高考英语阅读指导-利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 高考英语阅读指导-利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 841.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-07 08:10:11 | ||
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英语高考阅读指导-利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五
命题人常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。出题者正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。
一．知命题
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 设空位置 命题专家谈高考
段首 段中 段尾
2022 新高考卷Ⅰ 说明文 如何寻找健身伙伴 0 4 1 1.体裁以说明文为主， 间或考查记叙文或议论文。主要围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题。2．倾向于不带标题或段落小标题， 但文章大都结构清晰。3．设空位置以段中为主， 从功能上来说主要考查：(1)主旨概括句(文章整体内容)(2)过渡性句子(文章结构)(3)注释性句子(上下文逻辑关系)
新高考II 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0
全国乙卷 说明文 五种维系异地友谊的方法 3 1 1
全国甲卷 说明文 外出就餐注意事项 1 3 1
2021 新高考卷Ⅰ 记叙文 我和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活 1 4 0
新高考II 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 1 2 2
全国乙卷 说明文 如何在宴会上让自己变得有趣 2 2 1
全国甲卷 说明文 服装交换派对 1 4 0
2020 新高考卷Ⅰ 说明文 好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则 1 3 1
全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 几个自我接纳的小技巧 1 3 1
全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 表情符号以及在工作交流时所带来的优势 1 4 0
全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取和名称的由来 2 2 1
二．明策略
1．略读文章抓大意
七选五文章多为说明文，其文章多为“总—分”或“总—分—总”结构，即先介绍主旨大意，再分层叙述，或最后对文章加以总结。因此，以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。
2．先看选项初判断
跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。
3．重点阅读上下句
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而进行大胆预测。
4．两种方法缩范围
在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其划掉外，通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，这样心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2～4个选项，选对的几率大大提高。
5．代入原文再推敲
最后将已确定的答案代入原文通读一遍，检查篇章结构是否合理，段落中句子间的语意和逻辑是否通顺连贯，如有问题，应及时修正答案。
技法1 段首设空题
20(2021·全国乙·片段)
According to Jessica Hagy，author of How to Be Interesting，it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
36 ，if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
36．答案 B
解析 此空考查段首句，利用前瞻后顾找启示法解答此题。根据空后的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time”可知，空处内容应与走出舒适区或者第一次去别人家里的做法有关，再结合下文的“just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers”可知，露面、敢于冒险、尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。B项“第一步是去探索”是对这些做法的总结，符合语境。
技法2 段中设空题
段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。
解此类试题时首先应确定所缺的句子是过渡句还是细节句，对于这两类句子，我们将采用不同的方法来解题。
(2021·全国甲·片段)
Swap，Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？ 36 .It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
36．答案 B
解析 此处考查细节句。空前一句提出问题：那么，怎么处理那些堆在卧室地板上的非常好但你可能有点讨厌的衣服呢？而下一句则说“这是处理你的旧衣服的最佳方法……”。因此，空白处是解决问题的方法，选项B“Hold a clothing swap(进行衣物交换)”与此内容相符。
技法3 段尾设空题
(2021·浙江6月·片段)
You’ve got mail...and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes，a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer，loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum.Or Africa’s Victoria Falls.Or China’s Great Wall. 31
“I often send postcards to family and friends，” he says to China Daily...
A．And that’s totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5，the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly，if you speak only Chinese，receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short，he loves postcards，and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
31．答案 G
解析 此处考查总结句。根据上文可知，Paulo喜欢打开邮筒，收到一张色彩鲜艳的罗马斗兽场的图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片，由此可知，G项“总而言之，他喜欢明信片，以及收到远方某人手写的便条时的那种兴奋感”符合语境。G项中的“loves” “postcards”分别与上文中的“loves”及下文中的“postcards”相对应，而且G项中含有总结性词语in short。
三．对点练
精做高考真题
Passage 1、（2022·北京·高考真题）
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____1____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
____2____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____3____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____4____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____5____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
Passage 2、（2022·全国·高考乙卷）
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___6___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___7___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___8___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___9___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___10___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
Passage 3、（2021·全国新高考II卷）
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____11____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____12____
____13____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____14____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____15____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
Passage 4、（2021·浙江高考真题）
You’ve got mail…and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. ___16___
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. ___17___” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch(直觉)paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___18___Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. ___19___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken.
“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___20___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,” Paulo says.
Passage 5、（2020·山东高考真题）
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___21___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___22___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___23___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___24___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___25___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
挑战名校考题
Passage 1、（2022·广西·北海市北海中学第一次模拟考试）
A pile of homework can seem frightening, but it can be done if you make a plan. Here are some tips to help you.
Create a checklist of the tasks you have. Before diving in, make a list of all the things you need to do for your homework.____1____ The satisfaction of checking things off will keep you happy to continue.
