云南省德宏州潞西市芒市中学高中英语必修五unit2 The United Kingdom教学案

五步教学设计教学案： 主备人：杨荣月
必修五: Unit 2
Unit 2 the United Kingdom
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading (Ⅰ)
教学目标：让学生掌握本单元重点词汇和短语，了解英国的地理和历史。
教学重点：训练学生的阅读速度
教学难点：学生阅读能力的提高
二、预习导学
（一）回答问题
1. Which country will hold the 30th Olympiad in 2012
2. What is the full name of the UK
3. When you mention England, what or who will you think of
4. What do you know about the UK Please do the quiz on page 9.
（二）熟背常用短语
1．consist 　　　　　　　 由……组成
2．divide ... 把……分成
3．break (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离
4． one's credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
5．leave 省去；遗漏；不考虑
6．refer 提及；参考
三、问题引领，知识探究
(一)Skim the text and choose the main idea of the passage.
A．The history of the United Kingdom.
B．The geography of the United Kingdom.
C．The people of the United Kingdom.
D．The politics of the United Kingdom.
答案：B
(二)Read the text and choose the best answer.
1．When were England and Wales linked to Scotland
A．In the 13th century AD.
B．When Great Britain was formed.
C．When the southern Ireland formed its own government.
D．When King James became King of England and Wales.
2．Where do you have t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o go if you want to find more about British history and culture
A．Industrial cities.
B．Older but smaller towns first built by the Romans.
C．The Midlands of England.
D．The North of England.
3．The writer mentions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) London in the fifth paragraph mainly because ________.
A．London is the capital of the United Kingdom
B．London can best reflect British history and culture
C．London is the home of art collections
D．London has the oldest port made by the Romans
4．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．all the four countries share the same educational systems
B．the Romans came to England before the Anglo Saxons
C．it was easy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for Northern Ireland to join England, Scotland and Wales
D．most of the industries are in the South of England
答案：1～4　DBBB
(三)Read the text ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )refully and fill in the chart with the information in the text.
PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY
The United Kingdom
Its history The member countries Great Britain England the ?________ of the four countries
Wales linked to England in the ?________
?________ joined England and ?________ in the 17th century
Northern Ireland joined with Engla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd, Wales and Scotland in the early ?________ century
?________ London the centre of ?________ government and its administration
the greatest ?___ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ treasure — museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings
答案：Its capital　largest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　13th century　Scotland　?Wales　?20th ?national　?historical
四、目标检测
课文缩写填空
If you study ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )British history, you can easily ?________ the problems about the names of the four countries.
Wales was ?_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ to England in the 13th century AD, which was followed by Scotland in 1603.What made them ?________ was to find them ?________ peacefully ?________ by war.And it was only after Northern Ireland joined with them that ?________ finally came into being, which was shown in its new flag — ?________．
England, the larges ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of the four, is ?________ into three zones for ?________； that is, the South, the Midlands, and the North.You'll find most population ________ in the south, and most industries were in Midlands and the North, though we couldn't find historical ________ there.
As the greatest his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )torical _______ of England, London owns famous museums, art ________， theatres, parks and famous buildings, all of which have been ________ greatly by the ________ of England.
答案：clarify　?linke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d　?surprised　?united ?instead of　?the United Kingdom 　?the Union Jack　?divided　?convenience　settled　 attractions treasure　collections　influenced　 invaders
五、分层配餐
翻译下列句子
1．To their credit th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.(P10)
2．Although, nation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two！(P10)
3．It is a pity ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.(P10)
4．You must keep your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.(P10)
阅读理解
The Union Jack is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he national flag of the United Kingdom. It is so called because it combines the emblems (象征) of three countries — England, Scotland and Ireland (although since 1921 only Northern Ireland has been part of the United Kingdom)．
The term “Union Jac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k” possibly dates from Queen Anne's time, but its origin is uncertain. It may come from the “Jacket” of the English or Scottish soldiers; or from the name of James Ⅰ who originated the first union in 1603, in either its Latin or French form “Jacobus” or “Jacques”； or, as “jack” once meant small, the name may come from a royal proclamation(声明) issued by Charles Ⅱ that the flag should be flown only by ships of the Royal Navy as a jack, a small flag at the bowsprit(船首)．
The Union Jack was o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riginally a royal flag (when the present design was made official in 1801, it was ordered to be flown on all the King's forts and castles, but not elsewhere); it is today flown above Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle when the Queen is not in residence. On news of a royal death, the Union Jack will be flown at half mast (下半旗)．
The flying of the Unio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Jack on public buildings is decided by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport at the Queen's command. The Union Jack is flown on government buildings on days marking the birthdays of members of the royal family, such as the Queen's official birthday, and on the days of the State Opening and prorogation of Parliament; it is also flown on St David's Day, St George's Day, St Andrew's Day, and St Patrick's Day.
Although the Union ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Jack originated as a royal flag, it is now also flown by many people and organizations elsewhere in the United Kingdom. Its use as an emblem has extended beyond the form of a flag and the Union Jack is frequently shown on other objects.
语篇解读：本文分析了英国国旗The Union Jack的起源和使用场合。
1．The reason why th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e national flag of the United Kingdom is called The Union Jack is that ________.
A．the flag is made of jacket
B．the flag combines the emblems of three countries
C．the flag shows the symbol of unity
D．the flag originated from the existence of the United Kingdom
解析：细节理解题。第一段说到The Union Jack是三个国家象征的徽记集合。
答案：B
2．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.
A．the origin of the national flag
B．the history of the national flag
C．the reason why the Union Jack has become the national flag
D．the way how the Union Jack has become the national flag
解析：主旨大意题。第二段的第一句为本段主题句。即讲述The Union Jack的起源。故选A。
答案：A
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Once the Union Jack was not flown elsewhere except royal places.
B．The Union Jack wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l be flown at half mast if a member of the royal family dies.
C．Many people and organizations can flow the Union Jack in the world.
D．The Union Jack ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can be flown in many places and on many days in the United Kingdom.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三、四、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )五段可知The Union Jack在以前只适用于皇家场合，后逐渐延伸到很多地方和很多场合。但它是英国国旗，不是所有人都可以使用。故选C。
答案：C
4．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Union Jack Everywhere
B．The Union Jack at Anytime
C．National Flag, the Union Jack
D．The History of the Union Jack
解析：主旨大意题。A、B、D项文章均说到，但以偏概全，故选C具有概括性。
答案：C
五步教学设计教学案： 主备人：杨荣月
必修五: Unit 2
Unit 2 the United Kingdom
Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading (Ⅱ)
一、教学目标：让学生掌握本单元重点词汇和短语和句型
教学重点：牢记并学会使用这些短语和句型。
教学难点：学生对重点词汇和短语的掌握和运用
二、预习导学
正确拼写单词
(Ⅰ)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
1．credit n．信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
2．currency n．货币；通货
3．institution n．制度；机制；公共机构
4．consist vi.组成；在于；一致
5．clarify vt. 澄清；阐明
6．accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现→accomplishment n．完成；实现
7．unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)→willing(反义词)
8．rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的→roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空
9. The painting comes from his private collection_(collect)．
10．The two countries are united (union) by the common interests.
