unit3知识点精讲精练（含答案）2023学年英语八年级下册（人教新目标版）

Unit3-Could you please clean your room
1、mess 名词 messy adj. 杂乱的
be in a mess 乱七八糟
2、take out “取出；拿出”
Take …out of… 把…从..取出来
3、throw sth. to sb. 将某物扔向某人
throw sth. at sb. 用某物砸某人
throw away 扔掉 throw down 扔下
4、neither…nor… 既不…也不…
例句：Neither i nor he goes to scholl.
Either…or… 或者….或者…
例句：Either I or he goes to school.
连接两个主语，谓语动词用“就近原则” （there be）
【拓展】both…and…
例句：Both apples and bananas are my favorite fruit.
5、=the minute
As soon as （主将从现）
例句：He wil come/came home as soon as he gets/got off the bus.
他一下车就回家了。
6、pass v. 通过；递；给 n. 通过；关口
Pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物
7、borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
Lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物
8、do chores 做家务
9、when while
While+doing
When+都可
9、could you please（not） ……？ “请你…好吗？”
Could 在这里不是过去时态，表示委婉语气，后加动词原形。
肯定回答：yes，sure./sure./certainly./that’s ok/no problem.
否定回答：sorry，I can’t./sorry,I’m afraid not.because…
10、work on 从事于；忙于
Work at 致力于；从事于
Work for 为….做事
Work out 算出，想出，制定出
11、help out 帮助…摆脱（困境）
12、as adj/adv原级 as 和..一样…
Not as/so +adj/adv原级as… 不如….；比不上…
13、“neither+助/情/系+主语”表示..也不。
“so+助/情/系+主语”表示…也…。
14、In order to: 意为“为了；目的是”，后面接动词原形，位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。其否定形式，表达“为了不......”为 “ in order not to ...”
例句：In order to look after his parents, he returned to work in his hometown.为了照顾父母，他回到了家乡工作。
例句：She started at five o’clock in order not to be late. 为了不迟到，她五点就出发了。
【拓展】
in order that: “为了......”，后接从句，表示目的，从句中常含有情态动词。
例句：She set out early in order that she could arrive on time. 她很早就出发了，以便能准时到达。
14、It’s parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家给孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的责任。
provide: v. 意为“提供，供给”。常见结构： provide sth. for sb. 或 provide sb. with sth. 意为“给某人提供某物”或“供给某人某物”。
例句：He has to provide food and clothes for his family. 他得养家糊口。
例句：We’ll provide food and drink for them. 我们将向他们提供吃的和喝的。
Children these days depend on their parents too much. 如今孩子太依赖父母。
depend on: 意为“依赖，依靠”。
例句：Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.孩子靠父母供给衣食。
【拓展】
depend 常见于习语：it all depends.或that depends. 意为“视情况而定”。
例句：---- Can you come to work tomorrow 明天你能来上班吗？
---- That depends. 视情况而定。
depend 的名词形式为dependence 意为“依赖性”。其名词的反义词为independence 意为“独立性”。
例句：We should try to develop children’s independence. 我们应该尝试发展孩子的独立性。
Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 自他们与父母住在一个房子里以来，他们就应该知道每个人应当做他们的一部分来保持房子干净和整洁。
since: 此处为连词，意为“自......以后，自......以来”，引导时间状语从句。
例句：It is two years since we visited your mother. 自从我们看望你母亲以来已经两年了。
Δ拓展：
Since作连词，还可表示“由于；因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
例句：Since we don’t have money, we can’t buy a house. 由于我们没有钱，我们买不起房子。
keep: v. 保持。过去式为 kept. keep + 形容词：表示保持某种状态。
例句：We should do exercise to keep healthy. 我们应该锻炼来保持健康。
17、.As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他经常生病然后成绩下降。
drop: v. “下降，降落”；n.液滴
例句：The temperature will drop later. 稍后温度将会下降。
例句：Many drops make a shower. 积少成多。
18、单元重点短语归纳
do the dishes 洗餐具 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
go out 出去 stay out 呆在外面
help out 帮助做完某事 at least 至少
throw down 扔下 all the time 频繁，反复
in surprise 惊讶地 in order to 为了
depend on 依赖 keep it clean and tidy 保持它干净整洁
take care of 照顾 as a result 结果
一、单项选择
1．Please protect the ________ around us.
