选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Are you a book lover？Here are some of the hottest books of the season.
The One Thing You’d Save
The One Thing You’d Save is about a homework assignment.Ms Chang has students choose what they’d save if their home was on fire.Some choose baseball cards or animal toys.One picks a sweater that was passed down for generations.Another chooses a box of memories about a sister who died.This book helps readers learn to figure out what counts most in life.
War and Millie McGonigle
It’s 1941.Millie McGonigle，a 12-year-old girl，was supposed to be living a carefree life.However，she lives in the shadow of World War Ⅱ.War and Millie McGonigle is an inspiring story that tackles the topic of life and death.The story line is driven by vivid characters and their relationships.The interaction between Millie and her little sister，Lily，mirrors the real-life sibling(兄弟姐妹) relationships in many families.
Simon B．Rhymin’
Simon is starting fifth grade and hopes to become a famous singer.But he’s shy about using his voice to express his ideas and thoughts.When a teacher asks the class to give an oral presentation，Simon must find the strength to change and overcome his fears.Simon B．Rhymin’ is a book that gives confidence to readers who are going through similar struggles.
Rez Dogs
Rez Dog is a book about an eighth grader named Malian.She’s visiting her grandparents on a Wabanaki reservation when COVID-19 hits.To stay safe，Malian has to stay away from school and her friends.Many kids will understand this tough situation.During the lockdown，Malian learns to think about what other people have gone through and how they are feeling during the pandemic(疫情)．
语篇解读 本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本当季最流行的书及它们的主要内容。
1．How can The One Thing You’d Save influence us
A．It gets us to preserve sweet family memories.
B．We may find it essential to ensure home safety.
C．We will try our best to improve our academic performance.
D．It reminds us to discover what we should treasure most in life.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据The One Thing You’d Save中“This book helps readers learn to figure out what counts most in life.”可知，这本书提醒我们去发现生活中最应该珍惜的东西。故选D。
2．What do War and Millie McGonigle and Simon B．Rhymin’ have in common
A．They are both inspirational stories.
B．They are both set in cruel war times.
C．They both reflect characters’ weaknesses.
D．They both involve principles of survival.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据War and Millie McGonigle中“War and Millie McGonigle is an inspiring story that tackles the topic of life and death.”及Simon B．Rhymin’中“Simon B．Rhymin’ is a book that gives confidence to readers who are going through similar struggles.”可知，这两本书的共同之处在于它们都是励志故事。故选A。
3．Which book helps us learn to relate to others
A．The One Thing You’d Save.
B．War and Millie McGonigle.
C．Simon B．Rhymin’．
D．Rez Dogs.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Rez Dogs中“Malian learns to think about what other people have gone through and how they are feeling during the pandemic(疫情)”可知，Rez Dogs帮助我们思考别人的感受。故选D。
B
(2023·山西百校联考)
This year researchers expect the world to snap 1.35 trillion photographs，or about 3.7 billion per day.All those pixels(像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or phones，which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud.But unlike a hard drive which can be encrypted(加密) to protect its data，cloud storage users have to trust that a tech platform will keep their private pictures safe.Now a team of Columbia University computer scientists have developed a tool to encrypt images stored on many popular cloud services while allowing authorized users to browse and display their photographs as usual.
Malicious(恶意的) attempts to access or leak cloud-based photographs can expose personal information.In November 2019，for example，a bug in the popular photograph storage app Google Photos mistakenly shared some users’ private videos with strangers.Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users’ images.
So the Columbia researchers came up with a system called Easy Secure Photos(ESP)，which they presented at a recent conference.“We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services，” says computer scientist Jason Nieh，one of the developers of ESP.“Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service.”
To overcome this problem，they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph.First，ESP’s algorithm(算法) divides a photograph into three separate files，each one containing the image’s red，green or blue color data.Then the system hides the pixel blocks around among these three files(allowing a block from the red file，for instance，to hide out in the green or blue ones)．But the program does nothing within the pixel blocks，where all the image processing happens.As a result，the files remain unchanged images but end up looking like grainy black-and-white ones to anyone who accesses them without the decryption(解密) key.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是哥伦比亚大学的研究人员开发了一个名为ESP的系统，可以对存储在云端上的图像进行加密，同时允许授权用户像往常一样浏览和显示他们的照片。
4．What’s probably the main purpose for people to store images in the cloud
A．To save storage room.
