外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit6 survival Starting Out&Understanding Ideas 课件(共44张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit6 survival Starting Out&Understanding Ideas 课件(共44张PPT) |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 7.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-06 17:53:00 | ||
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(共44张PPT)
新外研社高中英语选择性必修二Unit6 Survival
Starting Out&Understanding Ideas
Starting out
1) What situation does each picture show
2) What are the difficulties people have to face in each situation
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
People would find it difficult to leave the area to find safety, or to receive supplies such as food, water, medicines and fuel.
Power and communications may have been cut off by the earthquake.
There is a risk of further quakes via an aftershock.
Earthquake
People may face difficulties such as quarantine, shortage of medical resources and panic-shopping of essentials such as medicines, food and other supplies.
There may be misinformation and civic panic as well.
Disease outbreak
People who are unable to escape the ship on a lifeboat face the immediate dangers of drowning or of dying from exposure (受寒).
Those who do escape on a lifeboat need to ration their food and water, and hope for rescue team’s timely arrival.
Shipwreck
People would find it difficult to travel and navigate.
It would also be difficult to find food and water.
Wild animals and poisonous insects are also potential threats.
Jungle
They face danger from extreme temperatures, low pressures and various radiations.
The lack of gravity makes simple actions such as eating, drinking, moving and even sleeping difficult.
Anyone who spends too long in a zero-gravity environment risks losing bone and muscle mass.
Outerspace
Without water, people and livestock face death within a short period of time.
In addition to water shortages, drought causes crop failure, so people would face food shortage as well, which could affect people who do not live in the drought-affected area.
Severe food shortages can cause famine, migration, collapse of social stability and even war.
Drought
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him…
This was no ordinary criminal:
it was a chacma baboon (豚尾狒狒).
Who could be the criminal
Chacma baboon
Height: 1.15 m
Weight: 15-31 kg
Habitat: throughout southern africa
Life span: 15-20 years
Understanding Ideas
Pre-reading
Where are the animals in the picture
In the cities
What does the title “The Wild Within” mean according to the pictures
The wild animals within the cities.
While-reading
Read for main idea
Match the topic sentences to the paragraphs.
One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration.
For those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
Yet, for its newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits.
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
While-reading
Read for main idea
Use one word or two words to summarize each paragraph.
The
Wild
Within
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
Para.2
Para.1
wildlife ____________________ cities
____________ for entering cities
_____________ of living in cities
animals’ _____________ to cities
____________ for some animals
__________ towards urban animals
taking over/entering
reasons
benefits
adaption
problems
attitudes
While-reading
Read details
wildlife taking over/entering cities
reasons
benefits
adaption
problems
attitudes
The
Wild
Within
urban development
climate change
habitat loss
appealing spaces
absence of predators
sufficient food
becoming more intelligent
changing living habits
window impacts
not changing migratory routes
“Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives.”
understanding/appreciating/sharing
the act of one object hitting another撞击
an animal that kills and eats other animals 捕食性动物
While-reading
Para.1
Read between lines
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting the car with its
window left open, the greedy thief didn't
hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached
inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed,
the police were powerless to arrest him.
Writing technique
Function
Personification
To attract the readers' attention
While-reading
Read between lines
Para.4
One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
How to prove
Writing technique
Function
Evidence such as examples, datas, facts, original documents can make your opinion more believable and stronger.
Post-reading
Role play
Act out a dialogue based on the passage. Cover as much information as possible (2 min).
Hey, cousin! What’s up
Well, the life in the country is getting harder…
Post-reading
Think & Share
What are the qualities of successful urban wildlife survivors
Resourceful
Intelligent
Adaptable
resourceful |r s :sfl| (approving) good at finding ways of doing things and solving problems, etc. 机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的
Post-reading
Think & Share
Should we restrict urban development to protect wildlife in cities
adapting
sharing
balance
window impacts
busy traffic
scattered (零散的) habitats
difficulty in mating (交配)
chemical pollution and poison
light and noise pollution
humans’ killing
domestic dogs/cats
…
Post-reading
Think & Share
What problems are faced by urban animals
Post-reading
Summary
Protect wild animals and live in harmony with them.
Make the earth a better place for both animials and humans!
coexistence
Language Points
Language Points
L
Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
【用法详解】
① hesitate to do sth. 对做某事有顾虑
He never hesitated to help people in trouble because he was a kind-hearted man.
