(共57张PPT)
Unit 1
When was it invented
Section B (2a-Self check)
1.知识与技能目标：
⑴ 通过语境掌握以下重点词汇：the Olympics,
Canadian, divide, basket, hero的用法。
⑵ 通过篮球的发明一文熟悉一般过去时的被动语态
在语境中的用法。
⑶ 通过Self Check 来巩固一般过去时的被动语态的
用法。
2. 过程与方法目标：
掌握快速阅读的方法和思维导图在阅读中的作用。
3. 情感态度与价值观目标：
了解篮球的发展史, 丰富文化修养。
Learning aims:
football
volleyball
Ping-pong
tennis
baseball
badminton
basketball
Do you like basketball
How much do you know about basketball
Do you know about the basketball game
2. How many players are there in each team
1. How many teams are players divided into(被分成)
They are divided into two teams.
3. How many minutes are there in the game
Forty minutes.
Five
Can you name a professional basketball organization in America and China
NBA = National Basketball Association(协会)
CBA = China Basketball Association(协会)
Do you know the basketball equipments装备,器材
basketball
basket
net
metal hoop金属篮圈
backboard
set clock
Wooden floor木地板
Basketball court 球场
The equipments about the sport of basketball
The Equipments about the sport of basketball A basketball
A net hanging from a metal hoop
Backboard
The wooden floor
The basketball court
It is used for….
It is used for the players to shoot the ball in.
It may be used for guiding the ball into the basket.
basketball is played on the wooden floor
It’s usually used for having a basketball match
Match the main ideas with each paragraph.
Para1.
Para2.
Para3.
How basketball was invented
Introduction to basketball
The popularity of basketball
today.
Paragraph 1: Introduction to basketball.
Why
how old
who
where
On December 21,1891
In 1936
for fun and exercise
over 100 years old
is played by more than 100 million people
in over 200 countries
the first basketball game was played
became an event at the Olympics
While reading
Paragraph 2 How basketball was invented.
inventor name Nationality(国籍) job was born
James Naismith
Canadian
doctor
in 1861
Dr. Naismith: was asked to….
created……
divided….into… and taught….
players: must work together to….
need to stop…from…
Paragraph 3 the popularity of basketball today.
In china, you can see
_____________________________________________
America’s NBA games are the most________________.
China’s CBA games are becoming ______________________.
The number of foreign players in NBA has_____________.
There are_______________ foreign players in the CBA.
people playing in parks, schools and even factories
famous
more and more popular
increased
more and more
Many young people: dream of
look up to ________________________
The basketball stars___________ young people _____work
hard to _______ their dreams.
The writer thinks basketball is___________and___________ sport. He also thinks it’s _________a popular sport to play, ___________ a popular sport to watch.
becoming famous player
these basketball heroes
to
encourage
achieve
much-loved
active
not only
but also
2c Complete the mind map with the information in the passage. What else can you add to the mind map
Game
Played inside on a hard ______
______ teams
get _______ into other team’s ______
floor
two
the ball
basket
Popularity
Played by _________________ people
over ______ countries
more than 100 million
200
Development
invented by _______________
first game on __________________
became Olympic event in _______ in the
year ______
most famous games: _________
popular games in China: __________
James Naismith
December 21, 1891
Berlin
1936
NBA
CBA
Basketball is a much-loved and active sport
that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21, 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.
Do You Know When Basketball was Invented
奥林匹克运动会
1. When was the first basketball game in
history played
On December 21, 1891.
2. Why were the Berlin Olympics important
for basketball
Because it made basketball become an
event at the Olympics.
3. How popular is basketball
It is over 100 years old and is played by
more than 100 million people in over 200
countries.
Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that
could be played in the winter. Dr. Naismith created a
game to be played inside on a hard floor. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game. Players on the same team
must work together to get the ball in the other team’s basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.
n. 加拿大人
把…分成…
4. Who invented basketball and how is it played
James Naismith. It is played inside on a hard floor. Players on the same team must work together to get the ball in the other team’s basket. And they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.
Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. Although America’s NBA games are the most famous, the CBA games are becoming more popular in China. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. There are also more and more foreign players in the CBA. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.
n. 受欢迎
不但…而且
钦佩、仰慕
n.英雄
5. What are the professional basketball groups
in America and China
NBA and CBA.
6. Where has basketball been played
It has been played in parks, schools, and factories.
How much do you know about international basketball teams in America Match the right information.
拓展与延伸
The Lakers
Celtics
Houston Rockets
Chicago Bulls
凯尔特人队
芝加哥公牛队
火箭队
湖人队
The Mind-map
The popularity of the sport of basketball
The invention of the sport of basketball
part3
part2
part1
1.much-loved, active and popular
2.More than 100years old.
3.Over 100million people.
4.Over 200 countries
5.worldwide
The development of the sport of basketball
Dec.21st,1891
1936,Berlin
since1936
The equipments
The inventor
1. Basketball is a much-loved and active sport
that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise.
