Unit 4 Earthquakes
SectionⅠ Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据下列句子所提供的汉语提示或所给单词的首字母，写出各单词正确的完全形式(每空限写一词)。
1．The dam b________under the weight of water.
2．This flood will be the________(祸根)of the harvest.
3．This would cause great hardship and s________.
4．I hope I didn't i________her feelings.
5．The heavy rain d________all hope of a picnic.
6．You get an electric s________if you touch a live wire.
7．The life boat was sent out to r________the sailors from the sinking ship.
8．They were t________in the burning hotel.
9．Her head was b________in the book she was reading.
10．We________(遮蔽；庇护)under a tree until the shower passed.
答案：
1．burst 译文：那水坝在水的压力下决口了。
2．ruin 译文：这场洪水将是没有收成的祸根。
3．suffering 译文：这将造成极大的艰难困苦。
4．injure 译文：我希望我没有伤害她的感情。
5．destroyed 译文：大雨打破了野餐的一切希望。
6．shock 译文：如果触动电线你会触电的。
7．rescue 译文：救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。
8．trapped 译文：他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。
9．buried 译文：她在埋头读书。
10．sheltered 译文：我们在树下躲雨， 直到雨过天晴。
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It________(shock)me to see how my neighbours treated their children.
2．They were________(trap)in the burning hotel.
3．Two players are out of the team because of________(injure)．
4．We shouldn't waste________(electrical)in our daily life.
5．Death finally brought an end to his________(suffer)．
6．This tie is________(dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's.
7．In India there is a________(nation)festival on October 20 to honour Mahandas Gandhi.
8．I think it is dangerous to be a________(mine)．
答案：1.shocked 2.trapped 3.injury 4.electricity
5．suffering 6.dirty 7.national 8.miner
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．—We need an immediate reply.
—I see. I'll send the paper to you________.
A．just now B．sooner or later
C．right away D．for a while
答案：C right away “立刻；马上”与上文“immediate reply”相一致。
2．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________rising steadily since 1997.
A．is B．are
C．has been D．have been
答案：C 本题考查主谓一致和时态。主语是 the number故谓语动词用单数，又因为时间状语是since 1997，并且动作未停止，所以用现在完成进行时态。
3．He was so________thought that he didn't see the pole on the road.
A．buried in B．careful with
C．busy with D．serious about
答案：A 句意：他太专心于思考了，结果没有看到公路上的柱子。be buried in“埋头于；专心于”。
4．He was________in the car accident.
A．wounded B．injured
C．hurt D．damaged
答案：B
5．Hearing the old man's report, the officer________from his seat and said something must be done to________people's living standards.
A．raised; rise B．rose; raise
C．raised; raise D．rose; rise
答案：B rise为不及物动词；raise是及物动词。
6．Three-fourths of the homework________.
A．has finished B．has been finished
C．have finished D．have been finished
答案：B 分数作主语，谓语单复数由of后面的名词决定。
7．As soon as she saw her boyfriend, she________crying.
A．burst into B．broke out
C．burst out D．broke in
答案：C break out“爆发”，为不及物动词词组；break in“闯入”；burst into＋名词；burst out＋动名词。
8．The houses across the street are________， but they were in good condition a few years ago.
A．in rows B．in ruins
C．in number D．in detail
答案：B in rows“成行；成排”；in ruins“成为废墟；破败不堪”；in number“总共”；in detail“详细地”。只有B项符合句意。
9．(2013·辽宁，23)The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it's nothing serious.
A．harm B．injury
C．ruin D．damage
答案：D 考查名词的辨析。句意：这次事故对我的车造成了一些损害，但是不严重。cause damage to ...对……造成损害。故D项为正确答案。harm指对……有害处；injury指受伤；ruin毁坏；都不合题意。
10．—All the students haven't finished their homework.
—________， because some students watched the final football match until far into the night.
A．Yes B．No
C．You are wrong D．Impossible
答案：B all与not连用构成部分否定，答语中No的意思是“对，是的”。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I'll never forget May 12 , 2008. We were having classes at Beichuan Middle School, Sichuan Province, when a huge__1__hit the area.
At about 2：28 p．m., our__2__， Mr Wang, was teaching us singing on the fourth floor of the Teaching Building. __3__we felt the building shaking violently. It was an earthquake! Our building starting to__4__. It was too late to rush out to the__5__. We were told to hide under the desks.__6__later, the whole building fell down. We were__7__and couldn't move a little at all. No one could really imagine at that split second, how much pain we had__8__or how desperate(绝望)we felt as we waited to be__9__. I heard Mr Wang calling our names again and again...
Hours later, some people came to rescue and__10__of us were saved luckily.
Later, I__11__this huge earthquake scaled 8.0 magnitude. It hit several provinces including Sichuan, Gansu and Shanxi. So far it has__12__more than 80,000 and injured 360,000. My hometown—Beichuan was__13__the worst-hit areas. Our school, which was__14__filled with vigor(活力)and laughter, was a dead valley.