Solve the hardest homework first. Your first thought might be to put off the most difficult homework. If you get the hard stuff out of the way when you’re most alert, however,it will be easier to get through the rest of the pile. ____2____
Ask for help if you get stuck. If you come to a part of your homework that you don’t know how to do, ask a family member to help you. ____3____ With a little help, you can quickly move on to the next thing.
Make a homework schedule. ____4____ If you set a schedule, then you’ll be prepared and know exactly what to do. This will also keep you from feeling guilty about putting homework off.
____5____ If everyone in your group is serious about getting homework done, this can be great. You can help each other out with assignments, and quiz each other to prepare for exams.
Passage 2、（2023届山东青岛西海岸、平度、胶州、城阳4区高三联考试卷）
I’m sure we all know by now that exercise is great for you. ___6___ So, in this post, I am going to share my top four reasons for working out.
Firstly, exercise can completely change your mood! When you work out, your body produces endorphins, which will give you a rush of happiness. ___7___ Next time you’re having a bad day, try going for a fast-paced run, and the day won’t seem so bad after all.
Secondly, exercising is sociable. Whenever I move to a new city to study or work, I look for exercise classes to do. ___8___ Usually, you all share a collective feeling of euphoria when the class finishes!
Thirdly, exercise makes you feel confident. We all know the physical effects of exercise on our bodies but we don’t always talk about the mental effects. Exercise might give you a feeling of confidence from being comfortable with your body and appearance. ___9___
Finally, it helps to relieve stress. Focusing on lifting weights or going for a run can help you forget the problems and stress of daily life, studies or work. During exams, I always spend an hour a day in the gym. It makes me feel less anxious and it also helps me to sleep well.
___10___ It might not be easy but it’s a great feeling doing something you couldn’t do before and knowing it’s a result of your hard work.
Passage 3、（2022-2023河南安阳·高三期统一测试）
As a student, you have a lot of freedom when it comes to how you spend your time. But with that freedom comes the responsibility to make the most of your studying hours. Here are some tips to help you do just that.
Create a schedule
This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible. Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离) from your plan.____11____
Break up your study sessions into smaller periods
Our brain can only focus effectively for so long before we start losing concentration.____12____chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn. Instead, break up your study sessions into shorter periods of time, with breaks in between to help you relax and recharge.
·Find a study place that works for you
___13___. Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better. There is no right or wrong answer here-it's all about finding a place to study. that allows you to work as efficiently as possible.
·Take practice quizzes
This will not only help you check your understanding of the concepts but also identify any area that may need more review.____14____,it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall.
____15____
If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you’d like,seek assistance in time. There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance. In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need early on.
Passage 4、（2022-2023学年度四川绵阳第一次模拟考试）
How to Learn a Language as an Adult
If you dream of learning a foreign language, your age does not disqualify you. Make the process more fun - and by extension, more successful-with these tips.
Find your motivation.
Wish you had paid more attention in high school Spanish classes _____16_____Perhaps all you wanted out of the class was a good grade, or to fulfill a graduation requirement. Linguists(语言学家)call these “extrinsic(外在的)motivators，”but the most successful language students are “intrinsically motivated, sincerely devoted to their own learning._____17_____,whether on a grand vacation in Spain or on your couch watching Spanish soap operas.
Pick your tools.
___18___, but you’ll figure out which resources work best for you. Mobile apps such as Duolingo and Babbel gamify your learning, so if you could easily spend hours playing on your phone, you’ll likely find these similarly addictive. And don’t forget books. McGraw Hill and Barron’s offer excellent textbooks with answer keys to let you see how you’re doing.
_19_
Immerse (沉浸) yourself in your chosen language as much as you can. Watch movies or listen to songs, even if they are just on in the background. Periodically look around you and see how many things you can name in the language you’re studying. Or, better yet, label items around your home with those words. You’ll have no choice but to see them and, in very little time, learn them.
Get social.
Practicing with other people helps solidify what you’ve already learned and make you more aware of which ideas you’re able to express._____20_____,though various websites and apps such as language , Hello Talk, and Talk Abroad can connect you with some, either free or for a small fee.
Passage 5、（江西赣州十六县市二十校2023届高三联考试题）
If you just want to come up with a fun idea that will generate enthusiasm for your community group, we have five worthy suggestions.
●____21____
Getting all your neighbors together for an afternoon or an evening on weekends can help you develop more than a nodding acquaintance with them. This is a bit simple, but things like picking a location, sending out invitations and arranging for food follow pretty organically once you start setting up strategy.
●Hold a hobby show
____22____, from face painting to woodcarving, and most are willing to share their works. From conducting a cooking contest in the public kitchen to putting on a dance show, there are hundreds of ways that you can make your neighbors show their hobbies.
●Host a nature walk
Hosting a nature walk around a neighborhood park is a good way to educate the community about green practices and conservation.____23____. In this activity neighbors actively join in the identification of the trees, birds, insects, and other wildlife you share space with.
