Unit 3 分层练习（解析版）--2022-2023学年度八年级英语下册基础知识专项讲练（人教版）

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room （分层练习）
基础篇
一、单项选择
1．—Could I ________ your dictionary
—Yes, of course you ________.
A．borrow; could B．lend; can C．borrow; can
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我可以借你的词典吗？——当然可以。
考查动词辨析。borrow“借入”；lend“借出”。根据句意可知是要借入别人的东西，所以第一个空用borrow；问句中的could表示委婉语气，回答用can/can’t。故选C。
2．I’m going to Beijing on business. I will call you ________ I arrive there.
A．as long as B．as soon as C．as well as
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我要去北京出差。我一到那里就给你打电话。
考查连词。as long as只要；as soon as一……就……； as well as也。根据“I will call you … I arrive there.”可知，此处表示一到就打电话，用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选B。
3．—I don’t want to have online classes anymore in the future, for my eyes always hurt.
—________ do I. I really want to come back to school.
A．Both B．Either C．Neither D．So
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不想再上网课了，因为我的眼睛总是疼。——我也不想。我真的很想回到学校。
考查倒装句。both两者都；either两者之一；neither也不；so如此。根据“I don’t want to have online classes anymore”以及“I really want to come back to school”可知表示自己也不想上网课，用结构“neither+助动词+主语”。故选C。
4．—Would you like some tea or coffee
—________. I’d like some water.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你想要一些茶还是咖啡？——都不想要。我想要一些水。
考查代词用法。Either两者中任何一个；Neither两者都不；Both两者都。根据“I’d like some water.”可知，茶和咖啡都不要，应用neither，故选B。
5．—________ you please give me a hand I can’t move the box by myself.
—No problem.
A．Could B．May C．Should D．Must
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能帮我一下吗？我自己搬不动这个箱子。——没问题。
考查情态动词辨析。Could能；May可能；Should应该；Must必须。根据“I can’t move the box by myself.”可知，我自己搬不动这个箱子，因此请求别人帮助，Could you do sth “你能做某事吗？”，表示委婉地请求。故选A。
6．—How long can I ________ this book
—For five days. You must return it by Friday.
A．keep B．borrow C．lend
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这本书我可以借多久？——五天。你必须在星期五之前归还。
考查动词辨析。keep保留，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词；lend借出，非延续性动词。根据“how long”和“For five days.”可知，与一段时间连用，应用延续性动词keep。故选A。
7．As teenagers, we shouldn’t ________ our parents too much.
A．look up B．care for C．depend on D．agree with
【答案】C
【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们不应该太依赖父母。
考查动词短语。look up查阅；care for照料；depend on依靠；agree with同意。根据“we shouldn’t...our parents too much”可知我们不能太依赖父母。故选C。
8．A lot of students spend much time on schoolwork ________ get into a good university.
A．so that B．in order to C．as soon as
【答案】B
【详解】句意：为了进入一所好大学，很多学生花很多时间在功课上。
考查介词短语。so that为了，后加句子；in order to为了，后加动词原形；as soon as一……就……。根据“A lot of students spend much time on schoolwork...get into a good university.”可知后面句子表示目的，且空后是动词原形，应用in order to表示目的。故选B。
9．The girl is too young. She can’t ________ herself now.
A．take after B．take up C．take care of D．take care
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个女孩太小了。她现在不能照顾自己。
考查动词短语。take after和……像；take up占据；take care of照顾；take care当心。根据“The girl is too young. She can’t...herself now.”可知女孩太小了，无法照顾自己，故选C。
10．Don’t give him too much ________, because he knows what to do.
A．pollution B．stress C．matter D．trouble
【答案】B
【详解】句意：不要给他太多压力，因为他知道该怎么做。
考查名词辨析。pollution污染；stress压力；matter问题；trouble困难。根据“because he knows what to do”可知，他知道怎么做，所以是说不要给他太多压力，故选B。
11．I don’t think it’s ________ to ask little children to do much housework.
A．interesting B．strict C．fair D．important
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我认为让小孩子做很多家务是不公平的。
考查形容词辨析。interesting有趣的；strict严格的；fair公平的；important重要的。根据“I don’t think it’s…to ask little children to do much housework”可知，认为让小孩子做许多家务是不公平，故选C。
12．In many foreign countries, the 18-year-old children will be ________, they won’t depend on their parents.
