北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册UNIT8 Literature LESSON 3 20,000 Leagues Under The Sea（教学课件）（63张））——高中英语
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| 名称 | 北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册UNIT8 Literature LESSON 3 20,000 Leagues Under The Sea（教学课件）（63张））——高中英语 |  | |
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(共63张PPT)
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
LESSON 3 20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
北师大版高中英语选择性必修第三册
20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
ACTIVE AND SHRAE
Activity 1
Have you ever read any science fiction Who are the writers What are the stories about
READ AND EXPLORE
Activity 2
Read an extract from 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne and find out what happened to “I”，the professor in the story.
Fact File
Jules Verne（1828—1905），a French novelist，was called the “Father of Science
Fiction”. He wrote a widely popular series of science fictions，including Journey to the Centre of the Earth（1864），20，000 Leagues Under the Sea（1870），and Around the World in Eighty Days（1873）.
The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. Might I hope to be saved The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass disappearing in the east. It was the boat! I was lost.
“Help，help!”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation. I was sinking! I couldn’t breathe! “Help!” My mouth filled with water；I struggled against being drawn deeper，deeper down. Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea；and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease.” I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
“Is it you ” said I.
“Myself，”answered Conseil.
“That crash threw you as well as me into the sea ”
“No；but，being in my master’s service，I followed him.”
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless，our situation was no less terrible. Near one o’clock in the morning，I suddenly felt terribly tired. Conseil had to keep me up， and our preservation depended on him alone. “Leave me! Leave me!”I said to him.
“Never!” replied he. “I would drown first.”
“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! Then，I know not why，the thought of the strange，terrible animal came into my head for the first time! But that voice! I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water. I became colder and colder. I raised my head for the last time，then I sank.
At this moment a hard body struck me. I held onto it；then I felt that I was being drawn up，that I
was brought to the surface of the water，that my chest collapsed—my eyes closed， unconscious . I soon woke up，and half opened my eyes. I saw a face which I immediately recognised. “Ned!” I cried.
“The same，sir!”replied the Canadian.
“Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed ”
“Yes，Professor，but more fortunate than you，I was able to find safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea. Or，more correctly speaking，on this large whale. Only
I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin，but bounced off.”
“Why，Ned，why ”
“Because that creature is made of steel.” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being，and kicked it. It was evidently a hard，solid body. The black back that supported me was smooth，polished，nothing like an animal. The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. This monster was a human construction. We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening，a hole，but found nothing. At last this long night passed. Daybreak appeared. Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat. One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered an odd cry，and disappeared immediately. Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine.
Activity 3
List the names of the main characters and indicate their relationships.
the professor
Conseil，the professor’s assistant
Ned（the Canadian），a sailor with the professor
the men inside the submarine are unnamed and not considered as main characters
Activity 4
Read the extract again. Order the events（a-f）.
（ ）a The professor sank and swam towards the boat，crying for help.
（ ）b The professor learnt that he was above a metal “island” and then he was drawn
into it by eight men coming from inside.
（ ）c Conseil supported the professor and stopped the professor from drowning.
（ ）d The professor’s chest collapsed，but then he woke up and saw his friend Ned，
the Canadian.
（ ）e There was a crash and the professor，who was the narrator，fell from
his boat.
（ ）f A hard body struck the professor. He held onto it and felt that he was being
drawn up.
4
2
6
3
5
1
Activity 5
Pair Work Read again and take notes. Then tell the story to your partner.
A violent crash happened. The professor _______________ .
Suddenly, he felt himself
______________________. He grabbed___________.
Around one o’clock in the morning，______________
_____________________
The professor moved himself
___________________. It was a
Suddenly，a noise _________
_____________. At last，this long night_________ Daybreak
________.
One iron plate was moved，a man ， ，____and ________________
______________
At this moment,__________
____________. The professor woke up， and saw Ned.
Some moments later_______
_______________________
_____________________
eight men appeared and drew them into the machine
fell from the boat
drawn up to the surface of the sea，
Conseil’s arm
he felt terribly tired and he sank into the ocean
he hit a hard object in the water
to the top of the object，
human construction；
came from inside the boat，
passed，
appeared
appeared，uttered an odd cry， disappeared immediately.
Activity 6
Pair Work Think and share.
1 What physical problems did the professor suffer after he fell into the sea
2 What do you think the “creature” is Find evidence from the extract.
What social class do you think the professor and Conseil belong to Underline the expressions that
indicate their social status.
The creature is probably a submarine because it is made of steel and it has people inside. The professor found out that is was“smooth， polished”，“produced a sound of metal”and“made of metal plates”.
When he fell into the sea， the professor couldn’t breathe，and his mouth filled with water. Later he became terribly tired and cold.
The professor and Conseil probably belong to different social classes. Conseil might be the servant of the professor because of the following reasons：（1 ）he never called the professor his title or his name，but called him master，（2 ）he talked to the professor in a very polite and humble way，e. g.“If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder”， （ 3）he tried his best to serve the professor even with his life.
4 What kind of person is Conseil Find evidence from the extract to support your judgement.
Conseil seems to be a kind and loyal person because Conseil swears he will drown before he leaves the professor.
Activity 7
Complete the summary with the words below.
solid responded evidently grabbed desperation
drown construction unconscious violently sinking
The professor was thrown from the boat when it 1___________crashed. He had no
recollection of falling in but，Conseil 2 him and saved him from 3 . In 4 ，Conseil cried for help and a human voice 5 a cry back，just
s the professor became 6 . He started to 7 but was struck by a hard
body which drew him up to the surface. He came across Ned，who had also been thrown into the sea. The professor could see the“whale”8 was a hard， iron body and was smooth and 9 concluding it to be of human 10 . At daybreak a man opened the door and they were drawn down into the machine.
violently
grabbed
sinking
desperation
responded
unconscious
drown
evidently
solid
construction
Activity 8
Group Work Work in groups of four. Each student chooses a role below and completes the task independently according to the role descriptions. Share with the group before reporting to the class.
Reading Circles
WORD MASTER
· Find three words/expressions from the story that describe a situation or a character vividly.
·Explain the meaning of the words/expressions.
·Tell others why you chose the words/expressions.
Your report may go like this：
The first word/expression I found was in paragraph line . It means______. It is used to describe . I chose this word/ expression because .
PASSAGE PERSON
· Find two passages that contain vivid and impressive descriptions of the characters or events of the
story. A passage can be one or two sentences or even a piece of dialogue.
· Read the passage aloud to your group and give your reasons for choosing them.
· Invite your group members to comment on what you have chosen.
My passages：
1 Page line Reasons for choosing the passage _____________
2 Page line Reasons for choosing the passage _____________
DISCUSSION LEADER
·Raise at least two open-ended questions and provide answers to the questions.
·Invite other members to answer the questions you raised.
· Organise a group discussion for everyone to share their work and get ready for a class presentation.
·Make sure every member is ready to share with the whole class.
Your report may go like this：
Question 1： Answer：
Question 2： Answer：
SUMMARISER · Summarise the story in 4—6 sentences. Try to include the settings，the main
characters，the plot and plot development.
Your report may start like this：
This story is about_________________________________________________________
Activity 9
Group Work Change the story into a drama. Choose one of the scenes to act out.
Activity 10
Search online or use other sources to find more information about the writer and his works. Share with your partner.
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. What happened to the professor and his partners
A. Their boat crashed. B. They got attacked by pirates.
C. They got attacked by a strange object. D. Their boat hit a great whale.
2. Who saved “I”
A. The God. B. A sailor. C. A fisherman. D. Ned.
3. What was that creature made of
Plastic. B. Wood. C. Steel. D. Bamboo.
4. What was this monster like as the professor found
A. It was rough. B. It had no opening on its body.
C. It had many holes on its surface. D. It made much noise.
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）
The crash was so violent that I didn’t recall how I fell from the boat. The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass 1 （disappear）in the east. It was the boat! I was lost. I cried for help，swimming towards the boat in 2 （desperate）. I was struggling against 3____________
（draw）deeper，deeper down when someone caught me by 4 arm. The man was Conseil.