●Hold a pumpkin painting contest
In fall, pumpkin carving is a big contest. This year, instead of slicing those orange globes into scary shapes, hold a kid-focused pumpkin decorating day.____24____. For the grownups, prepare a couple of face painting booths and let a professional to help.
●Have a treasure hunt
A treasure hunt gets people thinking creatively and actively engaged in the hunt. We really love this idea because it can be an indoor or outdoor activity, so it’s a year-round option. All you need is some gifts, a hiding place and mysterious clues. You just place a flag where the treasure should be.____25____.
Passage 6、（2022-2023学年度安徽十大名校高三联考）
A new government report has some bad news about sea levels on the U.S. coastline. ____26____ The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and six other agencies created the report.
“The sea level rise is upon us,” said Nicole LeBoeuf, director of NOAA’s National Ocean service. ____27____ “That’s because the United States coasts are home to a lot of economic activity and 40 percent of the U.S. population,” LeBoeuf explained.
____28____ “The greatest rise in the U.S. will be on the Gulf of Mexico and East Coast. The West Coast and Hawaii will be below the average,” said William Sweet, who is the report’s lead writer. The report predicts 0.6 meters of sea level rise in St. Petersburg, Florida. But the study predicts just 0.36 meters in Los Angeles, California.
Cities, such as Annapolis, Maryland, and Miami Beach, Florida, already experience a few minor floods every year during high tides, but those will be replaced by several “moderate (中等的)” floods a year by about 2050. “Higher sea levels mean more floods,” Sweet said, “____29____ And many of our major metropolitan (大都市的) areas on the East Coast are going to be increasingly at risk.”
Climate change is the major cause of the sea level rise. ____30____ To avoid the potential consequences of the sea level rise, great efforts should be made to reduce the negative effects of climate change.
Passage 7、（2023届湖北省鄂东南教育改革联盟学校高三联考试题）
Fake news spreads faster and more easily today through the internet, social media and instant messaging. ____31____, which can harm the public health and add to social disorder and division.
Some fake news also contains a mixture of correct information, which makes it difficult to spot what is true and accurate. ____32____. They might not have read the full story before sharing or just glanced over it. Before you decide to share, make sure to read stories properly and follow some checks to determine the accuracy.
If the story appears to claim a much higher level of certainty in its advice and arguments than other stories, this is questionable. ____33____. So, it is only natural to more readily accept information that provides comfort or easy solutions – unfortunately, often in a false way.
____34____, it is worth double-checking. Fake news will try to grab your attention by being more exaggerated than real stories. Anything written entirely in capital letters or containing a lot of exclamation marks should raise your suspicions.
The best sources for authentic information are your government websites. However, even government messaging can get things wrong. ____35____. For instance, The Conversation is a more trusted source because all content is written by academics who are experts in their fields. Websites such as APFactCheck and Full Fact highlight common fake news stories. A search engine can be used to look up the title of the article to see if it has been identified as fake news by the mainstream media.
Passage 8、（2022·河南·偃师市缑第四中学高三第一次摸底考试）
For today’s managers, good communication plays an essential role in their success in the workplace and in their personal life. Leaders who know how to communicate effectively with those around them will see. better productivity and improved relationships in every aspect of their lives. Let’s explore some benefits of effective communication.
It helps prevent and resolve problems.
___36___ Moreover, it can prevent potential ones from arising. The key is to remain calm, make sure all parties are heard and find a solution that is ideal for everyone involved.
___37___
With effective communication skills, you’re able to deliver clear expectations and objectives for your team.
This involves finding constructive ways to point out when something isn’t working as well as providing helpful feedback(反馈) to get people back on track,which will help get rid of conflicts and confusion.
It creates better relationships.
Good communication can also improve relationships, both with employees and in your personal life with your friends and family members. Listening carefully and offering quality feedback helps people to feel heard and understood. ___38___It improves productivity.
When team members understand their roles, the roles of others and your expectations, they can focus more on_their work and less on workplace issues. ___39___ These benefits contribute to greater productivity for you and your team.
It promotes team building.
With improved communication, team members will be better able to rely on each other. ___40___ This improved division of labor will encourage positive feelings and relationships between the team members, which leads to improved morale(士气) and work experiences.
Passage 9、（2022--2023学年度浙江金华市十校11月份模拟考试）
I know that facing uncertainty at work can be stressful, particularly in the current economic climate. While I don’t know the particulars of your situation, I can provide some general advice to help reduce the chance of being laid off.
Start by demonstrating your skills and value to your company. ___41___ Meanwhile, show your talents on high-priority assignments. Provide regular progress updates on the financial impact directly related to your work. And share your accomplishments with your directors. ___42___
Next, take steps to make sure you are seen as vital to your clients. Often employers consider the impact layoffs will have on customer relations. ___43___ However, it may leave a lasting impression on management and colleagues who may be very helpful in your future career.