B．To make photos beautiful.
C．To try a new storage way.
D．To keep their privacy safe.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的“All those pixels(像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or phones，which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud.”可知，人们将照片存储在云端的主要目的是节省存储空间，故选A。
5．Why might employees in cloud storage companies be distrusted by experts
A．They sell users’ passwords.
B．They have invented new tools.
C．They often let out personal information.
D．They may steal a glance at users’ images.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users’ images.”可知，云存储公司的员工之所以不被专家信任，是因为他们可能会偷看用户的图片，故选D。
6．What’s the advantage of ESP
A．It can provide clear images.
B．It can decrease the upload time.
C．It can classify images automatically.
D．It can encrypt data on the original platform.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services...not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service”可知，ESP的优点是可以在原有平台上对数据进行加密，故选D。
7．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Method of decryption.
B．Image-processing technique.
C．Separate files of images.
D．Data analysis of colors.
答案 B
解析 段落大意题。通读第四段，尤其是“To overcome this problem，they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph.”可知，本段主要讲的是ESP的图像处理技术，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Nobody can inspire us as great teachers can.They seem to come when we 1 them most.They see 2 in us that others，including ourselves，can’t see.They show us that what we perceive as 3 is anything but that.Les Brown，one of the world’s greatest motivational speakers on self-improvement，is a living example.
Born in an abandoned building in Miami，Les has known 4 his entire life.He was a struggling student from the beginning，who was 5 as “mentally handicapped(有生理缺陷的)” and was ever placed back from 6th grade to 5th grade.Moreover，he had a twin brother who was exceptionally 6 ，making Les the obvious “stupid twin”．
One day a teacher asked Les to solve a problem on the chalkboard，but Les 7 ，saying that he couldn’t.“Of course you can，” the teacher responded 8 .“Young man，just come up and try it.” “But I really can’t，” 9 Les.“I’m mentally handicapped.”
The rest of the class erupted in 10 .The teacher stepped out from behind the desk and looked Les 11 .“Don’t ever say that again，” he told Les firmly.“Someone else’s opinion of you does not have to become your 12 .” And much to his classmates’ and even his own surprise，Les did 13 the problem that day.
Les will never forget his teacher’s words，which have always encouraged him to overcome incredible 14 in life and pursue his goals with exhaustless passion.And thanks to that great teacher’s powerful revelation(启迪)，Les has lived the phrase he is famous for all over the world：You have 15 within you.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Les在老师的鼓励下克服难以想象的困难，以不竭的热情追求自己的目标，最后成为世界上最伟大的自我提升励志演说家之一的故事。
1．A.impress B．need
C．miss D．value
答案 B
解析 根据上文“Nobody can inspire us as great teachers can.”和“come”可知，优秀的老师似乎会在我们最需要他们的时刻出现。故选B。
2．A.weakness B．beauty
C．confidence D．potential
答案 D
解析 根据下文的故事可知，此处表示老师能看到我们身上的潜力。故选D。
3．A.simple B．abnormal
C．impossible D．meaningful
答案 C
解析 根据下文讲述Les在老师的鼓励下成功的故事可知，我们认为不可能的事情并不是那样的，有时会成功。故选C。
4．A.danger B．dignity
C．hardship D．uneasiness
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Born in an abandoned building in Miami”及下文介绍Les被贴上“智力缺陷”的标签可知，他的一生都在困难中度过。故选C。
5．A.labelled B．chosen
C．respected D．introduced
答案 A
解析 根据上文“He was a struggling student”和下文“was ever placed back from 6th grade to 5th grade”可知，Les在学习上很吃力，曾从六年级退回五年级，说明他学习不好，因此被贴上“智力缺陷”的标签。故选A。
6．A.reliable B．handsome
C．gifted D．ambitious
答案 C
解析 根据下文“making Les the obvious ‘stupid twin’”可以推测，此处是将两兄弟相比较，Les的兄弟是有天赋的。故选C。
7．A.denied B．quitted
C．refused D．complained
答案 C
解析 根据下文“saying that he couldn’t”可知，Les说他不会，所以拒绝了老师。故选C。