11．The Belgian language is closely related (relation) to French.
12．I keep my refere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nce books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．
13．This festiv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al attracts (attraction) thousands of visitors every year.
14．I don't li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke the architecture (architect) of the eighteenth century.
15．Our school is under construction (construct)．
三、问题引领，知识探究
高频词汇突破
考点1 consist vi.组成；在于；一致
教材原句 How many countries does the UK consist of 英国由几个国家组成？
A week consists of seven days.
一星期由七天组成。
Miss Green is in charge of the class consisting of 60 students.
格林小姐负责管理这个由60名学生组成的班级。
Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own.
幸福并不在于你拥有多少财产。
The report consists with facts.
这篇报道符合事实。
[自主归纳]
①consist of　　　　 由……组成
②consist in 在于……
③consist with 与……一致；符合
[关键一点]　
consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of 或be composed of，且不用于进行时。
[辨析比较]
consist of, be composed/made up of, be made of, make up
意义 主语 宾语
consist of 由……组成 被组成的事物 组成事物的部分
be composed/made up of 由……组成 被组成的事物 组成事物的部分
be made of 由……制成 被制成的成品 原料
make up 组成；构成 事物的组成部分 组成后的事物
[多角度演练]
1．选词填空： consist of, be made up of, be made of, make up
① Up to 70% of your t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )otal body weight is_made_up_of/consists_of water.
②The whole huge building seemed to _be_made_of iron.
③ Women make_up 40% of the prison population in this area.
2．用consist的相关短语完成下列小片段
④Life mainly consists_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist_in struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist_with the reality.
3．一句多译
⑤这部小说共分12章(chapter)。
→The_novel_consists_of_12_chapters.(consist of)
→The_novel_is_composed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/made_up_of_12_chapters.(be composed/made up of)
→12 chapters make up the novel.(make up )
4．单项填空
⑥Thomas Edison ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) considered genius to be ________ one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration.
A．composed of　　　　　　　 B．constituted in
C．consisted of D．comprised in
解析：be composed o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f“由……组成”。consist of“由……组成”，不能用被动语态。句意：托马斯·爱迪生认为天才是由百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水组成的。
答案：A
考点2 divide ...into把……分成
教材原句 England can be divided into three main areas.英格兰可分成三个主要地区。
Let's divide the apples into three.
我们把这些苹果分成三份吧。
[归纳拓展]
be divided into　　　　 　　　 被分成……
divide ...among/between 在……中分配
divide ...in half/into halves 把……分成两半……
The book is divided into six sections.
这本书被分成六部分。
Children, divide the cake between you.
孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吧。
[辨析比较]　divide, separate
指把一个整体分成几部分，也含有自然划分的意思，常与介词into搭配
指把原来连在一起或混在一起的东西人为地分开，也可用作不及物动词，意为“分开，脱离，分手”， 常与介词from搭配
[多角度演练]
1．选词填空： divide, separate
①A tall fence separates the two houses.
②Some of the big old houses have been divided into apartments.
2．完成句子
③他把时间用在阅读和写作上了。
He divided_his_time_between reading and writing.
④你们班的学生被分成几个小组？
How many groups are the students in your class divided_into
3．单项填空
⑤All these new studen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts will be divided ________ 12 classes.Then these classes will be divided ________ the teachers.
A．to; in　　　　　　　 B．among; into
C．into; by D．into; among
解析：句意：所有这些新同学将被分成12 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个班，之后这些班将由这些老师分担。divide ...into ...意为“把……分成……”；divide ...among “在……之间分配”。
答案：D
考点3 clarify vt.澄清；阐明；讲清楚
教材原句 You can clarify this question if you study British history. 如果你研究英国的历史，你就能够弄明白这个问题。
He left the matter to clarify gradually by itself.
他让此事的真相逐渐自行澄清。
Can you clarify this long sentence
你能把这个长句子解释清楚吗？
[归纳拓展]
clarify one's stand/position　　　　 阐明自己的立场
clarify the situation 澄清事实/情况
He clarified his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stand on the issue of Syria on behalf of the government.
他代表政府阐明了他在叙利亚东问题上的立场。
[word family]
clear adj. 　　　　　　　清澈的； 透明的
clarified adj. 纯净的
clarification n. 澄清；说明
The issue you referred to at the conference needs clarification.
在会议上你提及的这个问题需要说明。
[多角度演练]
1．用clarify的适当形式填空
①An example will help to clarify what I mean.
②The clarified water from the factory has been recycled.
③I'm seeking clarification of the regulations.
2．完成句子
④他的解释把这个谜团澄清了。
His explanation clarified_the_mystery.
⑤我将在合适的时候澄清我的立场。
I'll clarify_my_stand/position at a proper time.
3．单项填空
⑥Our country has ________ her position on Taiwan issues.
A．explained　　　　　 B．reported
C．clarified D．introduced
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我们国 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )家已经阐明了在台湾问题上的立场。clarify one's position 表示“阐明态度”， 符合句意，故选C。
答案：C
考点4 conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；争执；抵触
教材原句 Happily this was ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )complished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.令人高兴的是，苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成了英格兰和威尔士的国王，而这事没有冲突就完成了。
The conflict in the Middle East has lasted decades.
中东地区的冲突已经持续几十年了。
[归纳拓展]
in conflict with sb.　　　　　 与某人有冲突
come into conflict with (与……)产生冲突
conflict with 与……相冲突
Union leaders are again in conflict with management.
工会领导人又一次与管理层发生冲突。
The results of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e new research would seem to conflict with existing theories.
新的研究成果似乎和已有的理论相抵触。
[多角度演练]
1．完成句子
①约翰经常与他的老板发生争执。
John often comes_into_conflict_with his boss.
②我的利益与你的冲突。
My interests conflict_with yours.
2．单项填空
③His words are ________ his action.That is to say, his words don't agree with his behaviour.
A．in agreement with
B．in conflict with
C．reach an agreement with
D．come into conflict with
解析：根据空格前的are可以首先排除C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、D两项，be动词不能和实义动词连用。 in agreement with为“和……一致”； in conflict with为“同……相冲突”。根据后面的his words don't agree with his behaviour可确定答案为B项。句意：他的话和他的行动相冲突，也就是说他的言行不一致。
答案：B
考点5 break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离；与……断绝关系；打破(陈旧陋习等)
教材原句 However, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，爱尔兰的南部却不情愿这样并分离出去建立了自己的政府。
The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.
犯人从两名警察的看守下逃了出去。
At that time, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.
当时美国南方各州想脱离联邦。
[归纳拓展]
break in　　　　　 打断；闯入；训练；使逐渐习惯
break into 闯入；打断(话题)；突然……起来
break into pieces 成为碎片
break off 折断；突然停止；暂停
break out (战争，火灾等)爆发
break through 突围；突破
break up 分解；驱散
Rising prices already broke through the government's bottom line.
上涨的物价已突破了国家的底线。
She broke in with a silly question.
她突然插话提了个可笑的问题。
I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.
听说Sue和Paul分手了，我很吃惊。
[语境串记]
A quarrel broke out, which made him break away from his family.
