2023届高三英语二轮复习名词性从句课件(共39张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习名词性从句课件(共39张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-04 22:28:52 | ||
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(共39张PPT)
Substantive Clause
名词性从句
学习目标
学习目标
学习重点
学习难点
1、掌握名词性从句的概念、种类、形式。
2、在语境中对各种名词性从句进行判断。
四种名词性从句引导词的选择
正确填写引导词
1、English is very useful for us .
2、The subject I am interested in is English.
3、We need to learn English well.
4、He want to learn the language , English .
(主语)
(宾语)
(表语)
(同位语)
4
名词在句子做什么成分？
思考1：下列方框中的名词在句中充当什么成分
People say I'm crazy and that I am blind.
How you got me blind is still a mystery.
Don't care what is written in your history.
I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did.
Don't care what you did.
Doesn't really matter if you're on the run.
It seems that we're meant to be.
But I guess it shows when you look into my eyes, what you did and where you're coming from.
思考2：下面划线部线在句子中充当什么成分？
People say I'm crazy and that I am blind.
How you got me blind is still a mystery.
Don't care what is written in your history.
I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did.
Don't care what you did.
Doesn't really matter if you're on the run.
It seems that we're meant to be.
But I guess it shows when you look into my eyes, what you did and where you're coming from.
思考2：下面划线部线在句子中充当什么成分？
宾语
主语
宾语
宾语
宾语
宾语
表语
宾语
英语复合句中，在句子中起名词作用的从句，叫名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句定义
Don't care ｛what you did.｝
主语从句
what
引导词
Lily:How was it successful is still a puzzle.
Lucy:No one can be sure what can you do in the future.
考点1．语序问题
Find mistakes in the dialogue:
it was
you can
名词性从句在句中要用_____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的______
陈述
句首
总结归纳
名词性从句的种类
（主语从句）
（宾语从句）
Who will win the match is still unknown.
I want to know what he has told you.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
The news that we won the game is exciting.
（表语从句）
（同位语从句）
Indicate the types of the following clauses.
指出从句的类型
．主语从句
在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。
That you didn't know the rules won't be an excuse for your failure.
Whether we should help up a fallen old person or not remains a heated topic in China.
When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
(1)It＋be ＋名词＋that从句
(2)It＋be ＋形容词＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词＋that 从句
It is clear that the two countries can reach an agreement at the conference.
很显然两国能够在会议上达成协议。
It is well known that the Chinese government has spared no effort to protect people from fake food.
众所周知，中国政府已不遗余力地保护人们免受假冒食品的毒害。
2．宾语从句
在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，位于及物动词(短语)、介词或形容词之后。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
2．宾语从句
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think，make，consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。
3．表语从句
在复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if，because等引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game.
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That is why he didn't come to the meeting.
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看上去天要下雨了。
3．表语从句
当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.
他迟到的原因是，今天早晨他晚了一分钟而错过了火车。
4．同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可由其他连接代词或连接副词引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有：advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。
The news that we won the game excited all of us.
我们赢得这场比赛的消息让我们每个人都很激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么时候回家。
The news that our team has won the game is true.
The news that he told me yesterday is true.
同位语从句：解释说明, 引导词that 在句中不作成分，且不能省略。
定语从句：修饰限定，引导词that 在句中充当成分要么是主语要么是宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
名词性从句主要引导词的用法归纳
连接副词（4个）：when、 where、why、 how
连接词
从属连词（3个）：that 、if、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：
who、 whom 、 what、 which、 whose whoever、whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
21
名词性从句的连接词
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:
从属连词
“that”——无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
“if” —— “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”——“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
22
一、从属连词
1．that引导的名词性从句
It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.
Experts believe (that) people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary and that people should raise the awarness of losing food.
My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high school，would be different.
连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可以省略。
(主语从句，it作形式主语)
(宾语从句)
(表语从句)
(同位语从句)
1.that 何时不可省
Conclusion:
that 在 只有在宾语从句中可省。但在并列的两个
宾语从句中，第一个 that 可省，第二个that 不可省。It充当形式宾语时，that不可省。其他情况均不可省。
A. that B.(that)
1.I don’t think ________ she is coming.