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless，our situation was no less terrible. Conseil had to keep me up，and our 5 （preserve）depended on him alone. I asked him to leave me，but he refused. Conseil kept crying for help. Suddenly，it seemed to me as if a cry answered him. There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! At this moment，a hard body 6 _______（strike） me. I held onto it；then I felt that I was being drawn up， that I was brought to the surface of the water. Then I was 7 （conscious）. When I woke up again，a familiar face appeared before me，8 I immediately recognised. “Ned!” I cried.
Ned told us that he found a strange creature made of steel. It was 9 （evident）a hard，solid body. We found there was no opening on its surface. We were wondering 10 eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly. We were drawn into their incredible machine.
disappearing
desperation
being drawn
the
preservation
struck
unconscious
which
evidently
when
Language points
核心词汇
教材原句p.36 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
1 violent adj. 强烈的；暴力的，强暴的
The violent winds blew big trees down. 狂风刮倒了大树。
Some serious violent incidents happened in that country. 那个国家发生了一些严重的暴力事件。
【词语积累】
violently adv. 激烈地，猛烈地；强烈地 violence n. 暴力；极大的力量
The tears rushed violently from her eyes and she burst out crying.
泪水从她的眼睛里猛烈地涌出，她突然大哭起来。
Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。
题组练·领悟方法
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The wind was so （violence）that it swept away all the leaves on the ground.
（2）We believe that war never settles anything. It only leads to （violent）.
（3） Frightened by the frightening scene，I was still trembling （violent）.
完成句子
（4） Because of （强烈的地震），many houses were damaged or destroyed.
violent
violence
violently
the violent earthquake
教材原句p.36 “Help，help! ”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
2 desperation n. 绝望；拼命，不顾一切
搭配 in desperation 绝望地
out of desperation 出于绝望
In desperation，Mary had to report the police. 绝望中，玛丽不得不报了警。
Pessimists say Mr Smith acted out of desperation. 悲观者们宣称，史密斯先生的行为是出于绝望。
【词语积累】
desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的；非常需要；渴望
be desperate for 极渴望……
be desperate to do sth 极渴望做某事；不顾一切地做某事
desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常
Time was running out and the sailors were getting desperate. 时间不多了，水手们感到绝望。
The team is desperate for a win.这个队极需要一场胜利。
He was desperate to get a job.他太想找到一份工作了。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］She experienced the （desperate）felt by most victims of violence.
（2） Peter left New York desperation.
（3） The victims were （desperate）in need of food，water and shelter.
（4） He is desperate a job so as to support his family.
（5） Out desperation，the girl gave up her high school education.
完成句子
（6）When hearing the bad news，he went blank and cried （绝望地）.
（7） The little boy （极渴望有） access to education.
（8）［词汇复现］She （极渴望） a good job with a high salary.
depression
in
desperately
for
of
in desperation/desperately
is desperate to have
is desperate for
教材原句p.36 I was sinking! 我要沉下去了！
3 sink vi. & vt. 下沉，沉没
sink slowly慢慢下沉
sink the ship使船下沉
The ship hit against the rocks and sank. 船撞在岩石上，沉没了。
My heart began to sink in the face of the challenges coming one after another.
面对一个又一个的困难，我的心开始沉了下来。
【误区警示】
（1）sink 的过去式、过去分词分别是：sank/sunk，sunk
（2）sink 既可以指具体的下沉，又可以指抽象的下沉。
单句语法填空
（1） Their boat （sink）. Fortunately， they were picked up by a passing ship.
（2） The mother，along with her two children，was rescued from the （sink）boat.
（3） When he got the news，his heart .
完成句子
（4）［词汇复现］At last，they （沉船）in desperation.
（5）［词汇复现］Tom’s heart （开始沉下去）when he was rejected by the employer a second time.
sank
sinking
sank
sank the ship
began to sink
教材原句p.36 If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease. 如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
4 ease n. 轻易，毫不费劲；舒适；安逸；自在
with ease 容易地
搭配 at ease 自在地；舒适地
feel at ease 感到自在
Alice passed the driving test with ease. 艾丽斯很容易地通过了驾照考试。
I do think I can make continuous progress with ease if I keep on working hard like this.
我的确认为如果我继续像这样努力工作，我可以轻松地不断进步。［词汇复现］
Bob was at ease when he stayed with his youngest brother. 鲍勃与他最小的弟弟在一起时，很自在。
【词语积累】 easy adj. 容易的；轻易的 easily adv. 容易地；轻松地
单句语法填空
（1） Now he can set his mind ease because he has passed the exam_______ ease.
（2）［词汇复现］In my opinion，it is not （ease）for him to persuade his brother to join us.
（3） After singing she noticed that she could also breathe more （easy）.
（4） Of course，not all women feel ease talking about childbirth with men.
（5）［词汇复现］Nancy was so intelligent that she solved the problem （easy）.
（6）［词汇复现］He can keep pace with his parents ease though he is only six years old.
at with
easy
easily
at
easily
with
教材原句p.36 I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
5 grab vt. 攫取，抓住；利用，抓住（机会）；抢占
grab sb’s arm=grab sb by the arm=grab the arm of sb 抓住某人的手臂
搭配 grab sb by the collar 抓住某人的衣领
grab the chance/opportunity 抓住机会
I grabbed his hand，but he shook me loose violently.
我抓住了他的手，但他使劲挣脱了。［词汇复现］
Mr Green grabbed the chance and made a fortune. 格林先生抓住这个机会挣了一大笔钱。
【误区警示】
grab 的过去式，过去分词以及现在分词分别是： grabbed，grabbed，grabbing
单句语法填空
（1） The boy （grab）the hands of his teacher and gave her a small gift.
（2）［词汇复现］Henry grabbed me the arm and asked me if I could fetch a book from the shelf for him.
完成句子
（3） Rose （抓住了这个好机会）to improve her Chinese.
（4） The thief could not escape，as I （抓住了他的衣领）.
grabbed
by
grabbed the good chance/opportunity
grabbed him by the collar
教材原句p.36 Conseil had to keep me up，and our preservation depended on him alone. 康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
6 keep...up 使……不下沉
keep up（使）不倒下；（使）不下沉；坚持；维持；保留（传统等）
The soldier tried his best to keep the drowning girl up.
这位士兵尽他最大努力使这个溺水女孩不下沉。［词汇复现］
After a long hike，they settled in a small town，which still kept up the ancient Roman customs.
长时间远足之后，他们在一座小镇定居下来，镇里仍然沿袭着古罗马的风俗。［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
up with 跟得上，不落后
keep off （使）不靠近
out （of）阻止进入；不卷入
away （使）远离
keep on（doing） 继续（做）
back 阻止；抑制
I managed to stick to the diet and keep off sweet foods.
我努力做到了只吃规定饮食，不吃甜食。
The journalist couldn’t keep back his disappointment when the chance of getting the scoop slipped away. 当获得独家新闻的机会溜走时，这位记者抑制不住自己的失望。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） When in trouble，you should keep your courage.
（2） Keep trying，and you’ll succeed.
（3） Anna was unable to keep her tears，and wept freely.
（4） You’re walking too fast. I can’t keep up you.
（5） Keep the children . It’s dangerous here!
（6）［词汇复现］All the parents should guarantee that they should keep their children
of the grass.
（7） An apple a day keeps the doctor .
up
on
back
with
off
out
away
7 preservation n. 维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
Believe it or not，ancient Chinese people had their own methods of heat preservation in winter.
信不信由你，中国古人在冬天有他们自己的保温方法。
【词语积累】
preserve vt. 保护，维护，保留；保存，保养；保鲜
preserve...from... 保护……免受……
preserve the forest 保护森林
preserve the peace 维护和平
The association was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
成立这个社团是为了保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） Some people lack the basic knowledge of （preserve）.
（2）［词汇复现］It is her job （preserve） historical and cultural artifacts.
（3） At minus 130℃，a living cell can （preserve）for a thousand years.
完成句子
（4）［词汇复现］It is without disbelief that it is our duty to （保护世界和平）.
preservation
to preserve
be preserved
preserve world peace
原句p.37 At this moment a hard body struck me.
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
8 strike v. & n.