World after such a__15__could appear nothing but empty and pointless. So many people's lives were taken away, so much __16__was done and the whole city was__17__. Beichuan has become a history.
Now, some of my classmates and I were__18__to study in a middle school in Jiangsu Province. I still__19__dreaming and still strive for a better future: to make our homes beautiful yet__20__.
May victims rest in peace. May survivors live to be stronger.
文章大意：5·12大地震已经远去，让我们借此日记重新走进那一个悲惨的日子。
1．A.rain B．earthquake
C．snow D．rock
答案：B 由3空后的“It was an earthquake！”可知，是“地震”。
2．A.classmate B．parent
C．friend D．teacher
答案：D 由该空后的“was teaching us singing”可知，是我们“老师”。
3．A.Finally B．Luckily
C．Suddenly D．Actually
答案：C 我们正在学歌“突然”感到大楼在剧烈地摇晃。suddenly“突然地”。
4．A.fall B．stand
C．run D．walk
答案：A 我们的大楼要“倒塌”。fall“跌倒”。6空有fell down提示。
5．A.home B．desks
C．classroom D．outdoors
答案：D 冲到“外面”去已经来不及了。outdoors“在户外，在露天，往户外”。
6．A.Minutes B．Weeks
C．Hours D．Days
答案：A 由常识知，“几分钟后”我们的大楼倒塌了。
7．A.trapped B．stayed
C．played D．packed
答案：A 我们被“困”住了，动弹不得。be trapped“被困住”。
8．A.lived B．suffered
C．enjoyed D．escaped
答案：B 没有人能想像在我们等待“救援”的那一刻我们“遭受”了怎样的痛苦，我们是多么的绝望。suffer“遭受，经历”。
9．A.ignored B．recovered
C．rescued D．remembered
答案：C rescue“救援”；ignore“忽视，不理睬”；recover“恢复，康复”；remember“记忆”。
10．A.all B．some
C．none D．each
答案：B 由常识知，“一些人”被救了出来。
11．A.found out B．added up
C．came up D．set down
答案：A 后来我“查明”这次地震的震级是里氏八级。find out“找出，发现，查明”；add up“加起来”；come up“出现”；set down“记下”。
12．A.devoted B．helped
C．killed D．concerned
答案：C 这次地震使八万多人失去了生命。kill“杀死”。
13．A.outside B．with
C．between D．among
答案：D 我的家乡北川是受灾最厉害的地区之一。among“在……之中，在……中间”。
14．A.now B．once
C．then D．never
答案：B 我们学校“原先曾经”充满活力和笑声，现在成了死亡之地。once“曾经”。
15．A.attitude B．trouble
C．disaster D．experience
答案：C “灾难”过后，世界好像空洞洞的没有意义。disaster“灾难”；attitude“态度”；trouble“困难”；experience“经历”。
16．A.life B．damage
C．hurt D．item
答案：B 很多人的生命被剥夺了，造成了巨大的“伤害”，整座城市成为了“废墟”。do damage“造成伤害”。
17．A.in ruins B．dug out
C．as usual D．set up
答案：A in ruins“成为废墟”；dig out“发掘到，发现，找出”；as usual“照例，像往常一样”； set up“建立，创立”。
18．A.judged B．persuaded
C．joined D．organized
答案：D 我们一些同学被“组织”到了江苏省的一所中学学习。organize“组织，安排”。
19．A.keep on B．give in
C．care about D．go through
答案：A 我“不停地”梦想有个美好的未来。keep on“继续不断，保持”；give in“屈服，让步”；care about“关心，惦念”；go through“经历，经受”。
20．A.peaceful B．safe
C．grateful D．active
答案：B 把我们的家乡建设得美丽“安全”。safe“安全的”，与此次发生了地震不安全对应。peaceful“和平的，安静的”；grateful“感激的，感恩的”；active“积极的”。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
After a serious earthquake happened, a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to his son's school, only to find that the building where his son studied had collapsed and looked like a pancake(煎饼)．
He was shocked. He didn't know what he should do for a while, then he remembered the words he had said to his son，“No matter what, I'll always be there for you！” And tears began to fill his eyes. He started digging through the ruins.
As he was digging, other helpless parents and the firemen arrived and tried to pull him off the ruins, saying，“It's too late! They're all dead! There's nothing you can do！”To them he replied with one line，“Are you going to help me now？”And then he kept on digging.
No one helped, however. He went on alone because he needed to know for himself，“Is my boy alive or is he dead？” He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in the 39th hour, he pulled back a rock and heard his son's words. He shouted his son's name，“ARMAND！”He heard back, “Dad！？！ It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you'd save me and when you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, ‘No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！’You did it, Dad！”
“What's going on in there? How is it？”the father asked.
“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad. We're frightened, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building fell down, it made a triangle, and it saved us.”