8．A.jokingly B．coldly
C．critically D．encouragingly
答案 D
解析 根据上文“Of course you can”可知，老师在鼓励Les。故选D。
9．A.insisted B．argued
C．explained D．demanded
答案 A
解析 根据上文“But I really can’t”可知，Les坚持说自己不会。故选A。
10．A.laughter B．surprise
C．shame D．applause
答案 A
解析 根据上文Les说“I’m mentally handicapped.”可知，同学们应是爆发出了笑声。故选A。
11．A.up and down B．on the spot
C．in the eye D．now and then
答案 C
解析 由空前“looked”可知，此处指二人对视，look sb in the eye“直视某人”，为固定搭配。故选C。
12．A.challenge B．reputation
C．support D．reality
答案 D
解析 根据老师鼓励Les及下文“Les did the problem that day”可知，同学们认为Les是智力缺陷，但他却回答出了问题。由此可知，老师鼓励Les“别人对你的看法不一定会成为现实”。故选D。
13．A.think over B．work out
C．reflect on D．set aside
答案 B
解析 根据上文“And much to his classmates’ and even his own surprise...”可知，Les最终解答出了这道题。故选B。
14．A.opinions B．odds
C．disabilities D．faults
答案 B
解析 由上文语境可知，Les出身贫困，从小被贴上“智力缺陷”的标签，是老师鼓励的话给予他自信，让他克服困难，解出题目，把不可能变成可能。故选B。
15．A.greatness B．personality
C．knowledge D．preference
答案 A
解析 根据上文语境可知，老师鼓励的话给予Les启迪：别人对你的看法不一定会成为你的现实，每个人都有潜力实现目标。Les克服难以想象的困难，以不竭的热情追求自己的目标，最后成为世界上最伟大的自我提升励志演说家之一，因此每个人都有伟大的内在。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
China has a rich history and profound culture，including clothing.1. (it) traditional hanfu，which has long been neglected by the public，is making a comeback nowadays.
As one of China’s largest hanfu theme events，the Hanfu Cultural Festival 2. (hold) annually in Xitang ancient town，Zhejiang Province.According to statistics from the organizer,157,326 visitors attended the festival last year，many of 3. were hanfu-wearing 4. (enthusiast)，called “tong pao”.5. (origin) from the collection of ancient Chinese poems The Book of Songs，the phrase tong pao is now used 6. (describe) whoever appreciates the traditional Han Dynasty clothing.7. (forbid) during China’s last feudal(封建的) dynasty，the Qing Dynasty，hanfu has been little known 8. the public for many decades.
Nowadays，both the government and the public are attaching great importance to the promotion and education of traditional Chinese culture.Tong pao 9. (rise) in number over the past 19 years since a worker named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore it in public in 2003.
The regular hanfu theme event in Xitang has become 10. major platform for hanfu culture promotion as well as a calling card of Xitang’s tourism.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统服饰——汉服和汉服文化节以及汉服的重要意义。
1．答案 Its
解析 考查代词。修饰后文名词hanfu应用形容词性物主代词its，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Its。
2．答案 is held
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，且根据后文annually可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the Hanfu Cultural Festival，谓语用单数。故填is held。
3．答案 whom
解析 考查定语从句。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，作介词的宾语，指人应用whom。故填whom。
4．答案 enthusiasts
解析 考查名词复数。 enthusiast为可数名词，根据上文were可知用复数形式。故填enthusiasts。
5．答案 Originally
解析 考查副词。修饰后文介词短语from the collection of ancient Chinese poems The Book of Songs应用副词originally，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Originally。
6．答案 to describe
解析 考查非谓语动词。结合句意表示“被用来做某事”可知短语为be used to do sth。故填to describe。
7．答案 Forbidden
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，forbid在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语hanfu构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Forbidden。
8．答案 to
解析 考查介词。结合句意表示“为……所知”可知短语为be known to。故填to。
9．答案 has risen
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。根据后文“over the past 19 years since a worker named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore it in public in 2003”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为Tong pao，助动词用has。故填has risen。
10．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。platform为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，且major发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Are you a book lover？Here are some of the hottest books of the season.