他毫不犹豫帮助处在困境中的人，因为他是一个热心肠的人。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries.
如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。
While reading — words and phrases
1. hesitate vi. （对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决；顾虑，疑虑
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
② hesitate over/about sth. 对某事犹豫不决
She hesitated over the choice between the two dresses.
这两条连衣裙究竟选哪一条，她犹豫不决。
He’s still hesitating about whether to take part in the competition.
他对是否去参加那场比赛仍拿不定主意。
【知识拓展】
hesitant adj. 犹豫的，迟疑的
hesitation n. [C, U] 犹豫，迟疑 → without hesitation 毫不犹豫
hesitantly adv. 犹豫地
1. hesitate vi. （对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决；顾虑，疑虑
Language Points
2. commit
No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. (教材P62)
不管他犯下多少罪行，警察都无力逮捕他。
【用法详解】
① vt. 犯（错误或罪行）；自杀
commit a mistake 犯错误
Fresh evidence has recently come to light, which suggests that he didn’t in fact commit any mistakes. 最新的证据表明他实际上没有犯任何错误。
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀
Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is committing suicide slowly.
吸烟不仅损害他人健康，还等于慢性自杀。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
2. commit
② vt. & vi. 使承担义务，作出保证
commit oneself to (doing) sth. 犯错误
I have committed myself to the job for at least the coming year.
我已答应，至少明年要参与这项工作。
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺（做）某事
The President is committed to reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。
【知识拓展】
committed adj. 坚定的，尽心尽力的
commitment n. [C,U] 承诺；[U]投入 → make a commitment to do sth. 承诺做某事
→ carry out one’s commitment 履行某人的承诺
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
3. scene
Once almost unheard of, scenes like this one in Cape Town are now common all over the world. (教材P62) 像开普敦这样的情景曾经几乎是闻所未闻的，现在在世界各地都稀松平常了。
【用法详解】
① n. [C] 场面，情景
The team’s victory produced scenes of joy all over the country.
球队的胜利使举国上下出现了一派欢乐的场面。
② n. [C]（尤指不愉快事件发生的）地点，现场。常用单数形式。
on the scene 在现场，到现场；当场
He was on the scene and saw what happened, which made him the only witness to give an authentic account.
他当时在现场，看到了发生的一切，这使他成了唯一能够提供真实描述的目击证人。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
3. scene
③ n. [C]（电影、戏剧等）场面，片段，镜头
On seeing the funny scene, the audience all burst into laughter.
一看到这逗乐的场面，所有的观众都放声大笑。
④ n. [C] 景象，景色
In spring the scene on the top of the hill is so appealing that it is beyond my word.
在春天，山顶的风景是这样吸引人，以至于我无法言表。
【特别提醒】
当scene后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，从句要用where引导。有类似用法的名词还有case，point，situation，stage，position等。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
4. crash
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometers per hour. (教材P63)
由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，（有的）鸟儿会以每小时50公里的速度撞向窗户。
【用法详解】
① vt. & vi. 碰撞，撞击；（使）猛撞；vi. 使发出巨响
crash (...) into... （使……）撞上……
Another car crashed into mine when I was pulling away from the parking place.
正当我离开停车场时，另一辆车撞上了我的车。
Smoke rose from where the Boeing 737 crashed, just after taking off from the airport.
烟从波音737坠毁的地方升起，该飞机刚刚从机场起飞。
Thunder crashed overhead. 头顶上雷声隆隆。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
4. crash
② vt. & vi. （计算机）崩溃；vi. （价格、业务、股票等）（突然）贬值，倒闭，失败，暴跌
Files can be lost if the computer system suddenly crashes.
要是计算机系统突然崩溃，文件就可能丢失。
The company crashed with debts of $ 50 million. 这家公司由于负债5000万美元而破产了。
③ n. [C] 撞车，碰撞，相撞；[usually sing.]碰撞声，破裂声；崩溃；倒闭，暴跌
He experienced a serious car crash today—his car crashed into another car and let out a loud crash of breaking glass.
今天他经历了一起严重的车祸——他的车撞上了另一辆车并发出了很大的玻璃破裂的声音。
Many investors suffered huge losses in the recent stock market crash.