（1）vi. & vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；打动；敲；（疾病）侵袭，暴发； 突然想到；
突然袭击
sth strike（s）sb = sb strike（s）on sth 某人突然想到……
It strikes sb that...（= It hits sb that.../It occurs to sb that.../It comes to one’s mind that...）
搭配 某人突然想到……
strike sb on the head 打某人的头
be struck by/on/with 被……打动
The powerful typhoon struck the town last week. 强台风上周袭击了这个城镇。
Why did you strike me on the head 你为什么打我的头？
We were struck by/on/with his stories. 我们被他的故事打动了。
It struck me that I could do a part-time job during this winter vacation.
我突然想起，这个寒假我可以做份兼职。［词汇复现］
（2）n. 罢工；打击；袭击
搭配 on strike 罢工（表示状态）
go on strike 进行罢工（表示动作）
The taxi drivers are now on strike，so we will take the subway.
出租车司机正在罢工，因此我们将乘地铁。
【词语积累】
striker n. 罢工者；（足球的）前锋
【误区警示】
strike 的过去式、过去分词以及现在分词分别是：
struck，struck，striking
写出下列句中strike 的意思
（1） When my father came back，the clock struck twelve. ________
（2） Henry struck his sister on the head.
（3） The small town was struck by a strange disease. ________
（4） Suddenly it struck him that he had missed a good chance. ________
（5）［词汇复现］Are you willing to participate in the strike __________
一句多译
我突然意识到对一位女性来说在那时得到教育是多么难。
（6） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（7） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（8） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（9） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
敲
打
侵袭，暴发
突然想到
罢工
it struck me
it hit me
it occurred to me
it came to my mind
教材原句p.37 ...my eyes closed，unconscious. ……我眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。
9 unconscious adj. 不省人事的，失去知觉的；未意识到
搭配 be unconscious of 没意识到……
be unconscious from 因……而失去知觉
The villagers were unconscious of the consequences of the catastrophe.
村民们没有意识到灾难的后果。［词汇复现］
The girl was unconscious from the high temperature. 这个女孩因高温失去了知觉。
【词语积累】
unconsciously adv. 无意地；不知不觉地
unconsciousness n. 昏迷；无知觉状态
conscious adj. 有知觉的；意识到
be conscious of 意识到……
【词语辨析】conscious与 aware
conscious 表示内心所意识到的感觉；aware 指感官上的知觉。
【一言助记】
One may be conscious of fear，but not altogether aware of the danger which is going on about him. 一个人可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然察觉到周围将会发生什么危险。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The man was lying on the icy ground， （conscious）.
（2） Dolly was conscious her mistake.
（3） This injured soldier was unconscious loss of much blood.
（4） Men often waste their time （unconscious）.
完成句子
（5） Mrs White （被发现昏迷不醒），not breathing，and her heart had stopped beating.
（6）［词汇复现］The clerk （因……而不省人事）seeing such a frightening scene.
辨析填空：conscious，aware
（7）［词汇复现］When the librarian became ， she found herself surrounded by a group of people.
（8）［词汇复现］Everybody should be made of the risks involved.
unconscious
of
from
unconsciously
was found unconscious
was unconscious from
conscious
aware
教材原句p.37 Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin，but bounced o. 不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。
10 bounce vi. & vt.（使）弹起，（使）反弹
搭配 bounce off 弹开；从……弹开
bounce back 恢复健康；振作起来；恢复元气；重整旗鼓
The ball bounced twice before it entered the basket. 球弹了两次才进了篮筐。
The ball bounced off the table. 球从桌子上弹开。
He was very sad after he lost the match，but bounced back soon.
他输了比赛后很伤心，但很快就振作起来了。
单句语法填空
（1） Drops of water either sit on the surface of the leaves or bounce .
（2） He is young enough to bounce from this disappointment.
完成句子
（3）［词汇复现］He was unconscious from falling down on the icy ground，but
（恢复过来）soon afterwards.
（4） The ball （ 弹开）the post and into the goal.
off
back
bounced back
bounced off
教材原句p.37 It was evidently a hard，solid body. 显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
11 evidently adv. 明显地，显然
Evidently，the ship is sinking so he yelled at the persons on board to look out. 显然，船要沉没了，所以他对船上的人大喊，让他们小心。［词汇复现］
She was evidently upset by what she saw. 她显然对所见到的事情感到不快。
【词语积累】
evident adj. 明显的，显而易见的
It is evident that... ……是显而易见的。
evidence n. 证据
It is evident that he has already bounced back after the blow.
很明显，他在遭受打击后已经恢复过来了。［词汇复现］
The lawyer asked them to keep the evidence in case. 律师要求他们保留证据以防万一。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］ （evident），the position they advertised on the Internet has attracted many applicants.
（2）［词汇复现］ is evident that security of the preservation of the company property is of great importance.
（3）［词汇复现］The newly-found （evident）brought hope to the lawyer.
（4） She walked slowly down the road， （evident）in pain.
完成句子
（5）［词汇复现］ （很明显）the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
=［词汇复现］ （很明显）， the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
Evidently
It
evidence
evidently
It is evident that
Evidently
教材原句p.37 The black back that supported me was smooth， polished，nothing like an animal. 在我脚下黑色的背脊精光溜滑，一点也不像动物。
12 polished adj. 擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的
the polished shoes 铮亮的鞋子
the polished chair 精致的椅子
a polished performance精湛的演出
【词语积累】
polish vt. 磨光，擦亮；修改，润色
polish up 提高（技能）；改善（外表等）；擦亮，擦光
Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather. 要经常擦鞋，以保护皮革。
My composition was carefully polished and checked before being handed in.
我的作文是经过仔细润色和检查后才上交的。
单句语法填空
（1）Wearing a pair of （polish）shoes， Nick looked quite proud.
（2）［词汇复现］The company needs to polish its image to make a bigger profit.
（3） I’m going to New York，so I must polish my English.
完成句子
（4） The report may also take a copy to the native speaker ______________________ （对风格进行润色）.
polished
up
up
to polish the style
教材原句p.37 This monster was a human construction. 这个怪物是人造的。
13 construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
搭配：under construction 在建设中（表示被动含义）
Work has begun on the construction of the new airport. 新机场的修建已经开工。
The building the local government sponsors for the elderly is under construction.
当地政府资助的养老院正在建设中。［词汇复现］
【词语积累】 construct vt. 建造；修筑；组成 constructor n. 建造者；制造者；建造商
The workers spent less than five years constructing Beijing Daxing International Airport.
工人们花了不到五年的时间建造了北京大兴国际机场。
【归纳拓展】“under + n.”结构还有：
under discussion 在讨论中 under consideration 在考虑中 under repair 在维修中 under control 被控制住 under treatment 在治疗中 under examination 在审查中
单句语法填空
（1） The local government raised large sums for highway （construct）.
（2） The new library is construction at present.
（3） The （construct）has agreed to reduce the price of the apartment.
完成句子
（4） Be patient. The programme is （在讨论中）.
（5） Aside from the three teaching buildings，our library is （在建设中） at the same time.
（6）［词汇复现］The proposal he put forward that we should take effective measures to improve the management of the department is （在考虑中）.
construction
under
constructor
under discussion
under construction
under consideration
重点句式
教材原句p.36 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
【句式分析】本句是一个复合句，so...that...引导结果状语从句。
1 so...that... 如此……以至于……
The film is so impressive that I’d like to see it a second time.
这部电影太打动人心了，我想再看一遍。［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
形容词/ 副词
形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数
many/few + 可数名词复数
much/little（少）+ 不可数名词
so +
+ that...
My mother is so stubborn that I can never persuade her to give in.
我的母亲很固执，我从来不能说服她让步。［词汇复现］
We had so little time that we couldn’t finish the work on schedule.
我们的时间那么少，以至于我们不能按时完成那项工作。
【学法点拨】
a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数
形容词+ 可数名词复数
形容词+ 不可数名词
She bought such beautiful curtains that the room looks more beautiful.
她买了这么漂亮的窗帘，房间看起来更漂亮了。［词汇复现］
It is such nice weather that more and more people are wandering in the garden.