篮球是一项备受热爱、充满活力的运动，为
了娱乐和锻炼身体，很多人都喜欢打篮球。
much-loved (be loved very much )是一个合
成形容词，意为“备受喜爱的; 深受爱戴的”。 People around the world are feeling sorry to
the death of the much-loved leader, Nelson
Mandela. 世人都在为这位深受爱戴的领导
人纳尔逊.曼德拉的去世而感到难过。
Language points
2. It is over 100 years old and is played by more
than 100 million people in over 200 countries.
篮球运动有100多年的历史。200多个国家
的一亿多人在打篮球。
over介词，意为“多于；超过”，在此相当于
more than。
There are over one thousand students in the
school.
在这所学校有一千多名学生。
3. Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor
named James Naismith, who was born in 1861.
篮 球 是 由 加 拿 大 一 位 名 叫 詹 姆 斯 .奈 史
密 斯 的博士发明的。他出生于1861年。
(1)这是一个主从复合句。定语从句who was
born in 1861 修 饰 先 行 词 James Naismith。
另 外，过去分词短语named James Naismith
作 后 置 定 语 ，修 饰 doctor。
(2) Canadian形容词，意为“加拿大的;加拿大
人的”。
Canadian也作名词，意为“加拿大人”。 Canadian culture is different from Chinese
culture.
加拿大的文化有别于中国的文化。
Many of my friends are Canadians.
我的很多朋友都是加拿大人。
4. When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that could be played in the winter.
在做大学老师的时候，他被要求想出 一种能在
冬天进行的运动项目。
“could be played”为含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词+ be +及物动词的过去分词”，否定形式为“情态动词+ not + be + 及物动词的过去分词”。
All these must be finished in three days.
所有的这些必须在三日之内完成。
Kids should not be allowed to drink.
小孩不应该被允许喝酒。
5. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.
奈史密斯博士将他班里的男生分成两队并教他
们玩他的新运动项目。
divide ... into意为“把…分开；把…划分为”。
The teacher divided our class into four groups.
老师把我们班分成四个小组。
divide up意为“分配；分享”。
The children divided up the candy among
themselves.
孩子们把糖果分了。
6. At the same time, they need to stop the
competing team from getting the
同时，他们需要阻止对方的球队抢到球投进他
们自己的篮里。
stop sb. from doing slh.意为“阻止某人做事事”，
相当于 prevent sb. from doing sth.，在主动语态中，两者中的from均可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略。
No one can stop us (from) carry the plan.
没有人能阻止我们实施计划。
The water must be prevented from polluted by
us. 我们必须保护水不受污染。
7. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen
around the world, with many young people
dreaming of becoming famous players.
如今，随着许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的篮球运动员，篮球在世界各地越来越普及。
(1) popularity名词，意为“受欢迎;普及；流行”，其形容词形式popular意为“受欢迎的”。
Her books have grown in popularity.
她的书近来大受欢迎。
(2) rise不及物动词，意为“增加;提高攀升;升
起;站起来”。其过去式、过去分词分别为
rose 和 risen。
The sun rises in the east and sets west.
太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。
rise 意为“增加；上升；站起来”，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。
raise 意为“提高;增加;举起”,是及 物动词。
Meat prices are still rising. 肉的价格仍然在上涨。
The man raised his voice and I heard what I he
said. 那个人提高了嗓音，我听见了他说的话。
(3)句中“with +宾语+现在分词”构成的复合结构在句中作伴随状语。
With winter coining on, it s time to buy warm
clothes.
冬天来了，是时候买保暖的衣服了。
“with十宾语+宾语补足语”构成with的复合结构，宾语补足语除了可以是现在分词外，还可以是介词短语、形容词、副词等。
He came in with a smile on his face.
他面带微笑走了进来。（with十宾语+介 词短语）
Anderson left his house with the lights on.
安德森开着灯离开了家。（with+宾语+ 副词）
(4) dream of 意为“梦想;想象”，相当于:
dream about .
They dream of going to college.
他们梦想去上大学。
拓展：dream的用法
①dream作及物动词时，后接名词、代词或
that从句作宾语。
He dreamed a sweet dream. 他做了一个美梦。
② dream作可数名词，意为“梦;梦想”。
His dream will come true next year.
他的梦想明年将会实现。
8. Many young people look up to these basketball
heroes and want to become like them.
许多年轻人崇拜这些篮球英雄，并且想成为像
他们那样的人。
(l) look up to意为“钦佩;仰热”。
We all look up to the learned and modest
professor.
我们都很尊敬那位博学而又谦逊的教授。
He is a movie star whom I look up to.
他是我崇拜的电影明星。
look up to还可意为“抬头看；仰望”。
He looked up to the sky and seemed to be
thinking.
他抬头望向天空，好像在思考着什么。
(2) hero可数名词，意为“英雄；男主角”，其
复数形式为在词尾加-es。
He is a hero in my heart.
