重难题型一 完形填空 2023年中考英语专题讲义学案（河北专用，含答案）

重难题型一　完形填空
(2022·河北中考)Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to 41 in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention to environmental problems.
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 42 condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to 43 the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water near North Pole(北极) to draw people's attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川). Kevin said that the swim was so painful that it would be his 44 time swimming in cold water. In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉). It was formed by melting glaciers. He 45 to swim in cold water again. It was difficult to swim in the lake. The air was so 46 that it was hard to breathe. He told people about his experiences on TV. He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing 47 global(全球的) warming and that there's less water for people in nearby 48 like China, India, and Pakistan.
From Kevin's story, we learn two 49 . We learn that people can do a lot of harm to the Earth without realizing it. Also, we learn that if we 50 the way we think, we can do something to protect our environment. With the new way of thinking in our minds, we can enjoy a bright future.
41．A.fly B．swim C．run D．skate
42．A.right B．safe C．poor D．natural
43．A.protect B．leave C．find D．share
44．A.last B．great C．free D．long
45．A.hated B．agreed C．learned D．decided
46．A.fresh B．thin C．clear D．cool
47．A.because of B．opposite to C．according to D．instead of
48．A.cities B．countries C．towns D．villages
49．A.choices B．reports C．reasons D．lessons
50．A.ask B．show C．change D．record
41～45 BCAAD　46～50 BABDC
微技法1　语境推断
语境推断是指根据上下文提示或暗示，身临其境地理解所处的语境，体验语境和作者的情感态度，推理出符合场景的最佳选项。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 42 condition. He felt worried...
A．right B．safe C．poor D．natural
【解析】根据He felt worried可知，地球状况不好，故选C。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT The air was so 46 that it was hard to breathe.
A．fresh B．thin C．clear D．cool
【解析】根据it was hard to breathe可知，空气很稀薄，故选B。
微技法2　词汇复现
词汇复现指的是某个词的原词、同义词、近义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to 41 in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention to environmental problems.
A．fly B．swim C．run D．skate
【解析】根据本段第一句Kevin is a special swimmer.以及下文he went to swim...可知，是游泳，故选B。
微技法3　逻辑推理
完形填空是一篇有具体内容的文章，各段落之间必然有着逻辑上的联系。考生在答题时，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断答案。
逻辑关系主要有：并列关系(and...)；转折关系(but, however, though, yet, otherwise, while...)；顺序关系(before, after, then, finally...)；让步关系(although, though, even if, as long as, even though...)；因果关系(so, for...)；条件关系(if, in case...)；递进关系(besides, what's more, as well as...)等。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing 47 global(全球的) warming...
A．because of B．opposite to
C．according to D．instead of
【解析】根据空格前后内容可知，喜马拉雅山的冰川正在消失的原因是全球气候变暖，前后之间是因果关系，故选A。
微技法4　生活常识
在解决此类问题时，考生要联系日常生活中总结出来的常识、科学知识、真理、事实等各方面的内容，再结合选项选出答案。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing because of global(全球的) warming and that there's less water for people in nearby 48 like China, India, and Pakistan.
A．cities B．countries
C．towns D．villages
【解析】根据常识可知，空格后列举的都是国家，故此处是指“附近的国家”，故选B。
INCLUDEPICTURE"三级标题-河北题型精练.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "三级标题-河北题型精练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Cloze One
(2022·河北保定安新九上期末)Lin Tao is 20 years old. He was brave enough to 1 his neighbor from a fire.
On 10 May, Lin Tao was at home. Suddenly, he heard someone shouting, “Fire! Fire! Help！” He 2 outside and saw a lot of smoke from next door. He went in and found his 3 ， the 79 year old Mrs. Sun, in the kitchen. Her legs were 4 hurt and she could not stand up and get out.
Lin Tao quickly ran to Mrs. Sun's bathroom. He 5 water over his clothes to protect himself. Then he rushed into the kitchen again. There was heavy smoke and the fire was very hot. He put a 6 quilt over Mrs. Sun and helped her out. Later some firemen came and 7 the fire.
