重难题型三 任务型阅读 2023年中考英语专题讲义学案（河北专用，含答案）

重难题型三　任务型阅读
(2022·河北中考)“I could tell it was him by the way he walked.” If you've ever said that, you understand biometrics(生物识别技术). Biometric technology is an important topic in our work and private lives. It includes the use of finger prints or knowing a person's voice. It is the science about what a person looks like and how a person does things. Like tree leaves, no two human beings are exactly the same. They've got different eyes and different hair. And everyone has a different way of walking or moving.
This technology can tell you from others. At the moment if you travel through an airport, you need your ID card or passport. If you go to your bank to get some money, you need a card and a special number. But what should you do if you lose your passport or forget your number Biometric technology can solve this problem. The technology is becoming more and more popular with old people because they no longer need to remember their passwords(密码).
This technology is all around us in our life. We use it to unlock a smart phone, get into our homes, start our cars without a key or even pay for our shopping.
Nothing is perfect. People are worried about the safety of their private information. However, the technology will become much better in the future, and it will become more and more important in our daily life.
66题完成句子；67、68题简略回答问题；69题找出并写下第二段的主题句；70题将画线句子译成汉语。
66．Biometric technology includes _____________ or knowing a person's voice.
67．What are people worried about
___________________________________________________________________
68．Where can the technology be used according to the text (至少写出文中提到的两个地方)
__________________________________________________________________
69．______________________________________________________________
70．______________________________________________________________
【答案】
66．the use of finger prints
67．People are worried about the safety of their private information.
68．We use them to unlock a smart phone, get into our homes.
69．This technology can tell you from others.
70．这种技术在我们的生活中无处不在。
微技法1　关键词定位法
考生首先要找出题干中的关键词，再由关键词定位到文章中对应的句子，最后与题干一一对应，找出相应位置空缺的内容并将其补上。做完题后要检查句子结构，从语法形式和意义上进行复查，确保答案正确。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT “I could tell it was him by the way he walked.” If you've ever said that, you understand biometrics(生物识别技术). Biometric technology is an important topic in our work and private lives. It includes the use of finger prints or knowing a person's voice. It is the science about what a person looks like and how a person does things. Like tree leaves, no two human beings are exactly the same. They've got different eyes and different hair. And everyone has a different way of walking or moving.
66．Biometric technology includes ________ or knowing a person's voice.
【解析】根据本段第四句可知，它包括使用指纹或识别一个人的声音。
微技法2　提取题干疑问词和关键信息
疑问词 作用 答语
what 提问具体内容、职业 用名词回答
when 提问时间 介词＋时间
why 提问原因 because＋句子
where 提问地点 介词＋地点
who 提问身份 人
how 提问方式 句子或者by＋...
how long ①提问多长时间②提问长度 ①for＋时间段/since＋时间点或从句②具体长度
how old 提问年龄 数字
how many 提问多少(＋可数名词复数) 数字
how much ①价格②＋不可数名词 ①钱数②数字
　　此类题目要求考生用简洁的语言对所提问题进行回答(可用完整的句子，也可用简单句式或单词、短语)。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT Nothing is perfect. People are worried about the safety of their private information. However, the technology will become much better in the future, and it will become more and more important in our daily life.
67．What are people worried about
______________________________________________________________
【解析】根据本段第二句可知，人们担心他们的私人信息的安全。
微技法3　速读文章，明确主题
此类题目要求考生找出并写下文章或段落的主题句。解答此类题型时，首先看清题干是要求找全文的主题句还是某一段落的主题句；其次速读短文首尾段或各段首尾句，运用关键词，在理解全文或全段的基础上准确找出文章或段落的主题句。
1．段落主题句
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT This technology can tell you from others. At the moment if you travel through an airport, you need your ID card or passport. If you go to your bank to get some money, you need a card and a special number. But what should you do if you lose your passport or forget your number Biometric technology can solve this problem. The technology is becoming more and more popular with old people because they no longer need to remember their passwords(密码).
69．找出并写下第二段的主题句
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【解析】此段主要介绍生物识别技术能够把你和其他人区别开这个用处，所以第一句就是本段的主题句。
2．全文主题句
微技法4　把握句式结构及固定搭配
英译汉所翻译的句子主要为包含固定句型或短语的单句以及when和because引导的状语从句。解答这类题目，考生可参考以下方法：
1．确定句子结构。根据句子内容，主要确定谓语动词，确定该句是五种句子结构的哪一种，不要被定语、状语等修饰语迷惑住。
2．使用正确的搭配。由于谓语动词需要其正确的搭配，所以英译汉不能随心所欲、不能改变其固定搭配，不能违背习惯用法。
3．注意修饰成分。除了句子结构正确以外，定语、状语、插入语等必须要翻译出来，最后核实表达是否符合汉语表达习惯。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT This technology is all around us in our life. We use it to unlock a smart phone, get into our homes, start our cars without a key or even pay for our shopping.