2.It is a pity ________ he has made such a mistake.
3.The reason is _________ he is careless .
4.The news ________ our team won the match inspired us.
5.I don’t think it necessary _________ you should read English aloud.
6.He told me __________ his father had died
and __________ he had to make a living alone.
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
2.whether/if
1. I don’t know __________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is _______ this book is worth writing.
4. It depends on _______ we will have enough money.
5. _______ they can do it matters little to us.
Conclusion:
1. 在名词性从句中，whether/if 不充当成分, 译为“是否”。
2. whether在主从，宾从，表从，同位从中都可用。
但if 只在动词后的 宾从可用，且不可与 to do, or not连用,不可紧跟介词后使用。
whether/if
whether
whether
whether
Whether
26
二、连接代词
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用
“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“which”---“哪个”、作定语、起连接作用
“whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、
“whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
“whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
what引导的名词性从句，在功能上相当于一个名词，常译作“······的事/话/地方/时间/······”，可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
01
What impressed me most was the beauty of the city.
给我印象最深刻的是这座城市的美。
3.连接词 that 与 what 的区别
1. China is no longer ____ it used to be.
2.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
3.A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
4.The problem is _____ we can’t finish the work in time.
5.We express the hope ________ they will come to visit China again.
what
What
what
what
that
that
Conclusion:
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____、______、或____。表“…的”而_____在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，且无意义，只起_______作用。
what
主
宾
表
that
连接
who，whom，whose，which，whoever，whatever等引导的名词性从句
02
His father doesn't care about which university he will go to.
他父亲不在乎他上哪一所大学。
Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
任何一个想要住旅店的人都必须自己付钱。
You can choose whatever you like in the supermarket.
在这家超市，你可以选择你喜欢的任何东西。
4.who vs whoever
______ broke the window remained unknown.
_______ breaks the window will have to pay for it.
Conclusion:
1.who类词（who/what,which）有疑问含义，充当成分，表特指
2.whoever类词（whoever/whatever）无疑问含义，充当成分，表泛指
Who
Whoever
连接副词
“why”---- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
“how”----- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用
31
三、连接副词
When the meeting will begin isn’t decided now .
什么时候开会还没有决定
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
我不知道怎样才能到火车站。
That's why I want you to work there.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
判断从句类型
主语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
高考链接练习
4.名词性从句的解题技巧是什么？
一找
二查
三选
：从句
：从句缺少什么成分
：意思适合的连接词
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
1.(2017 北京卷) Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
2. (2019·全国I卷) While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _______they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
3.（2018 江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get there, which is _________ we arrived.
4.（2018 北京卷）This is ________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
高考链接●实战操作
whoever
that
how
what
5.(2018 天津卷) The gold medal will be awarded to_________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
6. (2017·江苏卷) We choose this hotel because the price of a night here is down to $20, half of ______ it used to charge.
7.（2017 天津卷）She asked me________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
高考链接●实战操作
whoever
what
whether
1.There is evidence ___________ they range all the way across the Arctic（北极圈）
有证据显示，他们的活动范围已经到了北极圈 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
2. I’m not sure ________ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere(突然冒出来的).(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
3．She asked me ____________________ I had returned（归还） the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.(2017·天津卷)
4．Every year， ____________________ makes the most beautiful kite （风筝） will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京卷)
5．Jane moved aimlessly （没有目标的）down the tree-lined street, not knowing _____________ she was heading.(2017·北京卷)
whether\if
whoever
where
which
that
evidence的同位语从句
宾语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
高考链接●实战操作
8. 名词性从句在写作中非常有用。
①近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
②我发现学好英语是很重要的.
_____________________________________________________________________
高考链接●单句写作
In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school, and it is no longer what it used to be.
I find it important to learn English well.