A．environment B．noise C．pollution D．rubbish
2．________ of them have finished the work because of the bad weather.
A．Neither B．Each C．None D．Either
3．— Must I return the book this week
—No, you ________. You can ________ it for 20 days.
A．mustn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow
4．—Could you please wear your mask（口罩） You are asked to wear it here.
—_______.
A．Yes, you can B．That’s right C．No problem D．You are right
5．— Shall we go fishing tomorrow
— Well, it all ________ the weather.
A．belongs to B．happens to
C．depends on D．concentrates on
6．How long may I ________ this book
A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．buy
7．You should respect (尊重) others. ________ you should respect your parents and teachers.
A．For the first time B．All the time C．Above all D．At a time
8．Every day my mother has ________ to do.
A．so many housework B．such many chores C．so much chores D．so much housework
9．Enough sleep is good for health. If you ________ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy.
A．stay up B．set up C．pick up D．wake up
10．I think it’s better for supermarkets to provide children ________ playrooms.
A．with B．to C．on D．in
二、完形填空
Although my daughter is only two years old, I let her do a few “chores”. The “chores” aren’t cleaning the house, folding the clothes or ____11____ the floor.
When she could just walk and started to play with toys (玩具), she sometimes ____12____ them away because of being bored. Seeing that, I started to teach her to put them away. Now she ____13____ it is one of her chores, and she can even do it without being asked. Another thing I asked her to do was to take her dishes to the ____14____. Now every time she finishes her meal, she gets up and runs to the kitchen ____15____her bowl or plate! It’s lovely!
Actually, I don’t make a “chore list (列表)” for her. However, little by little I ____16____ chores to her everyday life. Doing chores teaches a child to be responsible (有责任的) for ____17____ he or she does. It also helps to ____18____ a child’s independence. In my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the ____19____ it is for his or her future.
I think it’s necessary to teach children how to do some small chores, _____20_____ big chores should wait until they’re older. Do you think so
11．A．sweeping B．changing C．using D．moving
12．A．put B．threw C．gave D．kept
13．A．controls B．hates C．refuses D．understands
14．A．bedroom B．kitchen C．library D．cinema
15．A．with B．without C．for D．about
16．A．invite B．do C．add D．get
17．A．how B．what C．when D．where
18．A．notice B．cheer C．hurt D．develop
19．A．worse B．easier C．better D．harder
20．A．if B．so C．or D．but
三、阅读单选
My parents do 10 hours’ housework a week. My mother does most of the housework, like cooking and folding the clothes. My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash. He really needs to learn how to do housework. Linda, 14
My mother and my father each do 50% of the housework. My mother does the washing and cleans the living room. My father makes the bed and drives me to school. Celina, 13
My father doesn’t do a lot but he tries to help. He hangs up the clothes after my mother does the washing and my mother is happy that he always gives her a hand. Paul, 16
My mother is a doctor. She is busy with her work every day, so she has little time to do housework. In fact she isn’t good at doing housework. So my father has to do most of it. Sometimes my grandmother comes to help. Bill, 15
21．Linda’s father doesn’t ________ at home.
A．do the washing B．take out the trash
C．sweep the floor D．fold the clothes
22．How does Celina go to school
A．By bike. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By subway.
23．The underlined phrase “hangs up” means ________ in Chinese.
A．闲逛 B．晾晒 C．熨烫 D．清洗
24．Whose father does most of the housework
A．Linda’s. B．Celina’s. C．Paul’s. D．Bill’s.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Linda is one year older than Celina but one year younger than Bill.
B．Celina’s father needs to learn how to do housework.
C．Paul’s mother is angry with his father because he never helps her with housework.
D．Bill’s grandmother helps Bill with his schoolwork.
Several years ago, I spent most of my time at a mental hospital (精神病院) in our town. I found much joy there. At first it was a little scary to be there, but I stayed on, because I had a reason for doing this.