“Come out, boy！”
“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me！”
文章大意：本文描述了一次地震后父亲坚持从废墟中救出儿子的感人故事，因为他对儿子说过，无论发生什么，他都会与儿子在一起，儿子坚信这一点，所以他们战胜了这次灾难。
1．The underlined word“collapsed”probably means______.
A．倒塌 B．摇晃
C．耸立 D．颠簸
答案：A 由第一段中地震后楼房像煎饼可断定collapsed应为“倒塌”之意，故选A。
2．Who came to help the father when he was digging?
A．His wife. B．Other parents.
C．The firemen. D．No one.
答案：D 由第四段的第一句“No one helped, however.”可知，当他挖掘时，没有人帮助他，故选D。
3．Other parents and the firemen wanted to pull him off the ruins because they thought________.
A．he was mad
B．all the children had died in the earthquake
C．he was too dangerous to others
D．it was not his job to dig
答案：B 由第三段中的“It's too late! They're all dead! There's nothing you can do！”可知，当时其他父母和消防队员想把他从废墟中拖走是因为他们认为所有的孩子都在地震中丧生了，故选B。
4．How many students were still alive when the father found them in the ruins?
A．Fourteen. B．Thirty-three.
C．Forty-seven. D．Nineteen.
答案：A 由第六段的第一句“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad.”可知，当时仍有14个孩子活着，故选A。
5．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．it took the father one day to find his son and other students
B．his wife died in the earthquake
C．his son was the last one to come out of the ruins
D．the son didn't believe his father would come to save him
答案：C 由第四段可知他花了39个小时才找到儿子和其他孩子，所以A项不正确；由第一段的第一句可知，他妻子很安全，没有死，故B项不正确；由第四段的最后几句可知儿子非常确信父亲将会来救他，故D项不正确；由最后一段的第一句“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me！”可知，儿子是最后一个从废墟里出来的，故选C。
Unit 4 Earthquakes
SectionⅡ Learning about Language
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空
1．The building________wall is white is my uncle's house.
2．I know the boy________you are looking for.
3．Will you please lend me the very book________you bought yesterday?
4．The student________the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.
5．The season________comes after spring is summer.
6．This is the museum________we visited last Saturday.
7．Is this museum________you visited last Saturday?
8．I found some photos of interesting places________were not far away from our city.
9．The boy with________John spoke is my brother.
10．The girl________leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.
答案：1.whose 2.who/that/whom 3.that 4.who/whom/that 5.which/that 6.that/which 7.the one 8.which/that 9.whom 10.whose
Ⅱ.下列复合句中均含有一个定语从句，但有一处错误，请予改正。
1．Tom's mother kept telling him stories he was interested in them.
________________________________________________________________________
2．Tom's mother kept telling him stories and which he was interested in.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Do you know the professor he often gives us lectures?
________________________________________________________________________
4．Did you see the professor his name is Chen Jia?
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.应去掉句末的them 2.去掉and或去掉which，在in后加them 3.he改为who 4.his改为whose
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．There is an old man ________ at the school gate.
A．who wants to see you B．whom wants to see you
C．which wants to see you D．he wants to see you
答案：A 考查定语从句。先行词为人且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who作引导词。
2．Mr. John said that Suzhou was the first city ________ he had visited in China.
A．that B．where
C．which D．what
答案：A 考查关系代词。city与visit之间是动宾关系。因为有序数词the first修饰city，故选A。
3．This is one of the best films ________ this year.
A．that have been shown
B．that has been shown
C．that have shown
D．that you talked
答案：A 句意：这是今年放映的最佳影片之一。films为先行词，且被放映。A项合乎要求，B项has与films不一致，C项语态错误，D项talk为不及物动词，不能跟宾语，故选A。
4．He talked a lot about things and persons ________ he remembered in the school.
A．which B．that
C．whom D．what
答案：B 句意：他谈到了他所记起的学校的许多人和事。先行词为things and persons，只能用that，故选B。
5．(2014·福州高一检测)The careless driver knocked down the old man ________ was crossing the road.
A．who B．whom
C．whose D．which
答案：A 考查定语从句。句意：粗心的司机撞倒了正在过马路的老人。先行词是the old man，关系代词who在定语从句中作主语，故选A。
6．(2014·长春高一检测)The visitors saw rows of houses the roofs ________ are red.
A．where B．that
C．what D．of which
答案：D 考查定语从句。句意：游客看见一排排屋顶是红色的房子。先行词是rows of houses，the roofs of which＝whose roofs指“……的屋顶”，“the＋名词＋of which”＝“whose＋名词”，故选D。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey—rats will soon be man's new best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat's brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat's brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linter at Cornell University—New York says, “Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be wonderful. A rat could get into spaces we couldn't get to and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building(but only after an earthquake, of course)．
文章大意：地震过后的搜救工作往往会遇到很多问题，幸存者在哪儿？怎样判断残垣断壁下是否还有生命的存在？我们知道有生命探测仪，有搜救犬，你听说过搜救鼠吗？令人厌恶的老鼠在探测生命迹象的时候却具有更多的优势，本文意在介绍搜救鼠独特的优势。
1．In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man's best friends because they can ________.
