选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Narayanswami was invited to a dinner by a friend who worked at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory，she was excited.Many of the guests flew planes.“I must have expressed some yearning(渴望)，” she says，because someone told her “You should join the flying club！” The next day Narayanswami，who was 57 at the time，arranged to meet an instructor.“I said ‘Aren’t I too old？’ He said ‘We’ve got students in their 80s.’”
Narayanswami grew up in Southwest London，and at grammar school suffered horrific racist bullying.The library provided shelter.But，as she reached her late teens，she felt family pressure for an arranged marriage; “I really protested，” she says.“But I want to be an astronaut! My mother made a promise：As long as you are getting an education，we will not look for a husband for you.”
Narayanswami studied biology at Leicester University，then did a PhD at St Andrew，followed by postdoctoral research at the University of California.“Every time you move，you get further away，” her dad remarked on the phone.“I didn’t feel I would be able to escape unless I did that，” she says.
In 2020，aged 64，Narayanswami finished 423 light hours she needed to earn her pilot’s license.Then she applied to Nasa’s astronaut corps，but received a very appreciative rejection.Even now，at 66，she says “I haven’t been able to figure out how to deal with it.It doesn’t go away.” The racist bullying she received as a child has cast a very long shadow.
Flying has helped.It is a workout: she has to tow the plane out to the taxiway.And it offers a different perspective.“I can see eagles，bears，mountain lions，birds of prey.I love the beauty of the clouds.They are like hills.Vaster than our hills，” she says.
New possibilities have arisen—Narayanswami chairs the board of the General Aviation Awards in the US—but she finds relaxing difficult.In flight，she is “part of a huge network of people who are communicating by radio frequency.There is no sense of skin colour.We are all tied together by our voices.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了纳拉扬斯瓦米从57岁开始学习飞行的故事。
1．How did the instructor’s words sound to Narayanswami
A．Disappointing. B．Embarrassing.
C．Annoying. D．Encouraging.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The next day Narayanswami，who was 57 at the time，arranged to meet an instructor...got students in their 80s.”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米原本担心自己的年龄太大了，但教练说的话使她受到了鼓舞，故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Accepting an arranged marriage.
B．Receiving an education.
C．Keeping a distance.
D．Making a promise.
答案 B
解析 代词指代题。根据第二段中“My mother made a promise：As long as you are getting an education，we will not look for a husband for you.”及第三段中“Narayanswami studied biology ...at the University of California.”可知，此处that指代上文中提到的接受教育，故选B。
3．What does Narayanswami think of Nasa’s rejection
A．It indicates prejudice against her.
B．It ruins her childhood memory.
C．It raises concern for her age.
D．It leaves room for negotiation.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Even now，at 66...The racist bullying she received as a child has cast a very long shadow.”可知，纳拉扬斯瓦米认为美国宇航局的拒绝是出于对她的偏见，故选A。
4．What does flying bring to Narayanswami
A．A good way of relaxation.
B．A different dimension of life.
C．A rich knowledge of wildlife.
D．A full exhibition of leadership.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中“And it offers a different perspective.‘I can see eagles，bears，mountain lions，birds of prey.I love the beauty of the clouds.They are like hills.Vaster than our hills，’ she says.”可知，飞行给她带来了生活的另一种维度，故选B。
B
Although it is a business not many are aware of，sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade.These four- or six-wheeled autonomous machines，usually the size of a suitcase，are already delivering groceries in America，China and Europe，which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.
Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation.This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem，which is hardly labour-saving.For these larger vehicles，regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved.In January 2022，Britain’s Law Commission，which reviews lawmaking，recommended that it should not be the person in the driver’s seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes，but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.
However，sidewalk robots are getting on with the job.For example，Starship Technologies，based in San Francisco，estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities，universities and business parks in Europe and America.Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine.Kiwibot，a Colombian startup，is making sidewalk deliveries in California.Udelv，a Californian firm，is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.
Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors，including cameras，radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and people.Their progress can be monitored on a phone app，which also unlocks them for goods to be removed.As they are small，move slowly and are “telemonitored” by people in a control room who can take over，authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.
Such robots are becoming more autonomous.Being much further along the road in earning their keep，these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。人行道机器人已经在美国、中国和欧洲运送食品杂货，这使它们领先于许多正在研发的无人驾驶汽车和卡车。
5．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Problems caused by autonomous cars.
B．Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.
C．Challenges faced by large driverless vehicles.
D．The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。通读第二段尤其是第一句可知，第二段主要讲的是大型无人驾驶汽车面临的挑战。故选C。
6．Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3
A．To prove the safety of autonomous machines.
B．To present the development of sidewalk robots.
C．To encourage the public to create more robots.