许多投资者在最近的股票市场暴跌中损失惨重。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
5. impact
Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. (教材P63)
最近的研究估计，仅在美国，每年就有4亿至10亿只鸟死于撞击窗户。
【用法详解】
① n. [C, usually sing. U] 撞击，冲撞，冲击力
The car hit the stone wall with great impact.
汽车猛烈地撞在石墙上。
The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.
这一记猛击把杰克打了个趔趄。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
5. impact
② n. [C, usually sing. U] 巨大影响，强大作用
Reading can have a significant impact on the way we see the world.
阅读能够深度地影响我们看世界的方式。
There has been positive reaction to the suggestion to help the disabled, the impact of which will be lasting for younger ones. 帮助残疾人的建议产生了积极的反响，对年轻一代的影响将是持久的。
③ vt. & vi. （对……）有影响，有作用
impact on/upon sth. 对……造成影响
Such activities mean little unless they impact on people.
除非能对人们造成影响，否则这样的活动意义不大。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
6. amount to （数量上）达到，总计；等于，相当于
Shockingly, these deaths amount to around ten per cent of the total US bird population. (教材P63) 令人震惊的是，该死亡数约占美国鸟类总数的10%左右。
The workers in this village amount to more than five hundred. 这个村子的工人数达到500多人。
Her answer amounted to a complete refusal. 她的答复等于完全拒绝。
【知识拓展】
a large/huge/small amount of 大量/少量的……
large/huge/small amounts of 大量/少量的……
A huge amount of work has been done to improve our living environment.
我们已经做了很多工作来改善我们的生活环境。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
6. amount to （数量上）达到，总计；等于，相当于
【特别注意】
① amounts of/an amount of与不可数名词连用。作主语时，谓语动词的数与amount的数保持一致。
Large amounts of money were spent on building the bridge.
大量的资金用于建造这座桥。
There’s only a small amount of food.
只有一点食物。
② the amount of“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
7. appreciate
However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. (教材P63)
不管动物们如何适应我们的城市生活方式，重要的是，我们要更好地理解甚至重视我们的野生邻居。
【用法详解】
① vt. 欣赏，赏识，重视
You can’t really appreciate foreign literature in translation.
看翻译作品不能让人真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。
Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer.
她的才干没有得到雇主的充分赏识。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
7. appreciate
② vt. 理解，意识到，领会
You can’t appreciate happiness unless you have known sadness too.
除非你也懂得悲伤，否则你就不会理解幸福。
③ vt. 感激，感谢
appreciate (sb./sb’s) doing... 感激（某人）做……
We would appreciate you/your letting us know of any problems. 如有任何问题，请告诉我们。
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
如果你能提前让我知道你是否要来，我将不胜感激。
While reading — words and phrases
While reading — sentences
Language Points
【句式剖析】
Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate.
现在分词短语作状语
with复合结构
主句
1. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
While reading — sentences
1. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
Language Points
【知识讲解】
with复合结构，即“with+宾语＋宾补”结构，在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等，也可作定语。宾语可由名词或代词充当，常见的with复合结构有：
with复合结构
with＋宾语＋
分词
动词不定式：通常用to do形式，表示动作尚未进行
介词短语/形容词/副词：表示宾语所处的状态
现在分词：表示主动或动作正在进行
过去分词：表示被动或动作已完成
While reading — sentences
Language Points
【例句】
The girl felt very safe with her mother standing behind her.
她的妈妈站在她的身后，这个女孩儿感到很安全。（her mother与stand之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）
With all the things she needed bought, she went home.
买了她需要的所有东西后，她回家了。（things与buy之间是逻辑上的动宾关系）
With so many books to read, I have no time to chat with you.
有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你闲聊。（books与read之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义）
Don’t stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。
While reading — sentences
Language Points
With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as an efficient way of reaching target customers. 随着网上购物愈发流行，因特网被视为一种联系目标客户的高效的方式。
She saw a river with red flowers and green grass on both sides.
她看到一条两岸长着红花绿草的河流。
【特别提醒】
在with复合结构中：
①若with的宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，则用过去分词作宾补；
②若with的宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，则用现在分词作宾补；
③若侧重表示将来的动作，则用不定式作宾补，即使with的宾语与不定式中的动词为逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式也通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
新外研社高中英语选择性必修二Unit6 Survival
Starting Out&Understanding Ideas
Starting out
1) What situation does each picture show
2) What are the difficulties people have to face in each situation
G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
People would find it difficult to leave the area to find safety, or to receive supplies such as food, water, medicines and fuel.