The One Thing You’d Save
The One Thing You’d Save is about a homework assignment.Ms Chang has students choose what they’d save if their home was on fire.Some choose baseball cards or animal toys.One picks a sweater that was passed down for generations.Another chooses a box of memories about a sister who died.This book helps readers learn to figure out what counts most in life.
War and Millie McGonigle
It’s 1941.Millie McGonigle，a 12-year-old girl，was supposed to be living a carefree life.However，she lives in the shadow of World War Ⅱ.War and Millie McGonigle is an inspiring story that tackles the topic of life and death.The story line is driven by vivid characters and their relationships.The interaction between Millie and her little sister，Lily，mirrors the real-life sibling(兄弟姐妹) relationships in many families.
Simon B．Rhymin’
Simon is starting fifth grade and hopes to become a famous singer.But he’s shy about using his voice to express his ideas and thoughts.When a teacher asks the class to give an oral presentation，Simon must find the strength to change and overcome his fears.Simon B．Rhymin’ is a book that gives confidence to readers who are going through similar struggles.
Rez Dogs
Rez Dog is a book about an eighth grader named Malian.She’s visiting her grandparents on a Wabanaki reservation when COVID-19 hits.To stay safe，Malian has to stay away from school and her friends.Many kids will understand this tough situation.During the lockdown，Malian learns to think about what other people have gone through and how they are feeling during the pandemic(疫情)．
语篇解读 本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本当季最流行的书及它们的主要内容。
1．How can The One Thing You’d Save influence us
A．It gets us to preserve sweet family memories.
B．We may find it essential to ensure home safety.
C．We will try our best to improve our academic performance.
D．It reminds us to discover what we should treasure most in life.
2．What do War and Millie McGonigle and Simon B．Rhymin’ have in common
A．They are both inspirational stories.
B．They are both set in cruel war times.
C．They both reflect characters’ weaknesses.
D．They both involve principles of survival.
3．Which book helps us learn to relate to others
A．The One Thing You’d Save.
B．War and Millie McGonigle.
C．Simon B．Rhymin’．
D．Rez Dogs.
B
(2023·山西百校联考)
This year researchers expect the world to snap 1.35 trillion photographs，or about 3.7 billion per day.All those pixels(像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or phones，which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud.But unlike a hard drive which can be encrypted(加密) to protect its data，cloud storage users have to trust that a tech platform will keep their private pictures safe.Now a team of Columbia University computer scientists have developed a tool to encrypt images stored on many popular cloud services while allowing authorized users to browse and display their photographs as usual.
Malicious(恶意的) attempts to access or leak cloud-based photographs can expose personal information.In November 2019，for example，a bug in the popular photograph storage app Google Photos mistakenly shared some users’ private videos with strangers.Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users’ images.
So the Columbia researchers came up with a system called Easy Secure Photos(ESP)，which they presented at a recent conference.“We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services，” says computer scientist Jason Nieh，one of the developers of ESP.“Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service.”
To overcome this problem，they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph.First，ESP’s algorithm(算法) divides a photograph into three separate files，each one containing the image’s red，green or blue color data.Then the system hides the pixel blocks around among these three files(allowing a block from the red file，for instance，to hide out in the green or blue ones)．But the program does nothing within the pixel blocks，where all the image processing happens.As a result，the files remain unchanged images but end up looking like grainy black-and-white ones to anyone who accesses them without the decryption(解密) key.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是哥伦比亚大学的研究人员开发了一个名为ESP的系统，可以对存储在云端上的图像进行加密，同时允许授权用户像往常一样浏览和显示他们的照片。
4．What’s probably the main purpose for people to store images in the cloud
A．To save storage room.
B．To make photos beautiful.