The fire burnt Lin Tao's arms, neck and face. He was in 8 for two weeks. Many people visited him and gave him flowers and presents. “How brave you are！” they said. “Were you afraid at that moment？” “Yes, a little，” Lin Tao nodded, “but I didn't have 9 to think about it. Mrs. Sun needed my help.”
“Fire is very dangerous. We should be 10 with it，” he also said.
1．A.save B．stop C．meet D．harm
2．A.looked B．walked C．shouted D．hurried
3．A.aunt B．neighbor C．grandmother D．friend
4．A.hardly B．softly C．badly D．easily
5．A.offered B．poured C．dropped D．forced
6．A.heavy B．nice C．wet D．new
7．A.take out B．cut down C．put out D．set up
8．A.kitchen B．museum C．bathroom D．hospital
9．A.time B．ability C．energy D．money
10．A.bored B．happy C．careful D．angry
Cloze Two
(2022·河北唐山第十二中学一模)When she was very young, Severn Cullis Suzuki learned that the United Nations Assembly(大会) was going to meet in Brazil. Severn 1 that she wanted not only to go there but also to say something. She started to raise money for the 2 . When she was 12, she had enough for the 11，000 kilometer journey.
Severn was sure that she had 3 to say. When she made her five minute speech to the UN Assembly, she tried very 4 to make a difference. She talked about environmental problems like 5 and the hunting of animals. She also talked about the situation of children in many parts of the world, especially 6 children who don't have enough to eat. She compared them with children in richer countries who have more than they need and throw things 7 . Severn's questions were a challenge to the world's leaders—questions about why the grown ups who 8 the world don't take more care of it and of the people who live in it. Many people who heard her speech were crying at the end, and everyone 9 with thunderous applause(掌声) when she finished.
Severn showed that young people can make a difference 10 they're brave enough to believe in themselves. Who knows Perhaps you could be another Severn.
1．A.regretted B．refused C．doubted D．decided
2．A.course B．party C．trip D．game
3．A.something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
4．A.hardly B．hard C．fast D．well
5．A.communication B．education C．pollution D．vacation
6．A.strong B．weak C．rich D．poor
7．A.over B．away C．up D．on
8．A.stop B．miss C．hold D．manage
9．A.stood up B．gave up C．grew up D．broke up
10．A.though B．if C．whether D．unless
Cloze Three
(2022·河北十八县联考二模)My favorite teacher is Miss Chan, my class teacher. We are going to 1 this school and I will miss her very much.
Miss Chan is very patient. Whenever we 2 questions in class, she explains to us very carefully. She is also 3 because she cares much about us. She often says to us, “Tell me immediately if you feel unhappy. Share your 4 with me and do not just try to solve it by yourself.”
Miss Chan is very generous(慷慨的). One day, she gave each of us a book, Three Days to See, and told 5 we should read more, and gave each of us a beautiful pen as a 6 . When she is free, she 7 helps us with our studies and we've made great progress.
All of us like Miss Chan and she also likes us 8 she thinks we are excellent. She always says she thinks herself very 9 to be the teacher of my class. In fact, Miss Chan is the most thoughtful teacher I have ever met. She always 10 our feelings. I hope I will go to a high school with teachers as good as Miss Chan.
1．A.leave B．meet C．choose D．know
2．A.remember B．spell C．train D．ask
3．A.humorous B．surprised C．strange D．kind
4．A.advantage B．problem C．chance D．skill
5．A.them B．you C．us D．him
6．A.gift B．mark C．smile D．joke
7．A.never B．often C．hardly D．seldom
8．A.unless B．until C．because D．though
9．A.silly B．lucky C．angry D．excellent
10．A.worries about B．talks about C．looks about D．thinks about
参考答案
【河北题型精练】
Cloze One
1．A　2.D　3.B　4.C　5.B　6.C　7.C　8.D　9.A　10.C
Cloze Two
1．D　2.C　3.A　4.B　5.C　6.D　7.B　8.D　9.A　10.B
Cloze Three
1．A　2.D　3.D　4.B　5.C　6.A　7.B　8.C　9.B　10.D