Power and communications may have been cut off by the earthquake.
There is a risk of further quakes via an aftershock.
Earthquake
People may face difficulties such as quarantine, shortage of medical resources and panic-shopping of essentials such as medicines, food and other supplies.
There may be misinformation and civic panic as well.
Disease outbreak
People who are unable to escape the ship on a lifeboat face the immediate dangers of drowning or of dying from exposure (受寒).
Those who do escape on a lifeboat need to ration their food and water, and hope for rescue team’s timely arrival.
Shipwreck
People would find it difficult to travel and navigate.
It would also be difficult to find food and water.
Wild animals and poisonous insects are also potential threats.
Jungle
They face danger from extreme temperatures, low pressures and various radiations.
The lack of gravity makes simple actions such as eating, drinking, moving and even sleeping difficult.
Anyone who spends too long in a zero-gravity environment risks losing bone and muscle mass.
Outerspace
Without water, people and livestock face death within a short period of time.
In addition to water shortages, drought causes crop failure, so people would face food shortage as well, which could affect people who do not live in the drought-affected area.
Severe food shortages can cause famine, migration, collapse of social stability and even war.
Drought
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him…
This was no ordinary criminal:
it was a chacma baboon (豚尾狒狒).
Who could be the criminal
Chacma baboon
Height: 1.15 m
Weight: 15-31 kg
Habitat: throughout southern africa
Life span: 15-20 years
Understanding Ideas
Pre-reading
Where are the animals in the picture
In the cities
What does the title “The Wild Within” mean according to the pictures
The wild animals within the cities.
While-reading
Read for main idea
Match the topic sentences to the paragraphs.
One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration.
For those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
Yet, for its newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits.
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
While-reading
Read for main idea
Use one word or two words to summarize each paragraph.
The
Wild
Within
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
Para.2
Para.1
wildlife ____________________ cities
____________ for entering cities
_____________ of living in cities
animals’ _____________ to cities
____________ for some animals
__________ towards urban animals
taking over/entering
reasons
benefits
adaption
problems
attitudes
While-reading
Read details
wildlife taking over/entering cities
reasons
benefits
adaption
problems
attitudes
The
Wild
Within
urban development
climate change
habitat loss
appealing spaces
absence of predators
sufficient food
becoming more intelligent
changing living habits
window impacts
not changing migratory routes
“Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives.”
understanding/appreciating/sharing
the act of one object hitting another撞击
an animal that kills and eats other animals 捕食性动物
While-reading
Para.1
Read between lines
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting the car with its
window left open, the greedy thief didn't
hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached
inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed,
the police were powerless to arrest him.
Writing technique
Function
Personification
To attract the readers' attention
While-reading
Read between lines
Para.4
One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
How to prove
Writing technique
Function
Evidence such as examples, datas, facts, original documents can make your opinion more believable and stronger.
Post-reading
Role play
Act out a dialogue based on the passage. Cover as much information as possible (2 min).
Hey, cousin! What’s up
Well, the life in the country is getting harder…
Post-reading
Think & Share
What are the qualities of successful urban wildlife survivors
Resourceful
Intelligent
Adaptable
resourceful |r s :sfl| (approving) good at finding ways of doing things and solving problems, etc. 机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的
Post-reading
Think & Share
Should we restrict urban development to protect wildlife in cities
adapting
sharing
balance
window impacts
busy traffic
scattered (零散的) habitats
difficulty in mating (交配)
chemical pollution and poison
light and noise pollution
humans’ killing
domestic dogs/cats
…
Post-reading
Think & Share
What problems are faced by urban animals
Post-reading
Summary
Protect wild animals and live in harmony with them.
Make the earth a better place for both animials and humans!
coexistence
Language Points
Language Points
L
Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
【用法详解】
① hesitate to do sth. 对做某事有顾虑
He never hesitated to help people in trouble because he was a kind-hearted man.
他毫不犹豫帮助处在困境中的人，因为他是一个热心肠的人。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any queries.