I volunteered in a locked-up (封闭的) environment. To my surprise, I found that a friend of my parents’ was a patient in this hospital. I knew, when I was a baby, this woman wanted to keep me because she had no children. I looked after this woman and showed my old photos to her. Finally, she was able to remember some old things, and she said to me one day, “Dear, you should not come here.” But I wanted to bring something happy into this woman’s life. I learned that because she had no family, she couldn’t leave here and go home. So I brought her to my home twice and I still remembered the happy smile on her face.
I have never forgotten this volunteering experience. This woman later passed away. I can’t see her anymore, but I’m happy that I have done something to make a difference in another person’s life.
26．How did the writer feel at first when working in the mental hospital
A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Interested. D．Comfortable.
27．Why couldn’t the woman leave the hospital
A．Because she couldn’t remember anything. B．Because she couldn’t look after herself.
C．Because she didn’t have any family. D．Because she didn’t want to leave.
28．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．The woman was the writer’s parents’ friend.
B．With the help of the writer, the woman could remember something old.
C．The woman saw the writer’s old photos.
D．The writer went to the woman’s home twice.
29．The underlined phrase “passed away” means “__________” in Chinese.
A．去世 B．逃离 C．居住 D．幸存
30．What is the best title for this passage
A．An unlucky woman B．A special hospital
C．My parents’ friend D．My volunteering experience
Mr. Jenkins liked all kinds of delicious food. As an important officer, he was often asked to dinner. The shopkeepers tried their best to fawn on (巴结) him. They knew it was good for their business. The officer got fatter and fatter. He could hardly go upstairs at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt tired if he walked or did some housework. He was worried about it and had to go to see a doctor.
“Stop eating much fat (脂肪) and sugar, Mr. Jenkins,” said the doctor, “or it will be worse for your health!” It was difficult for the officer to do it. He wouldn’t do as the doctor said. Of course, he found something was wrong with his heart a few months later. Now he thought the doctor was right. And he had to be in hospital.
“You must lose weight, Sir,” said the doctor, “unless you want to die soon!”
“Could you tell me a way to lose weight, please ”
“You must do exercise first.”
“Which exercise ”
“To move your head from side to side when you’re invited to dinner!”
31．Mr. Jenkins was often asked to dinner because ___________.
A．he liked fat and sugar B．he was ready to help others
C．he was friendly to the shopkeepers D．he was an important officer
32．It was difficult for Mr. Jenkins to do something so__________.
A．he didn’t go to dinner B．he began to do some exercise
C．he went to the doctor for help D．he had to take some medicine
33．__________, so he got fatter and fatter.
A．Mr. Jenkins often ate much fat and sugar B．Mr. Jenkins never did any sports
C．Mr. Jenkins preferred to sleep downstairs D．Mr. Jenkins hated to do some housework
34．What’s the meaning of “To move your head from side to side when you’re invited to dinner!”
A．To refuse others’ invitations.
B．To shake the head more often.
C．To do exercise like moving his head from side to side.
D．To accept others’ invitations.
35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to do too much exercise.
B．The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to move his head.
C．The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to eat much fat and sugar.
D．The doctor told Mr. Jenkins to put on weight.
Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes. In exchange, they get some money or other computer time. Paying kids for housework is one of the most popular topics, especially at a time when everyone is more careful about money. Some parents think since adults are paid to do their jobs, we should pay kids for everyday housework.
But some people don’t think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework. Susie Walton, an expert, believe that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn’t worth doing unless you get something in return. “Running any kind of housework is a team effort,” Walton said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and families decide how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like what they want.”
Other people believe that getting a reward encourages kids to do housework, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to get money. There are also apps(程序) that gives kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed(兑现) either online or in the real world. “Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards,” says Chris Bergman. “And kids need rewards to help encourage them. ”
36．Which of the following housework is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Washing the dishes. B．Cooking meals.
C．Folding the clothes. D．Making the bed.
37．The underlined phrase “in return” in Paragraph 3 has the same meaning as “________”.
A．as a reward B．for punishment C．on sale D．under control
38．What’s Walton’s idea in the passage
A．Running exercise is a kind o f team work.
B．People work to get some rewards.
C．Kids have responsibilities in the house.
D．Doing the housework in only the parents’ job.
39．According to Chris Bergman, kids should be encouraged to ________.