C．To try a new storage way.
D．To keep their privacy safe.
5．Why might employees in cloud storage companies be distrusted by experts
A．They sell users’ passwords.
B．They have invented new tools.
C．They often let out personal information.
D．They may steal a glance at users’ images.
6．What’s the advantage of ESP
A．It can provide clear images.
B．It can decrease the upload time.
C．It can classify images automatically.
D．It can encrypt data on the original platform.
7．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．Method of decryption.
B．Image-processing technique.
C．Separate files of images.
D．Data analysis of colors.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Nobody can inspire us as great teachers can.They seem to come when we 1 them most.They see 2 in us that others，including ourselves，can’t see.They show us that what we perceive as 3 is anything but that.Les Brown，one of the world’s greatest motivational speakers on self-improvement，is a living example.
Born in an abandoned building in Miami，Les has known 4 his entire life.He was a struggling student from the beginning，who was 5 as “mentally handicapped(有生理缺陷的)” and was ever placed back from 6th grade to 5th grade.Moreover，he had a twin brother who was exceptionally 6 ，making Les the obvious “stupid twin”．
One day a teacher asked Les to solve a problem on the chalkboard，but Les 7 ，saying that he couldn’t.“Of course you can，” the teacher responded 8 .“Young man，just come up and try it.” “But I really can’t，” 9 Les.“I’m mentally handicapped.”
The rest of the class erupted in 10 .The teacher stepped out from behind the desk and looked Les 11 .“Don’t ever say that again，” he told Les firmly.“Someone else’s opinion of you does not have to become your 12 .” And much to his classmates’ and even his own surprise，Les did 13 the problem that day.
Les will never forget his teacher’s words，which have always encouraged him to overcome incredible 14 in life and pursue his goals with exhaustless passion.And thanks to that great teacher’s powerful revelation(启迪)，Les has lived the phrase he is famous for all over the world：You have 15 within you.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Les在老师的鼓励下克服难以想象的困难，以不竭的热情追求自己的目标，最后成为世界上最伟大的自我提升励志演说家之一的故事。
1．A.impress B．need
C．miss D．value
2．A.weakness B．beauty
C．confidence D．potential
3．A.simple B．abnormal
C．impossible D．meaningful
4．A.danger B．dignity
C．hardship D．uneasiness
5．A.labelled B．chosen
C．respected D．introduced
6．A.reliable B．handsome
C．gifted D．ambitious
7．A.denied B．quitted
C．refused D．complained
8．A.jokingly B．coldly
C．critically D．encouragingly
9．A.insisted B．argued
C．explained D．demanded
10．A.laughter B．surprise
C．shame D．applause
11．A.up and down B．on the spot
C．in the eye D．now and then
12．A.challenge B．reputation
C．support D．reality
13．A.think over B．work out
C．reflect on D．set aside
14．A.opinions B．odds
C．disabilities D．faults
15．A.greatness B．personality
C．knowledge D．preference
Ⅲ.语法填空
China has a rich history and profound culture，including clothing.1. (it) traditional hanfu，which has long been neglected by the public，is making a comeback nowadays.
As one of China’s largest hanfu theme events，the Hanfu Cultural Festival 2. (hold) annually in Xitang ancient town，Zhejiang Province.According to statistics from the organizer,157,326 visitors attended the festival last year，many of 3. were hanfu-wearing 4. (enthusiast)，called “tong pao”.5. (origin) from the collection of ancient Chinese poems The Book of Songs，the phrase tong pao is now used 6. (describe) whoever appreciates the traditional Han Dynasty clothing.7. (forbid) during China’s last feudal(封建的) dynasty，the Qing Dynasty，hanfu has been little known 8. the public for many decades.
Nowadays，both the government and the public are attaching great importance to the promotion and education of traditional Chinese culture.Tong pao 9. (rise) in number over the past 19 years since a worker named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore it in public in 2003.
The regular hanfu theme event in Xitang has become 10. major platform for hanfu culture promotion as well as a calling card of Xitang’s tourism.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统服饰——汉服和汉服文化节以及汉服的重要意义。