1.所有同学整理本节课笔记
2.完成名词性从句练习。
(共四页)
homework
Substantive Clause
名词性从句
学习目标
学习目标
学习重点
学习难点
1、掌握名词性从句的概念、种类、形式。
2、在语境中对各种名词性从句进行判断。
四种名词性从句引导词的选择
正确填写引导词
1、English is very useful for us .
2、The subject I am interested in is English.
3、We need to learn English well.
4、He want to learn the language , English .
(主语)
(宾语)
(表语)
(同位语)
4
名词在句子做什么成分？
思考1：下列方框中的名词在句中充当什么成分
People say I'm crazy and that I am blind.
How you got me blind is still a mystery.
Don't care what is written in your history.
I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did.
Don't care what you did.
Doesn't really matter if you're on the run.
It seems that we're meant to be.
But I guess it shows when you look into my eyes, what you did and where you're coming from.
思考2：下面划线部线在句子中充当什么成分？
People say I'm crazy and that I am blind.
How you got me blind is still a mystery.
Don't care what is written in your history.
I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did.
Don't care what you did.
Doesn't really matter if you're on the run.
It seems that we're meant to be.
But I guess it shows when you look into my eyes, what you did and where you're coming from.
思考2：下面划线部线在句子中充当什么成分？
宾语
主语
宾语
宾语
宾语
宾语
表语
宾语
英语复合句中，在句子中起名词作用的从句，叫名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句定义
Don't care ｛what you did.｝
主语从句
what
引导词
Lily:How was it successful is still a puzzle.
Lucy:No one can be sure what can you do in the future.
考点1．语序问题
Find mistakes in the dialogue:
it was
you can
名词性从句在句中要用_____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的______
陈述
句首
总结归纳
名词性从句的种类
（主语从句）
（宾语从句）
Who will win the match is still unknown.
I want to know what he has told you.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
The news that we won the game is exciting.
（表语从句）
（同位语从句）
Indicate the types of the following clauses.
指出从句的类型
．主语从句
在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。
That you didn't know the rules won't be an excuse for your failure.
Whether we should help up a fallen old person or not remains a heated topic in China.
When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
(1)It＋be ＋名词＋that从句
(2)It＋be ＋形容词＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词＋that 从句
It is clear that the two countries can reach an agreement at the conference.
很显然两国能够在会议上达成协议。
It is well known that the Chinese government has spared no effort to protect people from fake food.
众所周知，中国政府已不遗余力地保护人们免受假冒食品的毒害。
2．宾语从句
在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，位于及物动词(短语)、介词或形容词之后。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
2．宾语从句
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think，make，consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。
3．表语从句
在复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if，because等引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game.
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That is why he didn't come to the meeting.
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看上去天要下雨了。
3．表语从句
当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.
他迟到的原因是，今天早晨他晚了一分钟而错过了火车。
4．同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可由其他连接代词或连接副词引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有：advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。
The news that we won the game excited all of us.
我们赢得这场比赛的消息让我们每个人都很激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么时候回家。
The news that our team has won the game is true.
The news that he told me yesterday is true.
同位语从句：解释说明, 引导词that 在句中不作成分，且不能省略。
定语从句：修饰限定，引导词that 在句中充当成分要么是主语要么是宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
名词性从句主要引导词的用法归纳
连接副词（4个）：when、 where、why、 how
连接词
从属连词（3个）：that 、if、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：
who、 whom 、 what、 which、 whose whoever、whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
21
名词性从句的连接词
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:
从属连词
“that”——无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
“if” —— “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”——“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
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一、从属连词
1．that引导的名词性从句
It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.
Experts believe (that) people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary and that people should raise the awarness of losing food.
My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high school，would be different.
连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可以省略。
(主语从句，it作形式主语)
(宾语从句)
(表语从句)
(同位语从句)
1.that 何时不可省
Conclusion:
that 在 只有在宾语从句中可省。但在并列的两个
宾语从句中，第一个 that 可省，第二个that 不可省。It充当形式宾语时，that不可省。其他情况均不可省。
A. that B.(that)
1.I don’t think ________ she is coming.