A．take the place of man's rescue jobs
B．find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings
C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings
D．get into small spaces
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.”可知，地震救援中，让老鼠钻入狭小空间中去探测幸存者的位置。
2．From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person is alive by ________.
A．the noise made by the rat
B．the rat's unusual behavior
C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat's back
D．the smell given off by the person
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段第四句中：“This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat's brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.”可知。
3．In doing rescue jobs, ________.
A．rats smell better than dogs
B．dogs don't need to be trained to smell people
C．robots' sense of smell can be affected by other smells around
D．rats can see in the dark and smaller than robots
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“...Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.”可知，当周围有别的气味的时候，机器人的嗅觉就失效了。
4．Rats have all the following advantages(优点) EXCEPT that ________.
A．they are more wonderful than other animals
B．they are less expensive to train than dogs
C．they don't need electricity
D．they are small and can get into small places
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句：“But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.”可知D项为其优点，不符合题意。根据第四段最后一句“They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity！”可知B、C两项为其优点，不符合题意。文章最后一段提到将老鼠用于救援这个想法太奇妙了，并不是说老鼠比其他动物奇妙，故A项符合题意。
5．According to the passage, the “rat project” means to ________.
A．use the dog to save lives after an earthquake
B．use the rat to save lives after an earthquake
C．use the rat to feel the coming earthquake
D．use the robot to save lives after an earthquake
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第五段内容便知B项为正确选项。
B
(2014·山西省康杰中学月考)
Perfect Disaster
All around us buildings shook. We decided to leave the town. We stopped once we had left the buildings behind us. The carts were moving in opposite directions, though the ground was perfectly flat, and they wouldn't stay in place even with their wheels blocked by stones.
In addition, it seemed as though the sea was being sucked(吸) backwards, as if it were being pushed back by the shaking of the land. Certainly the shoreline moved outwards, and many sea animals were left on dry sand.
Behind us were frightening dark clouds that opened up to show fire-like lightning, but bigger. Not long after that the clouds reached down to the ground and covered the sea. Now came the dust, though still thin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, following us like a flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not like a moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room. You could hear women and children crying, men shouting. Some were calling for parents, others for children; they could only recognize them by their voices.
Darkness and ashes came again, a great weight of them. We stood up and shook the ash off again and again; otherwise we would have been covered with it and crushed by the weight.At last the cloud became thinner and thinner until it was no more than smoke or fog. Soon there was real daylight. The sight that met our still terrified eyes was a changed world, buried in ash like snow.
―from Pliny's letter to a friend
文章大意：文章是Pliny写给朋友的信，介绍地震后地动山摇，天昏地暗的情景，和人们惊慌失措的样子。
6．Pliny left the town after ________.
A．the eruption
B．the sky became dark
C．the buildings began shaking
D．the sea went back
答案：C 细节题。从文章第一段的句子：“All around us buildings shook. We decided to leave the town.”可知Pliny离开城镇是在房屋开始摇晃以后，选C。
7．The carts wouldn't stay still because ________.
A．the earth was shaking
B．the sea sucked them backwards
C．the wheels had stones under them
D．the lightening frightened the horses
答案：A 推理题。文章在说明“The carts were... flat. and they wouldn't stay in place...by stones.”之前已有交代，说明是大地抖动，这正是说明了产生此种结果的原因。选A。
8．The reason why it was dark is that ________.
A．it was very late at night
B．clouds of ash covered the sun
C．there was a very bad storm
D．there was no moon that night
答案：B 细节题。根据第三段的第三个句子：“Now came the dust, though still thin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, following us like a flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not like a moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room.”可知天黑是因为灰尘掩盖了太阳，选B。
9．People tried to find their relations by calling out their names and ________.
A．listening to their voices
B．running about looking for them
C．shaking the ash off people
D．watching people as they ran past
答案：A 细节题。根据第三段最后一句可以推断出。“You could hear women and children crying, men shouting. Some were calling for parents, others for children; they could only recognize them by their voices.”人们想通过叫他们的名字和听他们的声音找到他们的亲戚。
Unit 4 Earthquakes
SectionⅢ Using Language
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．There was a pleased ________(express)on her face.
2．She got very ________(frighten) when a plane flew over her head.
3．I ________(sincere) hope I can get your reply soon.
4．Let's get together to ________(congratulation) you on your passing the driving test.
5．________ (judge) from his appearance, he is not from a rich family.
6．He was run down by a ________(cycle) and was injured badly.
7．Smoking can do ________(damage) to your health.
8．You shouldn't spend so much time on many ________(use) things.