___44___ To prepare for a layoff, take practical steps, such as updating your resume (简历) and LinkedIn profile to highlight any promotions, new skills, projects, and educational achievements. Make use of your network on LinkedIn and other virtual platforms to connect with people in your field.
Financial preparations are also strongly advised. Review your budget and cut it where you can. ___45___ Make sure you know the requirements for unemployment in your state as well as the anticipated benefit amount so that you can work that into any budget plans. And if possible, consider applying for new opportunities.
Passage 10、（2022--2023学年度福建龙岩市级校联盟（九校）高三联考）
How to Improve Your Communication Skills
If you feel like you lack the basic skills required for good communication, there are a number of reliable ways to improve. Here are a few tips:
____46____Effective communicators are always good listeners. Active listening means engaging with what people say by giving positive replies and asking follow-up questions to show that you are paying attention.
Focus on nonverbal communication. Mastering nonverbal signals can help prevent miscommunication and signal interest to those around you.____47____Your nonverbal signals affect the first impression you make on someone. Maintaining eye contact, limiting hand gestures, and having good posture go a long way when meeting someone for the first time.
Manage your own emotions. For clear communication and your own personal well-being, it’s important to manage your emotions and express them appropriately in context.____48____
Practice public speaking.____49____However, there’s no better way to develop good communication skills than by seeking out public speaking opportunities. Great communicators are able to clearly express their feelings, whether they’re speaking to a large group or talking face-to-face to one other person. Regularly speaking in front of a group will help you find your strengths and weaknesses and force you to develop great communication habits.
Ask for feedback. There’s no shame in asking for honest feedback on your communication skills from people around you.____50____
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
A．Stop to have a rest now and then.
B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C．This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G．Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
A．And that’s totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
A．Do the opposite.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E．The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G．However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
A．Establish a study group.
B．Take a break now and then.
C．That way, you won’t get discouraged.
D．As you complete each task, cross it off your list.
E．Try to do your homework at the same time each day.
F．Write down all the reasons why you really need to do your homework.
G．Make a plan to finish your work bit by bit, saving the easiest tasks for last.
A．What kinds of exercise do you usually take
B．You will feel better after a workout than you did before it.
C．But most exercise classes are too expensive for ordinary people.
D．This new confidence might even help in your social or work life.
E．So, next time you’re feeling down, put your trainers on and get sweating.
F．But sometimes finding that motivation to work out can be a little difficult.
G．You meet like-minded people there, and you can support each other during a difficult workout.
A．Learn to accept failure
B．Don’t be afraid to ask for help
C．So if you try to study for several hours once
D．Make sure that every minute you spend studying counts
E．However, try not to go off-track too often or for too long
F．Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time
G．And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on
A．Dive in
B．Just do it
C．Consider why you didn’t
D．It might take some trial and error
E．You might as well practice on your own
F．So pick a language you are excited to use
G．They need not to be native speakers you chat with
A．Throw a community party
B．Everyone has a personal interest
C．Turn to neighbors in your community
D．It also helps identify some regional creatures
E．The carving contest is more suitable for grownups
F．The winner can use it to claim his prize and get the glory
G．Kids can become pumpkin reinvention masters with adults’ help
A．She warned that the cost would be high.
B．But climate change can be slowed down.
C．Sea levels rise more in some places than others.
D．Some cities won’t be affected by the sea level rise.
E．Areas that haven’t been flooding are starting to flood.
F．People today are greatly concerned about this problem.
G．It says they’re expected to rise by at least 0.25 meters in the next 30 years.
A．If a story is more surprising
B．If a message presses you to share
C．Fake news may also be shared by trusted friends and family
D．People will be seeking certainty in a time of high uncertainty
E．But they are more trustworthy than unchecked sources on social media
F．Think twice about the messages and help guide your family and friends
G．These messages may contain useless, incorrect information and advice
A．It helps build trust.
B．It provides clarity and direction.
C．This, in turn, shows respect to each other.
D．Effective communication contributes to resolving conflicts.
E．As people feel listened to and understood, you have good leadership skills.
F．Employees can better manage their workload and distractions are minimized.
G．You will not have one team member feel as though they have to carry the entire group.
A．It will allow you to increase your savings.
B．They may not be aware of all that you’ve done.
C．A layoff may come as a shock to any employer.
D．While you plan for the best, prepare for the worst.
E．Of course, these steps may not always prevent a layoff.
F．One of the best ways to do that is by growing your skills.
G．This may mean volunteering for tasks that others don’t want to do.
A．Practice active listening.
B．Develop communication skills.
C．Public speaking may sound frightening.
D．Know what’s appropriate to express when speaking publicly.
E．Turn to them for advice on improving your communication skills.
F．Showing strong emotions can lead to poor communication and conflict.
