北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 3 Conservation Topic Talk&Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction随堂检测（含答案）

Unit 3 Topic Talk & Lesson 1
一、
1.We've been advised not to risk ________________(travel) in these conditions.
2.Around 540 million people ________________(affect) by second-hand smoke, which pauses 100,000 deaths per year.
3.Many people were absent for ________________ (vary) reasons.
4.Who is _________________(blame) for starting the fire
5.Countless natural disasters are causing human beings _____(recognise) the significance of keeping the natural balance.
二、
6.你离开时请把灯关了。
Please ____________________ the lights when you leave.
7.他在转行从事新闻工作前是图书管理员。
He worked as a librarian before ____________________ journalism.
8.他不会在决赛中对这位西班牙运动员形成威胁。
He is unlikely to be _______________ the Spanish player in the final.
9.当一种新型流感感染了一个人，那么所有人都有危险。
When a new flu infects one human being, all ________________.
10.他们的笑声渐渐消失了。
The sound of their laughter ________________.
三、
Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.
In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1. 3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year.
Mu Us Desert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification. The amount of annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 300 millimetres, while evaporation(蒸发) between 2,000 and 3,000 millimetres. Cao recalls that his growing-up was troubled by sandstorms. This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.
Popularly known as the "Green Great Wall", the project, which is set for completion in 2050, would be a 4, 800-kilometre green belt of trees and shrubs (灌木) protecting the area from strong winds and preventing soil erosion. Since the start of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme, millions of people have joined in and become a vital part of the plan.
However, the tree-planters face a host of challenges, with watering the most difficult among them. "When I was young, the level of groundwater was high," said Cao. "But with less rain, the trees are hard to plant and keep alive."
Planting trees has also become harder for Cao as he ages. However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government. "When I die, I just want to be buried under the trees," Cao said. "Then I will be with them forever."
1.By listing the figures in Paragraph 2, the author wants to _____________.
A.show Cao has had a hard life B.praise Cao for his contribution
C.tell us how much oxygen an adult needs D.make it clear that Cao has made a fortune
2.Why did Cao make up his mind to plant trees
A.Evaporation in his hometown was serious.
B.He had no other ways to earn a living.
C.He found it a pleasure to plant trees.
D.Sandstorms kept striking his hometown.
3.What does Cao Zhawa most care about
A.His health. B.His wealth.
C.The forest's ownership (所有权). D.His children's future.
4.What's the best title for the passage
A.An Elder in the Desert
B.A Life Devoted to Planting Trees
C.Mu Us Desert Requires Forest
D.Cao Zhawa—a Peasant with a Great Dream
四、
Urban Wildlife
Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wilderness, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours.
Cities are built for humans. ①______ For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
②______ When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.③______ Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. ④______
If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbours to the wildlife around us. ⑤______ Our own future will be in danger too.
A.They are built to protect birds.
B.Our actions sometimes help other species.
C.If we do not, more species will become extinct.
D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.
E.Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.
F.At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.
G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：travelling
2.答案：are affected
3.答案：various/varied
4.答案：to blame
5.答案：to recognise
解析：句意为:数不尽的自然灾害使得人类意识到保持自然平衡的重要性。cause sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“促使某人做某事”。
二、
6.答案：switch off
7.答案：switching to
8.答案：a threat to
9.答案：are at risk
10.答案：died away
三、
答案：1-4.BDCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容"In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1.3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year. (1958 年,年仅 16 岁的曹开始植树,目前他的树木的覆盖面积已超过130万平方米,他的森林价值约1000万元,能产生10万公斤氧气,可维持一个成年人将近一年的生命。)"可推知,这些数据表明,曹扎娃在植树方面取得了很大的成就,作者列举这些数据是为了称赞曹扎娃。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容"Mu UsDesert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification ... This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.(毛乌素沙地是中国受侵蚀和荒漠化影响最严重的地方之一……这是促使他加人并继续植树计划的原因之一。)"可知,沙尘暴经常侵袭他的家乡,这让他决定要植树。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government.(然而,他不想把森林留给他的孩子们,他坚持土地属于政府。)"可知,他最在意的是森林的归属权,他坚持森林属于政府,属于国家。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容"Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.(曹扎娃大半辈子都在种树,他生活和工作在内蒙古西南部的毛乌素沙地的中心地带。)"可知,文章主要讲述了一位奉献一生来种树的老人的故事。B项"A Life Devoted to Planting Trees(献身植树造林的一生)"适合做本文标题。故选B。
四、
答案：DBFEC
解析：①根据空前的 Cities are built for humans.与空后的 we destroy natural habitats 可知,城市往往不能为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。故选D项。
②根据空后的 When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineer added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.可知,桥梁的修缮为蝙蝠提供了家园,这说明我们人类的行为有时也能帮助到其他物种。故选B项。
③根据空后的 Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours.可知,此处填人的句子与空后句子存在对比。come to value 表示“逐渐开始珍惜”,这说明人们之前对蝙蝠是不同的感受。F项“起初,人们害怕这些蝙蝠,努力想要赶走它们”符合语境。故选F项。
④根据上文 The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife.可知,这个公园使用了当地的植物,为野生动物创造了开放的自然空间。由此可推知,野生动物们在这里不用被关在笼子里,可以自由移动,E项符合语境。wildlife为关键词,故选E项。
⑤根据空后的 Our own future will be in danger too. 可知,如果我们没有和野生动物分享我们的空间,动物们会面临灭绝的危险, C项符合语境。下文中的too为关键词。
2