A．independent B．lonely C．disabled
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在国外许多国家，年满18岁的孩子将会独立，他们将不再依赖他们的父母。
考查形容词词义辨析。independent独立的；lonely孤独的；disabled有残疾的。根据“they won’t depend on their parents”可知，年满18岁的孩子不再依赖他们的父母，所以他们是独立的。故选A。
13．—________ we have a few minutes to wait for the train, let’s have a cup of coffee.
—Good idea.
A．Since B．Though C．Before
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——既然我们还有几分钟时间等火车，让我们喝杯咖啡吧。 ——好主意。
考查从属连词辨析。Since由于，既然；Though虽然，尽管；Before在……之前。根据“… we have a few minutes to wait for the train, let’s have a cup of coffee.”可知，前后句之间表达的是因果关系，因此用Since引导原因状语从句。故选A。
14．—How is Mike now
—I heard a company(公司) ________ a good job for him and he is living a happy life now.
A．passed B．provided C．raised D．developed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——Mike现在怎么样了？——我听说一家公司给他提供了一份好的工作，他现在过着幸福的生活。
考查动词辨析。passed通过；provided提供；raised提高；developed发展。根据“a good job for him”可知，此处为provide sth for sb“提供某人某物”。故选B。
15．A lot of new roads will be built in order to ________ the villages in the next five years.
A．surprise B．develop C．raise D．make
【答案】B
【详解】句意：为了在未来五年发展这些村庄，将修建许多新的道路。
考查动词辨析。surprise使惊讶；develop发展；raise筹集；make制造。根据“A lot of new roads will be built in order to...the villages”可知修路是为了发展村庄。故选B。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
16．Linda is a careful girl. She hates ________ (make) mistakes.
【答案】to make/making
【详解】句意：琳达是一个细心的女孩。她讨厌犯错误。hate to do sth=hate doing sth“讨厌做某事”，是固定短语，此处应用不定式或动名词形式，故填to make/making。
17．—When will your brother arrive
—I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he ________ (get) off the train.
【答案】gets
【详解】句意：——你哥哥什么时候到？——我不知道。他一下火车就会给我打电话。as soon as意为“一……就……”，在其引导的时间状语从句中，当主句采用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，从句主语he为第三人称单数，故填gets。
18．—Could you please ________ (not smoke) in the room
—Oh, I’m sorry.
【答案】not smoke
【详解】句意：——请你不要在房间里抽烟好吗？——哦，对不起。Could为情态动词，后应用动词原形，not置于Could后、实义动词smoke前，故填not smoke。
19．I think it is _________ (fair) to the young child to do so much chores.
【答案】unfair
【详解】句意：我认为对小孩子来说做这么多家务是不公平的。分析句子结构可知，此处考查形容词作表语，结合语义，形容词fair“公平的”应变形为反义词unfair“不公平的”。故填unfair。
20．Teenagers should try to live alone to develop their ________ (independent).
【答案】independence
【详解】句意：青少年应该试着独自生活，以培养他们的独立性。由“their”可知，后跟名词，independence“独立性”，不可数名词。故填independence。
21．It is important for students ________ (develop) healthy eating habits.
【答案】to develop
【详解】句意：对学生们来说培养健康的饮食习惯是重要的。It is adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，此处用动词不定式作句子真正的主语。故填to develop。
22．I think you should spend more time ________ (practice) basketball, because you want to be a basketball player.
【答案】practicing
【详解】句意：我认为你应该花更多的时间练习篮球，因为你想成为一名篮球运动员。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填practicing。
23．There is no need for us ________ (buy) something for the party at once.
【答案】to buy
【详解】句意：我们没有必要马上为聚会买东西。根据“no need”可知此处填不定式作定语。故填to buy。
24．The ________ (develop) of 5G makes people’s life more convenient.
【答案】development
【详解】句意：5G的发展使人们的生活更便利了。此处作主语，应该填名词。develop意为“发展”，是动词，其名词形式为development，故填development。
25．We all know Japan is a ________ country in Asia. (develop)
【答案】developed
【详解】句意：我们都知道日本是亚洲的一个发达国家。由常识可知，日本是一个发达国家，developed“发达的”，形容词作定语修饰名词country。故填developed。
三、根据首字母填空
26．S________ we still have a few minutes to wait for the train, let’s have a cup of coffee.