天气这么好，越来越多的人在花园里闲逛。［词汇复现］
【易混比较】
so + 形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数 = such + a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数
so reliable a person = such a reliable person 如此值得信任的一个人［词汇复现］
such +
+ that
单句语法填空
（1） At one point we were so high we found ourselves cycling through clouds.
（2）［词汇复现］The poet was upset that he wandered around the lake for a long time and wrote a famous poem.
（3）［词汇复现］The vases the skilled workers made are so polished they attract more and more customers.
（4）［词汇复现］She is an intelligent girl that she can deal with such kind of problems well.
（5）［词汇复现］It is such useful information the lawyer sighed with relief.
（6） You can’t imagine that little birds can eat many insects in a short time.
that
so
that
such
that
such so such
完成句子
（7） It was （如此吵闹以至于）we couldn’t hear ourselves speak.
（8） He （跑得如此快以至于）nobody could catch up with him.
（9） It was （如此热的一天）that nobody could focus their attention on work.
（10） It is （如此阴的天气）that I feel a little blue.
so noisy that
ran so fast that
such a hot day/so hot a day
such cloudy weather
教材原句p.36 If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
【句式分析】句中的 so...as to do... 意为“如此……以至于……”， 作状语表示结果。so 修饰形容词或副词。
2 so...as to do... 如此……以至于……
Martin was so good as to help me solve the tricky problem.
马丁如此好，帮我解决了那个棘手的问题。
Will you be so kind as to help the elderly in our neighbourhood to do a cleaning with me today
你能好心今天和我一起帮我们小区的老人做大扫除吗？［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
（1）表示结果的句型：
so that 因此；所以
so...that.../such...that... 如此……以至于……
（2）表示目的的用法：
in order to/so as to...
in order to 可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是 in order not to。
so as to 不放在句首，否定形式是 so as not to。
in order that/so that 可引导目的状语从句，从句中常含有 can，may， could，might 等 情态动词。
He sat at the corner so that he survived the accident. 他坐在角落里，所以在事故中幸存了下来。
The librarian got to the library ten minutes early so that he could arrange the books on the shelf.
图书馆管理员提前十分钟到了图书馆，以便整理书架上的书。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） Mr Smith was so generous to give away many medical masks，protective suits to the hospitals.
（2） Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as （stay）home and raise her family.
（3） She tried to slide into the room so as not （see）by other people.
句型转换
（4） In order to see it clearly，he put on his glasses.
= He put on his glasses _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
（5）［词汇复现］The suit he wore was so decent as to earn him respect at the party.
= The suit he wore was it earned him respect at the party.
= The suit he wore was decent it earned him respect at the party.
as
to stay
to be seen
in order to see it clearly/so as to see it clearly/
in order that he could see it clearly/so that he could see it clearly
so decent that
so that
原句p.36 It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. 我似乎隐约听到有人回应他。
【句式分析】句中的“It seemed to sb as if...”是固定句型，意为“对 某人来说似乎……”。
3 as if 引导的从句
句中的as if = as though，意为“好像；似乎”。引导表语从句时，常跟在look，seem，taste，smell，sound 等词后。它引导的从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，用陈述语气。若用虚拟语气， as if 从句中的谓语如下表所示：
与现在事实不符 过去式（be 动词常用were）
与过去事实不符 had + 过去分词
与将来事实不符 would/could/might/should + 动词原形
Black clouds are dissipating. It seems as if it is going to be a fine day.
乌云正在消散，看起来似乎要晴天了。（陈述语气）
Professor Yang continued to speak as if nothing had happened.
杨教授继续发言，好像什么也没发生一样。（虚拟语气，与过去事实相反）
It seemed as if the world were at an end!
似乎到了世界末日 ！（虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）
He talked so confidently as if he could fly to the moon tomorrow.
他说得那么自信，好像他明天就能飞到月球上去似的。（虚拟语气， 与将来事实相反）
【误区警示】
as if/though 引导的从句有时可用省略形式as if/though + to do/ doing。
She stood at the door as if waiting for someone. 她站在门口，好像在等人。
He opened his mouth as if to say something. 他张开嘴，好像要说什么。
单句语法填空
（1） The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she （be） their own mother.
（2） Susan was walking up and down on the playground as if （search）for something.
（3） Jack wasn’t saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him as if he （do） something very clever.
完成句子
（4）He described the characters in the novel （好像他见过他们） face to face.
（5） He talks about Rome as if he （去过）there before.
（6） Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked
（好像他们是亲密的朋友）.
（7） Eliza 记得一切，就像昨天发生的一样。
Eliza remembers everything .
（8） 他似乎非常匆忙。 he is in a terrible hurry.
were
searching
hads done
as if/though he had met them
had been
as if/though they were close friends
as if/though it happened yesterday
It seems as if
教材原句p.37 ...incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. ……虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。
【句式分析】本句是复合句。incredible though it may be 是让步状语 从句，用了倒装语序。此类倒装句中，常将从句中的表语、状语甚至谓语动词的一部分置于句首。
4 though 引导的让步状语从句
Difficult though the task is，we’ll try our best to complete it in time.
虽然这项任务很困难，但我们会尽最大努力按时完成。
Much though I liked the car，I couldn’t afford it. 虽然我很喜欢这辆车，但我买不起它。
Try though he might，he didn’t catch up with our monitor.
虽然他可能尽力了，但他没赶上我们的班长。
【误区警示】
（1）引导让步状语从句时，as 须用倒装句；though 可用倒装句，也可不用；
although 不用倒装句。
（2）当表语为可数名词单数时，放在句首，其前不加冠词。
Scientist as he is，he is very humorous.
虽然他是一名科学家，但他很幽默。
单句语法填空
（1） Strange it might seem，he remained silent all through the meeting.
（2） it is raining heavily，they are still working in the field.
完成句子
（3） （虽然她很累），she still read bedtime stories for her children.（用倒装语序）
（4） （虽然亨利可能尽力了），he didn’t pass the examination.（用倒装语序）
选词填空（as/though/although）
（5）［词汇复现］Young the journalist is， he has a good nose for news.
（6）［词汇复现］ he is disabled，he never loses heart and has made up his mind to earn his own living.
（7）［词汇复现］Child he is，he can dance aside from singing.
as/though
Although/Though
Tired as/though she was
Try as/though Henry might
as/though
Although/Though
as/though
原句p.37 Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine. 过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
【句式分析】本句是简单句。主干为：eight strong men appeared and drew...。句中的their faces covered 是“名词+ 过去分词”构成的独立主格结构，their faces 与cover 之间是被动关系。
5 独立主格结构
现在分词/ 过去分词/ 不定式
形容词/ 副词/ 介词短语
功能 在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随等
（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同
“名词 / 代词 + 现在分词”表示主动意义或动作正在进行
“名词/ 代词+ 过去分词”表示被动意义或动作已完成
“名词/ 代词+ 不定式”表示没有发生或将要发生的动作
注意
（2）
构成
名词/ 代词+
The boy left，his eyes filled with tears.
那个男孩离开了，眼里充满了泪水。
The journalist rushed into the office，some photos in hand.
这位记者手里拿着几张照片冲进了办公室。［词汇复现］
The storm（being）over，everything was in peace again.
暴风雨过去了，一切又恢复了平静。
We’ll set off tomorrow，weather permitting.
天气允许的话，我们明天动身。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures，some （have）a lifespan of around 20 years.
（2）［词汇复现］Weather （permit）， the construction will be completed at the end of this week.
（3） Many things （settle），the manager looks worried.
（4） All the homework （do），you can have a rest.
（5）［词汇复现］Nobody （feel）content with the advertising budget，it was cut.
（6） There （be）no bus，we had to walk home.
（7） He was working quietly，all his attention （focus）on the task.
（8） Everything （take）into consider-ation，his plan seems to be more workable.
完成句子
（9）［词汇复现］ （没人有做这份工作的资历）in the
company，the employer had to employ another person.
（10） （黎明到来），more and more people rise to work out.
having
permitting
to settle
done
feeling
focused
taken
No one qualified for the job
Daybreak coming/approaching
being
Thank you!