A．do housework without rewards B．do more housework
C．stay away from housework D．do housework be getting rewards
40．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Kids Should Study as Well as Doing Housework
B．Let Children Do Some Housework
C．Should Kids Be Rewarded for Doing Housework
D．Doing Housework Is Good for Children’s Study
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Sometimes parents think “Should we give the children chores Isn’t it the parents’ job ____41____ (provide) a clean and comfortable environment for children ” Now children have ____42____ (little) free time than before. Most of them have to go to after-school classes. ____43____ doing chores can really help children a lot. First, it helps children be ____44____ (independence) and learn to take care of themselves. Second, children ____45____ (help) out around the house become better team players. ____46____ (three), children will become more confident(自信的)when they find they are useful in ____47____ family. Fourth, most children do like to help their parents—they want to spend time with ____48____ (them) parents and do the same work ____49____ their parents. Finally, it is fair for children to do some ____50____ (chore). They live in one house with their parents, so they should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
五、多句选词填空
In order to,drop,pass,while,stress,mess,as soon as,fold,ill,happen
51．The baby had no_______ this winter because he ate a lot of vegetables and fruit.
52．The police in China offered help_______ they learned of the accident.They are really warm-hearted.
53．—What _______ to Jim
—He_______ his new pen on the way to school this morning.
54．To make a paper plane,you need to _______the paper in half first.
55．_______ is what you feel when you are worried about something.
56．It’s impolite to make too much noise_______ eating drinking.
57．—_______catch the train,we have to get up early tomorrow morning.
—OK.Let's go to bed now.
58．If Nancy_______ the exam,she will go to Australia for English study.
59．What a _______!You should clean up your bedroom at once.
六、材料作文
60．学生需要做家务吗？某校针对这个问题对200个学生做了一项调查。请根据下面的调查结果写一篇报道，开头已给出。
有必要（30%） 没有必要（70%）
1. 多数学生不会千家务活。 1. 学生的任务是学习而不是劳动。
2. 做家务可以锻炼吃苦耐劳的精神。 2. 学习任务繁重，没有做家务的时间。
3. 做家务可以体验父母的艰辛。 3. 做家务活是父母的事情。
你的看法：……
Is it necessary for students to do housework at home We did a survey about this. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
1．A
【解析】句意：请保护我们周围的环境。
考查名词辨析。environment环境；noise噪音；pollution污染；rubbish垃圾。根据“protect the…”可知应该是保护环境，故选A。
2．C
【解析】句意：由于恶劣的天气，他们没有人完成这项工作。
考查不定代词辨析。Neither两者都不；Each每一个；None没有人；Either（两者之中）任意一个。根据“because of the bad weather”可知，因为坏天气没有人完成工作，None符合语境。故选C。
3．C
【解析】句意：——我必须这周还书吗？——不，你不必。你可以借20天。
考查一般疑问句的回答和延续性动词。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用“No，主语+needn’t”或“No，主语+don't have to”，排除A、D；borrow借，短暂性动词；keep保留，延续性动词。由“for 20 days”可知，第二空用延续性动词。故选C。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你能戴上口罩吗？这里要求你戴上它。——没问题。