【答案】(S)ince
【详解】句意：既然我们还有几分钟时间等火车，我们就去喝杯咖啡吧。根据“let’s have a cup of coffee”结合首字母可知，去喝咖啡是因为还要等几分钟火车，用since“既然”引导原因状语从句。故填(S)ince。
27．Parents should d_________ children’s independence to take care of themselves.
【答案】(d)evelop
【详解】句意：父母应该培养孩子独立生活的能力。根据“Parents should...children’s independence”以及首字母可知，此处是指父母应该培养孩子独立生活的能力。develop“培养，发展”，动词。情态动词should后加动词原形，故填(d)evelop。
28．Mrs. Brown always advises Betty not to w________ money on clothes she doesn’t need.
【答案】(w)aste
【详解】句意：布朗太太总是劝贝蒂不要把钱浪费在她不需要的衣服上。根据“not to...money on clothes she doesn’t need.”结合首字母可知，此处应填waste表示“浪费”，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形。故填(w)aste。
29．The waiter d_____ the glass on the ground and it broke into pieces.
【答案】(d)ropped
【详解】句意：服务员把杯子掉在地上摔成了碎片。根据“it broke into pieces.”可知，当杯子掉在地上时才会摔成碎片，drop“使掉下”，又根据“broke”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词填过去式dropped。故填(d)ropped。
30．Try to learn to be i________ so that we will be able to make a living by ourselves when growing up.
【答案】(i)ndependent
【详解】句意：试着学会独立，这样长大后就能自己谋生了。此空为形容词作表语，根据“... so that we will be able to make a living by ourselves when growing up.”可知此处指独立生活，independent表示“独立的”。故填(i)ndependent。
31．You are 15 years old. You shouldn’t d________ on your parents.
【答案】(d)epend
【详解】句意：你15岁了。你不应该依赖你的父母。根据“You are 15 years old”可知此处指“不应该依赖你的父母”；depend“依靠”，depend on“依靠……”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(d)epend。
32．I often do some housework at home, such as f________ clothes and cleaning up the room.
【答案】(f)olding
【详解】句意：我经常在家做一些家务，比如叠衣服和打扫房间。根据题干“I often do some housework at home”和“clothes”和首字母提示，可知叠衣服是家务的一种，fold“折叠”符合句意，such as“例如”，as为介词，后接动名词形式，故填(f)olding。
33．Mary s________ the bedroom and put all her things in the right place.
【答案】(s)wept
【详解】句意：玛丽打扫了卧室，并且将她所有的东西都放在了合适的位置。根据对句子结构的分析可知，此处需填入以s开头的动词。结合主语“Mary”和“put”可知，此处的“put”为动词的过去式，所以，设空处也需填入动词的过去式。sweep打扫，其过去式为swept，符合题意。故填(s)wept。
34．What a m______ you made! You’d better clean it up before Mum gets home.
【答案】(m)ess
【详解】句意：你弄得多么脏乱，你最好在母亲到家之前把它清扫干净。短语make a mess弄得一团糟，根据句意及首字母提示，故填(m)ess。
35．There are five f________ on each hand.
【答案】fingers
【详解】句意：每只手有五个手指。根据“There are five … on each hand.”结合首字母提示，可知此处表达的是“手指”finger，且前面有数词five修饰，应用其复数形式，故填fingers。
提高篇
一、单项选择
1．—We should talk to our parents, they often provide help ________ us when we’re in trouble.
—Yeah, we can depend ________ them.
A．with; to B．with; on C．for; on D．for; with
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我们应该和父母谈谈，他们经常在我们有困难的时候为我们提供帮助。——是的，我们可以依靠他们。
考查介词辨析。with和，用；to到；on在……上面；for为了。根据“they often provide help... us”可知，空一为provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”，用介词for；由“we can depend ... them.”可知，此处为depend on“依靠”，用介词on。故选C。
2．—Mum, could I play with my classmates for a while after I finish my homework
— ________. But you must come back before supper and keep safe.
A．Yes, you can B．Of course, you can’t C．Yes, you could
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我做完作业可以和我的同学玩一会儿吗？——可以。但是你必须在晚饭之前回来并且保证安全。
考查情态动词和情景交际。根据“But you must come back before supper and keep safe.”可知此处应回答可以出去，can表示许可，因此用“Yes, you can”。故选A。
3．—Could I ________ a dictionary from you, David
—Sorry, I ________ it to my cousin yesterday.