突然发生了一次吵架，这使他与家庭破裂。
[多角度演练]
1．介、副词填空
①It is wrong of him to break away from all his good friends.
②I was about to go to bed when a big man broke into my house.
③They decided to break up the partnership.
④Scientists ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
⑤She broke off in the middle of a sentence.
2．翻译句子
⑥It is difficult to break away from a habit.
要改掉一个习惯很困难。
⑦他在富裕时与所有的朋友断绝关系是不对的。
It_is_wrong_of_hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m_to_break_away_from_all_his_good_friends_while_he_becomes_rich.
3．单项填空
⑧Nowadays many f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )armers want to________ farming and make a living in big cities.
A．take up 　　　　 B．break away from
C．work on D．get rid
解析：take up意为“从事”； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )break away from意为“摆脱；脱离”work on意为“致力于”；get rid后须加介词of才能表示“脱离；除掉”。根据后面的make a living in big cities可知答案为B项。句意：现在许多农民想要脱离农业，到大城市里谋生。
答案：B
考点6 to one's credit为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
教材原句 To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas ...值得称赞的是：这四个国家在一些方面的确是共同合作的……
It is greatly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to our credit that he has won a precious gold medal at the Olympic Games.
他在奥运会上获得了一枚宝贵的金牌，这为我们带来了极大的荣誉。
She has a large sum standing to her credit in the bank.
她的银行存款还有一大笔金额。
[归纳拓展]
on credit　　　　　　　　 记账；分期付款
be a credit to sb./ sth. 对……是一种荣誉
We bought a new car on credit.
我们用分期付款买了一辆新车。
He is a credit to the family.
他是家族中的光荣。
[关键一点]
credit既是可数名词，又是不可数名词；credit card即我们经常用的信用卡。
[联想发散]
①“to ＋ one's ＋ 抽象名词”结构的短语还有：to_one's_surprise/delight/joy/ast
onishment/sorrow等；
②much to one's ＋ n．相当于：to_one's_great＋_n．；
③to one's ＋ n．也可表达为：to_the_＋_n._＋_of__sb.。
[多角度演练]
1．介、副词填空
①Nobel Prize is a great credit to scientists.
②They do not buy anything on credit.
③To his credit, Buffett has admitted his mistakes.
2．句型转换
④To his credit, he is brave enough to save the boy.
→To the credit of him,_he is brave enough to save the boy.
⑤To our great surprise, he has managed to get the money needed.
→Much to the surprise of us,_he has managed to get the money needed.
3．单项填空
⑥It is greatly ________ that you gave back the money you found.
A．on your credit　　　　　　　 B．to your credit
C．with your credit D．in your credit
解析：考查短语搭配。句意：值得赞扬的是，你能把捡到的钱送还失主。to one's credit“值得赞扬的”，其他诸项搭配错误。
答案：B
经典句式突破
It_is_a_pity_th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at_the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
令人遗憾的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市并不能吸引游客。
(1)It's a pity that .. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).意为“可惜的是……；很遗憾的是……”，此结构中常见的名词还有：fact, idea, honor, shame, wonder, news等。
It's a pity that he didn't accept the job.
令人遗憾的是他没有接受这份工作。
It is a fact that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Internet has become an important part of our daily life.
因特网已经成为我们日常生活中的一个重要部分，这是个事实。
(2)It is ＋ adj. (likely/amazing/surprising/wonderful ...) that ...
It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.
很可能飓风马上就要到来。
(3)It is ＋ v． ed (said/reported/believed/well known ...) that ...
It is well known to us all that Taiwan belongs to China.
众所周知，台湾属于中国。
(4)It＋seems/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )happens/appears/doesn't matter/makes no difference that ...
It appears that he doesn't like fixing work hours.
看来他不喜欢固定的工作时间。
[多角度演练]
1．翻译句子
①遗憾的是他们没在这里。
It_is_a_pity_that_they_are_not_here.
②好像谁也不知道这件事情。
It_seems_that_nobody_knows_anything_about_the_matter.
③物价有可能要下降。
It_is_likely_that_prices_will_go_down.
2．句型转换
④That we Chinese people are against war is known to all.
→It is known to all that we Chinese people are against war.
⑤That the USA was under the terrorist attack was reported.
→It was reported that the USA was under the terrorist attack.
3．单项填空
⑥________ is reported in the newspaper that more than one hundred people were killed in the big fire.
A．What　　　　　　　　　 B．It
C．As D．That
解析：分析句子可知，that从句是真 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )正的主语，所以空格处应填it作形式主语；若选what引导从句， 应在that前加系动词is构成“主＋系＋表”结构；若选as，应把that换为逗号，构成由as引导的非限制性定语从句；that引导名词性从句时不作句子成分，而本句缺少主语，故应排除D项。
答案：B
四、目标检测
课文缩写填空
If you study Britis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h history, you can easily ?________ the problems about the names of the four countries.
Wales was ?________ to England in the 13th century AD, which was followed by Scotland in 1603.What made them ?________ was to find them ?________ peacefully ?________ by war.And it was only after Northern Ireland joined with them that ?________ finally came into being, which was shown in its new flag — ?________．
England, the larges ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of the four, is ?________ into three zones for ?________； that is, the South, the Midlands, and the North.You'll find most population ________ in the south, and most industries were in Midlands and the North, though we couldn't find historical ________ there.
As the greatest histor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ical _______ of England, London owns famous museums, art ________， theatres, parks and famous buildings, all of which have been ________ greatly by the ________ of England.
答案：clarify　?lin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ked　?surprised　?united ?instead of　?the United Kingdom 　?the Union Jack　?divided　?convenience　settled　 attractions treasure　collections　influenced　 invaders
五、分层配餐
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The crisis of war________ (使……联合) the whole country.
答案：united
2．I wonder if you have any interest in ________ (建筑艺术)．
答案：architecture
3．He can't ________ (澄清) the facts related to the problem.
答案：clarify
4．There is a long ________ (冲突) between the employer and the workers.
答案：conflict
5．He is a man who will never ________ (完成) anything.
答案：accomplish
6．The bank refuse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d further ________ (贷款) to the company which deals with buildings.
答案：credit
7．We bought this house for its c________.
答案：convenience
8．A jeep is ideal for driving over r________ roads.
答案：rough
9．The swimming resort a________ many people.
答案：attracts
10．Northeast China consists of three p________.
答案： provinces
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Although the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) necklace is not made of real diamond, it still ________ me.
A．attracts to　　　　　 B．appeals to
C．reacts for D．responds at
解析：考查短语辨析。attract和appe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al都有“吸引”的意思，但attract是及物动词后面直接加宾语。而appeal为不及物动词，要加to再加宾语。react和respond都是“反应”的意思，不合句意。
答案：B
2．When arranging for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the meeting, pay special attention not to ________ any points.
A．leave alone B．leave out
C．leave behind D．leave about
解析：leave alone“不理会；不干涉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”； leave out“忽略；漏掉”； leave behind“留下；遗置”； leave about“(东西)用后不收；到处遗置”。句意：当你安排会议的时候，特别注意不要漏掉任何事情。
答案：B
3．People wonder ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed ________ the authorities have show any signs ________ they would give in to the kidnappers' demands.