考查情景交际。Yes, you can是的，你可以；That’s right没错；No problem没问题；You are right你是对的。根据“Could you please wear your mask（口罩） You are asked to wear it here.”可知，是同意对方的请求建议，回答“没问题”符合语境。故选C。
5．C
【解析】句意：——我们明天去钓鱼好吗 ——好，那都要取决于天气。
考查动词短语。belong to属于；happen to碰巧；depend on取决于；concentrate on全神贯注于。根据“Shall we go fishing tomorrow Well, it all...the weather.”可知，明天是否能去钓鱼，完全取决于天气，答语时态为一般现在时，主语为it，第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，depend“依赖”，动词。故选C。
6．C
【解析】句意：这本书我可以保存多久？
考查动词辨析。borrow借；lend借出；keep保留，保存；buy购买。根据“How long”可知询问的是书可以保留的时间长短，谓语动词应用延续性动词keep来表示“保留，保存”。故选C。
7．C
【解析】句意：你应该尊重别人。尤其是，你应该尊重你的父母和老师。
考查副词短语。for the first time第一次；all the time一直；above all最重要的是，尤其是；at a time每次。根据“You should respect others. ... you should respect your parents and teachers.”可知，此处是强调尤其要尊重父母和老师，故选C。
8．D
【解析】句意：每天我的妈妈有如此多的家务活要做。
考查形容词和名词辨析。many，修饰可数名词；much，修饰不可数名词；housework，不可数名词；chore，可数名词。应用much修饰不可数名词housework“家务活”，当名词前面有many/much/few/little修饰时，用so而不用such，排除选项A；chores是复数名词，前面应该用so many修饰，排除选项B和C。故选D。
9．A
【解析】句意：充足的睡眠对健康有好处。如果你熬夜看喜欢的电视节目，你会困乏。
考查动词短语。stay up熬夜，不睡觉；set up建立；pick up捡起；wake up醒来。根据“Enough sleep is good for health”可知，充足的睡觉对健康有好处，所以熬夜会让人疲劳。故选A。
10．A
【解析】句意：我觉得超市为孩子们提供游乐室会更好。
考查介词辨析。with用；to到；on在……上；in在……里。根据“provide children”可知此处应用动词短语provide sb. with sth.表示“提供给某人某物”。故选A。
11．A 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．C 20．D
【解析】本文作者主要讲述了如何教自己的女儿“做家务”，比如她会让女儿把自己的玩具收拾好，并让她知道这是她应该做的事情。在作者看来，从小培养孩子做家务是件有意义的事。
11．句意：“家务”不是打扫房子、叠衣服或扫地。
sweeping扫；changing改变；using使用；moving移动。根据“the floor”可知，此处是扫地，短语sweep the floor“扫地”，故选A。
12．句意：她有时因为无聊而把它们扔掉。
put放；threw扔；gave给；kept保持。根据“because of being bored.”可知，此处是觉得无聊就扔掉它们。短语throw away意为“扔掉”。故选B。
13．句意：现在她明白了这是她的一件家务活，她甚至可以不被要求就做。
controls控制；hates讨厌；refuses拒绝；understands理解。根据“Seeing that, I started to teach her to put them away.”可知，说通过让女儿收拾玩具来让她“明白”这是她的“家务”。understand意为“理解，明白”，符合语境。故选D。
14．句意：我让她做的另一件事是把她的盘子拿到厨房。
bedroom卧室；kitchen厨房；library图书馆；cinema电影院。根据“take her dishes”可知，此处是把她的盘子拿到厨房，故选B。
15．句意：她站起来，拿着碗或盘子跑向厨房！
with带有，具有；without没有；for为了；about关于。根据“her bowl or plate!”可知，此处是带着碗或盘子跑向厨房，故选A。
16．句意：然而，我一点一点地为她的日常生活增添了家务。
invite邀请；do做；add增加；get得到。根据“chores to her everyday life”可知，此处是把家务添到她的日常生活，add…to…是固定短语，意为“把……加到……上”。故选C。
17．句意：做家务教孩子对自己的行为负责。
how怎样；what什么；when何时；where在哪。空处所填词作does的宾语，此处是what引导的宾语从句，故选B。
18．句意：这也有助于培养孩子的独立性。
notice注意；cheer欢呼；hurt伤害；develop发展。根据“a child’s independence”可知，此处是培养孩子的独立性，故选D。
19．句意：在我看来，孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来就越好。
worse更差； easier更容易的；better更好的；harder更艰难的。根据“the earlier a kid learns to be independent,”可知，孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来就越好。故选C。
20．句意：我认为有必要教孩子们如何做一些小家务，但大家务应该等到他们长大后再做。
if如果；so因此；or否则；but但是。空格前后内容是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故选D。
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文主要讲了几个孩子谈论爸爸妈妈做家务的事情。
21．细节理解题。根据Linda的介绍中“My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash.”可知，没有提到她的父亲叠衣服。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Celina的介绍中“My father makes the bed and drives me to school.”可知，Celina乘坐父亲的车去上学。故选C。
