗，说明汤姆需要陪伴。故选C。
8．A.delivered B．spotted
C．saved D．adopted
答案 D
解析 deliver交付；spot发现；save拯救；adopt采纳，收养。根据下文“a rescue puppy”以及“Since then，the pair have been making their way”可知，他收养了一只狗。故选D。
9．A.covering B．measuring
C．occupying D．equaling
答案 A
解析 cover行走(一段路程)；measure测量；occupy占据；equal等于。根据空后“25,000 miles in all”可知，他们总共走了25 000英里。故选A。
10．A.anticipated B．encountered
C．tolerated D．ignored
答案 B
解析 anticipate预料；encounter偶遇；tolerate忍受；ignore忽略。根据下文“He was due to severe weather in Panama and became very ill in Scotland.”可知，汤姆一路上遇到许多意想不到的耽搁。故选B。
11．A.blown away B．carried away
C．backed up D．held up
答案 D
解析 blow away吹走；carry away拿走，带走；back up支持；hold up耽搁，举起。根据上文“unexpected delays”以及下文“became very ill in Scotland”可知，他被耽搁了。故选D。
12．A.responsibility B．right
C．alternative D．opportunity
答案 C
解析 responsibility责任；right权利；alternative可供选择的事物；opportunity机会。根据空后“but to wait out pandemic lock downs”可知，他别无选择，只能等待疫情封锁结束。故选C。
13．A.rough B．invisible
C．moral D．bright
答案 D
解析 rough粗糙的；invisible看不见的；moral道德的；bright明亮的，有希望的。根据下文“he met many kind people”可知，但好的一面是，他遇到了许多善良的人。故选D。
14．A.appreciated B．missed
C．recalled D．preserved
答案 A
解析 appreciate欣赏；miss错过；recall回想起；preserve保存。根据空后“the beauty of nature in different parts of the world”可知，汤姆欣赏了世界各地的自然美景。故选A。
15．A.discovered B．challenged
C．profiled D．renewed
答案 B
解析 discover发现；challenge挑战；profile概述，扼要介绍；renew更新。根据空后“something few people have succeeded in”可知，汤姆挑战了一件很少有人成功的事情。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.The Spring Equinox(春分)，as the fourth term of the year，starts on March 20 1. ends on April 3 this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal 2. (long) of the day and night time.The day of the Spring Equinox is 3. the sun is directly above the equator.After the equinox，the sun moves northwards，resulting in 4. (gradual) longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox.It is an old custom that 5. (date) back to 4,000 years ago.People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring.It 6. (believe) that if someone can make the egg stand，he will have good luck in the future.
The Spring Equinox is 7. good time to fly kites.In ancient times，people did not have good medical resources.So 8. (pray) for good health，they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite.When the kite was 9. the air，people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away,10. (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.
1．答案 and
解析 考查连词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用and连接两个并列谓语。故填and。
2．答案 length
解析 考查名词。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。
3．答案 when
解析 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。
4．答案 gradually
解析 考查副词。修饰形容词longer应用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。
5．答案 dates
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知空处为一般现在时，定语从句中关系代词that指代先行词an old custom，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
6．答案 is believed
解析 考查固定句型。表示“人们相信……”句型为It is believed that...。故填is believed。
7．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。time表示“时节”，此处表泛指，且good是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
8．答案 to pray
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pray在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填to pray。
9．答案 in
解析 考查介词。表示“在空中”短语为in the air。故填in。
10．答案 symbolizing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，symbolize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Marissa Sumathipala，a student at Broad Run High School outside of Washington，D.C.，was practicing with her recreational figure skating team when she crashed with another skater.Her head hit against the ice heavily.Everything went black.
Up to that point，Sumathipala’s entire life had centred around her sport—her daily schedule，exercise routine，even her diet.She had hopes of making the 2018 Olympic team.The fall on the ice would change everything，including her direction.
Sumathipala had a brain injury and it ended her skating career.Symptoms lasted for years.Her memory felt unclear at times.She’d find herself dizzy，sick，or exhausted.Sumathipala consulted doctors，so many that she “lost count”. But no one had answers.
Sumathipala began to realize that there was so much unknown about the brain.She set out to find the answers herself，a path that would eventually bring her to Harvard University，where she’d concentrate on the human brain.Throughout her four years，Sumathipala homed in on brain science.She worked with the McCarroll Lab at Harvard Medical School，helping develop a new method for sequencing synapses(神经突序列) in the brain，which are crucial for memory and learning.Even as an undergraduate，her colleagues were so struck by how mature her thinking already was about science that she quickly became a trusted and valued member of the lab.
Also，Sumathipala competed with the Harvard Figure Skating Club all four years.She helped increase its membership and introduced new skaters to the sport she still loves.“I spent a long time struggling with my identity，”she said.“Growing up I was just a skater and then，when I got injured，I had to rebuild my identity.Then I was a scientist.Now，I identify as being both a skater and a scientist.”
Reflecting on her years at Harvard，Sumathipala said one of the things she’s most grateful for is seeing how things have come full circle for her.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛丽莎·苏马蒂帕拉因脑部受伤，导致记忆受损，被迫放弃滑冰转而专注于人脑研究，在科学领域有所建树的同时又致力于滑冰事业的故事。
1．What do we know about Sumathipala’s injury
A．It stopped her skating eventually.
B．It led to her loss of eyesight.
C．It changed her life direction.
D．It was easily cured by doctors.