A．if; that B．that; if
C．how; that D．why; if
解析：考查名词性从句。解决此题关键在于弄清句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子结构及句意。句意：人们想知道当局是否对绑架者的要求有丝毫让步的迹象。题干中wonder后是由if引导的宾语从句，在此从句中，signs后接that引导的同位语从句。wonder if ...“想知道是否……”，是常用句型。
答案：A
4．________ is said by many doctors that weight lifters and cyclists tend to suffer from stomachache.
A．As B．What
C．Which D．It
解析：考查It is said that ...句型。句意：很多医生说，举重运动员和自行车运动员往往容易胃痛。it 在句中作形式主语。
答案：D
5．We are inte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rested in the weather because it ________ us so directly — what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.Which of the following is NOT right
A．has an influence on
B．has an effect on
C．affects
D．effects
解析：考查动词辨析。affect ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )＝have an influence/effect on) “影响”； effect作动词解时意为“引起；完成；实现”，作“效果；影响”解时为名词。句意：我们对天气感兴趣是因为它直接影响着我们——我们所穿的，我们所做的，甚至我们的感受。
答案：D
6. The driver can ad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )just the heating in winter and the air conditioning in summer to suit his own ________.
A．leisure B．preference
C．convenience D．selection
解析：preference“偏爱； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )更加喜欢”；leisure “闲暇；悠闲”；convenience “便利；方便”；selection“选择；精选”。句意：司机可以根据自己的喜好，冬夏调整供暖空调设置。
答案：B
7．Although it is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not our normal practice in our shop to ________， this time I think we should consider the matter more closely.
A．give credit B．work wonders
C．make bargains D．make sales
解析：考查动词短语。句意：在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们商店概不赊欠，但这次我想我们应更周密地考虑这个问题。give credit “让赊欠”；work wonders“创造奇迹”；make bargains“达成协议；成交”；make sales“做成买卖”。
答案：A
8．Reporters aske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the white house to ________ their position on the issue.
A．clean B．clear
C．clarify D．classify
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：记者让白宫阐明他们在这个问题上的立场。clarify“澄清；阐明”，符合句意。
答案：C
9．It was wrong of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you to ________ all your friends who helped you when you were in trouble.
A．get away from B．break away from
C．fill up with D．end up with
解析：考查动词短语辨析。解决本题的关 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )键是掌握不同的动词短语的含义。get away from“从……中离开；逃避”；break away from“脱离；断绝(关系)”；fill up with“填满；装满”；end up with“以……结束”。句意：和在困难的时候帮助过你的朋友们决裂是错误的。
答案：B
10. Dorothy divides her time ________ work, child care and play.
A．into B．in
C．among D．between
解析：句意：Dorothy把时间分为：工作、照看孩子和玩耍。宾语是三件事情，因此用among。
答案：C
Ⅲ.语境翻译
大英博物馆吸引(attract) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了全世界的游客，因此上周我们去参观了。为了方便(convenience)起见，我们将想要见识的地方列了一张清单，这样我们就不会漏掉(leave out)任何地方。我们发现，博物馆由九个展厅构成(consist of)。每个展厅分成(divide into)几个部分，展览不同的历史珍品(historical collections)。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
The British Museum ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) attracts tourists from all over the world, so last week we visited it.For convenience, we made a list of the things we wanted to see so that we couldn't leave out anything. The museum consists of nine showrooms .Every showroom is divided into several parts to display different historical collections.
五步教学设计教学案： 主备人：杨荣月
必修五: Unit 2
Unit 2 the United Kingdom
Section Ⅲ Grammar — 过去分词作宾语补足语
教学目标：让学生熟悉并掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。
教学重点：掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。
教学难点：熟记过去分词作宾语补足语的用法，能自己独立完成相关练习。
二、预习导学
1. a．Now when peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple refer to England you find Wales included as well.
b．To their surprise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the three countries found themselves united peacefully.
c．Have you ever heard the song sung in Chinese
d．We'd like to see the problems solved within seven days.
2．a.It passes th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rough Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.
b．However, j ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ust as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the southern part of that country broke away to form its own government.
c．You must make yourself respected.
3. a．The teacher wanted the problem discussed at the moment.
b．My cell phone has broken down and I would like it repaired soon.
c．The manager wished those letters typed as soon as possible.
[我的发现]
(1)以上例句中的过去分词在句中作宾语补足语，它们与句子宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的被动关系或完成关系。
(2)在第一组句子中，see, hear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和find为可以跟过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的感官动词。类似动词还有：feel,_watch,_notice,_observe等。
(3)在第二组句子中，have, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) make和get均为可以跟过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语的使役动词。表状态的动词leave,_keep等有类似用法。
(4)在第三组句子中，wish, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) would like和want都为表示意愿或愿望的动词(词组)，其后可以用过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语。expect, order等也可以这样使用。
三、问题引领，知识探究
(一)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等词的后面作宾语补足语
Addicted to computer games, he left much homework undone.
他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。
即学即练1 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①They kept the door locked（lock）for a long time.
②Don?t leave the windows broken（break）like this all the time.
③Don?t keep your mouth shut (shut) when I ask you a question.
(二)过去分词用在使役动词make, get和have的后面作宾语补足语
1．注意“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种情况：
(1)表示“让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做”。
I have my hair cut once a month.
我每个月理一次发。
(2)表示“遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受……影响，蒙受……损失”。
He had his hat blown away on his way home.
在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。
(3)完成某事(自己也可能参与)。
I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected.
我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。
2．“make＋宾语＋过去分词”，在这种结构中，过去分词的动作必须是表示结果含义的。
He was trying to make himself understood.
他正努力使别人理解自己。
即学即练2
2 1.翻译句子
①I have had my MP3 player repaired.
我让人修了修我的MP3播放器。
②他的房子被暴风雨毁坏了。
He_had_his_house_damaged_in_the_storm.
③He has had one thousand yuan saved this year.
他今年已存了1,000元。
2 2.完成句子
①我提高了嗓门以便被人家听到。
I raised my voice to make_myself_heard.
②他们用了很浅显的英语来设法使自己被理解。
They managed to make_themselves_understood using very simple English.
（三）过去分词可作表示感 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括see, hear, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等
I have never heard him spoken ill of.
我从未听过有人说他的坏话。
He felt his face lost before his friends.
他觉得在朋友面前丢面子了。
即学即练3　　翻译句子　　　　　　
①He felt himsel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f cheated.
②我发现钱包被偷了。
（四）过去分词在want, l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike, wish, order, would like等表示“希望”“要求”“命令”意义的动词的宾语后面作宾语补足语
The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.
老板不希望现在讨论这个问题。
　即学即练4 完成句子
①我希望我的房子漆成白色。
I white.
②我要求按照我的尺寸来做衣服。
I to my measure.
(五)过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
小偷被带了进来，手被绑在身后。
With the matter settled, we all went home.
事情得到了解决，我们都回家了。
With water heated, we can see the steam.
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。
　　　　　　　　　
①Because everyth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing is covered with snow, the outside sight looks beautiful.