23．词义猜测题。解析画线短语所在句的语境及“…after my mother does the washing”可知，当Paul的母亲洗完衣服后，他的父亲总是晾衣服，hangs up意为“晾晒”。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据Bill的介绍中“So my father has to do most of it.”可知，他的父亲做大部分家务。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据表格内容可知，Linda是14岁，而Celina是13岁，Bill是15岁，因此Linda比Celina大一岁而比Bill小一岁，A选项表述正确。故选A。
26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文介绍作者在精神病院做支援工作时，遇到妈妈朋友的故事。
26．细节理解题。根据“At first it was a little scary to be there, but I stayed on, because I had a reason for doing this.”可知作者最初去精神病院时，觉得有点害怕。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“I learned that because she had no family, she couldn’t leave here and go home. ”可知女人不能离开医院，因为她没有家人。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“ So I brought her to my home twice and I still remembered the happy smile on her face.”可知作者带女人回作者家两次，而不是去女人家。故选D。
29．词义推断题。根据“ I can’t see her anymore...”可知女人过世了，所以作者再也看不到她了。故选A。
30．最佳标题题。根据“I volunteered in a locked-up environment.”和全文可知本文介绍了作者的志愿经历。故选D。
31．D 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个爱好美食的官员，由于不节制的吃，最终导致了疾病，医生建议他必须减肥，杜绝大吃大喝。
31．细节理解题。根据“As an important officer, he was often asked to dinner.”可知，作为一个重要的官员，詹金斯先生经常被请去吃饭。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“He could hardly go upstairs at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt tired if he walked or did some housework. He was worried about it and had to go to see a doctor.”可知，詹金斯先生做一些事情很困难，所以他去看医生寻求帮助。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“Stop eating much fat (脂肪) and sugar, Mr. Jenkins”可推知，詹金斯先生摄入太多脂肪和糖了，所以他变得越来越胖。故选A。
34．词句猜测题。根据“To move your head from side to side when you’re invited to dinner!”可知，医生建议詹金斯先生，在被邀请去吃饭时，他头要左右摆动，也就是要拒绝他人的邀请。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据“ ‘Stop eating much fat (脂肪) and sugar, Mr. Jenkins,’ said the doctor”可知，医生建议詹金斯先生不要摄入太多的脂肪和糖。故选C。
36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．C
【解析】文章大意：现在很多孩子所家务，比如洗盘子，铺床，叠衣服等等，很多父母会给出孩子钱或玩电脑的时间作为报酬，有些人支持这种做法，认为是对孩子做家务的一种鼓励；但是有些人是反对的，他们认为家务是家庭每个成员应该承担的义务。
36．细节理解题。根据“Many kids do housework such as doing the dishes, making the bed, and folding the clothes.”可知，这里提到了洗盘子，铺床，叠衣服，而没有提到选项中的做饭，故选B。
37．词义猜测题。根据But some people don’t think kids should get rewards(报酬) for doing housework”，父母通常用给钱的方式作为做家务的一种回报，故in return在这里意思是“回报，报酬”，与as a reward同义，故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house”可知在他看来，家里的每一位成员都有完成家务的责任，故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一句的描述“‘Our goal is to give kids lawful power so they can get rewards,’ says Chris Bergman. ‘And kids need rewards to help encourage them.’”可知Chris Bergman认为孩子们可以得到报酬，他们需要报酬作为鼓励。故选D。
40．最佳标题。阅读短文可知，本文主要针对孩子做家务是否应得到报酬，而列出了两种不同的观点，C选项“孩子做家务应该得到奖励吗”符合本文标题，故选C。
41．to provide 42．less 43．But 44．independent 45．helping 46．Third 47．the 48．their 49．as 50．chores
【解析】现在的孩子们空闲时间比以前少了，因为他们中有很多人不得不去课外补习班学习。但是做家务真的能帮到孩子们很多。文中提到了五点做家务的好处。