D．To show the advantages of self-driving technology.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。通读第三段尤其是第一句可知，作者给出一些例子是为了具体描述人行道机器人的发展情况。故选B。
7．What can we know about sidewalk robots
A．They are environmentally friendly.
B．They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.
C．They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.
D．They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Their progress can be monitored on a phone app，which also unlocks them for goods to be removed.”可知，人行道机器人使人们很容易跟踪送货过程。故选D。
8．Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A．Sports and music.
B．Business and culture.
C．Science and technology.
D．Nature and geography.
答案 C
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段内容再结合文章介绍了大型无人驾驶汽车面临的挑战以及人行道机器人的发展可推知，文章可能选自杂志的“科学与技术”版面。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a boy，we lived right next to a forest.I spent a lot of time 1 alone.I would spend hours every day playing in the 2 with the oak trees(橡树)．
That was why it was so hard for me 3 I worked in a lumber mill(木材厂) as a young man.It wasn’t just the 4 work and the low pay.It was also seeing day after day beautiful oak trees being 5 and made into flooring(地板)．I thought they looked more 6 as living trees reaching up to the sky than as dead flooring lying under my feet.
One afternoon after a long day’s work，I was feeling particularly 7 ，thinking I should be out somewhere.I then decided to take a 8 in the forest in the hope of lifting my spirits.As I walked along with my aching body I longed for those 9 days again.Suddenly，I saw a single acorn(橡子) that had somehow 10 the hungry squirrels all winter long.A 11 flashed through my mind，“Eventually an acorn becomes a forest！”I smiled，bent down，dug up a handful of dirt，and 12 that little acorn.My heart was filled with joy.
In this life we all start out as an acorn，but whether we 13 a forest or not is up to us.We have the 14 to grow，learn，laugh，love，smile...Don’t just be an acorn.Embrace this gift of life. 15 it to your everyday life to stretch your soul towards the sky and create a large forest of love.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者年幼的时候常常在森林里与橡树为伴，这使得他对橡树有一种特殊的感情。参加工作后的一天，作者心情沮丧，再次走进了森林。在那里，他看见了一颗幸存下来的生命力顽强的橡子，由此深受启发，内心充满了喜悦。
1．A.working B．playing
C．studying D．watching
答案 B
解析 根据下文“I would spend hours every day playing in the with the oak trees(橡树)．”可知，作者小时候经常独自“玩耍”。故选B。
2．A.mountain B．yard
C．forest D．park
答案 C
解析 根据上文“we lived right next to a forest”可知，作者住在一片森林旁边，因此他每天花好几个小时在“森林”里玩耍。故选C。
3．A.when B．until
C．if D．unless
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知，那就是“我”成年后在木材厂工作时感到如此艰难的原因。故选A。
4．A.unfair B．tiring
C．poor D．dangerous
答案 B
解析 根据下文中的“a long day’s work”和“As I walked along with my aching body”可推断，作者的工作很“令人疲惫”。故选B。
5．A.thrown away B．carried off
C．cut down D．turned over
答案 C
解析 根据空后的“and made into flooring(地板)”可知，此处是指美丽的橡树被“砍倒”，并被制成地板。throw away扔掉；carry off赢得，获得；cut down砍倒；turn over翻转。故选C。
6．A.available B．promising
C．lovely D．concrete
答案 C
解析 根据语境再结合常识可知，树木自由自在地伸向天空这种景象比被制成地板被人踩在脚下更“令人愉悦”。available可得到的；promising有前途的；lovely令人愉悦的；concrete有形的，具体的。故选C。
7．A.depressed B．amazed
C．ashamed D．frightened
答案 A
解析 根据空后的“thinking I should be out somewhere”及下文中的“in the hope of lifting my spirits”可知，在漫长的一天的工作之后，作者感到特别“沮丧”。故选A。
8．A.walk B．picture
C．lesson D．risk
答案 A
解析 根据下句中的“As I walked along with my aching body”可知，作者决定像小时候那样到森林里去“散步”。故选A。
9．A.school B．team
C．childhood D．farm
答案 C
解析 根据文章第一段可知，作者小时候经常在森林里玩耍。由此可推断作者怀念“童年”的日子。故选C。
10．A.survived B．attracted
C．surprised D．convinced
答案 A
解析 根据本空后的“the hungry squirrels all winter long”及常识可知，松鼠爱吃橡子，尤其在冬天，橡子更容易成为饥饿的松鼠的食物，然而，这颗橡子却被作者发现。因此，作者在此处强调橡子从松鼠口中“幸存”下来。故选A。
11．A.message B．sentence
C．letter D．story
答案 B
解析 本空后的“Eventually an acorn becomes a forest! ”是一句话，再结合选项可知，B项符合语境。
12．A.uncovered B．pocketed
C．planted D．swallowed
答案 C
解析 根据上句中的“Eventually an acorn becomes a forest！”及本空前的“dug up a handful of dirt”可知，作者应是弯下腰，挖出一抔泥土，并“种下了”那颗小橡子。故选C。
13．A.discover B．protect
C．search D．become
答案 D
解析 根据上文中的“Eventually an acorn becomes a forest！”可知，此处是作者的感悟：我们都是从一颗橡子开始的，但我们是否会“变成”森林取决于我们自己。故选D。
14．A.reason B．ability
C．courage D．chance
答案 B
解析 根据本空后的“to grow，learn，laugh，love，smile...”及下文中的“Embrace this gift of life.”可知，作者是在强调我们有“能力”成长、学习、欢笑、爱和微笑，这是我们的生命给予我们的礼物。故选B。
15．A.Leave B．Explain
C．Introduce D．Apply
答案 D
解析 根据上文“一颗橡子最终变成一片森林”可知，作者想说的是我们也要像橡子一样，把生命给予我们的这份礼物“运用到”日常生活中，以此创造一大片爱的森林。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·河北九师联盟联考)
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how 1. (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes 2. (fix) upon me. I had no 3. (choose) but to prepare for it, though.