The outside sight l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ooks beautiful . ②After the hurricane, I saw lots of houses whose roofs had been blown off.
After the hurricane, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I saw lots of houses .
(六)过去分词、现在分词和不定式作宾补的区别
1．过去分词作宾补
强调被动(宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者)和动作已完成。
I saw her taken out of the classroom.
我看见她被人从教室带了出去。(take与her是动宾关系，且“带出去”这一动作已经完成)
2．现在分词作宾补
强调主动(宾语是现在分词所表示的动作的执行者)和动作正在进行。
I saw her coming into the classroom.
我看见她正进入教室。(come与her存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且“进入”这一动作正在发生)
3．不定式作宾补
强调动作发生的全过程，不定式符号to常省去。但当宾补变为主补时，要带上to。
I saw her come into the classroom.
我看见她进入教室了。(强调“进入”这一动作发生的全过程)
She was seen to come into the classroom.
有人看见她进入教室了。
6 1.用所给词的适当形式填空
①We have our classroom cleaned (clean) after school every day.
②The teacher will have Li Lei clean(clean) the classroom today.
③We found the trees planted (plant) already.
④We found many people planting(plant) trees there.
⑤Mother had me go (go) to the shop and buy some salt.
6 2.句型转换
①We found him lying on the playground yesterday morning.
→He was found lying on the playground yesterday morning.
②They saw the boy slip into the hall.
→The boy was seen to slip into the hall.
四、目标检测
1．(2012·四川高考)B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efore driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________.
A．washed　　　　　　　　　 B．wash
C．washing D．to wash
解析：考查非谓语动词。句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故选A项。
答案：A
2．(2011·重庆高考)Michael ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself________ of his own dreams.
A．reminding　　　　　　　 B．to remind
C．reminded D．remind
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Micha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el把姚明的图片张贴在床边是为了提醒自己要实现自己的梦想。 remind sb.of sth.表示“ 提醒某人某事”， himself与remind之间是动宾关系， 故用动词的过去分词形式。
答案：C
3．(2011·陕西高考)Claire ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had her luggage ________ an hour before her plane left.
A．check B．checking
C．to check D．checked
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在飞 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )机起飞前一个小时Claire 对行李进行了安检。check 与 luggage之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词形式表示被动，构成have ＋宾语＋过去分词结构，表示“ 找人做……”或“ 使……被 ……”。
答案：D
4．(2011·浙江高考) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.
A．lose B．lost
C．to lose D．having lost
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处lost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是过去分词作themselves的宾语补足语。语意表示“甚至最好的作家有时候也会表达不出来”，所以答案选B项。
答案：B
五、分层配餐
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．When I opene ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the door, I found the ground ________ (cover) by fallen leaves.
答案：covered
2．When you come bac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k again, you will see your hometown completely ________ (change)．
答案：changed
3．Paul's mother had h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )im ________ (adopt) because she couldn't look after him herself.
答案：adopted
4．Look at yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur dirty clothes; you'd better get them ________ (wash)．
答案：washed
5．He stood for an instant with his hand ________ (raise)．
答案：raised
6．With a lot of diffic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ult problems ________ (settle), America is having a hard time.
答案：to settle
7．— Why did you go back to the shop
— I left my friend ________ (wait) there.
答案：waiting
8．A cook will b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e immediately fired if he is found ________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
答案：smoking
9．Having passed all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the tests, she felt a great weight ________ (take) off her mind.
答案：taken
10．On a ________ (freeze) morning the little girl was found ________ (freeze) at the corner of the street.
答案：freezing; frozen
Ⅱ.翻译句子(用过去分词作宾补)
1．他去世了，留下他的著作还没完成。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He passed away, leaving his works unfinished.
2．这消息真让我失望。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The news really made me disappointed.
3．他忽然注意到自己被陌生人跟踪了。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He suddenly noticed himself followed by a stranger.
4．我希望试卷尽快发下来。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I wish the papers handed out soon.
5．我们打算春节前把墙粉刷一下。
________________________________________________________________________
答案：We are going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to have/get the wall painted before the Spring Festival.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1. (2013·长沙铁路第一中学高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二期中)— Kate, where did you get your material ________？
— In the library upstairs.
A．to type　　　　　　　 B．typed
C．typing D．to be typed
解析：考查非谓语动词。问句句意：凯 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )特，你在什么地方打印的你的资料？句中your material与type之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语；动词不定式表示所说动作未发生，与语境不符；C项现在分词表示主动或进行，与语境不符。
答案：B
2．In the dream Peter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )saw himself ________ by a fierce wolf, and woke suddenly with a start.
A．chased B．to be chased
C．be chased D．having been chased
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在梦中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，Peter看见自己被一只凶残的狼追赶，而被惊醒。Peter与chase(追赶)之间是动宾关系，过去分词chased在句中作宾语补足语；B项动词不定式表示动作未发生，与句意不符；C项不能作宾补；D项表示动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，与语境不符。
答案：A
3．To their great fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ar, they found ________ in the heaviest snowfall they had ever had.
A．they were catching B．themselves caught
C．they had caught D．themselves catching
解析：语境：他们发现被困在大雪之中。发现自己被困必须用反身代词＋宾补。
答案：B
4．When the minis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter came to the snow stricken area, he was happy to see the disaster victims well ________.
A．take care of B．took care of
C．taken care of D．taking care of
解析：考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意可以看出victims与take care of存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。
答案：C
5．With many m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ajor economic problems ________ to be solved, there is no point predicting the growth rate of this year now.
A．remaining B．remained
C．have remained D．having remained
解析：考查with复合结构。不及物动词rem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ain没有被动语态，故不能选其过去分词作宾语补足语，即economic problems与remain之间是主动关系，故选现在分词remaining。
答案：A
6．Television has ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny advantages.It keeps us ________ about the ________ news and also provides entertainment at home.
A．informed; latest B．know; later
C．learning; later D．think; latest
解析：us与inform之间为逻辑上的被动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关系，故使用过去分词作宾补；latest是形容词，意思是“最近的”。句意：电视有很多好处。它可以使我们了解最近的新闻，也提供家庭娱乐。
答案：A
7．The managers discuss ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year.
A．carry out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
解析：本句中see的宾语为that，代 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )指的是the plan, the plan与carry out之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。句意：经理们讨论了他们希望看到明年被执行的那个计划。
答案：C
8．Jimmy have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had his bike ________， and he is going to have somebody ________ his radio tomorrow.
A．repair; to repair
B．repairing; to be repaired
C．repaired; repair
D．to repair; repairing
解析：考查过去分词作宾补。在第一空中， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his bike与repair之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。在第二空中，somebody与repair之间是主动关系，又因为在have＋宾语＋宾补结构中如果是不定式作宾补则不能带to。故选C。
答案：C
9．Mark was muc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h disappointed to see the computer he had had ________ went wrong again.
A．it B．it repaired
C．repaired D．to be repaired
解析：考查过去分词作宾补 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。本题句子结构较复杂，see后接了一个宾语从句。从句的主体结构是the computer went wrong again。the computer后又接了一个定语从句。定语从句中是一个have sth.done 结构。由于repair和先行词the computer之间是被动关系并且从句中作have宾语的关系代词that省略了，故选C项。
答案：C
10．When he r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eturned home, he found the window open and something ________.