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
LESSON 3 20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
北师大版高中英语选择性必修第三册
20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
ACTIVE AND SHRAE
Activity 1
Have you ever read any science fiction Who are the writers What are the stories about
READ AND EXPLORE
Activity 2
Read an extract from 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne and find out what happened to “I”，the professor in the story.
Fact File
Jules Verne（1828—1905），a French novelist，was called the “Father of Science
Fiction”. He wrote a widely popular series of science fictions，including Journey to the Centre of the Earth（1864），20，000 Leagues Under the Sea（1870），and Around the World in Eighty Days（1873）.
The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. Might I hope to be saved The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass disappearing in the east. It was the boat! I was lost.
“Help，help!”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation. I was sinking! I couldn’t breathe! “Help!” My mouth filled with water；I struggled against being drawn deeper，deeper down. Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea；and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease.” I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
“Is it you ” said I.
“Myself，”answered Conseil.
“That crash threw you as well as me into the sea ”
“No；but，being in my master’s service，I followed him.”
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless，our situation was no less terrible. Near one o’clock in the morning，I suddenly felt terribly tired. Conseil had to keep me up， and our preservation depended on him alone. “Leave me! Leave me!”I said to him.
“Never!” replied he. “I would drown first.”
“Help! Help!” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! Then，I know not why，the thought of the strange，terrible animal came into my head for the first time! But that voice! I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water. I became colder and colder. I raised my head for the last time，then I sank.
At this moment a hard body struck me. I held onto it；then I felt that I was being drawn up，that I
was brought to the surface of the water，that my chest collapsed—my eyes closed， unconscious . I soon woke up，and half opened my eyes. I saw a face which I immediately recognised. “Ned!” I cried.
“The same，sir!”replied the Canadian.
“Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed ”
“Yes，Professor，but more fortunate than you，I was able to find safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea. Or，more correctly speaking，on this large whale. Only
I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin，but bounced off.”
“Why，Ned，why ”
“Because that creature is made of steel.” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being，and kicked it. It was evidently a hard，solid body. The black back that supported me was smooth，polished，nothing like an animal. The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. This monster was a human construction. We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening，a hole，but found nothing. At last this long night passed. Daybreak appeared. Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat. One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered an odd cry，and disappeared immediately. Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine.
Activity 3
List the names of the main characters and indicate their relationships.
the professor
Conseil，the professor’s assistant
Ned（the Canadian），a sailor with the professor
the men inside the submarine are unnamed and not considered as main characters
Activity 4
Read the extract again. Order the events（a-f）.
（ ）a The professor sank and swam towards the boat，crying for help.
（ ）b The professor learnt that he was above a metal “island” and then he was drawn
into it by eight men coming from inside.
（ ）c Conseil supported the professor and stopped the professor from drowning.
（ ）d The professor’s chest collapsed，but then he woke up and saw his friend Ned，
the Canadian.
（ ）e There was a crash and the professor，who was the narrator，fell from
his boat.
（ ）f A hard body struck the professor. He held onto it and felt that he was being
drawn up.
4
2
6
3
5
1
Activity 5
Pair Work Read again and take notes. Then tell the story to your partner.
A violent crash happened. The professor _______________ .
Suddenly, he felt himself
______________________. He grabbed___________.
Around one o’clock in the morning，______________
_____________________
The professor moved himself
___________________. It was a
Suddenly，a noise _________
_____________. At last，this long night_________ Daybreak
________.
One iron plate was moved，a man ， ，____and ________________
______________
At this moment,__________
____________. The professor woke up， and saw Ned.
Some moments later_______
_______________________
_____________________
eight men appeared and drew them into the machine
fell from the boat
drawn up to the surface of the sea，
Conseil’s arm
he felt terribly tired and he sank into the ocean
he hit a hard object in the water
to the top of the object，
human construction；
came from inside the boat，
passed，
appeared
appeared，uttered an odd cry， disappeared immediately.
Activity 6
Pair Work Think and share.
1 What physical problems did the professor suffer after he fell into the sea
2 What do you think the “creature” is Find evidence from the extract.
What social class do you think the professor and Conseil belong to Underline the expressions that
indicate their social status.
The creature is probably a submarine because it is made of steel and it has people inside. The professor found out that is was“smooth， polished”，“produced a sound of metal”and“made of metal plates”.
When he fell into the sea， the professor couldn’t breathe，and his mouth filled with water. Later he became terribly tired and cold.
The professor and Conseil probably belong to different social classes. Conseil might be the servant of the professor because of the following reasons：（1 ）he never called the professor his title or his name，but called him master，（2 ）he talked to the professor in a very polite and humble way，e. g.“If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder”， （ 3）he tried his best to serve the professor even with his life.
4 What kind of person is Conseil Find evidence from the extract to support your judgement.
Conseil seems to be a kind and loyal person because Conseil swears he will drown before he leaves the professor.
Activity 7
Complete the summary with the words below.
solid responded evidently grabbed desperation
drown construction unconscious violently sinking
The professor was thrown from the boat when it 1___________crashed. He had no
recollection of falling in but，Conseil 2 him and saved him from 3 . In 4 ，Conseil cried for help and a human voice 5 a cry back，just
s the professor became 6 . He started to 7 but was struck by a hard
body which drew him up to the surface. He came across Ned，who had also been thrown into the sea. The professor could see the“whale”8 was a hard， iron body and was smooth and 9 concluding it to be of human 10 . At daybreak a man opened the door and they were drawn down into the machine.
violently
grabbed
sinking
desperation
responded
unconscious
drown
evidently
solid
construction
Activity 8
Group Work Work in groups of four. Each student chooses a role below and completes the task independently according to the role descriptions. Share with the group before reporting to the class.
Reading Circles
WORD MASTER
· Find three words/expressions from the story that describe a situation or a character vividly.
·Explain the meaning of the words/expressions.
·Tell others why you chose the words/expressions.
Your report may go like this：
The first word/expression I found was in paragraph line . It means______. It is used to describe . I chose this word/ expression because .
PASSAGE PERSON
· Find two passages that contain vivid and impressive descriptions of the characters or events of the
story. A passage can be one or two sentences or even a piece of dialogue.
· Read the passage aloud to your group and give your reasons for choosing them.
· Invite your group members to comment on what you have chosen.
My passages：
1 Page line Reasons for choosing the passage _____________
2 Page line Reasons for choosing the passage _____________
DISCUSSION LEADER
·Raise at least two open-ended questions and provide answers to the questions.
·Invite other members to answer the questions you raised.
· Organise a group discussion for everyone to share their work and get ready for a class presentation.
·Make sure every member is ready to share with the whole class.
Your report may go like this：
Question 1： Answer：
Question 2： Answer：
SUMMARISER · Summarise the story in 4—6 sentences. Try to include the settings，the main
characters，the plot and plot development.
Your report may start like this：
This story is about_________________________________________________________
Activity 9
Group Work Change the story into a drama. Choose one of the scenes to act out.
Activity 10
Search online or use other sources to find more information about the writer and his works. Share with your partner.
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）
1. What happened to the professor and his partners
A. Their boat crashed. B. They got attacked by pirates.
C. They got attacked by a strange object. D. Their boat hit a great whale.
2. Who saved “I”
A. The God. B. A sailor. C. A fisherman. D. Ned.
3. What was that creature made of
Plastic. B. Wood. C. Steel. D. Bamboo.
4. What was this monster like as the professor found
A. It was rough. B. It had no opening on its body.
C. It had many holes on its surface. D. It made much noise.
Ⅱ 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）
The crash was so violent that I didn’t recall how I fell from the boat. The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass 1 （disappear）in the east. It was the boat! I was lost. I cried for help，swimming towards the boat in 2 （desperate）. I was struggling against 3____________
（draw）deeper，deeper down when someone caught me by 4 arm. The man was Conseil.
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless，our situation was no less terrible. Conseil had to keep me up，and our 5 （preserve）depended on him alone. I asked him to leave me，but he refused. Conseil kept crying for help. Suddenly，it seemed to me as if a cry answered him. There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! At this moment，a hard body 6 _______（strike） me. I held onto it；then I felt that I was being drawn up， that I was brought to the surface of the water. Then I was 7 （conscious）. When I woke up again，a familiar face appeared before me，8 I immediately recognised. “Ned!” I cried.