70．将画线句子译成汉语。
___________________________________________________________________
【解析】this technology“这项技术”； all around us“在我们周围”； in our life“在我们生活里”，故本句翻译为：这种技术在我们的生活中无处不在。
INCLUDEPICTURE"三级标题-河北题型精练.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "三级标题-河北题型精练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Passage One
(2023·原创)Buying second hand things is becoming more popular these days.Over one million people are selling over 2 million second hand things including clothing, books, and electronic devices(设备) on Xianyu every day.
People have made more money in recent years and bought more things than they really need, according to a speech given by Wei Ying，the CEO of the second hand book trading site Deja Vu. As more people turn to a simple lifestyle, they are selling their used things at low prices. And buying second hand things is good for the environment, too.
When Chen Junjun, 22, a college student in Shanghai, wants to buy books, she uses Deja Vu. She searches for the books she wants. The difference is that the books are much cheaper—about 70 percent cheaper than new books. “Since I have not much money, it's a perfect choice for me，” Chen said.
People can also find out of print books.Yan Minjun, 21, bought many classic books, such as a copy of Pride and Prejudice that was published by People's Literature Publishing House in 1993. “I looked for it for a long time. Now I have it！” she said.
Buying old books can even connect readers. Zhao Kaiqi once found a note in a second hand book she bought. “The owner shared her thoughts and hoped I would enjoy it. It was so heartwarming，” Zhao said. “I want to do the same thing in the future, too.”
1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第四段的主题句；5题将画线句子译成汉语。
1．____________________________ are selling second hand things on Xianyu.
2．What is Deja Vu
_________________________________________________________________
3．Why does Chen Junjun buy second hand books
_________________________________________________________________
4．______________________________________________________________
5．______________________________________________________________
Passage Two
(2023·原创)After a long, cold and dry winter, life and color are starting to return. Birds are singing and people are flying kites.
Known as the birthplace of kites, Weifang in Shandong Province has a long history of making kites. According to local artists, Weifang kite making has a history of at least 2，000 years.
Yang Hongwei, 56, was born in a kite making family. Yang often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in her grandfather's workshop. “Every time I see these beautiful kites, I won't feel bored，” said Yang. She learned the technique from her grandfather at the age of 16. After practicing the technique for 10 years, she started her own shop in 1992. “Many places around the world have a tradition of flying kites，” Yang said. “But I think the culture behind our kites is unique.”
But Yang's kites are a little different. On Yang's kites, people can see not only traditional symbols, but also some Chinese myths(神话) and history. For example, she once made a kite showing a phoenix(凤凰) head with pictures of 50 famous women in Chinese history on each side. Though the idea was cool, the process was not easy.
Yang said that each woman was different in look, clothes and makeup style. To create these pictures, she spent much effort and time. “It's not easy，” Yang said, “but when I explain the stories on the kites to foreign customers, I feel a sense of great achievement.”
1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第四段的主题句；5题将画线句子译成汉语。
1．There were ______________________________ in Chinese history on each side of the kite made by Yang.
2．What is Weifang known for
__________________________________________________________________
3．What happened to Yang Hongwei in 1992
__________________________________________________________________
4．_______________________________________________________________
5．_______________________________________________________________
Passage Three
(2023·原创)Do you often listen to music at loud volumes(音量) You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing，according to the World Health Organization(WHO). Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss because of listening to loud noise for a long time, WHO said. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can be harmful to your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear(内耳). Most of us are born with about 16，000 hair cells(毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells feel sounds.However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss.
Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it.Later，when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you might feel uncomfortable. WHO said the “safe level” for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is as loud as the noise of a subway.
1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将画线句子译成汉语。
1．The sound level of a busy road is about ____________.
2．How many young people have the problem of hearing loss
___________________________________________________________________
3．Why listening to loud noise for a long time can cause hearing problems
___________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________
5．________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【河北题型精练】
Passage One
1．Over one million people
2．It's a second hand book trading site.
3．Because she has not much money.
4．People can also find out of print books.
5．购买旧书甚至可以连接读者。
Passage Two
1．50 famous women
2．The birthplace of kites.
3．She started her own shop.
4．But Yang's kites are a little different.
5．为了创作这些图案， 她花费了大量的精力和时间。
Passage Three
1．85 dB
2．Over 1 billion.
3．Because it can make the hair cells work too hard and cause some of them to die.
4．The United Nations has standards for safe listening.
5．但这取决于你在哪里。