A．stealing B．robbed
C．stolen D．robbing
解析：本题考查find sth.done的结 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构。句意：当他回到家时，他发现窗户打开了，有些东西被偷了。something 作found 的宾语，其后接过去分词stolen 作宾补，与宾语something构成被动关系。 rob 意为“抢劫”，常用于rob sb.of sth.结构中，表示“抢劫某人某物”。
答案：C
五步教学设计教学案： 主备人：杨荣月
必修五: Unit 2
Unit 2 the United Kingdom
Section Ⅳ　Learning about Language & Using Language　
教学目标：让学生掌握本单元重点词汇、短语和句型。
教学重点：牢记并学会使用这些短语和句型。
教学难点：学生对重点词汇和短语的掌握和运用
二、预习导学
正确拼写单词
(Ⅰ)根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词
1．q________： break friendly relations; argue angrily
2．a________： like one another; similar
3．s________： magnificent; very fine
4．r________： belonging to the family of a king or queen
5．u________： a part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as police, the army, etc.
6．c________： always keeping to the same pattern or style; unchanging
答案：1.quarrel　2.alike　3.splendid　4.royal　5.uniform　6.consistent
(Ⅱ)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
7．description n．描写；描述→describe vt.描述
8．furnished adj. 配备好装备的；带家具的→furniture n．家具
9．possibility n．可能(性)→possible adj.可能的
10．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理→ arrangement n．安排
11．delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delighted adj.快乐的；欣喜的
12．communism n．共产主义→communist n．共产主义者
13．thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊→thrilling adj.毛骨悚然的；发抖的
6．feel proud of 以……感到自豪/骄傲
把握文章脉络
SIGHTSEEING IN LONDON
The first day The Tower of London：*Built by the Norman ?________ of AD 1066.*Made of solid ?________．St Paul's Cathedral：*Built after the terrible ?________ of London in 1666.Westminster Abbey：*Containing ?________ in memory of dead poets and writers, such as ?________．Buckingham Palace：*The Queen's house in London.
The second day Greenwich：*Zhang Pingyu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) visited its old ships and famous ?________ that sets the world time.*Then she took a photo standing on either side of the ?________ line.
The last day Highgate Cemetery：*It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) seemed st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )range that Karl Marx should have lived and died in ?________．The Library of the British Museum：*The library that Karl Marx had worked had moved from its ?________ place.
The next day Windsor Castle：*Zhang Pingyu left London, dreaming to see the ________.
答案：?invaders 　?stone　?fire　?statues　?Shakespeare　?clock　?longitude　
?London　?original　Queen
三、问题引领，知识探究
考点1 quarrel n．[C]争吵；争论；吵架 vi. 争吵；吵架
教材原句 Do these differences cause conflict or quarrels 这些区别引起了冲突或争吵吗？
These men have quarre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led with each other about/over the price of a load of hay.
这帮人为了一车干草的价钱而相互争吵不休。
A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
厨子笨，怨刀钝。
She quarreled with he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r brother about/over the terms of her father's will.
她和哥哥为父亲遗嘱的条款而争吵。
He had a quarrel with his girlfriend yesterday.
昨天他跟他的女朋友争吵了一番。
[自主归纳]
①quarrel with sb.about/_over sth.　就……而与某人吵架
②quarrel with sth. 抱怨；挑毛病
③have a quarrel with sb. 和某人争吵
形象记忆 Li Ling and Tao Le qu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arreled with each other about the style of their wedding.李玲和陶乐就婚礼的风格一事吵了一架。　 HYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com"
[辨析比较]　quarrel, argue
quarrel “争吵；吵架”，重在表达因生气或强烈的不满而同别人争吵
argue “争论；辩论”，重在就自己的看法或立场提出论证说理，力图说服他人
People generally quarrel because they cannot argue.
人们常常争吵，因为他们不会辩论。
[多角度演练]
1．选词填空： argue, quarrel
①We don't want to have a quarrel,_do we
②Don't argue with me, John.Just do what I tell you.
2．句型转换
③They quarreled with each other over such a mere trifle.
→ They had a quarrel with each other about such a mere trifle.
3．完成句子
④吉姆好像总是和他父母吵架。
Jim always seems to_be_quarrelling_with his parents.
⑤我们不想为了几美元而争吵。
We're not going to quarrel_about a few dollars.
4．单项填空
⑥(2011·湖北高考)The mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nister said, “ We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we'll never________ with criminals.”
A．negotiate　　　　　 B．quarrel
C．argue D．consult
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )部长说， “我们可以和任何合法团体进行讨论，但是我们永远不会和犯罪分子谈判。” negotiate “谈判； 协商”； quarrel “争吵”； argue “争辩；争论”； consult “咨询”。
答案：A
考点2 take the place of /take one's place 代替；替换
教材原句 All of the words below can take the place of said ...下面所有这些单词都能替换“said”……
Sending e mail has almost taken the place of writing letters.
发送电子邮件几乎已经代替了写信。
She couldn't attend the meeting, so her assistant took her place.
她不能出席会议，所以由她的助手代替。
[归纳拓展]
take place　　　　发生
in place 在适当位置上；合适的
in place of sth. 代替某物
in one's place 在某人的位置上；代替某人
out of place 不合适；不适当
The agency ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s rung up.Do you want another girl sent along in place of Miss Lewis
办事处已来过电话，你想让他们派另外一个姑娘来代替刘易斯小姐吗？
The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place.
音乐会的座椅都已摆放妥当。
What would you do if you were in my place
如果你处在我的位置上，你会怎么做？
I felt out of place among the foreigners.
在一群外国人中间我觉得不自在。
[关键一点]
take the place of与i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n place of都是“代替；替代”的意思。但take the place of 是动词短语，相当于replace，在句子中作谓语。in place of 是介词短语，相当于instead of，多用作状语。
[多角度演练]
1．选词填空： take the place of, in place of
①A Disney film is being shown in_place_of the advertised programme.
②In most offices, com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )puters have taken_the_place_of the old typewriters.
2．完成句子
③在英格兰，现在电气化火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。
Electric trains have now taken_the_place_of steam trains in England.
④他们把我做这一新行当所需要的用具安放得井井有条。
They put the tools of my new business in_place.
⑤老师把全班排好队，告诉学生不要离开原地。
The teacher lined up the class and told them not to get out_of_place.
3．单项填空
⑥(2011·福建高考)More and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more high rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.
A．in search of　　　　　　　　 B．in place of
C．for lack of D．for fear of
解析：考查介词短语。in search ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of “为了寻找”；in place of “取代；代替”；for lack of “由于缺乏……”；for fear of “由于担心……”。根据句意，可知C项正确。
答案：C
考点3 break down(机器)损坏；破坏；毁掉；(人)垮掉；(关系等)中止；失败；分解
教材原句 On my way to the station my car broke down.在去车站的路上，我的车坏了。
The printing machines are always breaking down.
打印机老是出故障。
His health broke down under the pressure of work.
由于工作的压力，他的健康状况急剧恶化。
Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.