G．Pay attention to your facial expressions and body language when speaking with someone.
命题人常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。出题者正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。
一．知命题
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 设空位置 命题专家谈高考
段首 段中 段尾
2022 新高考卷Ⅰ 说明文 如何寻找健身伙伴 0 4 1 1.体裁以说明文为主， 间或考查记叙文或议论文。主要围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题。2．倾向于不带标题或段落小标题， 但文章大都结构清晰。3．设空位置以段中为主， 从功能上来说主要考查：(1)主旨概括句(文章整体内容)(2)过渡性句子(文章结构)(3)注释性句子(上下文逻辑关系)
新高考II 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0
全国乙卷 说明文 五种维系异地友谊的方法 3 1 1
全国甲卷 说明文 外出就餐注意事项 1 3 1
2021 新高考卷Ⅰ 记叙文 我和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活 1 4 0
新高考II 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 1 2 2
全国乙卷 说明文 如何在宴会上让自己变得有趣 2 2 1
全国甲卷 说明文 服装交换派对 1 4 0
2020 新高考卷Ⅰ 说明文 好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则 1 3 1
全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 几个自我接纳的小技巧 1 3 1
全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 表情符号以及在工作交流时所带来的优势 1 4 0
全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取和名称的由来 2 2 1
二．明策略
1．略读文章抓大意
七选五文章多为说明文，其文章多为“总—分”或“总—分—总”结构，即先介绍主旨大意，再分层叙述，或最后对文章加以总结。因此，以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。
2．先看选项初判断
跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。
3．重点阅读上下句
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而进行大胆预测。
4．两种方法缩范围
在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其划掉外，通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，这样心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2～4个选项，选对的几率大大提高。
5．代入原文再推敲
最后将已确定的答案代入原文通读一遍，检查篇章结构是否合理，段落中句子间的语意和逻辑是否通顺连贯，如有问题，应及时修正答案。
技法1 段首设空题
20(2021·全国乙·片段)
According to Jessica Hagy，author of How to Be Interesting，it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
36 ，if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D．Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
36．答案 B
解析 此空考查段首句，利用前瞻后顾找启示法解答此题。根据空后的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time”可知，空处内容应与走出舒适区或者第一次去别人家里的做法有关，再结合下文的“just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers”可知，露面、敢于冒险、尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。B项“第一步是去探索”是对这些做法的总结，符合语境。
技法2 段中设空题
段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。
解此类试题时首先应确定所缺的句子是过渡句还是细节句，对于这两类句子，我们将采用不同的方法来解题。
(2021·全国甲·片段)
Swap，Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？ 36 .It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
36．答案 B
解析 此处考查细节句。空前一句提出问题：那么，怎么处理那些堆在卧室地板上的非常好但你可能有点讨厌的衣服呢？而下一句则说“这是处理你的旧衣服的最佳方法……”。因此，空白处是解决问题的方法，选项B“Hold a clothing swap(进行衣物交换)”与此内容相符。
技法3 段尾设空题
(2021·浙江6月·片段)
You’ve got mail...and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes，a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer，loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum.Or Africa’s Victoria Falls.Or China’s Great Wall. 31
“I often send postcards to family and friends，” he says to China Daily...
A．And that’s totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5，the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly，if you speak only Chinese，receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short，he loves postcards，and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
31．答案 G
解析 此处考查总结句。根据上文可知，Paulo喜欢打开邮筒，收到一张色彩鲜艳的罗马斗兽场的图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片，由此可知，G项“总而言之，他喜欢明信片，以及收到远方某人手写的便条时的那种兴奋感”符合语境。G项中的“loves” “postcards”分别与上文中的“loves”及下文中的“postcards”相对应，而且G项中含有总结性词语in short。
三．对点练
精做高考真题
Passage 1、（2022·北京·高考真题）
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____1____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
____2____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____3____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____4____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____5____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
Passage 2、（2022·全国·高考乙卷）
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___6___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___7___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___8___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___9___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___10___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
Passage 3、（2021·全国新高考II卷）
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____11____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____12____
____13____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____14____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____15____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
Passage 4、（2021·浙江高考真题）
You’ve got mail…and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. ___16___
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. ___17___” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch(直觉)paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___18___Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it. ___19___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken.
“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___20___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,” Paulo says.
Passage 5、（2020·山东高考真题）
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___21___Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___22___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___23___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___24___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___25___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
挑战名校考题
Passage 1、（2022·广西·北海市北海中学第一次模拟考试）
A pile of homework can seem frightening, but it can be done if you make a plan. Here are some tips to help you.
Create a checklist of the tasks you have. Before diving in, make a list of all the things you need to do for your homework.____1____ The satisfaction of checking things off will keep you happy to continue.