答案：1.expression 2.frightened 3.sincerely 4.congratulate 5.Judging 6.cyclist 7.damage 8.useless
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．从他说的话来看，他是一个明智的人。(judge)
________ ________what he said，he is a wise man.
2．图书馆里的许多书不见了。(number)
________ ________ ________ ________books are missing from the library.
3．我对她的美满婚姻送上了最热烈的祝贺。(congratulations)
I ________ ________ my warmest ________ on her happy marriage.
4．在我的演讲中，我真诚地向观众表达了我的感激之情。(express)
I ________ ________ my appreciation to my audience in my speech.
5．我非常害怕我会被解雇。(frighten)
I________ ________ ________death that I would be dismissed.
答案：1.Judging from 2.A great number of 3.offered her；congratulations 4.sincerely expressed 5.was frightened to
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．—Guo Jingjing is a great woman.
—________. She has done so much for the diving of our country.
A．Good idea B．Congratulations
C．I think so D．That's all right
答案：C 考查交际用语。句意：——郭晶晶是个了不起的女性。——我也这么认为，她为我们国家的跳水事业做了那么多。Good idea.“好主意”；Congratulations.“祝贺你”；I think so.“我也这么想”；That's all right.“没关系”。
2．(2014·包头高一检测)________ the plan, ________America will become the world's biggest oil producer by round 2020.
A．Judging from; the B．Judging; an
C．Judging from; 不填 D．Judging; the
答案：C 考查固定搭配。句意：根据该计划判断，到2020年前后，美国将成为世界上最大的石油生产国。judging from“根据……判断”，固定搭配，专有名词前不加冠词，故选C。
知识拓展
独立成分作状语
英语中有些分词或不定式作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，不随句子主语的变化而变化，称作独立成分。常见的有：
generally speaking 一般而言
honestly speaking 老实说
judging from/by...由……来判断
talking of 谈到，谈起
to tell you the truth 说实话
①Honestly speaking, he is not fit for the job.
老实说，他不适合这份工作。
②Generally speaking, our English has yet to be improved.
总体而言，我们的英语都有待提高。
③Talking of (Speaking of) his novels, you have not read his works yet.
谈到他的小说，你也没有看过他的作品。
④To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mum.
说实话，我喜欢与你妈妈一起散步。
3．Wenchuan Earthquake Museum was built to ________ those who died in the disaster.
A．congratulate B．celebrate
C．honour D．praise
答案：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汶川地震纪念馆的建成是为了纪念那些在地震中死去的人们。congratulate“祝贺”；celebrate“庆祝”；praise“赞颂”，都不符合语境。honour“纪念，尊重”。
4．I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel ________ I heard the steps.
A．while B．when
C．since D．after
答案：B 考查连词辨析。had just done...when...“刚刚做完……这时……”，be doing...when...“正在……这时……”。句意：我刚刚走出浴室正忙着用毛巾擦干，这时我听到了脚步声。
5．From her ________， I know that she is angry with me.
A．expression B．feeling
C．sight D．appearance
答案：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从她的表情中，我看出她在生我的气。feeling“感情”；sight“视力，景象”；appearance“外表，露面”；expression“表情”，符合句意，故选A。
6．(2014·长春高一检测)The three sisters decide to hold a family party to ________ their parents' silver wedding.
A．welcome B．congratulate
C．memorize D．celebrate
答案：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：姐妹三个决定举行一个家庭宴会来庆祝她们父母的银婚。silver wedding是纪念日，应该用celebrate“庆祝”。welcome“欢迎”；congratulate“祝贺”；memorize“记住，纪念(回忆的往事)”。故选D。
7．The news of the mayor's coming to our school for a visit was________on the radio yesterday.
A．turned out B．found out
C．given out D．carried out
答案：C 句意：市长来我们学校参观的消息昨天在广播电台中播放了。give out表示“公布，宣布，播放”。
8．What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has________？
A．given out B．put out
C．held up D．used up
答案：A 句意：当地球上所有的石油用完后，我们将使用什么样的能源？give out 表示“用光，耗尽”。hold up 表示“延迟，阻碍，使停滞；支持住，承受住，支撑得住”；例如：The building of the new road has been held up by the bad weather. 因气候恶劣延迟了修筑新路。put out表示“熄灭(灯或火)”；例如：Put out that light.把那灯关了。put sth. out表示“熄灭，扑灭”；例如：Please put out the light before you go to bed. 上床之前请把灯关掉。use up“用完，用光”后面需跟宾语。
9．People communicate with spoken language and they also________their feelings using unspoken language.
A．express B．send
C．touch D．declare
答案：A 句意：人们用口语交流，也用非口语表达自己的感情。express“表达”；send“送，寄，发射”；touch“触摸，接触”；declare“宣布”，只有A项符合。
10．The boy showed me his new toy. I can see that he was very________it.