两个国家的会谈已经彻底破裂了。
[多角度演练]
1．写出下列句子中break down的含义
①The car broke down halfway to the destination.出故障
②Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances.分解
③I left London when my marriage broke down.破裂
④The bridge broke down in the big earthquake.毁掉
2．单项填空
⑤A fire ________ in his car, which made it ________ on the way.
A．was broken out; break away
B．broke out; break down
C．was broken away; break down
D．broke down; break out
解析：句意：他的车突然着火 ，这使车在路上毁掉了。break out“突然发生”；break down“出故障；毁掉”。
答案：B
考点4 arrange vt.筹备；筹划；安排；排列；整理
教材原句 They had no time to arrange their own wedding ...他们没有时间去安排他们的婚礼……
Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.
在离开之前，他把业务都安排好了。
[归纳拓展]
(1)arrange to do sth.　　　　　 安排好做某事
arrange for sb.to do sth. 安排某人做某事
arrange with sb.about sth. 和某人商量某事
It is arranged that ... 根据安排……
(2)arrangement n．[U, C] 安排；准备工作
make arrangements for 为……做安排
Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.
大卫安排人开车送他回家。
It was arranged that we have to have supper at the airport.
根据安排，我们将在机场吃晚饭。
We have already made arrangements for our vacation.
我们已经为假期作了安排。
[关键一点]
arrange不能用于arrange sb.to do sth.结构，应是arrange for sb.to do sth.。
[多角度演练]
1．单句改错
①My boss arranged ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) me to discuss business details with someone from another company.arranged后加for
2．句型转换
②You'd better talk t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o your parents about the matter and then make a decision.
→You'd better arrange with your parents about the matter.
3．完成句子
③你能安排我们明天参观上海工业展览会吗？
Can you arran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge_for_us_to_visit the Shanghai Industrial Exhibition tomorrow
④我安排好和他们在明天上午10点见面。
I arranged_to_meet_them at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.
4．单项填空
⑤(2010·天津高考)He ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )telephoned the travel agency to ________ three air tickets to London.
A．order　　　　　 B．arrange
C．take D．book
解析：此题考查动词辨析。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )order “命令；要求；订货”；arrange “安排”；take “拿走；花费”；book “预订”。句意：他给旅游公司打电话预订三张到伦敦的飞机票。故D项符合句意。
答案：D
考点5 delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦；快乐的事 vt.使高兴；使欣喜
教材原句 Her first delight was going to the Tower.她想最先参观的地方是伦敦塔。
The food will delight anyone who loves chocolate.
这种食品将会使所有喜欢巧克力的人感到高兴。
He often misses the delights of life in the country.
他时常怀念乡村生活的乐趣。
[归纳拓展]
with/in delight　　　　　　　　 高兴地；快乐地
to sb.'s delight/to the delight of sb. 令某人高兴的是
It is a delight to do sth. 很高兴做某事
take (a) delight in (doing) sth. 乐于做某事
The kids were screaming with delight.
孩子们在高兴地欢呼。
It is a delight to see you so fit and healthy.
很高兴看到你这么健康。
[word family]
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
We were delighted to hear the news of his recovery.
我们听到他痊愈的消息很高兴。
形象记忆
[多角度演练]
1．用delight的相关短语填空
①I did not expect that he should promise with_delight.
②Cage always takes_(a)_delight_in proving others wrong.
③Although its price is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) too high, the whole family is_delighted_with the new house.
2．完成句子
④To_his_delight_(令他高兴的是), his novel was accepted for publication.
⑤I am_delighted_to_be_invited (很高兴被邀请) to her party.
3．单项填空
⑥________ of his parents, he made great progress.
A．To their much delight
B．To the much delight
C．To much their delight
D．Much to the delight
解析：考查delight的短语搭 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )配。句意：令他父母非常高兴的是他取得了很大进步。much to the delight of his parents“令他父母非常高兴的是”。注意much的位置，much在这儿表示程度。
答案：D
考点6 thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊 n. [C](因快乐、恐怖、兴奋等)一阵激动；战栗
教材原句 But she was thrille ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.但是让她感到最为震惊的却是博物馆里有如此之多的来自不同文化的珍宝。
(1) vt.使激动；使胆战心惊
He was thrilled to see the scene in the play.
看到剧中这个场景，他胆战心惊。
All the audience ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) were thrilled at the athletes' performances at the Asian Para Games.
所有的观众都为运动员们在亚残会上的表现而感到激动。
(2)n.[C](因快乐、恐怖、兴奋等)一阵激动；战栗
Meeting with Zhang Yimou in Beijing was a great thrill to me.
对我来说，在北京遇到张艺谋是件令人兴奋的事情。
[自主归纳]
①be_thrilled_to_do_sth.　　胆战心惊地做某事
②be thrilled at/with sth. 对某事感到兴奋
③a_thrill_to_sb. 对某人来说是一件兴奋的事情
[word family]
thrilled adj. 感到兴奋、激动的
thrilling adj. 令人兴奋的
It was a thrilling experience to meet the president.
会见总统令人兴奋不已。
[多角度演练]
1．用thrill的适当形式填空
①The film thrilled all the audience.
②It was thrilling to cross the desert.
③I'm absolutely thrilled that you are coming.
④It gave her quite a great thrill to shake hands with the movie star.
2．完成句子
⑤这个故事使男孩惊骇不已。
The boy was_thrilled_with the story.
⑥收到邀请，我非常激动。
I was_thrilled_to_receive/at the invitation.
3．单项填空
⑦In the 1960s, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e idea of space exploration became a great ________ to the public.
A．confidence　　　　 B．thrill
C．surprise D．terror
解析：考查名词辨析。句意：20世纪60 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )年代，公众对于太空冒险的想法感到十分兴奋。thrill此处用作名词，意为“兴奋；激动”。confidence“信心”；surprise“惊讶”；terror“惊恐”，都不符合语境。
答案：B
1．What_interested_her_most was the longitude line.
她最感兴趣的是那条经线。
What interested her most是一个由what引导的主语从句。意为：她最感兴趣的事情。
what引导名词性从句时一般在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。多译为“所……的东西/事情”，相当于the thing that。
What I need is a mobile phone.
我所需要的是一部移动电话。
In some countries, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) what is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.
在某些国家，所谓的平等并不真正意味着所有的人都有平等的权力。
The terrorists declare war on us and that's what they get.
恐怖分子向我们宣战，他们得到的就是战争。
[关键一点]
(1)what和which都可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以在从句中作成分，但what只用来引导名词性从句。而which既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导定语从句，其引导名词性从句时意为“哪一个”。
(2)that既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导定语从句，在引导名词性从句时，不作句子成分，在引导定语从句时，可以作主语或宾语。
After what seemed a long time, he came back.
过了似乎很长的一段时间，他回来了。(不可用which)
One of the boys kept laughing, which annoyed Jane.
有一个男孩一直在笑，这让Jane气恼。 (不可用what)
It's no surprise that our team has won the game.