First of all，I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer.But the hardest part 4. (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began 5. I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, 6. (deliver) my speech with difficulty. After 7. seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared.
Actually with my 8. (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way 9. success is our fear. Overcome it 10. we will be able to achieve our goals.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者九岁的时候在全班同学面前做的演讲，描述了当时的心情、动作以及对以后成长所起的积极作用。
1．答案 terribly
解析 考查词性转换。修饰形容词shy，应使用副词，故填 terribly。
2．答案 fixed
解析 考查with的复合结构。“with so many eyes (fix) upon me”是with的复合结构作状语，fix sth.upon将某物集中在……，故可知fix与前面的so many eyes之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。
3．答案 choice
解析 考查词性转换。have no choice but...意为“别无选择，只得……”，故填choice。
4．答案 lay
解析 考查动词的时态。根据句意和上文“was once asked to deliver a speech”可知，这里使用一般过去时，且主语the hardest part与谓语动词lie之间是主动关系。
5．答案 when
解析 考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，“ I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank”是一个定语从句，修饰The real moment，从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句。
6．答案 delivering
解析 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是found，故deliver用非谓语动词形式，“ (deliver) my speech with difficulty”作状语，deliver与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动。
7．答案 what
解析 考查名词性从句。介词after后的名词性从句中缺少主语。
8．答案 confidence
解析 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后跟名词，故填confidence。
9．答案 to
解析 考查介词。on one’s way to...意思为“在某人去……的路上”，是固定搭配。
10．答案 and
解析 考查固定句型。句意为：克服它，我们就能实现我们的目标。此处是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When Narayanswami was invited to a dinner by a friend who worked at Nasa’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory，she was excited.Many of the guests flew planes.“I must have expressed some yearning(渴望)，” she says，because someone told her “You should join the flying club！” The next day Narayanswami，who was 57 at the time，arranged to meet an instructor.“I said ‘Aren’t I too old？’ He said ‘We’ve got students in their 80s.’”
Narayanswami grew up in Southwest London，and at grammar school suffered horrific racist bullying.The library provided shelter.But，as she reached her late teens，she felt family pressure for an arranged marriage; “I really protested，” she says.“But I want to be an astronaut! My mother made a promise：As long as you are getting an education，we will not look for a husband for you.”
Narayanswami studied biology at Leicester University，then did a PhD at St Andrew，followed by postdoctoral research at the University of California.“Every time you move，you get further away，” her dad remarked on the phone.“I didn’t feel I would be able to escape unless I did that，” she says.
In 2020，aged 64，Narayanswami finished 423 light hours she needed to earn her pilot’s license.Then she applied to Nasa’s astronaut corps，but received a very appreciative rejection.Even now，at 66，she says “I haven’t been able to figure out how to deal with it.It doesn’t go away.” The racist bullying she received as a child has cast a very long shadow.
Flying has helped.It is a workout: she has to tow the plane out to the taxiway.And it offers a different perspective.“I can see eagles，bears，mountain lions，birds of prey.I love the beauty of the clouds.They are like hills.Vaster than our hills，” she says.
New possibilities have arisen—Narayanswami chairs the board of the General Aviation Awards in the US—but she finds relaxing difficult.In flight，she is “part of a huge network of people who are communicating by radio frequency.There is no sense of skin colour.We are all tied together by our voices.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了纳拉扬斯瓦米从57岁开始学习飞行的故事。
1．How did the instructor’s words sound to Narayanswami
A．Disappointing. B．Embarrassing.
C．Annoying. D．Encouraging.
2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Accepting an arranged marriage.
B．Receiving an education.