A．tired of B．pride in
C．care of D．proud of
答案：D 考查短语意义。句意：这个男孩向我展示他的新玩具。我能看出他以这个玩具为荣。(be)proud of “以……为荣”；A项不符合语境；B、C两项动词搭配不当。
11．—I was worried about math, but Mr Brown gave me an A!
—________That's a difficult course.
A．Wish you the very best of luck.
B．You bet!
C．Congratulations!
D．You do?
答案：C 句意：——我担心数学成绩，但布朗先生把我评定为A级！——恭喜！那可是一门很难的科目。congratulations表示“(用以向人祝贺)祝贺；恭喜”。
12．(2014·湖北省重点中学高一联合调研)I________hope that I can have the opportunity to meet the famous scientist on biochemistry again in Shanghai.
A．frequently B．sincerely
C．selflessly D．regularly
答案：B 句意：我真诚地希望在上海再次见到那位著名的生化科学家。sincerely“真诚地，真挚地”；frequently“频繁地”；selflessly“无私地”；regularly“定期地，规则地”。
13．I feel highly________to have a chance to speak at the meeting.
A．believed B．trusted
C．honoured D．hurried
答案：C 句意：有机会在大会上发言，我感到十分荣幸。feel honoured to do sth.“对……感到荣幸”。believe“相信”；trust“信任”；honour“荣幸”；hurry“匆忙”，只有C项符合。
14．(2013·山东，31)There is no simple answer，________ is often the case in science.
A．as B．that
C．when D．where
答案：A 本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：没有简单的答案，这在科学方面是常有的事。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，故排除B项；此处缺少主语，故排除C、D两项。“as is often the case”可以看成是固定表达，意为“这是常有的事”。
15．______from his accent, he must be________America.
A．Judged; from B．To judge; of
C．Judging; from D．Judging; of
答案：C 句意：从他的口音判断，他一定来自美国。“从……判断”用judging from/by，“来自”用be from或come from，只有C项符合两个空，故C项正确。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Earthquakes are__1__， and thousands of them happen each day. But most are too weak to feel. During a__2__earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth__3__terribly and many houses__4__down. Railway tracks break and trains go__5__lines; a great many factories are__6__； thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes...__7__the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake__8__， other disasters such as fires often__9__. More buildings are destroyed and more__10__are caused.
It is well known of the__11__of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2,000 years ago，__12__， a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng__13__a machine which could find out from which__14__the seismic waves had come, and this machine is still__15__by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and__16__they happen, but we still cannot__17__exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot__18__it from happening. So earthquakes are among the__19__disasters in the world.
No one can stop natural earthquakes.__20__， scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying the whole cities and causing too many deaths.
1．A.common B．unusual
C．strange D．familiar
答案：A common“普通的；平常的”；unusual“异乎寻常的；不平常的”；strange“奇怪的；陌生的”；familiar“熟悉的”。
2．A.real B．weak
C．big D．small
答案：C 由后面的内容often a great noise和terribly可知这里是说在“大地震中”。
3．A.moves B．shakes
C．jumps D．breaks
答案：B 在地震中大地会“摇动”。
4．A.get B．put
C．set D．fall
答案：D 房屋在地震中“倒塌”。get down“吞下；记下；使沮丧”；put down“放下；写下”；set down“记下”；fall down“倒下；跌倒”。
5．A.off B．on
C．into D．behind
答案：A off意为“脱离”，这里指火车“脱离轨道”。
6．A.burst B．struck
C．destroyed D．buried
答案：C 在地震中许多工厂被毁坏了。其他选项不符合句意。
7．A.Except B．Besides
C．Instead of D．Because of
答案：B besides“除……之外(包括)”，符合题意。except“除……之外(排除)”；instead of “取代；代替”；because of “因为；由于”。后三个选项都与句意不相符。
8．A.lonely B．later
C．themselves D．itself
答案：D 这些严重的毁坏和伤亡是由地震“本身”引起的。
9．A.follow B．copy
C．come D．enter
答案：A follow作“跟随”解，指火灾等自然灾害也随着地震的发生而发生。copy“模仿；复制”；come“来；到来”；enter“进入”，均与句意不相符。
10．A.quakes B．deaths
C．difficulties D．results
答案：B 更多的建筑物遭到破坏，也就有更多的“死亡”情况发生。
11．A.information B．questions
C．dangers D．frights
答案：C 地震的“危险”是人所共知的。
12．A.as a result B．in fact
C．for example D．as well
答案：C for example“例如”；as a result“结果”；in fact“事实上”；as well“也”。a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng是举例说明科学家对地震进行的研究。
13．A.invented B．discovered
C．found D．bought
答案：A 张衡“发明”了地动仪。
14．A.country B．direction
C．way D．city
答案：B 那时候地动仪能够测量出地震发生在哪个“方向”，而不是哪个“国家”；“道路”或“城市”。
15．A.improved B．repaired
C．protected D．used
答案：D 这种仪器至今仍被科学家所“使用”，而不是“改进”；“修理”；“保护”。
16．A.where B．when
C．what D．why
答案：D 今天我们更加了解地震发生的原因，即为什么会发生地震。由17空后“when and where”可知，此处不选A项和B项。
17．A.speak B．tell
C．talk D．point
答案：B tell表示“判断；辨别”，即我们还不能准确判断何时何地将会发生地震。
18．A.make B．prepare
C．stop D．let
答案：C stop...from doing意为“阻止……”，即我们也不能阻止地震的发生。
19．A.worst B．best
C．most D．fast
答案：A 地震是世界上“最严重的”灾难之一。
20．A.However B．But
C．And D．So
答案：A however作副词，表示“转折”，与后面的句子用逗号隔开。but连词，后直接跟句子。虽然没有人能阻止地震的发生，但科学家却可以帮助人们尽可能地减少地震造成的损失。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was about 5 o'clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school. Our plan was to go swimming together. I had finished my work at 4 o'clock and then gone to the Post Office. Then I'd stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim.