Solve the hardest homework first. Your first thought might be to put off the most difficult homework. If you get the hard stuff out of the way when you’re most alert, however,it will be easier to get through the rest of the pile. ____2____
Ask for help if you get stuck. If you come to a part of your homework that you don’t know how to do, ask a family member to help you. ____3____ With a little help, you can quickly move on to the next thing.
Make a homework schedule. ____4____ If you set a schedule, then you’ll be prepared and know exactly what to do. This will also keep you from feeling guilty about putting homework off.
____5____ If everyone in your group is serious about getting homework done, this can be great. You can help each other out with assignments, and quiz each other to prepare for exams.
Passage 2、（2023届山东青岛西海岸、平度、胶州、城阳4区高三联考试卷）
I’m sure we all know by now that exercise is great for you. ___6___ So, in this post, I am going to share my top four reasons for working out.
Firstly, exercise can completely change your mood! When you work out, your body produces endorphins, which will give you a rush of happiness. ___7___ Next time you’re having a bad day, try going for a fast-paced run, and the day won’t seem so bad after all.
Secondly, exercising is sociable. Whenever I move to a new city to study or work, I look for exercise classes to do. ___8___ Usually, you all share a collective feeling of euphoria when the class finishes!
Thirdly, exercise makes you feel confident. We all know the physical effects of exercise on our bodies but we don’t always talk about the mental effects. Exercise might give you a feeling of confidence from being comfortable with your body and appearance. ___9___
Finally, it helps to relieve stress. Focusing on lifting weights or going for a run can help you forget the problems and stress of daily life, studies or work. During exams, I always spend an hour a day in the gym. It makes me feel less anxious and it also helps me to sleep well.
___10___ It might not be easy but it’s a great feeling doing something you couldn’t do before and knowing it’s a result of your hard work.
Passage 3、（2022-2023河南安阳·高三期统一测试）
As a student, you have a lot of freedom when it comes to how you spend your time. But with that freedom comes the responsibility to make the most of your studying hours. Here are some tips to help you do just that.
Create a schedule
This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible. Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离) from your plan.____11____
Break up your study sessions into smaller periods
Our brain can only focus effectively for so long before we start losing concentration.____12____chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn. Instead, break up your study sessions into shorter periods of time, with breaks in between to help you relax and recharge.
·Find a study place that works for you
___13___. Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better. There is no right or wrong answer here-it's all about finding a place to study. that allows you to work as efficiently as possible.
·Take practice quizzes
This will not only help you check your understanding of the concepts but also identify any area that may need more review.____14____,it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall.
____15____
If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you’d like,seek assistance in time. There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance. In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need early on.
Passage 4、（2022-2023学年度四川绵阳第一次模拟考试）
How to Learn a Language as an Adult
If you dream of learning a foreign language, your age does not disqualify you. Make the process more fun - and by extension, more successful-with these tips.
Find your motivation.
Wish you had paid more attention in high school Spanish classes _____16_____Perhaps all you wanted out of the class was a good grade, or to fulfill a graduation requirement. Linguists(语言学家)call these “extrinsic(外在的)motivators，”but the most successful language students are “intrinsically motivated, sincerely devoted to their own learning._____17_____,whether on a grand vacation in Spain or on your couch watching Spanish soap operas.
Pick your tools.
___18___, but you’ll figure out which resources work best for you. Mobile apps such as Duolingo and Babbel gamify your learning, so if you could easily spend hours playing on your phone, you’ll likely find these similarly addictive. And don’t forget books. McGraw Hill and Barron’s offer excellent textbooks with answer keys to let you see how you’re doing.
_19_
Immerse (沉浸) yourself in your chosen language as much as you can. Watch movies or listen to songs, even if they are just on in the background. Periodically look around you and see how many things you can name in the language you’re studying. Or, better yet, label items around your home with those words. You’ll have no choice but to see them and, in very little time, learn them.
Get social.
Practicing with other people helps solidify what you’ve already learned and make you more aware of which ideas you’re able to express._____20_____,though various websites and apps such as language , Hello Talk, and Talk Abroad can connect you with some, either free or for a small fee.
Passage 5、（江西赣州十六县市二十校2023届高三联考试题）
If you just want to come up with a fun idea that will generate enthusiasm for your community group, we have five worthy suggestions.
●____21____
Getting all your neighbors together for an afternoon or an evening on weekends can help you develop more than a nodding acquaintance with them. This is a bit simple, but things like picking a location, sending out invitations and arranging for food follow pretty organically once you start setting up strategy.
●Hold a hobby show
____22____, from face painting to woodcarving, and most are willing to share their works. From conducting a cooking contest in the public kitchen to putting on a dance show, there are hundreds of ways that you can make your neighbors show their hobbies.
●Host a nature walk
Hosting a nature walk around a neighborhood park is a good way to educate the community about green practices and conservation.____23____. In this activity neighbors actively join in the identification of the trees, birds, insects, and other wildlife you share space with.