A．lend; borrowed B．borrow; lend C．borrow; lent
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我能想你借一本字典吗，大卫？——抱歉，昨天我把它借给我表哥了。
考查动词短语和时态。lend借给，动词；borrowed为动词borrow的过去式或过去分词；borrow借，动词；lent为动词lend的过去式或过去分词。根据语境可知，我向大卫借字典，大卫把字典借给了他表哥，borrow sth from sb表示“向某人借某物”，排除A，lend sth to sb表示“把某物借给某人”，又因“yesterday”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，lent为动词lend的过去式。故选C。
4．We should learn English well ________ we can tell China stories to the world.
A．in order to B．in order that C．so as to D．such that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们应该学好英语，以便向世界讲述中国的故事。
考查目的状语从句。in order to为了，后接动词原形；in order that为了，以便，后加状语从句；so as to为了，后接动词原形；such that是这样……以致。根据“We should learn English well...we can tell China stories to the world.”可知应该学好英语，以便向世界讲述中国的故事，后面是从句，所以应用in order that。故选B。
5．—Don’t be angry with your kids when they make mistakes again, will you
—No, I won’t. I know that ________ of us is perfect （完美的）.
A．none B．neither C．each D．every
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——当你的孩子再犯错误时，不要生他们的气，好吗？——好的，我不会了。我知道我们中没有一个人是完美的。
考查不定代词辨析。none没有一个（三者或三者以上）；neither两者都不；each每一个（两者及以上）；every（与单数名词连用，指政体中的）每一个。根据“of us”可知，此处的范围是三者及以上，且结合回答“No, I won’t.”可知，不会生孩子们的气，因为没有人是完美的，此处表示否定，用none。故选A。
6．—Mr. Li, Chen Ming seems to have a fever.
—Let’s take him to the hospital ________.
A．right away B．all the time C．for example
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——李老师，陈明好像发烧了。——我们马上带他去医院吧。
考查副词短语。right away马上，立刻；all the time一直；for example例如。根据“Mr. Li, Chen Ming seems to have a fever.”可知，陈明好像发烧了，所以此处“Let’s take him to the hospital...”应是表示马上带他去医院，此空应是right away。故选A。
7．—Peter, Mom will be back. Could you please ________ a few things
—All right. Let me fold the clothes.
A．help out with B．take care of C．run out of
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——彼得，妈妈会回来的。你能帮我做几件事吗？——好的。让我来叠衣服。
考查动词短语。help out with帮助；take care of照顾；run out of用完。根据“Let me fold the clothes.”可知是指帮忙做事情，故选A。
8．Liu Tao didn’t win the game. But ________, he did his best.
A．anyway B．anything C．anytime
【答案】A
【详解】句意：刘涛没有赢得比赛。但无论如何，他尽了最大努力。
考查词义辨析。anyway无论如何；anything任何事；anytime随时。根据“he did his best”可知，他尽力了，可推测出是“无论如何”符合题意，故选A。
9．—Helen, could you please water the flowers in my garden
—________. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
A．That’s too bad B．With pleasure C．You’re welcome D．I’m afraid not
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Helen，你能给我花园里的花浇水吗？——我恐怕不能。我割伤了手指，我在努力不让它弄湿。
考查情景交际。That’s too bad那太糟糕了；With pleasure我很愿意；You’re welcome不客气；I’m afraid not我恐怕不能。根据“I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet”可知，手指受伤了，所以不能帮忙浇水，故选D。
10．All the workers are very tired, but ________ of them would like to have a rest.
A．all B．neither C．any D．none
【答案】D
【详解】句意：所有的工人都很累，但是没有一个人愿意休息一下。
考查不定代词。all（三者或三者以上）都；neither（两者）都不；any任意一个，通常用于否定句/疑问句； none（三者或三者以上）没有一个。上文“All the workers are very tired”， 根据but表句意转折可知此处指“所有的工人没有一个人愿意休息一下”。故选D。
二、完形填空
Although my daughter is only two years old, I let her do a few “chores”. The “chores” aren’t cleaning the house, folding the clothes or ____11____ the floor.
When she could just walk and started to play with toys (玩具), she sometimes ____12____ them away because of being bored. Seeing that, I started to teach her to put them away. Now she ____13____ it is one of her chores, and she can even do it without being asked. Another thing I asked her to do was to take her dishes to the ____14____. Now every time she finishes her meal, she gets up and runs to the kitchen ____15____her bowl or plate! It’s lovely!