C．Keeping a distance.
D．Making a promise.
3．What does Narayanswami think of Nasa’s rejection
A．It indicates prejudice against her.
B．It ruins her childhood memory.
C．It raises concern for her age.
D．It leaves room for negotiation.
4．What does flying bring to Narayanswami
A．A good way of relaxation.
B．A different dimension of life.
C．A rich knowledge of wildlife.
D．A full exhibition of leadership.
B
Although it is a business not many are aware of，sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade.These four- or six-wheeled autonomous machines，usually the size of a suitcase，are already delivering groceries in America，China and Europe，which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.
Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation.This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem，which is hardly labour-saving.For these larger vehicles，regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved.In January 2022，Britain’s Law Commission，which reviews lawmaking，recommended that it should not be the person in the driver’s seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes，but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.
However，sidewalk robots are getting on with the job.For example，Starship Technologies，based in San Francisco，estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities，universities and business parks in Europe and America.Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine.Kiwibot，a Colombian startup，is making sidewalk deliveries in California.Udelv，a Californian firm，is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.
Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors，including cameras，radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and people.Their progress can be monitored on a phone app，which also unlocks them for goods to be removed.As they are small，move slowly and are “telemonitored” by people in a control room who can take over，authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.
Such robots are becoming more autonomous.Being much further along the road in earning their keep，these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。人行道机器人已经在美国、中国和欧洲运送食品杂货，这使它们领先于许多正在研发的无人驾驶汽车和卡车。
5．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Problems caused by autonomous cars.
B．Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.
C．Challenges faced by large driverless vehicles.
D．The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.
6．Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3
A．To prove the safety of autonomous machines.
B．To present the development of sidewalk robots.
C．To encourage the public to create more robots.
D．To show the advantages of self-driving technology.
7．What can we know about sidewalk robots
A．They are environmentally friendly.
B．They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.
C．They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.
D．They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.
8．Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from
A．Sports and music.
B．Business and culture.
C．Science and technology.
D．Nature and geography.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a boy，we lived right next to a forest.I spent a lot of time 1 alone.I would spend hours every day playing in the 2 with the oak trees(橡树)．
That was why it was so hard for me 3 I worked in a lumber mill(木材厂) as a young man.It wasn’t just the 4 work and the low pay.It was also seeing day after day beautiful oak trees being 5 and made into flooring(地板)．I thought they looked more 6 as living trees reaching up to the sky than as dead flooring lying under my feet.
One afternoon after a long day’s work，I was feeling particularly 7 ，thinking I should be out somewhere.I then decided to take a 8 in the forest in the hope of lifting my spirits.As I walked along with my aching body I longed for those 9 days again.Suddenly，I saw a single acorn(橡子) that had somehow 10 the hungry squirrels all winter long.A 11 flashed through my mind，“Eventually an acorn becomes a forest！”I smiled，bent down，dug up a handful of dirt，and 12 that little acorn.My heart was filled with joy.
In this life we all start out as an acorn，but whether we 13 a forest or not is up to us.We have the 14 to grow，learn，laugh，love，smile...Don’t just be an acorn.Embrace this gift of life. 15 it to your everyday life to stretch your soul towards the sky and create a large forest of love.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者年幼的时候常常在森林里与橡树为伴，这使得他对橡树有一种特殊的感情。参加工作后的一天，作者心情沮丧，再次走进了森林。在那里，他看见了一颗幸存下来的生命力顽强的橡子，由此深受启发，内心充满了喜悦。
1．A.working B．playing
C．studying D．watching
2．A.mountain B．yard
C．forest D．park
3．A.when B．until
C．if D．unless
4．A.unfair B．tiring
C．poor D．dangerous
5．A.thrown away B．carried off
C．cut down D．turned over
6．A.available B．promising
C．lovely D．concrete
7．A.depressed B．amazed
C．ashamed D．frightened
8．A.walk B．picture
C．lesson D．risk
9．A.school B．team
C．childhood D．farm
10．A.survived B．attracted
C．surprised D．convinced
11．A.message B．sentence
C．letter D．story
12．A.uncovered B．pocketed
C．planted D．swallowed
13．A.discover B．protect
C．search D．become
14．A.reason B．ability
C．courage D．chance
15．A.Leave B．Explain
C．Introduce D．Apply
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·河北九师联盟联考)
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how 1. (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes 2. (fix) upon me. I had no 3. (choose) but to prepare for it, though.
First of all，I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer.But the hardest part 4. (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began 5. I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, 6. (deliver) my speech with difficulty. After 7. seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared.
Actually with my 8. (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way 9. success is our fear. Overcome it 10. we will be able to achieve our goals.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者九岁的时候在全班同学面前做的演讲，描述了当时的心情、动作以及对以后成长所起的积极作用。