●Hold a pumpkin painting contest
In fall, pumpkin carving is a big contest. This year, instead of slicing those orange globes into scary shapes, hold a kid-focused pumpkin decorating day.____24____. For the grownups, prepare a couple of face painting booths and let a professional to help.
●Have a treasure hunt
A treasure hunt gets people thinking creatively and actively engaged in the hunt. We really love this idea because it can be an indoor or outdoor activity, so it’s a year-round option. All you need is some gifts, a hiding place and mysterious clues. You just place a flag where the treasure should be.____25____.
Passage 6、（2022-2023学年度安徽十大名校高三联考）
A new government report has some bad news about sea levels on the U.S. coastline. ____26____ The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and six other agencies created the report.
“The sea level rise is upon us,” said Nicole LeBoeuf, director of NOAA’s National Ocean service. ____27____ “That’s because the United States coasts are home to a lot of economic activity and 40 percent of the U.S. population,” LeBoeuf explained.
____28____ “The greatest rise in the U.S. will be on the Gulf of Mexico and East Coast. The West Coast and Hawaii will be below the average,” said William Sweet, who is the report’s lead writer. The report predicts 0.6 meters of sea level rise in St. Petersburg, Florida. But the study predicts just 0.36 meters in Los Angeles, California.
Cities, such as Annapolis, Maryland, and Miami Beach, Florida, already experience a few minor floods every year during high tides, but those will be replaced by several “moderate (中等的)” floods a year by about 2050. “Higher sea levels mean more floods,” Sweet said, “____29____ And many of our major metropolitan (大都市的) areas on the East Coast are going to be increasingly at risk.”
Climate change is the major cause of the sea level rise. ____30____ To avoid the potential consequences of the sea level rise, great efforts should be made to reduce the negative effects of climate change.
Passage 7、（2023届湖北省鄂东南教育改革联盟学校高三联考试题）
Fake news spreads faster and more easily today through the internet, social media and instant messaging. ____31____, which can harm the public health and add to social disorder and division.
Some fake news also contains a mixture of correct information, which makes it difficult to spot what is true and accurate. ____32____. They might not have read the full story before sharing or just glanced over it. Before you decide to share, make sure to read stories properly and follow some checks to determine the accuracy.
If the story appears to claim a much higher level of certainty in its advice and arguments than other stories, this is questionable. ____33____. So, it is only natural to more readily accept information that provides comfort or easy solutions – unfortunately, often in a false way.
____34____, it is worth double-checking. Fake news will try to grab your attention by being more exaggerated than real stories. Anything written entirely in capital letters or containing a lot of exclamation marks should raise your suspicions.
The best sources for authentic information are your government websites. However, even government messaging can get things wrong. ____35____. For instance, The Conversation is a more trusted source because all content is written by academics who are experts in their fields. Websites such as APFactCheck and Full Fact highlight common fake news stories. A search engine can be used to look up the title of the article to see if it has been identified as fake news by the mainstream media.
Passage 8、（2022·河南·偃师市缑第四中学高三第一次摸底考试）
For today’s managers, good communication plays an essential role in their success in the workplace and in their personal life. Leaders who know how to communicate effectively with those around them will see. better productivity and improved relationships in every aspect of their lives. Let’s explore some benefits of effective communication.
It helps prevent and resolve problems.
___36___ Moreover, it can prevent potential ones from arising. The key is to remain calm, make sure all parties are heard and find a solution that is ideal for everyone involved.
___37___
With effective communication skills, you’re able to deliver clear expectations and objectives for your team.
This involves finding constructive ways to point out when something isn’t working as well as providing helpful feedback(反馈) to get people back on track,which will help get rid of conflicts and confusion.
It creates better relationships.
Good communication can also improve relationships, both with employees and in your personal life with your friends and family members. Listening carefully and offering quality feedback helps people to feel heard and understood. ___38___It improves productivity.
When team members understand their roles, the roles of others and your expectations, they can focus more on_their work and less on workplace issues. ___39___ These benefits contribute to greater productivity for you and your team.
It promotes team building.
With improved communication, team members will be better able to rely on each other. ___40___ This improved division of labor will encourage positive feelings and relationships between the team members, which leads to improved morale(士气) and work experiences.
Passage 9、（2022--2023学年度浙江金华市十校11月份模拟考试）
I know that facing uncertainty at work can be stressful, particularly in the current economic climate. While I don’t know the particulars of your situation, I can provide some general advice to help reduce the chance of being laid off.
Start by demonstrating your skills and value to your company. ___41___ Meanwhile, show your talents on high-priority assignments. Provide regular progress updates on the financial impact directly related to your work. And share your accomplishments with your directors. ___42___
Next, take steps to make sure you are seen as vital to your clients. Often employers consider the impact layoffs will have on customer relations. ___43___ However, it may leave a lasting impression on management and colleagues who may be very helpful in your future career.