Ned told us that he found a strange creature made of steel. It was 9 （evident）a hard，solid body. We found there was no opening on its surface. We were wondering 10 eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly. We were drawn into their incredible machine.
disappearing
desperation
being drawn
the
preservation
struck
unconscious
which
evidently
when
Language points
核心词汇
教材原句p.36 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
1 violent adj. 强烈的；暴力的，强暴的
The violent winds blew big trees down. 狂风刮倒了大树。
Some serious violent incidents happened in that country. 那个国家发生了一些严重的暴力事件。
【词语积累】
violently adv. 激烈地，猛烈地；强烈地 violence n. 暴力；极大的力量
The tears rushed violently from her eyes and she burst out crying.
泪水从她的眼睛里猛烈地涌出，她突然大哭起来。
Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。
题组练·领悟方法
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The wind was so （violence）that it swept away all the leaves on the ground.
（2）We believe that war never settles anything. It only leads to （violent）.
（3） Frightened by the frightening scene，I was still trembling （violent）.
完成句子
（4） Because of （强烈的地震），many houses were damaged or destroyed.
violent
violence
violently
the violent earthquake
教材原句p.36 “Help，help! ”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
2 desperation n. 绝望；拼命，不顾一切
搭配 in desperation 绝望地
out of desperation 出于绝望
In desperation，Mary had to report the police. 绝望中，玛丽不得不报了警。
Pessimists say Mr Smith acted out of desperation. 悲观者们宣称，史密斯先生的行为是出于绝望。
【词语积累】
desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的；非常需要；渴望
be desperate for 极渴望……
be desperate to do sth 极渴望做某事；不顾一切地做某事
desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常
Time was running out and the sailors were getting desperate. 时间不多了，水手们感到绝望。
The team is desperate for a win.这个队极需要一场胜利。
He was desperate to get a job.他太想找到一份工作了。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］She experienced the （desperate）felt by most victims of violence.
（2） Peter left New York desperation.
（3） The victims were （desperate）in need of food，water and shelter.
（4） He is desperate a job so as to support his family.
（5） Out desperation，the girl gave up her high school education.
完成句子
（6）When hearing the bad news，he went blank and cried （绝望地）.
（7） The little boy （极渴望有） access to education.
（8）［词汇复现］She （极渴望） a good job with a high salary.
depression
in
desperately
for
of
in desperation/desperately
is desperate to have
is desperate for
教材原句p.36 I was sinking! 我要沉下去了！
3 sink vi. & vt. 下沉，沉没
sink slowly慢慢下沉
sink the ship使船下沉
The ship hit against the rocks and sank. 船撞在岩石上，沉没了。
My heart began to sink in the face of the challenges coming one after another.
面对一个又一个的困难，我的心开始沉了下来。
【误区警示】
（1）sink 的过去式、过去分词分别是：sank/sunk，sunk
（2）sink 既可以指具体的下沉，又可以指抽象的下沉。
单句语法填空
（1） Their boat （sink）. Fortunately， they were picked up by a passing ship.
（2） The mother，along with her two children，was rescued from the （sink）boat.
（3） When he got the news，his heart .
完成句子
（4）［词汇复现］At last，they （沉船）in desperation.
（5）［词汇复现］Tom’s heart （开始沉下去）when he was rejected by the employer a second time.
sank
sinking
sank
sank the ship
began to sink
教材原句p.36 If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease. 如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
4 ease n. 轻易，毫不费劲；舒适；安逸；自在
with ease 容易地
搭配 at ease 自在地；舒适地
feel at ease 感到自在
Alice passed the driving test with ease. 艾丽斯很容易地通过了驾照考试。
I do think I can make continuous progress with ease if I keep on working hard like this.
我的确认为如果我继续像这样努力工作，我可以轻松地不断进步。［词汇复现］
Bob was at ease when he stayed with his youngest brother. 鲍勃与他最小的弟弟在一起时，很自在。
【词语积累】 easy adj. 容易的；轻易的 easily adv. 容易地；轻松地
单句语法填空
（1） Now he can set his mind ease because he has passed the exam_______ ease.
（2）［词汇复现］In my opinion，it is not （ease）for him to persuade his brother to join us.
（3） After singing she noticed that she could also breathe more （easy）.
（4） Of course，not all women feel ease talking about childbirth with men.
（5）［词汇复现］Nancy was so intelligent that she solved the problem （easy）.
（6）［词汇复现］He can keep pace with his parents ease though he is only six years old.
at with
easy
easily
at
easily
with
教材原句p.36 I grabbed my faithful Conseil’s arm with one hand.
我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
5 grab vt. 攫取，抓住；利用，抓住（机会）；抢占
grab sb’s arm=grab sb by the arm=grab the arm of sb 抓住某人的手臂
搭配 grab sb by the collar 抓住某人的衣领
grab the chance/opportunity 抓住机会
I grabbed his hand，but he shook me loose violently.
我抓住了他的手，但他使劲挣脱了。［词汇复现］
Mr Green grabbed the chance and made a fortune. 格林先生抓住这个机会挣了一大笔钱。
【误区警示】
grab 的过去式，过去分词以及现在分词分别是： grabbed，grabbed，grabbing
单句语法填空
（1） The boy （grab）the hands of his teacher and gave her a small gift.
（2）［词汇复现］Henry grabbed me the arm and asked me if I could fetch a book from the shelf for him.
完成句子
（3） Rose （抓住了这个好机会）to improve her Chinese.
（4） The thief could not escape，as I （抓住了他的衣领）.
grabbed
by
grabbed the good chance/opportunity
grabbed him by the collar
教材原句p.36 Conseil had to keep me up，and our preservation depended on him alone. 康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
6 keep...up 使……不下沉
keep up（使）不倒下；（使）不下沉；坚持；维持；保留（传统等）
The soldier tried his best to keep the drowning girl up.
这位士兵尽他最大努力使这个溺水女孩不下沉。［词汇复现］
After a long hike，they settled in a small town，which still kept up the ancient Roman customs.
长时间远足之后，他们在一座小镇定居下来，镇里仍然沿袭着古罗马的风俗。［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
up with 跟得上，不落后
keep off （使）不靠近
out （of）阻止进入；不卷入
away （使）远离
keep on（doing） 继续（做）
back 阻止；抑制
I managed to stick to the diet and keep off sweet foods.
我努力做到了只吃规定饮食，不吃甜食。
The journalist couldn’t keep back his disappointment when the chance of getting the scoop slipped away. 当获得独家新闻的机会溜走时，这位记者抑制不住自己的失望。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） When in trouble，you should keep your courage.
（2） Keep trying，and you’ll succeed.
（3） Anna was unable to keep her tears，and wept freely.
（4） You’re walking too fast. I can’t keep up you.
（5） Keep the children . It’s dangerous here!
（6）［词汇复现］All the parents should guarantee that they should keep their children
of the grass.
（7） An apple a day keeps the doctor .
up
on
back
with
off
out
away
7 preservation n. 维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
Believe it or not，ancient Chinese people had their own methods of heat preservation in winter.
信不信由你，中国古人在冬天有他们自己的保温方法。
【词语积累】
preserve vt. 保护，维护，保留；保存，保养；保鲜
preserve...from... 保护……免受……
preserve the forest 保护森林
preserve the peace 维护和平
The association was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
成立这个社团是为了保护濒危物种免遭灭绝。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） Some people lack the basic knowledge of （preserve）.
（2）［词汇复现］It is her job （preserve） historical and cultural artifacts.
（3） At minus 130℃，a living cell can （preserve）for a thousand years.
完成句子
（4）［词汇复现］It is without disbelief that it is our duty to （保护世界和平）.
preservation
to preserve
be preserved
preserve world peace
原句p.37 At this moment a hard body struck me.
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
8 strike v. & n.