I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter's school. Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way. I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. Then my car started to shake! I didn't know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.
I found myself in the dark. I couldn't move. The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn't move them. All around me was quiet. But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized (记起) what had happened. I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could reach the bag of apples, so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road. I called out. “I'm here！” I heard a shout. Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car. “How are you doing？” he asked.
“Not too bad，” I said, “but my feet and leg feel as if they're broken.” “We'll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn't get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在路上行驶时遭遇了地震。地震发生时，我前面的车开始左右晃动，我把车停下来，结果上面的路塌下来。我的双腿无法动弹，最后有人把我救出。
1．When the earthquake took place, the writer was ________.
A．on his way to the Post Office
B．stopping off a shop
C．doing some shopping
D．under a road built like a bridge
答案：D 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的：“Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way.”可知，我在一个建的像桥一样的路的下面行驶。故选D。
2．The writer's car began to move from side to side because ________.
A．there was something wrong with his car
B．he ate apples as he drove
C．an earthquake began to happen
D．he drove too fast
答案：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的：“Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. Then my car started to shake！”可知，突然我看到我前面的汽车开始左右晃动，我的车也开始摇晃。这证明地震发生了。故选C。
3．Which is the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．When the earthquake happened, the writer was with his daughter together.
B．The writer's leg and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake.
C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.
D．The writer was frightened that he forgot everything that happened around.
答案：B 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的：“I found myself in the dark. I couldn't move. The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn't move them.”可知，我的腿的下部和脚严重受损，不能动弹。故B正确。A项和第一段中的“I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school.”内容不符，我要去学校接女儿，所以他们没在一起；C项和最后一段中的“They didn't get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for fourteen hours.”内容不符。他们第二天早上才把我救出。我车里待了14个小时；D项和文章第四段中的“All around me was quiet. But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I memorized (记起) what had happened.”内容不符。这表明地震时，他什么都清楚。
Unit 4 Earthquakes
SectionⅣ Unit Revision
Ⅰ. 阅读表达
阅读下面短文并用英语回答问题，请注意每个小题后面的词数要求。
(2014·南昌市四校高一联考)
Today, millions of people want to learn or improve their English, but ‘it’ is difficult to find the best method. Is it better to study in Britain or America or to study in your own country?
The advantages of going to Britain seem obvious. Firstly, you will be able to listen to the language all the time you are in the country. You will be surrounded completely by the language wherever you go. Another advantage is that you have to speak the language if you are with other people.
On the other hand，________ of staying at home to study. You don't have to make big changes to your life. As well as this，it is also a lot cheaper than going to Britain.
So I think that if you have enough time and enough money, the best choice is to spend some time in the UK. But this is not possible for most people, so the most important thing to do in this situation is to catch your opportunities: to speak only English in class and to try to use English whenever possible outside the class.
文章大意：文章主要分析了如何学好英语这个话题，去英国或美国让自己沉浸在说英语的环境里无疑是一个最好方法，但是，出国费用太高；而且，在国内学英语也有优势。作为学生，应抓住机会，在课堂内外，尽可能多地说英语。
1．What is the text mainly about？(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：The best way to learn English. 根据“Today, millions of people want to learn or improve their English, ... Is it better to study in Britain or America or to study in your own country？...so the most important thing to do in this situation is to catch your opportunities: to speak only English in class and to try to use English whenever possible outside the class.”可知，文章主要讲的是学英语最好的方法是什么，故填The best way to learn English.
2．Please complete the sentence according to the the passage. (no more than 3 words)
The English language will surround you completely ________________________.
答案：wherever you go 根据第二段“You will be surrounded completely by the language wherever you go.”可知，题目是这一句的同义句转换，故填wherever you go。
3．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：there are also advantages 根据“You don't have to make big changes to your life. As well as this，it is also a lot cheaper than going to Britain.”可知，这里说的是在国内学英语的优势，故填there are also advantages.