Actually, I don’t make a “chore list (列表)” for her. However, little by little I ____16____ chores to her everyday life. Doing chores teaches a child to be responsible (有责任的) for ____17____ he or she does. It also helps to ____18____ a child’s independence. In my opinion, the earlier a kid learns to be independent, the ____19____ it is for his or her future.
I think it’s necessary to teach children how to do some small chores, _____20_____ big chores should wait until they’re older. Do you think so
11．A．sweeping B．changing C．using D．moving
12．A．put B．threw C．gave D．kept
13．A．controls B．hates C．refuses D．understands
14．A．bedroom B．kitchen C．library D．cinema
15．A．with B．without C．for D．about
16．A．invite B．do C．add D．get
17．A．how B．what C．when D．where
18．A．notice B．cheer C．hurt D．develop
19．A．worse B．easier C．better D．harder
20．A．if B．so C．or D．but
【参考答案】
11．A 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．C 20．D
【语篇解读】
本文作者主要讲述了如何教自己的女儿“做家务”，比如她会让女儿把自己的玩具收拾好，并让她知道这是她应该做的事情。在作者看来，从小培养孩子做家务是件有意义的事。
【详情解析】
11．【A】句意：“家务”不是打扫房子、叠衣服或扫地。
sweeping扫；changing改变；using使用；moving移动。根据“the floor”可知，此处是扫地，短语sweep the floor“扫地”，故选A。
12．【B】句意：她有时因为无聊而把它们扔掉。
put放；threw扔；gave给；kept保持。根据“because of being bored.”可知，此处是觉得无聊就扔掉它们。短语throw away意为“扔掉”。故选B。
13．【D】句意：现在她明白了这是她的一件家务活，她甚至可以不被要求就做。
controls控制；hates讨厌；refuses拒绝；understands理解。根据“Seeing that, I started to teach her to put them away.”可知，说通过让女儿收拾玩具来让她“明白”这是她的“家务”。understand意为“理解，明白”，符合语境。故选D。
14．【B】句意：我让她做的另一件事是把她的盘子拿到厨房。
bedroom卧室；kitchen厨房；library图书馆；cinema电影院。根据“take her dishes”可知，此处是把她的盘子拿到厨房，故选B。
15．【A】句意：她站起来，拿着碗或盘子跑向厨房！
with带有，具有；without没有；for为了；about关于。根据“her bowl or plate!”可知，此处是带着碗或盘子跑向厨房，故选A。
16．【C】句意：然而，我一点一点地为她的日常生活增添了家务。
invite邀请；do做；add增加；get得到。根据“chores to her everyday life”可知，此处是把家务添到她的日常生活，add…to…是固定短语，意为“把……加到……上”。故选C。
17．【B】句意：做家务教孩子对自己的行为负责。
how怎样；what什么；when何时；where在哪。空处所填词作does的宾语，此处是what引导的宾语从句，故选B。
18．【D】句意：这也有助于培养孩子的独立性。
notice注意；cheer欢呼；hurt伤害；develop发展。根据“a child’s independence”可知，此处是培养孩子的独立性，故选D。
19．【C】句意：在我看来，孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来就越好。
worse更差； easier更容易的；better更好的；harder更艰难的。根据“the earlier a kid learns to be independent,”可知，孩子越早学会独立，对他或她的未来就越好。故选C。
20．【D】句意：我认为有必要教孩子们如何做一些小家务，但大家务应该等到他们长大后再做。
if如果；so因此；or否则；but但是。空格前后内容是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故选D。
阅读单选
A
My parents do 10 hours’ housework a week. My mother does most of the housework, like cooking and folding the clothes. My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash. He really needs to learn how to do housework. Linda, 14
My mother and my father each do 50% of the housework. My mother does the washing and cleans the living room. My father makes the bed and drives me to school. Celina, 13
My father doesn’t do a lot but he tries to help. He hangs up the clothes after my mother does the washing and my mother is happy that he always gives her a hand. Paul, 16
My mother is a doctor. She is busy with her work every day, so she has little time to do housework. In fact she isn’t good at doing housework. So my father has to do most of it. Sometimes my grandmother comes to help. Bill, 15
Linda’s father doesn’t ________ at home.
A．do the washing B．take out the trash C．sweep the floor D．fold the clothes
22．How does Celina go to school
A．By bike. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By subway.
