(共34张PPT)
小升初英语总复习
祈使句&感叹句
【核心考点】
专题 05《句法(祈使句&感叹句)》
学习目标
1.掌握祈使句和感叹句的考点;
2.例题讲解;
3.在练习中举一反三。
考点分析
祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议等的句子。在祈使句中,通常省略第二人称you,以动词原形开头。
考点一 祈使句的句型
情况 形式 例句
祈使句的肯定式 ①实意动词原形 + 其他 ②Be 动词 + 其他 Look after yourself well, please. 请照顾好自己。
Be careful! 当心!
Look out ! 当心!
祈使句的否定式 Don't/ Never + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't look out of the window in class. 上课不要看窗外。
Never give up! 永不言弃!
考点一 祈使句的句型
情况 形式 例句
以let 开头的祈使句 Let +人称代词宾格 + 动词原形 +其他 Let + 人称代词宾格 + not + 代词原形+ 其他 Let's have a rest. 让我们休息一下吧。
Let them not play in the street.
别让他们在街上玩。
加强语气的祈使句 Do +动词原形 + 其他 Do talk about this, please.
请谈谈这个。
Do be quick!务必快点!
不含动词的祈使句 一个单词或一个短语(No + ving/ No +名词) Silence!安静!
No swimming!禁止游泳!
No photos! 禁止拍照!
考点二 祈使句的用法
① 表示命令
例:Go and wash your hands.去洗手。
②表示请求
例:Be quiet, please. 请安静。
③ 表示劝告或建议
例:Be kind to our sisters.对我们的姐妹要和善。
考点二 祈使句的用法
④ 表示提醒或警告
例:Watch your steps.走路小心。
⑤ 表示禁止
例:No parking.禁止停车。
⑥表示邀请
例:Have some fruit!请吃些水果吧!
感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子,多用how和what引导。引导词后加被强调的词,这些词可以是形容词、副词或名词,感叹句句末用感叹号,朗读时一般用降调。
如:How clever the monkey is!那猴子多聪明啊!
考点三 感叹句的句型
情况 形式 例句
What 引导的感叹句 What +a/an +形容词 + 可数名词单数(+主语 + 谓语)! What a good idea (it is)!
多好的主意啊!
What an interesting party(it is)!
多有趣的聚会啊!
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词或可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What delicious food (itis)!
多美味的食物啊!
What beautiful skirts(they are)!
多漂亮的短裙啊!
考点三 感叹句的句型
情况 形式 例句
How 引导的感叹句 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How good the teacher is!
这位老师真好呀!
How hard my fatherworks!
我父亲工作多努力啊!
How + 主语 +谓语! How I wanted to see you!
我多想见你啊!
How time flies!
时光飞逝!
考点三 感叹句的句型
特殊形式的感叹句感叹句还可以由陈述句、疑问句、祈使句甚至是一个词组或单词构成。
如:Wonderful! 太棒了!
考点四 感叹句的用法补充
① 意思相同的感叹句,既可以用how引导,也可以用 what 来引导。
例:How interesting the story is!这个故事多有趣啊!
What an interesting story it is! 这是个多么有趣的故事啊!
② how 和 what 引导的感叹句,后面的主语和谓语都可以省略。
例:What a nice horse (it is)!多好的一匹马啊!
How sweet (it is)!多么甜美啊!
例 题 精 讲
例题精讲
【例1】根据所给的类别给下列句子分类。
①Please sit down!
②How nice!
③What a beautiful flower it is!
④Look out!