我们队会赢得比赛，没什么惊讶的。(不可用what)
[多角度演练]
1．单句改错
①Which surprised us most was the chairman's absence.Which→What_
②My idea is what you shouldn't have left the country.what→that
③A supermarket ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) has been set up in where was a wasteland ten years ago.where→what
2．句型转换
④We believe what you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have devoted yourself to is certain to come true.
→We believe the thing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that you have devoted yourself to is certain to come true.
3．完成句子
⑤我们所需要的是好医生。
What_we_need_are good doctors.
⑥我们所得不到的似乎总是要比我们拥有的要好。
What_we_cannot_get always seems better than what_we_have.
4．单项填空
⑦(2011·北京高考)________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A．Which　　　　　　　 B．What
C．That D．Whom
解析：考查名词性从句。由句中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的is 可知空格处为主语从句的引导词，且该引导词在从句中作offer 的宾语，故可排除C项；which“哪一个”；whom“谁”。故只有B项正确。
答案：B
2．It_seemed_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )strange that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_
died in London.
似乎很奇怪，这个发展了共产主义的人居然生活且死在了伦敦。
句中的it是形式主语，句子的真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句。
在It is stran ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge ( necessary, natural, important, a pity ...) that ...这类句型中，that 所引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用should＋动词原形，should 可以省略。
should在此结构中表示一种惊讶的语气，常译为“居然；竟然”。
It's strange that he should say that.
很奇怪他居然那么说。
It's necessary that y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oung and old people should communicate more with each other.
年轻人和老年人有必要进行更多的交流。
It is really amazing that they should have done the work so quickly.
他们这么快就把活儿干完了，实在令人惊讶。
[关键一点]
本句型如果描述现在或将要发生的事情，用(should＋)do的形式，如果描述过去发生的事情用should have done的形式。
[多角度演练]
1．用所给动词的适当形式填空
①It's important that we (should)__learn (learn) English well.
②It is strange that h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e should_have_failed (fail) even after he had got so much help.
2．翻译句子
③大家都按时到那里是有必要的。
It_is_necessary_that_everyone_(should)_be_there_in_time.
④It is strange that such a gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
让人吃惊的是，这样一位绅士竟然对女士这么粗鲁
3．单项填空
⑤It is strange t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat the winner of last season ________ have lost at the beginning of the season.
A．could　　　　　　 B．should
C．might D．must
解析：考查情态动词。情态动词should可 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用于表示情感、意志等的句子中，意为“竟然，居然”，故选B项。句意：上个赛季的冠军竟然在这个赛季一开始就输掉了比赛，真是奇怪。
答案：B
四、目标检测
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The two sides ________ each other ________ who would win the most gold medals in the 2016 Olympic Games.
A．quarreled with; about　　 B．argued with; of
C．argued with; about D．quarrelled to; of
解析：考查quarrel与argue的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )区别。句意：关于2016年奥运会谁将获得最多的金牌，双方就此争辩起来。quarrel“争吵；吵架”，重在表达因生气或强烈的不满而同别人争吵； argue“争论；辩论”，重在就自己的看法或立场提出论证说理，力图说服他人。
答案：C
2．People are shocked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that so many disasters ________ have happened in the recent few years.
A．might B．could
C．would D．should
解析：考查情态动词should的用法。should“竟然”，表示吃惊的语气。句意：近几年，竟有这么多灾难发生，人们感到震惊。
答案：D
3．Science exper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts think the success of the G20 mostly depends on ________ China and the US decide upon.
A．that B．how
C．which D．what
解析：考查名词性从句。解决此题关 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )键在于弄清句子结构及句意。句意：专家认为20国集团的成功主要取决于中美两国的决定。题干中“depends on”后接一宾语从句，在此从句中，“decide upon”后缺宾语，故用what来引导。
答案：D
4．Have you seen the hot 3D movie Avatar It's quite ________.
A．thrilling B．thrilled
C．shocking D．shocked
解析：考查形容词。thrilling“令人兴 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )奋的；令人激动的”；thrilled“感到兴奋的；感到激动的”；shocking“令人震惊的”；shocked“感到震惊的”。从语境知3D影片《阿凡达》应是“令人激动不已的”，故选A项。
答案：A
5．People cannot b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut feel ________ , for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
A．puzzled B．delighted
C．embarrassed D．inspired
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：人们不得不感到迷 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )惑，因为他们简直不能理解，他怎么能犯这样愚蠢的错误。puzzled“感到迷惑的”； delighted“高兴的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；inspired“深受鼓舞的”。
答案：A
6. Although he hasn't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )any formal qualifications, Betas ________ to do well for himself.
A．managed B．succeeded
C．arranged D．convinced
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。do well ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for oneself“吃香，收入多，改善自己的社会地位”。句意：虽然Betas没有正式的资力，但他收入很多。manage to do sth.(＝succeed in doing sth.)“设法做成某事”；arrange to do sth.“安排做某事”；convince“使信服”。
答案：A
7. The subway will ________ the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future.
A．make use of B．take notice of
C．make place for D．take the place of
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：未来，地铁将 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )会逐步取代公共汽车，成为人们主要的交通工具。make use of“利用”；take notice of“注意”；make place for“腾出地方给……”；take the place of“代替”。
答案：D
8．(2013·杭州高二检 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )测)Don't be so discouraged.If you ________ such feelings, you will do better next time.
A．carry on B．get back
C．break down D．put away
解析：考查动词短语的含义及语境。句意：别太泄 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )气了。如果你收起这样的情绪，下次你会做得更好。carry on“执行，继续”；get back“取回”；break down“垮掉”；put away“收拾”。
答案：D
9．Forty people got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) injured in a bus accident.Every ________ ambulance was rushed to the scene of the accident.
A．adaptable B．acceptable
C．advisable D．available
解析：考查形容词。句意：有40个人在公交车事 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )故中受伤。所有可用的救护车都赶往事故现场。available“可用的；有效的；可得到的”；acceptable“可以接受的”；advisable“明智的；可取的；适当的”；adaptable“能适应的”。
答案：D
10．His test results ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e not very ________.He does well one week and badly the next.
A．invariable B．consequent
C．continuous D．consistent
解析：考查形容词。invariable“不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )变的”；consequent“由……而起的；必然的”；continuous“持续的”；consistent“一致的”。由题意知“他多次测试的结果不是十分一致”。
答案：D
五、分层配餐
句型转换
1．I'll take my father's place to run the company.
→I'll run the company ________ ________ ________ my father.
答案：in place of
2．People in earthquake hit area need food and clothes.
→________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ is food and clothes.
答案：What people in earthquake hit area need
3．That he should have won the first place seemed very strange.
→________ ________ ________ ________ that he should have won the first place.
答案：It seemed very strange
4．It's a delight for me to visit your country.
→I ________ ________ ________ ________ your country.
答案：am delighted to visit
5．I was late because something was wrong with my bike.
→I was late because my bike ________ ________.
答案：broke down
语境翻译
上个月，我们被安排(arrange ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))去参观长城，它是世界上最壮丽(splendid)的地方之一。看到长城是最令我们心情激荡(thrill)的事情(what)。我认为没有任何地方能够取代(take the place of)它。我们如此高兴(delighted)，以至于我们希望有机会再次去北京观光旅游(sightseeing)。
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