23．The underlined phrase “hangs up” means ________ in Chinese.
A．闲逛 B．晾晒 C．熨烫 D．清洗
24．Whose father does most of the housework
A．Linda’s. B．Celina’s. C．Paul’s. D．Bill’s.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Linda is one year older than Celina but one year younger than Bill.
B．Celina’s father needs to learn how to do housework.
C．Paul’s mother is angry with his father because he never helps her with housework.
D．Bill’s grandmother helps Bill with his schoolwork.
【参考答案】
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A
【语篇解读】
本文主要讲了几个孩子谈论爸爸妈妈做家务的事情。
【详情解析】
21．【D】细节理解题。根据Linda的介绍中“My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash.”可知，没有提到她的父亲叠衣服。故选D。
22．【C】细节理解题。根据Celina的介绍中“My father makes the bed and drives me to school.”可知，Celina乘坐父亲的车去上学。故选C。
23．【B】词义猜测题。分析画线短语所在句的语境及“…after my mother does the washing”可知，当Paul的母亲洗完衣服后，他的父亲总是晾衣服，hangs up意为“晾晒”。故选B。
24．【D】细节理解题。根据Bill的介绍中“So my father has to do most of it.”可知，他的父亲做大部分家务。故选D。
25．【A】推理判断题。根据表格内容可知，Linda是14岁，而Celina是13岁，Bill是15岁，因此Linda比Celina大一岁而比Bill小一岁，A选项表述正确。故选A。
B
In some Western countries, many children do chores to get pocket money. They usually start to do this when they are ten years old.
School students have to do homework and study for tests. They don’t have much free time on weekdays. They often do chores on weekends.
Young kids only do easy chores. So they don’t get much money. But that’s enough. Many of them only want to buy candy. And candy is cheap! They often help do the dishes, sweep the floor, or feed the pet cat or dog.
When they get older, they want to buy more and more things. They want things that are more expensive than candy. So they have to work harder! They often help their parents wash the family car, cut the grass, or cook meals.
Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things. For example, they can learn how to use a lawn mower or how to cook. Of course, their parents help them at first.
26．How do many children get pocket money in some Western countries
A．They study hard. B．They do chores. C．They do part-time jobs. D．They go to school.
27．When do many children usually begin to do chores in some Western countries
A．At the age of 10. B．At the age of 13. C．At the age of 15. D．At the age of 9.
28．Eric wants to get more pocket money to buy something expensive. He may ________.
A．do the dishes B．feed the pet cat C．cook meals D．sweep the floor
29．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Young kids do easy chores because they can get much money from their parents.
B．School students often do chores on Saturdays and Sundays.
C．If kids get older and want something more expensive, they have to work harder.
D．Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things.
30．The passage mainly tells us how children in some Western countries ________.
A．find jobs B．get pocket money C．study at school D．do chores
【参考答案】
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B
【语篇解读】
本文主要讲述了在一些西方国家，许多的孩子通过做家务来赚取零花钱。
【详情解析】
26．【B】细节理解题。根据第一段“In some Western countries, many children do chores to get pocket money.”可知，一些西方国家的孩子通过做家务得到零花钱。故选B。
27．【A】细节理解题。根据第一段“They usually start to do this when they are ten years old.”可知，他们通常在10岁开始做家务。故选A。
28．【C】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They want things that are more expensive than ...They often help their parents wash the family car, cut the grass, or cook meals.”可知，他可以做饭来得到更多的零花钱。故选C。
29．【A】细节理解题。根据第三段“Young kids only do easy chores. So they don’t get much money.”可知，年轻的孩子只能做简单的家务，因此不能够得到太多的零花钱，选项A说法错误。故选A。
30．【B】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些西方国家的孩子通过做家务来得到零花钱。故选B。
C
When Justin Tong was a child, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him doing lots of housework such as taking out the rubbish and sending newspapers. But when he grew up, he was better than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life.
This is the finding of a 40-year study than followed the lives of 456 children in London. It showed that the children who worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future. “Children who worked in the home in childhood got more abilities and came to feel they were important members of society.” said Daniel Brown, the psychologist (心理学家)who made the study. “And because they felt good about themselves, and others felt good about them.”
Brown’s study followed these children in great information. They made the study about the children at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared (比较)the children’s mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. The children got more points for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and ability—the underpinnings (基础)of emotional (情感的) health. They also help him understand that people must work together and work toward common goals. The mast competent (合格的) adults are those who know how to do this.
Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live great in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
31．What do we know about Justin Tong
A．He enjoyed a happy life. B．He felt sorry for the other kids.
C．He always sold newspapers. D．He hardly collected rubbish.
32．Who will probably succeed in the future according to Paragraph 2
A．Children who enjoy happier and richer lives.
B．Children who work in the home in childhood.
C．Children who take part in Daniel Brown’s study.
D．Children who feel good about people around them.
33．How did Brown follow the children in his study
A．By giving housework and praise. B．By interviewing and giving scores.
C．By setting goals and showing love. D．By solving problems and testing them.
34．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To talk about an interesting study. B．To introduce Justin Tong’s success.
C．To tell us about childhood activities. D．To hope children to work hard.
35．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．working is helpful for children’s growth B．every child should help work at home
C．a child should do more and more work D．working can help solve many problems
【参考答案】
31．A 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．A
【语篇解读】
这是一篇议论文，文章讲述从小做家务的孩子会有较强的责任感、独立、自信以及其他的能力，这些人更能建立更好的人际关系、获得丰厚的收入以及解决问题的能力。
31．【A】细节理解题。根据第一段“But when he grew up, he was better off than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life ”可是当他长大的时候，他比他儿时的玩伴好多了，过着幸福而又健康的生活。可知他享受着幸福的生活。故选A。
32．【B】推理判断题。根据第二段“Children who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society”那些在家里或社区工作的男孩子们获得了能力，逐渐感到他们是有价值的社会成员；及“It showed that the children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future”这表明在童年时期努力工作的孩子有更丰富的并且幸福的未来，可知，那些在家里的男孩子们很可能赢在未来。故选B。
33．【B】推理判断题。根据第三段“the researchers compared the children’s mental﹣health scores with their childhood-activity scores”研究人员将儿童的心理健康评分与儿童活动评分进行了比较，可知通过面试访谈和打分来跟踪研究那些孩子们。故选B。
34．【D】推理判断题。根据“It showed that the children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future”这表明在童年时期努力工作的孩子有更丰富的并且幸福的未来，可知，文章的目的在于鼓励孩子们努力工作。故选D。
35．【A】主旨大意题。文章讲述从小做家务的孩子长大后各个方面都比较优秀，会有较强的责任感、独立、自信以及其他的能力，这些人更能建立更好的人际关系、获得丰厚的收入以及解决问题的能力。主旨可概括为“working is helpful for children’s growth工作对于孩子的成长是有帮助的”。故选A。
四、多任务混合阅读
Should children do chores Yes. Chores are good for them. Doing chores teaches them many important things. It will help them in their lives. There are many things that parents can do to encourage their children to do chores. Here are some suggestions.
★Start early. Parents can start giving their children chores to do when they are young. Parents should show their children how to do chores and teach them one chore at a time.
★Change the chores as children grow. Parents should make sure that the chores they give to their children are appropriate to (适合于) their children’s ages and abilities (能力).
★Pay children for the chores they do. For example, pay them 1 dollar for taking out the rubbish.
★Don’t nag (唠叨).
★Don’t do chores for their children if they forget or refuse.
36、37题完成句子；38题简略回答问题；39题找出并写下全文的主题句；40题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
36．Doing chores can teach children ________.
37．Parents should give their children chores according to their ________.
38．As children grow, what should parents do
___________________________
39．___________________________
40．___________________________
【参考答案】
many important things
ages and abilities
They should change the chores.
Here are some suggestions.
40．为孩子们所做的家务给予报酬。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了孩子应该做家务的观点并给出了父母如何鼓励孩子做家务的建议。
【详情解析】
36．根据“Should children do chores Yes. Chores are good for them. Doing chores teaches them many important things.”可知做家务能教孩子们许多重要的事情，故填many important things。
37．根据“Change the chores as children grow. Parents should make sure that the chores they give to their children are appropriate to their children’s ages and abilities”可知父母给孩子们的家务要适合于他们的年龄和能力，故填ages and abilities。
38．根据“Change the chores as children grow.”可知随着孩子们成长，家长应该改变家务。故填They should change the chores.
39．根据“Start early.”“Pay children for the chores they do”“Don’t nag”和“Don’t do chores for their children if they forget or refuse.”可知文章阐述了家长鼓励孩子做家务的建议，因此主题句为Here are some suggestions.