___44___ To prepare for a layoff, take practical steps, such as updating your resume (简历) and LinkedIn profile to highlight any promotions, new skills, projects, and educational achievements. Make use of your network on LinkedIn and other virtual platforms to connect with people in your field.
Financial preparations are also strongly advised. Review your budget and cut it where you can. ___45___ Make sure you know the requirements for unemployment in your state as well as the anticipated benefit amount so that you can work that into any budget plans. And if possible, consider applying for new opportunities.
Passage 10、（2022--2023学年度福建龙岩市级校联盟（九校）高三联考）
How to Improve Your Communication Skills
If you feel like you lack the basic skills required for good communication, there are a number of reliable ways to improve. Here are a few tips:
____46____Effective communicators are always good listeners. Active listening means engaging with what people say by giving positive replies and asking follow-up questions to show that you are paying attention.
Focus on nonverbal communication. Mastering nonverbal signals can help prevent miscommunication and signal interest to those around you.____47____Your nonverbal signals affect the first impression you make on someone. Maintaining eye contact, limiting hand gestures, and having good posture go a long way when meeting someone for the first time.
Manage your own emotions. For clear communication and your own personal well-being, it’s important to manage your emotions and express them appropriately in context.____48____
Practice public speaking.____49____However, there’s no better way to develop good communication skills than by seeking out public speaking opportunities. Great communicators are able to clearly express their feelings, whether they’re speaking to a large group or talking face-to-face to one other person. Regularly speaking in front of a group will help you find your strengths and weaknesses and force you to develop great communication habits.
Ask for feedback. There’s no shame in asking for honest feedback on your communication skills from people around you.____50____
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
A．Stop to have a rest now and then.
B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C．This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G．Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
A．And that’s totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
A．Do the opposite.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E．The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G．However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
A．Establish a study group.
B．Take a break now and then.
C．That way, you won’t get discouraged.
D．As you complete each task, cross it off your list.
E．Try to do your homework at the same time each day.
F．Write down all the reasons why you really need to do your homework.
G．Make a plan to finish your work bit by bit, saving the easiest tasks for last.
A．What kinds of exercise do you usually take
B．You will feel better after a workout than you did before it.
C．But most exercise classes are too expensive for ordinary people.
D．This new confidence might even help in your social or work life.
E．So, next time you’re feeling down, put your trainers on and get sweating.
F．But sometimes finding that motivation to work out can be a little difficult.
G．You meet like-minded people there, and you can support each other during a difficult workout.
A．Learn to accept failure
B．Don’t be afraid to ask for help
C．So if you try to study for several hours once
D．Make sure that every minute you spend studying counts
E．However, try not to go off-track too often or for too long
F．Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time
G．And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on
A．Dive in
B．Just do it
C．Consider why you didn’t
D．It might take some trial and error
E．You might as well practice on your own
F．So pick a language you are excited to use
G．They need not to be native speakers you chat with
A．Throw a community party
B．Everyone has a personal interest
C．Turn to neighbors in your community
D．It also helps identify some regional creatures
E．The carving contest is more suitable for grownups
F．The winner can use it to claim his prize and get the glory
G．Kids can become pumpkin reinvention masters with adults’ help
A．She warned that the cost would be high.
B．But climate change can be slowed down.
C．Sea levels rise more in some places than others.
D．Some cities won’t be affected by the sea level rise.
E．Areas that haven’t been flooding are starting to flood.
F．People today are greatly concerned about this problem.
G．It says they’re expected to rise by at least 0.25 meters in the next 30 years.
A．If a story is more surprising
B．If a message presses you to share
C．Fake news may also be shared by trusted friends and family
D．People will be seeking certainty in a time of high uncertainty
E．But they are more trustworthy than unchecked sources on social media
F．Think twice about the messages and help guide your family and friends
G．These messages may contain useless, incorrect information and advice
A．It helps build trust.
B．It provides clarity and direction.
C．This, in turn, shows respect to each other.
D．Effective communication contributes to resolving conflicts.
E．As people feel listened to and understood, you have good leadership skills.
F．Employees can better manage their workload and distractions are minimized.
G．You will not have one team member feel as though they have to carry the entire group.
A．It will allow you to increase your savings.
B．They may not be aware of all that you’ve done.
C．A layoff may come as a shock to any employer.
D．While you plan for the best, prepare for the worst.
E．Of course, these steps may not always prevent a layoff.
F．One of the best ways to do that is by growing your skills.
G．This may mean volunteering for tasks that others don’t want to do.
A．Practice active listening.
B．Develop communication skills.
C．Public speaking may sound frightening.
D．Know what’s appropriate to express when speaking publicly.
E．Turn to them for advice on improving your communication skills.
F．Showing strong emotions can lead to poor communication and conflict.
G．Pay attention to your facial expressions and body language when speaking with someone.