如果有疑问就请尽管和我联系。
While reading — words and phrases
1. hesitate vi. （对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决；顾虑，疑虑
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
② hesitate over/about sth. 对某事犹豫不决
She hesitated over the choice between the two dresses.
这两条连衣裙究竟选哪一条，她犹豫不决。
He’s still hesitating about whether to take part in the competition.
他对是否去参加那场比赛仍拿不定主意。
【知识拓展】
hesitant adj. 犹豫的，迟疑的
hesitation n. [C, U] 犹豫，迟疑 → without hesitation 毫不犹豫
hesitantly adv. 犹豫地
1. hesitate vi. （对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决；顾虑，疑虑
Language Points
2. commit
No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless to arrest him. (教材P62)
不管他犯下多少罪行，警察都无力逮捕他。
【用法详解】
① vt. 犯（错误或罪行）；自杀
commit a mistake 犯错误
Fresh evidence has recently come to light, which suggests that he didn’t in fact commit any mistakes. 最新的证据表明他实际上没有犯任何错误。
commit a crime 犯罪
commit suicide 自杀
Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is committing suicide slowly.
吸烟不仅损害他人健康，还等于慢性自杀。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
2. commit
② vt. & vi. 使承担义务，作出保证
commit oneself to (doing) sth. 犯错误
I have committed myself to the job for at least the coming year.
我已答应，至少明年要参与这项工作。
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺（做）某事
The President is committed to reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。
【知识拓展】
committed adj. 坚定的，尽心尽力的
commitment n. [C,U] 承诺；[U]投入 → make a commitment to do sth. 承诺做某事
→ carry out one’s commitment 履行某人的承诺
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
3. scene
Once almost unheard of, scenes like this one in Cape Town are now common all over the world. (教材P62) 像开普敦这样的情景曾经几乎是闻所未闻的，现在在世界各地都稀松平常了。
【用法详解】
① n. [C] 场面，情景
The team’s victory produced scenes of joy all over the country.
球队的胜利使举国上下出现了一派欢乐的场面。
② n. [C]（尤指不愉快事件发生的）地点，现场。常用单数形式。
on the scene 在现场，到现场；当场
He was on the scene and saw what happened, which made him the only witness to give an authentic account.
他当时在现场，看到了发生的一切，这使他成了唯一能够提供真实描述的目击证人。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
3. scene
③ n. [C]（电影、戏剧等）场面，片段，镜头
On seeing the funny scene, the audience all burst into laughter.
一看到这逗乐的场面，所有的观众都放声大笑。
④ n. [C] 景象，景色
In spring the scene on the top of the hill is so appealing that it is beyond my word.
在春天，山顶的风景是这样吸引人，以至于我无法言表。
【特别提醒】
当scene后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，从句要用where引导。有类似用法的名词还有case，point，situation，stage，position等。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
4. crash
Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometers per hour. (教材P63)
由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，（有的）鸟儿会以每小时50公里的速度撞向窗户。
【用法详解】
① vt. & vi. 碰撞，撞击；（使）猛撞；vi. 使发出巨响
crash (...) into... （使……）撞上……
Another car crashed into mine when I was pulling away from the parking place.
正当我离开停车场时，另一辆车撞上了我的车。
Smoke rose from where the Boeing 737 crashed, just after taking off from the airport.
烟从波音737坠毁的地方升起，该飞机刚刚从机场起飞。
Thunder crashed overhead. 头顶上雷声隆隆。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
4. crash
② vt. & vi. （计算机）崩溃；vi. （价格、业务、股票等）（突然）贬值，倒闭，失败，暴跌
Files can be lost if the computer system suddenly crashes.
要是计算机系统突然崩溃，文件就可能丢失。
The company crashed with debts of $ 50 million. 这家公司由于负债5000万美元而破产了。
③ n. [C] 撞车，碰撞，相撞；[usually sing.]碰撞声，破裂声；崩溃；倒闭，暴跌
He experienced a serious car crash today—his car crashed into another car and let out a loud crash of breaking glass.
今天他经历了一起严重的车祸——他的车撞上了另一辆车并发出了很大的玻璃破裂的声音。
Many investors suffered huge losses in the recent stock market crash.