41．句意：为孩子们提供一个干净舒适的环境难道不是父母的职责吗？此空作名词job的后置定语，要用动词不定式，故填to provide。
42．句意：现在孩子们比以前有更少的时间。根据“than”可知，此空应填little的比较级less“更少的”，故填less。
43．句意：但是做家务真的可以帮助孩子们很多。空格前后文表转折关系，故填But。
44．句意：首先，它帮助孩子独立，学会照顾自己。be后接形容词作表语，故填independent。
45．句意：其次，帮助做家务的孩子会成为更好的团队合作者。“children…out around the house”在句中作主语，故此空应填动名词，故填helping。
46．句意：第三，当孩子们发现他们在家庭中有用时，他们会变得更加自信。根据“First”“Second”可知，此空表示“第三”，此空在句首，首字母要大写，故填Third。
47．句意：第三，当孩子们发现他们在家庭中有用时，他们会变得更加自信。in the family“在家庭中”，故填the。
48．句意：第四，大多数孩子确实喜欢帮助他们的父母——他们想花时间和他们的父母在一起，和他们的父母做同样的工作。此空修饰名词“parents”，要用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
49．句意：第四，大多数孩子确实喜欢帮助他们的父母——他们想花时间和他们的父母在一起，和他们的父母做同样的工作。the same as“与……相同”，故填as。
50．句意：最后，让孩子做一些家务是公平的。do some chores“做家务”，故填chores。
51．illness 52．as soon as 53． happened dropped 54．fold 55．Stress 56．while 57．In order to 58．passes 59．mess
【解析】51．句意：这个宝宝吃了许多蔬菜和水果，所以这个冬天没有生病。根据从句“because he ate a lot of vegetables and fruit”可知，吃了许多蔬菜和水果使得宝宝没有生病。故填illness。
52．句意：中国警方得知事故后立即提供帮助。他们真的很热心。根据上下句之间的关系，表示“中国警方一得知事故后就提供帮助的”，构成时间状语从句可知，应该使用as soon as。
53．句意：——吉姆怎么了？——今天早上他在上学的路上丢了他的新钢笔。根据上下句的语境和“to Jim”可知，表示询问“吉姆怎么了？”故应该使用happen；根据“his new pen on the way to school”可知，上学路上新钢笔丢了，故应该使用drop；根据“this morning”可知，上下句应该使用一般过去时。故填happened；dropped。
54．句意：要做纸飞机，你需要先把纸对折。根据语境和“To make a paper plane…
the paper in half ”可知，应该表示“把纸对折”，故填fold；根据need to do sth.可知，应该填动词原形。故填fold。
55．句意：压力是当你担心某事时你的感受。根据语境可知，表示一种由担心某事而引起的感受，结合所给单词和谓语动词，应该使用stress，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Stress。
56．句意：吃喝时太吵是不礼貌的。根据语境和“eating drinking”表示“当吃喝时”可知，应该使用while。
57．句意：——为了赶上火车，我们明天早上必须早起。——好吧。让我来我们现在上床睡觉。根据语境可知，表示“目的”，故应该使用in order to，首字母应该大写。故填In order to。
58．句意：如果南希通过考试，她将去澳大利亚学习英语。根据语境和“the exam”可知，应该表示“通过考试”；根据if引导的条件状语从句可知，应该使用一般现在时，主语是“Nancy”，第三人称单数。故填passes。
59．句意：真是一团糟！你应该马上打扫你的卧室。根据“You should clean up your bedroom at once.”可知，上句表示“一团糟”。故填mess。
60．例文
Is it necessary for students to do housework at home We did a survey about this. According to the result, we knew most of the students (about 70%) thought it was not necessary for students to do housework. They thought it was the job of their parents. As students, their duty was to study hard. They had no time to do housework because of their heavy homework. On the other hand, some students (about 30%) thought it was good for them to do housework. Because they could learn a lot by doing it, and knew how hard their parents were. I think we students should spend some time on housework, no matter how busy we are.
【解析】[总体解析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：要求根据表格的调查结果写一篇报道，可适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致。
[写作步骤]
第一步，首先引出话题，讲述调查结果；
第二步，具体阐述不同学生的不同观点；
第三步，表达自己的看法。
[亮点词汇]
①According to根据
②have no time to do sth.没时间做某事
③be good for对……有好处
④spend time on sth.花时间在某事上
[高分句型]
①They thought it was the job of their parents.（宾语从句）
②Because they could learn a lot by doing it, and knew how hard their parents were.（原因状语从句）
③I think we students should spend some time on housework, no matter how busy we are.（宾语从句）