2．In what way did Sumathipala think she could find the answer to her disease
A．Turning to doctors.
B．Going on practicing.
C．Rebuilding her identity.
D．Doing research on brain herself.
3．What does the underlined phrase “homed in on”in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Focused on. B．Returned to.
C．Attended to. D．Stayed at.
4．What made things come full circle for Sumathipala
A．Deep love for figure skating.
B．Her determination to achieve life goals.
C．The praise from her lab colleagues.
D．Good relationship with new skaters.
B
(2023·湖北八校联考)
You may never know why the email will arrive and reasons offered for your rejection might be the real ones—or not.Bosses have always spied on their employees，then judged them.Now the rise of the online self means the employer’s eye can travel still farther.
Even before the pandemic，research found that 28% of large companies had turned down applicants after carrying out such checks.And it is becoming more popular: Reed Screening，a large agency，was asked to run over a third more social media checks in December this year than a year earlier.This month the government gave the practice approval when the Department for Education said schools and colleges “should consider carrying out an online search as part of their due diligence(尽职调查)”．
The way screening works is simple: Any “problematic”behaviours will be marked with a red flag.There are laws governing such online screening.David Erdos，head of the Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Law，says that companies are supposed to warn candidates before screening their social media and tell them that they have the right to hold back permission.Some companies follow these rules，but others may not.As for the right to refuse，it is hardly practicable.“Who on earth is...going to be that person who says，‘Hang on a minute.I’m not happy about that？’”asks Mr Erdos.“That itself is likely to be a red flag.”
All agree that the spread of online screening is alarming，as it is so unforgiving.People may be unable ever to be free of their online past，says Mr Erdos.As indeed some footballers，recently punished for comments made almost a decade ago when they were but teenagers，have found to their cost.
Those within the industry think laws should be tightened，with punishment for illegal act.In the meantime，being very careful is advisable.In talks to university students，Mr Erdos warns them what companies will do to their social media when they apply for jobs.“They are universally terrified，”he says.And rightly.
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在网络的帮助下，雇主可以更为广泛地监控和评价求职者。
5．What can we know about online screening from paragraph 2
A．It is turned down by large companies.
B．It boosts the development of education.
C．It is becoming increasingly acceptable.
D．It highlights the wisdom of employers.
6．What do applicants tend to do with online screening
A．They reject the red flags.
B．They have to submit to it.
C．They will charge the company.
D．They postpone carrying it out.
7．What is Mr Erdos’ opinion on posting comments online
A．Companies are tolerant of it.
B．Its influence is hard to erase.
C．It should be under strict laws.
D．University students are free to do it.
8．What could be a suitable title for the text
A．Big Employer Is Watching You
B．Fix Your Eyes on Online Screening
C．Social media Checks Are Around the Corner
D．Checks Online Are to Blame for Unemployment
Ⅱ.完形填空
Whether it is a relaxing walk or a power one，taking a walk usually only lasts a small duration of time.This was not the 1 for Tom Turcich，though.
On April 2,2015，Tom decided to walk around the world by himself.It wasn’t a 2 thought.His childhood friend died 3 at the age of 17 due to a jet ski accident. 4 by how short life was，he was fueled by a strong 5 to live every day to its fullest.
Tom’s walk 6 as a lone journey.But quickly，he found himself missing 7 on the road.And so，while making a stop in Austin，Texas，he 8 Savannah，a rescue puppy.Since then，the pair have been making their way across borders，continents and seas， 9 25,000 miles in all.
Traveling always has some ups and downs.Tom 10 numerous unexpected delays along the way.He was 11 due to severe weather in Panama and became very ill in Scotland.Also，he had no 12 but to wait out pandemic lock downs in many countries.But on the 13 side，he met many kind people and 14 the beauty of nature in different parts of the world.
Tom 15 something few people have succeeded in，which he believes helped him gain a much larger understanding of the world.
1．A.case B．routine
C．reason D．intention
2．A.novel B．wise
C．sudden D．simple
3．A.instantly B．unexpectedly
C．eventually D．undoubtedly
4．A.Torn B．Struck
C．Impressed D．Inspired
5．A.enthusiasm B．curiosity
C．pride D．desire
6．A.started B．progressed
C．proved D．remained
7．A.neighborhood B．childhood
C．companionship D．citizenship
8．A.delivered B．spotted
C．saved D．adopted
9．A.covering B．measuring
C．occupying D．equaling
10．A.anticipated B．encountered
C．tolerated D．ignored
11．A.blown away B．carried away
C．backed up D．held up
12．A.responsibility B．right
C．alternative D．opportunity
13．A.rough B．invisible
C．moral D．bright
14．A.appreciated B．missed
C．recalled D．preserved
15．A.discovered B．challenged
C．profiled D．renewed
Ⅲ.语法填空
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.The Spring Equinox(春分)，as the fourth term of the year，starts on March 20 1. ends on April 3 this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal 2. (long) of the day and night time.The day of the Spring Equinox is 3. the sun is directly above the equator.After the equinox，the sun moves northwards，resulting in 4. (gradual) longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox.It is an old custom that 5. (date) back to 4,000 years ago.People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring.It 6. (believe) that if someone can make the egg stand，he will have good luck in the future.
The Spring Equinox is 7. good time to fly kites.In ancient times，people did not have good medical resources.So 8. (pray) for good health，they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite.When the kite was 9. the air，people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away,10. (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.