1. 祈使句: 2.感叹句:
答案:
思路点拨:本题考查学生对感叹句和祈使句的掌握情况。
一般来讲,感叹句由how和what引导,但特殊形式的感叹句有的和祈使句很相像,要仔细区分才能辨别清楚。
【答案】 1.①④ 2.②③
例题精讲
【例 2】 根据要求改写句子。
1. It is a big apple.(改为用What引导的感叹句)
______ _______ _______ _______ it is!
2. How beautiful the flowers are! (改为同义句)
_______ ________ flowers (they are)!
3. Tom is singing happily.(改为用How引导的感叹句)
________ ________ Tom is singing!
例题精讲
思路点拨: 考查感叹句的基本结构。
第1题的基本结构是"what+a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语” 。
第2题的结构是"what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语(主语和谓语可以省略) ”。
第3题的结构是"how+副词+主语+谓语”。
【答案】 1.What a big apple 2.What beautiful 3.How happily
巩 固 练 习
用 what(a/an)或 how 填空。
1. ____________ sunny weather it is!
2. ____________ fine day it is!
3. ____________ fast he runs!
4. ____________ well the girls are dancing!
5. ____________ delicious food!
6. ____________ nice the pictures are!
7. ___________ happy they are!
What
What a
How
How
What
How
How
用 what(a/an)或 how 填空。
8._________ heavy snow it is!
9._________ interesting story it is!
10._________ clever girl she is!
11._________ lovely the boy is!
12._________ good students they are!
13._________ big horse it is!
What
What an
What a
How
What
What a
从下列句子中选出感叹句。
A. How beautiful the flowers are!
B. She didn't bring me her book.
C. Come in, please!
D. Let me try.
E. What a fine day!
F. Put the pears in the box.
G. How good the teacher is!
H. Do come again, please!
感叹句的有:
A E G
单项选择。
( )1. ______ clever the girl is!
A. What B. How a C. How D. What a
( )2.How beautiful _____ skirt is!
A. this B. it C. these D. those
( )3. ________ story you told me yesterday!
A. How interesting B. What an interesting
C. How interesting an D. What interesting an
C
A
B
单项选择
( )4.__________ wonderful music it is!
A. How a B. What C. What a D. How
( )5. ________ tall buildings they are!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
( )6.__________ fast she is swimming!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
B
A
C
单项选择
( )7. _______ it is!
A. What a fine day B. What fine day
C. How fine day D. How a fine day
( )8. ________ big dog it is!
A. What B. How a C. How D. What a
( )9. _________ beautiful flowers they are!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
B
D
B
单项选择
( )10. _______ nice telephone it is!
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
( )11.How _______ the red T-shirt is!
A. expensive B. an expensive
C. a expensive D. the expensive
( )12. ________ cold it is today!
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
A
A
D
单项选择
( )13.-Look at my jacket.
- ______ smart!
A. What B. How C. You're D. What a
( )14. ______ heavy rain it was!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
( )15. _______ good time we are having!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
B
B
A
按要求改写句子。
1. My brother is tall (用 how 改为感叹句)
________ _________ my brother is!
2. It is a nice watch. (用what改为感叹句)
________ a ________ watch it is!
3. The book is interesting. (用 how改为感叹句)
__________ ________ the book is!
How tall
What nice
How interesting
4. How beautiful the park is! (改为陈述句)
The ______ is ____________.
5. It is a useful book. (用what改为感叹句)
________ a _______ book it is!
6. The woman is old. (用how改为感叹句)
__________ ________ the woman is!
park beautiful
What useful
How old
选择正确的单词完成句子。
1. How ___________ (love, lovely) the boy is!
2. ______________ (What, How)fine weather it is!
3. Look at the picture. _____________ (What, How)beautiful!
4._____________ (How, What)a pretty bird it is!
5._____________ (What, How)nice the food is!
lovely
What
How
What
How
连词成句。
1. are, fat, pigs, how, the (!)
________________________
2. that, what, a, photo, nice, is (!)
____________________________
3. fast, runs, tiger, how, the (!)
__________________________________
How fat the pigs are!
What a nice photo that is!
How fast the tiger runs!
连词成句
4. beautiful, flowers, what, are, they (!)
__________________________________
5. how, careful, boy, the, is (!)
______________________________
What beautiful flowers they are!
How careful the boy is!