4．What suggestion does the author give to those who learn English in their own country？(no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Speaking only English in class and trying to use English whenever possible outside class. 根据最后一段“to speak only English in class and to try to use English whenever possible outside the class.”可知，作者给出的建议是课堂上说英语，课下尽可能多的说英语，故填Speaking only English and class and trying to use English whenever possible outside class.
5．What does the underlined word ‘it’ in paragraph 1 refer to？(no more than 5words).
________________________________________________________________________
答案：To find the best methods “it is＋形容词＋(for sb.) to do sth.”是固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，因此，这里的it指代的是“to find the best method”。故填To find the best methods。
Ⅱ. 六选五
根据短文内容，从A－F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，选项中有一项是多余项。
(2014·安康市期末)
America is a country that was established by all the immigrants that came to settle there. The original settlers in America are the Indian-Americans who have been living there for thousands of years already, even before Christopher Columbus discovered it. Many people wonder the answer to the question why Mexican immigrants came to America.
1．________
The first answer to the question, why immigrants came to America is that most of them came to be saved from getting persecuted from a religious and get freedom. The Irish immigrants were just like some of the Mexican immigrants who came because they were afraid of getting persecuted(迫害) by the England church.
2．________
The second answer to the question, why Mexican immigrants came to America is to escape famine(饥荒)from Mexico. A big famine happened in the eighteenth century. A lot of people had no food and were starved to death so that they had to leave.
3．________
The third answer to the question, why Mexican immigrants came to America is to find good opportunities for a job. Many workers were needed when America was starting because many infrastructures were needed to be built. Many of them became farmers and carpenters. Some of them also sent money back to their families or relatives who still remained in Mexico. This is still a situation that is happening even today.
4．________
The fourth answer to the question, why Mexican immigrants came to America is that they wanted to seek adventure. Many people from other countries including Mexico had heard of the new found land and they wanted to see it for adventure. Many of them liked what they saw in America and decided to settle there permanently.
5．________
The fifth answer to the question, why Mexican immigrants came to America is to be able to escape(逃避)from the hardships in Mexico. They also came to reunite with some relatives who were already living in the United States. Many Mexicans settled in Texas, Nevada, Colorado and New Mexico.
答案：1－5 CEBFD
Ⅲ.任务型读写
阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。(注意：每个空格只填一个单词)
Although most of us have been learning English for more than three years or even more, we still doubt whether every one of us has already known how to learn English well.
Some students still think that learning English is just to remember new words, phrases, grammar rules and some sentence structures. It seems if we do so, we can have a good knowledge of English. We must make sure that things are not always what they seem to be.
Now imagine how we learn our mother tongue well. We learn it well by communicating with the people around us all day long. So we think it's not difficult for us to learn our mother tongue.Why do we think it is hard to learn English well? We all know that learning English usually takes place in schools and there are few opportunities to communicate with other speakers of the language. As a result, some think that learning English is slow and much difficult. It's because we spend less time learning and practicing it than doing our mother tongue.
The following may help us in some way.
We should gain confidence and we must be brave enough to speak English before others. Don't be afraid of losing our faces while talking with others in English.
We must make a long and careful study plan. Once we do it, we must take pains to continue learning English every day.
Think about what we have done and decide to study English harder than ever.
Finally we should take every opportunity to practice speaking English as often as possible.
Title: (1)________ to Learn English Well
The present situation
Although we have learned English for several years, not all of us (2)________ how to learn English well.
The(3)________for being hard to learn English well
·Just keeping in(4)________ new words, phrases, grammar rules and sentence structures.
·Students seldom(5)________ with other English speakers in English.
·Less time is(7)________ in learning and practicing English.
(6)________ on learning English well
·Be confident and(8)________ while speaking English in public.
·(9)________ plan your study and stick to it for a long time.
·Know your doings and make a decision to study English harder.
·Take every(10)________ to practice your spoken English very often.
答案：1.How 2.know 3.reasons 4.mind 5.communicate 6.Tips/Suggestions/Advice 7.spent 8.brave 9．Carefully 10.opportunity
Ⅳ.情景对话
根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个为多余选项。
A：Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest restaurant is?
B：__1__
A：Where is the nearest restaurant, please?
B：Oh, the restaurant? The nearest one is the City Restaurant.__2__
A：I'm-er-I'm afraid I don't quite... you see，__3__
B：I see. Simply walk two blocks straight ahead, then turn left, and the City Restaurant is about 10 metres ahead.__4__
A：Can I take a bus?
B：Of course you can. but __5__ It's only a few minutes' walk.
A：Thank you very much.
B：Not at all.
A．What did you do?
B．I'm a total stranger here.
C．You can't miss it.
D．I beg your pardon?
E．It's just opposite the No. 5 Department Store.
F．I don't think it is necessary.
G．It's not very nice.
答案：1－5 DEBCF