（1）vi. & vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；打动；敲；（疾病）侵袭，暴发； 突然想到；
突然袭击
sth strike（s）sb = sb strike（s）on sth 某人突然想到……
It strikes sb that...（= It hits sb that.../It occurs to sb that.../It comes to one’s mind that...）
搭配 某人突然想到……
strike sb on the head 打某人的头
be struck by/on/with 被……打动
The powerful typhoon struck the town last week. 强台风上周袭击了这个城镇。
Why did you strike me on the head 你为什么打我的头？
We were struck by/on/with his stories. 我们被他的故事打动了。
It struck me that I could do a part-time job during this winter vacation.
我突然想起，这个寒假我可以做份兼职。［词汇复现］
（2）n. 罢工；打击；袭击
搭配 on strike 罢工（表示状态）
go on strike 进行罢工（表示动作）
The taxi drivers are now on strike，so we will take the subway.
出租车司机正在罢工，因此我们将乘地铁。
【词语积累】
striker n. 罢工者；（足球的）前锋
【误区警示】
strike 的过去式、过去分词以及现在分词分别是：
struck，struck，striking
写出下列句中strike 的意思
（1） When my father came back，the clock struck twelve. ________
（2） Henry struck his sister on the head.
（3） The small town was struck by a strange disease. ________
（4） Suddenly it struck him that he had missed a good chance. ________
（5）［词汇复现］Are you willing to participate in the strike __________
一句多译
我突然意识到对一位女性来说在那时得到教育是多么难。
（6） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（7） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（8） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
（9） Suddenly how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
敲
打
侵袭，暴发
突然想到
罢工
it struck me
it hit me
it occurred to me
it came to my mind
教材原句p.37 ...my eyes closed，unconscious. ……我眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。
9 unconscious adj. 不省人事的，失去知觉的；未意识到
搭配 be unconscious of 没意识到……
be unconscious from 因……而失去知觉
The villagers were unconscious of the consequences of the catastrophe.
村民们没有意识到灾难的后果。［词汇复现］
The girl was unconscious from the high temperature. 这个女孩因高温失去了知觉。
【词语积累】
unconsciously adv. 无意地；不知不觉地
unconsciousness n. 昏迷；无知觉状态
conscious adj. 有知觉的；意识到
be conscious of 意识到……
【词语辨析】conscious与 aware
conscious 表示内心所意识到的感觉；aware 指感官上的知觉。
【一言助记】
One may be conscious of fear，but not altogether aware of the danger which is going on about him. 一个人可能会心感恐惧，但并不能全然察觉到周围将会发生什么危险。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The man was lying on the icy ground， （conscious）.
（2） Dolly was conscious her mistake.
（3） This injured soldier was unconscious loss of much blood.
（4） Men often waste their time （unconscious）.
完成句子
（5） Mrs White （被发现昏迷不醒），not breathing，and her heart had stopped beating.
（6）［词汇复现］The clerk （因……而不省人事）seeing such a frightening scene.
辨析填空：conscious，aware
（7）［词汇复现］When the librarian became ， she found herself surrounded by a group of people.
（8）［词汇复现］Everybody should be made of the risks involved.
unconscious
of
from
unconsciously
was found unconscious
was unconscious from
conscious
aware
教材原句p.37 Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin，but bounced o. 不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。
10 bounce vi. & vt.（使）弹起，（使）反弹
搭配 bounce off 弹开；从……弹开
bounce back 恢复健康；振作起来；恢复元气；重整旗鼓
The ball bounced twice before it entered the basket. 球弹了两次才进了篮筐。
The ball bounced off the table. 球从桌子上弹开。
He was very sad after he lost the match，but bounced back soon.
他输了比赛后很伤心，但很快就振作起来了。
单句语法填空
（1） Drops of water either sit on the surface of the leaves or bounce .
（2） He is young enough to bounce from this disappointment.
完成句子
（3）［词汇复现］He was unconscious from falling down on the icy ground，but
（恢复过来）soon afterwards.
（4） The ball （ 弹开）the post and into the goal.
off
back
bounced back
bounced off
教材原句p.37 It was evidently a hard，solid body. 显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
11 evidently adv. 明显地，显然
Evidently，the ship is sinking so he yelled at the persons on board to look out. 显然，船要沉没了，所以他对船上的人大喊，让他们小心。［词汇复现］
She was evidently upset by what she saw. 她显然对所见到的事情感到不快。
【词语积累】
evident adj. 明显的，显而易见的
It is evident that... ……是显而易见的。
evidence n. 证据
It is evident that he has already bounced back after the blow.
很明显，他在遭受打击后已经恢复过来了。［词汇复现］
The lawyer asked them to keep the evidence in case. 律师要求他们保留证据以防万一。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］ （evident），the position they advertised on the Internet has attracted many applicants.
（2）［词汇复现］ is evident that security of the preservation of the company property is of great importance.
（3）［词汇复现］The newly-found （evident）brought hope to the lawyer.
（4） She walked slowly down the road， （evident）in pain.
完成句子
（5）［词汇复现］ （很明显）the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
=［词汇复现］ （很明显）， the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
Evidently
It
evidence
evidently
It is evident that
Evidently
教材原句p.37 The black back that supported me was smooth， polished，nothing like an animal. 在我脚下黑色的背脊精光溜滑，一点也不像动物。
12 polished adj. 擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的
the polished shoes 铮亮的鞋子
the polished chair 精致的椅子
a polished performance精湛的演出
【词语积累】
polish vt. 磨光，擦亮；修改，润色
polish up 提高（技能）；改善（外表等）；擦亮，擦光
Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather. 要经常擦鞋，以保护皮革。
My composition was carefully polished and checked before being handed in.
我的作文是经过仔细润色和检查后才上交的。
单句语法填空
（1）Wearing a pair of （polish）shoes， Nick looked quite proud.
（2）［词汇复现］The company needs to polish its image to make a bigger profit.
（3） I’m going to New York，so I must polish my English.
完成句子
（4） The report may also take a copy to the native speaker ______________________ （对风格进行润色）.
polished
up
up
to polish the style
教材原句p.37 This monster was a human construction. 这个怪物是人造的。
13 construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
搭配：under construction 在建设中（表示被动含义）
Work has begun on the construction of the new airport. 新机场的修建已经开工。
The building the local government sponsors for the elderly is under construction.
当地政府资助的养老院正在建设中。［词汇复现］
【词语积累】 construct vt. 建造；修筑；组成 constructor n. 建造者；制造者；建造商
The workers spent less than five years constructing Beijing Daxing International Airport.
工人们花了不到五年的时间建造了北京大兴国际机场。
【归纳拓展】“under + n.”结构还有：
under discussion 在讨论中 under consideration 在考虑中 under repair 在维修中 under control 被控制住 under treatment 在治疗中 under examination 在审查中
单句语法填空
（1） The local government raised large sums for highway （construct）.
（2） The new library is construction at present.
（3） The （construct）has agreed to reduce the price of the apartment.
完成句子
（4） Be patient. The programme is （在讨论中）.
（5） Aside from the three teaching buildings，our library is （在建设中） at the same time.
（6）［词汇复现］The proposal he put forward that we should take effective measures to improve the management of the department is （在考虑中）.
construction
under
constructor
under discussion
under construction
under consideration
重点句式
教材原句p.36 The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
【句式分析】本句是一个复合句，so...that...引导结果状语从句。
1 so...that... 如此……以至于……
The film is so impressive that I’d like to see it a second time.
这部电影太打动人心了，我想再看一遍。［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
形容词/ 副词
形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数
many/few + 可数名词复数
much/little（少）+ 不可数名词
so +
+ that...
My mother is so stubborn that I can never persuade her to give in.
我的母亲很固执，我从来不能说服她让步。［词汇复现］
We had so little time that we couldn’t finish the work on schedule.
我们的时间那么少，以至于我们不能按时完成那项工作。
【学法点拨】
a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数
形容词+ 可数名词复数
形容词+ 不可数名词
She bought such beautiful curtains that the room looks more beautiful.
她买了这么漂亮的窗帘，房间看起来更漂亮了。［词汇复现］
It is such nice weather that more and more people are wandering in the garden.