在我的心里他是个英雄。
hero — 英雄
negro —Negroes (黑人）
potato — potatoes (土豆）
tomato —tomatoes (西红柿)
拓展：
口诀： “两人两菜”
9.These stars encourage young people to work
hard to achieve their dreams.
这些明星激励着年轻人为了实现他们的梦想
而努力奋斗。
encourage动词，意为“鼓励；激励；支 持”
常用结构 encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励 某人
做某事”。
Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.
父母应该鼓励孩子独立做事。
achieve及物动词，意为“实现;完成”。
He could not achieve his goal.
他未能实现他的目标。
achieve “实现；完成”，主语通常是人
come true “实现”，主语通常是梦想等
I believe I can achieve my dream.
我相信我能实现我的梦想。
I hope my dream will come true.
我希望我的梦想会实现。
辨析：achieve 与 come true
3a Think of something that you do not like
to do. Then think of an invention that
could help you. Make notes.
Problem: _______________________
New invention: __________________
What it is used for: ______________
quickly taking notes in class
a special pen
Self check
It is often difficult to decide on the inventor of certain inventions. This is because sometimes a few people may ______ things which are _______ the same. It’s hard to tell who came up with the idea first. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions ____________.
1. complete the passage with the correct
forms of the words in the box.
invent doubt mention
Nearly website all of a sudden
invent
nearly
all of sudden
So some people ______ whether the inventor came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor used someone else’s idea to create his or her invention. That is why books or _________ usually ________ more than one inventor when giving information about inventions.
doubt
websites
mention
.Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice.
1. Someone stole my watch.
_____________________________________
2. They used five eggs to make this big cake.
______________________________________
3. When did they invent the personal computer
______________________________________
4. They asked us not to run in the hallway.
______________________________________
5. Someone took the video back to the store.
______________________________________
My watch was stolen by someone.
Five eggs were used to make this big cake.
When was the personal computer invented
We were asked not to run in the hallway.
The video was taken back to the store by someone.
一般过去时被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作, 其基本结构为：
主语+ was / were + 过去分词+ by ...
The teacher was visited by them two years ago.
他们两年前看过这位老师。
Revision
主动变被动解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ——即动作的承受者
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ——即be动词的单复数
3. 判断动词的时态 ——即be动词的时态
4. 修改谓语的时态 ——即原句动词改为过去分词
5. 修改原句的主语 ——即by + 主语/ 宾语
be要随着主语变 逻辑主语by来引
1. Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom.
2. He broke the windows.
The windows were broken by him.
Ⅰ. 填空。
The first paper __________ (make) in China in 105 AD.
For over 500 years the art of making paper __________ (limit) to China.
In 610, papermaking ______________ (introduce) into Japan.
Kites ___________ (know) in China about 3,000 years ago.
was made
was limited
was introduced
were known
Exercises
5. Wheelbarrows ____________ (invent) in the Han Dynasty.
6. Gunpowder _______________ (discover) by the Chinese hundreds of years ago.
7. Soccer _____________ (develop) in England in the 12th century.
were invented
was discovered
was developed
Ⅱ. 按要求改写下列各句。
1. We planted these trees in 1997. (改成被动语态)
____________________________________
2. He made a cake yesterday. (改成被动语态)
____________________________________
These trees were planted (by us) in 1997.
A cake was made by him yesterday.
3. The teacher gave the students some advice.
(改成被动语态)
______________________________________________
4. He was seen to read a book in his room.
(用I作主语, 改为主动语态)
______________________________________________
5. She was helped by all the people.(改成一般疑问句)
_________________________________________
Some advice was given to the students by the teacher.
I saw him read a book in his room.
Was she helped by all the people
Ⅲ. 完成句子。
1. 在200多个国家中，超过一亿人打(篮球)，包括中国。
___ ___ _______ by ______ _______ 100 million people in over 200 countries including China.
2. 篮球是由加拿大一位叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的博士发明的。
Basketball ____ __________ _____ a Canadian doctor named James Naismith.
It
is
played
more
than
was
invented
by
3. 人们认为，历史上的首次篮球赛是在1891年12月21日 举行的。
____ ___ ________ that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.
4. 从那时起，篮球在世界各地的普及程度得到提升。
Since then, the popularity of basketball _____ _______ worldwide.
It
is
believed
has
risen
Ⅳ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Now computers are widely used in our ______ (day) lives.
2. He mentioned _________ (hear) from her often.
3.The soup is very _______ (salt) because my mother put
lots of _____ (salt) on it.
4. Since then, the ___________ ( popular ) of basketball has risen quickly.
5. I have worked here for _______(near) two years.
daily
hearing
salty
salt
popularity
nearly
— Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!
— Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.
A. was building B. was built C. has built
B
中考链接
将近500年前修建的，用一般过去时的被动语态。
Summary
Mind---map: How was basketball invented
2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词
1. Read the whole article again.
2. Complete the rest exercise in
your leading paper
3. Prepare for the test
Homework