2.It is a pity ________ he has made such a mistake.
3.The reason is _________ he is careless .
4.The news ________ our team won the match inspired us.
5.I don’t think it necessary _________ you should read English aloud.
6.He told me __________ his father had died
and __________ he had to make a living alone.
B
A
A
A
A
A
B
2.whether/if
1. I don’t know __________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is _______ this book is worth writing.
4. It depends on _______ we will have enough money.
5. _______ they can do it matters little to us.
Conclusion:
1. 在名词性从句中，whether/if 不充当成分, 译为“是否”。
2. whether在主从，宾从，表从，同位从中都可用。
但if 只在动词后的 宾从可用，且不可与 to do, or not连用,不可紧跟介词后使用。
whether/if
whether
whether
whether
Whether
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二、连接代词
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用
“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“which”---“哪个”、作定语、起连接作用
“whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、
“whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
“whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
what引导的名词性从句，在功能上相当于一个名词，常译作“······的事/话/地方/时间/······”，可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
01
What impressed me most was the beauty of the city.
给我印象最深刻的是这座城市的美。
3.连接词 that 与 what 的区别
1. China is no longer ____ it used to be.
2.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
3.A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
4.The problem is _____ we can’t finish the work in time.
5.We express the hope ________ they will come to visit China again.
what
What
what
what
that
that
Conclusion:
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____、______、或____。表“…的”而_____在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，且无意义，只起_______作用。
what
主
宾
表
that
连接
who，whom，whose，which，whoever，whatever等引导的名词性从句
02
His father doesn't care about which university he will go to.
他父亲不在乎他上哪一所大学。
Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
任何一个想要住旅店的人都必须自己付钱。
You can choose whatever you like in the supermarket.
在这家超市，你可以选择你喜欢的任何东西。
4.who vs whoever
______ broke the window remained unknown.
_______ breaks the window will have to pay for it.
Conclusion:
1.who类词（who/what,which）有疑问含义，充当成分，表特指
2.whoever类词（whoever/whatever）无疑问含义，充当成分，表泛指
Who
Whoever
连接副词
“why”---- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
“how”----- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用
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三、连接副词
When the meeting will begin isn’t decided now .
什么时候开会还没有决定
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.
我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。
I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
我不知道怎样才能到火车站。
That's why I want you to work there.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
判断从句类型
主语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
高考链接练习
4.名词性从句的解题技巧是什么？
一找
二查
三选
：从句
：从句缺少什么成分
：意思适合的连接词
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
1.(2017 北京卷) Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
2. (2019·全国I卷) While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _______they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
3.（2018 江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get there, which is _________ we arrived.
4.（2018 北京卷）This is ________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
高考链接●实战操作
whoever
that
how
what
5.(2018 天津卷) The gold medal will be awarded to_________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
6. (2017·江苏卷) We choose this hotel because the price of a night here is down to $20, half of ______ it used to charge.
7.（2017 天津卷）She asked me________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
判断方法: …_______...V1…V2
高考链接●实战操作
whoever
what
whether
1.There is evidence ___________ they range all the way across the Arctic（北极圈）
有证据显示，他们的活动范围已经到了北极圈 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
2. I’m not sure ________ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere(突然冒出来的).(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)
3．She asked me ____________________ I had returned（归还） the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.(2017·天津卷)
4．Every year， ____________________ makes the most beautiful kite （风筝） will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京卷)
5．Jane moved aimlessly （没有目标的）down the tree-lined street, not knowing _____________ she was heading.(2017·北京卷)
whether\if
whoever
where
which
that
evidence的同位语从句
宾语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
高考链接●实战操作
8. 名词性从句在写作中非常有用。
①近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
②我发现学好英语是很重要的.
_____________________________________________________________________
高考链接●单句写作
In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school, and it is no longer what it used to be.
I find it important to learn English well.
1.所有同学整理本节课笔记
2.完成名词性从句练习。
(共四页)
homework