天气这么好，越来越多的人在花园里闲逛。［词汇复现］
【易混比较】
so + 形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数 = such + a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数
so reliable a person = such a reliable person 如此值得信任的一个人［词汇复现］
such +
+ that
单句语法填空
（1） At one point we were so high we found ourselves cycling through clouds.
（2）［词汇复现］The poet was upset that he wandered around the lake for a long time and wrote a famous poem.
（3）［词汇复现］The vases the skilled workers made are so polished they attract more and more customers.
（4）［词汇复现］She is an intelligent girl that she can deal with such kind of problems well.
（5）［词汇复现］It is such useful information the lawyer sighed with relief.
（6） You can’t imagine that little birds can eat many insects in a short time.
that
so
that
such
that
such so such
完成句子
（7） It was （如此吵闹以至于）we couldn’t hear ourselves speak.
（8） He （跑得如此快以至于）nobody could catch up with him.
（9） It was （如此热的一天）that nobody could focus their attention on work.
（10） It is （如此阴的天气）that I feel a little blue.
so noisy that
ran so fast that
such a hot day/so hot a day
such cloudy weather
教材原句p.36 If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder， master would swim with much greater ease.
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
【句式分析】句中的 so...as to do... 意为“如此……以至于……”， 作状语表示结果。so 修饰形容词或副词。
2 so...as to do... 如此……以至于……
Martin was so good as to help me solve the tricky problem.
马丁如此好，帮我解决了那个棘手的问题。
Will you be so kind as to help the elderly in our neighbourhood to do a cleaning with me today
你能好心今天和我一起帮我们小区的老人做大扫除吗？［词汇复现］
【归纳拓展】
（1）表示结果的句型：
so that 因此；所以
so...that.../such...that... 如此……以至于……
（2）表示目的的用法：
in order to/so as to...
in order to 可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是 in order not to。
so as to 不放在句首，否定形式是 so as not to。
in order that/so that 可引导目的状语从句，从句中常含有 can，may， could，might 等 情态动词。
He sat at the corner so that he survived the accident. 他坐在角落里，所以在事故中幸存了下来。
The librarian got to the library ten minutes early so that he could arrange the books on the shelf.
图书馆管理员提前十分钟到了图书馆，以便整理书架上的书。［词汇复现］
单句语法填空
（1） Mr Smith was so generous to give away many medical masks，protective suits to the hospitals.
（2） Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as （stay）home and raise her family.
（3） She tried to slide into the room so as not （see）by other people.
句型转换
（4） In order to see it clearly，he put on his glasses.
= He put on his glasses _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
（5）［词汇复现］The suit he wore was so decent as to earn him respect at the party.
= The suit he wore was it earned him respect at the party.
= The suit he wore was decent it earned him respect at the party.
as
to stay
to be seen
in order to see it clearly/so as to see it clearly/
in order that he could see it clearly/so that he could see it clearly
so decent that
so that
原句p.36 It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. 我似乎隐约听到有人回应他。
【句式分析】句中的“It seemed to sb as if...”是固定句型，意为“对 某人来说似乎……”。
3 as if 引导的从句
句中的as if = as though，意为“好像；似乎”。引导表语从句时，常跟在look，seem，taste，smell，sound 等词后。它引导的从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，用陈述语气。若用虚拟语气， as if 从句中的谓语如下表所示：
与现在事实不符 过去式（be 动词常用were）
与过去事实不符 had + 过去分词
与将来事实不符 would/could/might/should + 动词原形
Black clouds are dissipating. It seems as if it is going to be a fine day.
乌云正在消散，看起来似乎要晴天了。（陈述语气）
Professor Yang continued to speak as if nothing had happened.
杨教授继续发言，好像什么也没发生一样。（虚拟语气，与过去事实相反）
It seemed as if the world were at an end!
似乎到了世界末日 ！（虚拟语气，与现在事实相反）
He talked so confidently as if he could fly to the moon tomorrow.
他说得那么自信，好像他明天就能飞到月球上去似的。（虚拟语气， 与将来事实相反）
【误区警示】
as if/though 引导的从句有时可用省略形式as if/though + to do/ doing。
She stood at the door as if waiting for someone. 她站在门口，好像在等人。
He opened his mouth as if to say something. 他张开嘴，好像要说什么。
单句语法填空
（1） The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she （be） their own mother.
（2） Susan was walking up and down on the playground as if （search）for something.
（3） Jack wasn’t saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him as if he （do） something very clever.
完成句子
（4）He described the characters in the novel （好像他见过他们） face to face.
（5） He talks about Rome as if he （去过）there before.
（6） Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked
（好像他们是亲密的朋友）.
（7） Eliza 记得一切，就像昨天发生的一样。
Eliza remembers everything .
（8） 他似乎非常匆忙。 he is in a terrible hurry.
were
searching
hads done
as if/though he had met them
had been
as if/though they were close friends
as if/though it happened yesterday
It seems as if
教材原句p.37 ...incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. ……虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。
【句式分析】本句是复合句。incredible though it may be 是让步状语 从句，用了倒装语序。此类倒装句中，常将从句中的表语、状语甚至谓语动词的一部分置于句首。
4 though 引导的让步状语从句
Difficult though the task is，we’ll try our best to complete it in time.
虽然这项任务很困难，但我们会尽最大努力按时完成。
Much though I liked the car，I couldn’t afford it. 虽然我很喜欢这辆车，但我买不起它。
Try though he might，he didn’t catch up with our monitor.
虽然他可能尽力了，但他没赶上我们的班长。
【误区警示】
（1）引导让步状语从句时，as 须用倒装句；though 可用倒装句，也可不用；
although 不用倒装句。
（2）当表语为可数名词单数时，放在句首，其前不加冠词。
Scientist as he is，he is very humorous.
虽然他是一名科学家，但他很幽默。
单句语法填空
（1） Strange it might seem，he remained silent all through the meeting.
（2） it is raining heavily，they are still working in the field.
完成句子
（3） （虽然她很累），she still read bedtime stories for her children.（用倒装语序）
（4） （虽然亨利可能尽力了），he didn’t pass the examination.（用倒装语序）
选词填空（as/though/although）
（5）［词汇复现］Young the journalist is， he has a good nose for news.
（6）［词汇复现］ he is disabled，he never loses heart and has made up his mind to earn his own living.
（7）［词汇复现］Child he is，he can dance aside from singing.
as/though
Although/Though
Tired as/though she was
Try as/though Henry might
as/though
Although/Though
as/though
原句p.37 Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine. 过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
【句式分析】本句是简单句。主干为：eight strong men appeared and drew...。句中的their faces covered 是“名词+ 过去分词”构成的独立主格结构，their faces 与cover 之间是被动关系。
5 独立主格结构
现在分词/ 过去分词/ 不定式
形容词/ 副词/ 介词短语
功能 在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随等
（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同
“名词 / 代词 + 现在分词”表示主动意义或动作正在进行
“名词/ 代词+ 过去分词”表示被动意义或动作已完成
“名词/ 代词+ 不定式”表示没有发生或将要发生的动作
注意
（2）
构成
名词/ 代词+
The boy left，his eyes filled with tears.
那个男孩离开了，眼里充满了泪水。
The journalist rushed into the office，some photos in hand.
这位记者手里拿着几张照片冲进了办公室。［词汇复现］
The storm（being）over，everything was in peace again.
暴风雨过去了，一切又恢复了平静。
We’ll set off tomorrow，weather permitting.
天气允许的话，我们明天动身。
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures，some （have）a lifespan of around 20 years.
（2）［词汇复现］Weather （permit）， the construction will be completed at the end of this week.
（3） Many things （settle），the manager looks worried.
（4） All the homework （do），you can have a rest.
（5）［词汇复现］Nobody （feel）content with the advertising budget，it was cut.
（6） There （be）no bus，we had to walk home.
（7） He was working quietly，all his attention （focus）on the task.
（8） Everything （take）into consider-ation，his plan seems to be more workable.
完成句子
（9）［词汇复现］ （没人有做这份工作的资历）in the
company，the employer had to employ another person.
（10） （黎明到来），more and more people rise to work out.
having
permitting
to settle
done
feeling
focused
taken
No one qualified for the job
Daybreak coming/approaching
being
Thank you!