40．pay...for...意为“为……支付……”，they do意为“他们做的”，为定语从句，先行词为the chores意为“家务”，children意为“孩子们”， 故填“为孩子们所做的家务给予报酬”。
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Sometimes parents think “Should we give the children chores Isn’t it the parents’ job ____41____ (provide) a clean and comfortable environment for children ” Now children have ____42____ (little) free time than before. Most of them have to go to after-school classes. ____43____ doing chores can really help children a lot. First, it helps children be ____44____ (independence) and learn to take care of themselves. Second, children ____45____ (help) out around the house become better team players. ____46____ (three), children will become more confident(自信的)when they find they are useful in ____47____ family. Fourth, most children do like to help their parents—they want to spend time with ____48____ (them) parents and do the same work ____49____ their parents. Finally, it is fair for children to do some ____50____ (chore). They live in one house with their parents, so they should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
【参考答案】
to provide 42．less 43．But 44．independent 45．helping
46．Third 47．the 48．their 49．as 50．chores
【语篇解读】
现在的孩子们空闲时间比以前少了，因为他们中有很多人不得不去课外补习班学习。但是做家务真的能帮到孩子们很多。文中提到了五点做家务的好处。
【详情解析】
41．句意：为孩子们提供一个干净舒适的环境难道不是父母的职责吗？此空作名词job的后置定语，要用动词不定式，故填to provide。
42．句意：现在孩子们比以前有更少的时间。根据“than”可知，此空应填little的比较级less“更少的”，故填less。
43．句意：但是做家务真的可以帮助孩子们很多。空格前后文表转折关系，故填But。
44．句意：首先，它帮助孩子独立，学会照顾自己。be后接形容词作表语，故填independent。
45．句意：其次，帮助做家务的孩子会成为更好的团队合作者。“children…out around the house”在句中作主语，故此空应填动名词，故填helping。
46．句意：第三，当孩子们发现他们在家庭中有用时，他们会变得更加自信。根据“First”“Second”可知，此空表示“第三”，此空在句首，首字母要大写，故填Third。
47．句意：第三，当孩子们发现他们在家庭中有用时，他们会变得更加自信。in the family“在家庭中”，故填the。
48．句意：第四，大多数孩子确实喜欢帮助他们的父母——他们想花时间和他们的父母在一起，和他们的父母做同样的工作。此空修饰名词“parents”，要用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
49．句意：第四，大多数孩子确实喜欢帮助他们的父母——他们想花时间和他们的父母在一起，和他们的父母做同样的工作。the same as“与……相同”，故填as。
50．句意：最后，让孩子做一些家务是公平的。do some chores“做家务”，故填chores。
六、书面表达
假如某报社正在以“We Should Do Chores at Home”为题进行征文比赛活动，请你根据表格中的提示内容用英语写一篇短文参加比赛。
现存现象 你常做的家务 你的体会和看法
许多学生不愿做家务，原因如下： 1. 认为做家务是父母的工作； 2. 做家务占用学习的时间。 ●整理床铺 ●浇花 ●打扫房间 ●倒垃圾 …… ……
要求：
1. 表达准确，语句通顺；
2. 短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
3. 词数80左右。
We Should Do Chores at Home
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
We Should Do Chores at Home
Now many students don’t like doing chores at home. There are mainly two reasons. One is that they think it’s their parents’ job to do chores at home. The other is that they think doing chores takes up their time for study. But I think we should help to do chores at home because our parents are busy with their work and are often tired after work. I often do chores at home, like making the bed, watering the flowers, cleaning the rooms, taking out the rubbish and doing the dishes. I think doing chores makes us relaxing. I also feel great to help my parents.
【详情解析】
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中给出的关键信息，写短文表达在家应该做家务这一看法。
【写作步骤】
第一步，介绍许多学生不愿做家务这一现象并分析原因；
第二步，介绍自己的观点并列举自己常做的家务；
第三步，谈谈自己的感受及看法。
【亮点词汇】
①do chores 做家务
②one ... the other ... 一个……另一个……
③take up 占据
④be busy with sth. 忙于某事
【高分句型】
①There are mainly two reasons.（There be句型）
②One is that they think it’s their parents’ job to do chores at home.（that引导表语从句；省略that的宾语从句；it固定句式）
③But I think we should help to do chores at home because our parents are busy with their work and are often tired after work.（because引导的原因状语从句）