许多投资者在最近的股票市场暴跌中损失惨重。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
5. impact
Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. (教材P63)
最近的研究估计，仅在美国，每年就有4亿至10亿只鸟死于撞击窗户。
【用法详解】
① n. [C, usually sing. U] 撞击，冲撞，冲击力
The car hit the stone wall with great impact.
汽车猛烈地撞在石墙上。
The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.
这一记猛击把杰克打了个趔趄。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
5. impact
② n. [C, usually sing. U] 巨大影响，强大作用
Reading can have a significant impact on the way we see the world.
阅读能够深度地影响我们看世界的方式。
There has been positive reaction to the suggestion to help the disabled, the impact of which will be lasting for younger ones. 帮助残疾人的建议产生了积极的反响，对年轻一代的影响将是持久的。
③ vt. & vi. （对……）有影响，有作用
impact on/upon sth. 对……造成影响
Such activities mean little unless they impact on people.
除非能对人们造成影响，否则这样的活动意义不大。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
6. amount to （数量上）达到，总计；等于，相当于
Shockingly, these deaths amount to around ten per cent of the total US bird population. (教材P63) 令人震惊的是，该死亡数约占美国鸟类总数的10%左右。
The workers in this village amount to more than five hundred. 这个村子的工人数达到500多人。
Her answer amounted to a complete refusal. 她的答复等于完全拒绝。
【知识拓展】
a large/huge/small amount of 大量/少量的……
large/huge/small amounts of 大量/少量的……
A huge amount of work has been done to improve our living environment.
我们已经做了很多工作来改善我们的生活环境。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
6. amount to （数量上）达到，总计；等于，相当于
【特别注意】
① amounts of/an amount of与不可数名词连用。作主语时，谓语动词的数与amount的数保持一致。
Large amounts of money were spent on building the bridge.
大量的资金用于建造这座桥。
There’s only a small amount of food.
只有一点食物。
② the amount of“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
7. appreciate
However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. (教材P63)
不管动物们如何适应我们的城市生活方式，重要的是，我们要更好地理解甚至重视我们的野生邻居。
【用法详解】
① vt. 欣赏，赏识，重视
You can’t really appreciate foreign literature in translation.
看翻译作品不能让人真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。
Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer.
她的才干没有得到雇主的充分赏识。
While reading — words and phrases
Language Points
7. appreciate
② vt. 理解，意识到，领会
You can’t appreciate happiness unless you have known sadness too.
除非你也懂得悲伤，否则你就不会理解幸福。
③ vt. 感激，感谢
appreciate (sb./sb’s) doing... 感激（某人）做……
We would appreciate you/your letting us know of any problems. 如有任何问题，请告诉我们。
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
如果你能提前让我知道你是否要来，我将不胜感激。
While reading — words and phrases
While reading — sentences
Language Points
【句式剖析】
Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate.
现在分词短语作状语
with复合结构
主句
1. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
While reading — sentences
1. Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. (教材P62)
贪婪的小偷看到汽车车窗开着，毫不犹豫就行动了。
Language Points
【知识讲解】
with复合结构，即“with+宾语＋宾补”结构，在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等，也可作定语。宾语可由名词或代词充当，常见的with复合结构有：
with复合结构
with＋宾语＋
分词
动词不定式：通常用to do形式，表示动作尚未进行
介词短语/形容词/副词：表示宾语所处的状态
现在分词：表示主动或动作正在进行
过去分词：表示被动或动作已完成
While reading — sentences
Language Points
【例句】
The girl felt very safe with her mother standing behind her.
她的妈妈站在她的身后，这个女孩儿感到很安全。（her mother与stand之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）
With all the things she needed bought, she went home.
买了她需要的所有东西后，她回家了。（things与buy之间是逻辑上的动宾关系）
With so many books to read, I have no time to chat with you.
有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你闲聊。（books与read之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义）
Don’t stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。
While reading — sentences
Language Points
With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as an efficient way of reaching target customers. 随着网上购物愈发流行，因特网被视为一种联系目标客户的高效的方式。
She saw a river with red flowers and green grass on both sides.
她看到一条两岸长着红花绿草的河流。
【特别提醒】
在with复合结构中：
①若with的宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，则用过去分词作宾补；
②若with的宾语与构成宾补的动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，则用现在分词作宾补；
③若侧重表示将来的动作，则用不定式作宾补，即使with的宾语与不定式中的动词为逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式也通常用主动形式表示被动意义。