外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world Starting out & Understanding ideas课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
Unit 5
A delicate world
The sharp thorn often produces delicate roses.
Period Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
敲黑板
1.课时任务：通过阅读介绍麦夸里岛生态系统变化的文章，了解人类带来的外侵物种破坏该岛生物链所造成的一系列后果，认识到生态系统平衡的重要性，培养参与生态环境保护的意识。
2.语篇导读：本文通过介绍麦夸里岛人类活动的历史，揭露了人类活动为该岛带来的包括外来物种入侵、岛内原生动物灭绝等一系列生态问题。文章结尾交代了作者来到该岛的目的，以及人类通过努力为该岛带来的积极变化。
3.语言知识：decrease, trap, owe, have an appetite for, out of control, decrease from… to…, in consequence, turn out, “nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语+谓语+其他成分”结构等。
We're used to seeing birds soaring across the sky, animals running in the fields, or swimming in the seas.We don't, however, know what is going on in their heads as they're doing all of these things.But artist Rajnik Patel does.Or at least he tries to imagine.
Patel creates animal comics where animals become husbands, wives, and children, and the familiar situations the artist puts these creatures in make it really easy to connect with them.
必刷词汇
1.penguin n.______
企鹅
2.subsequently adv.__________
后来,随后
3.parakeet n.________________
长尾（小）鹦鹉
4.immunity n.________
免疫力
5.postscript n.______
附言
6.pest n.________________
有害小动物;害虫
7.________ adj.中间的,半途的
halfway
8.________ n.遗产;传统
heritage
9.____ n.大老鼠
rat
10.______ n.大混乱;紊乱
chaos
11.______ n.病毒
virus
12.________ v.倒坍;塌下
collapse
13.________ n.生态
ecology
14.____________ adv.显著地；戏剧性地 联想 ①_______ n.戏剧 ②_________ adj.戏剧性的
dramatically
drama
dramatic
15.__________ n.栖居的动物;居民 联想 _______ vt.栖居于；居住在
inhabitant
inhabit
16._________ v.（使）大大增加,（使）倍增；乘以 联想 ________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的
multiply
multiple
17.vegetation n.___________________ 联想 ①_________ n.蔬菜②vegetarian n.____________
植物,草木 （总称）
vegetable
素食主义者
18._________ v.（使）变小,（使）减少 反 ________ v.增加 搭配 _________ ______… ___… 从……减
少到……
decrease
increase
decrease
from
to
19._________ n.离开 联想 _______ v.离开,起程
departure
depart
20.________ v.突然增加；爆炸；突然爆发
派 __________ n.激增；爆炸；爆发
explode
explosion
21.__________ adj.大量的,多的 联想 __________ n.物质
substantial
substance
22.________ n.事件 易混 ________ n.事故
incident
accident
23.___________ n.干预,介入 联想 _________ v.干预,介入
intervention
intervene
24._______ n.栖息地 拓展 _______ _______ 自然栖息地
habitat
natural
habitat
25.________ n.胃口,食欲；欲望；喜爱 搭配 ①______ ___ __________ ________ 胃口好/差 ②______
____ ________ ____… 对……有兴趣
appetite
have
a
good/poor
appetite
have
an
appetite
for
26.erosion n.______ 拓展 _____ ________ 水土流失
侵蚀
soil
erosion
27.____________ n.保护 联想 _________ vt.保护
conservation
conserve
28._____ n.夹子，陷阱 vt.困住；使陷入困境 搭配 _______ ________ ___… 陷于……中
trap
be/get
trapped
in
29._____ v.应该做；对……负有……的义务；归因于 搭配 _____ ____ ___… 把某事归功于……
owe
owe
sth
to
30.be introduced to________
被引进
31.out of control______
失控
32.in consequence____________
结果；因此
33.turn out________________
证明是；结果是
核心词汇
But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats.尽管该病毒导致兔子的数量从13万只锐减到1万只左右，但这也意味着猫的食物减少了。
教材P67
1 decrease
① v.（使）变小,（使）减少
Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊。［2020北京］
&1& decrease （from...） to... （从……）减少到……
decrease by... 减少了……
The proportion of the aging population is decreasing from 10% to 8.5%. 老龄化人口的比例从10%下降到8.5%。
Average house prices decreased by 13% last year. 去年房屋均价下降了13%。［《朗文当代》］
② n.减少；减少量
There has been a steady decrease. .of temperature.气温在持续下降。
&2& on the decrease 在下降
a decrease in... 在……方面下降
The number of violent crimes is on the decrease. 暴力犯罪的数量在下降。
Affected by the high temperatures, some areas experienced drought and a decrease in agricultural production. 受高温影响，一些地区出现干旱，农业减产。
&3& ①decline v.& n.下降；减少
②drop vi.（水平）降低；（数量）减少
&4& ①increase v.& n.增长；增加
②rise vi.& n.上升
In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.在20世纪80年代，人们用陷阱和狗来捕捉猫。
教材P68
定向练1
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.Our coal output is 4/5 of that of last year—that is, it has decreased ____ 20%.
by
[解析] 句意为：我们的煤产量是去年的五分之四，也就是说，减少了百分之二十。decrease by... 意为“减少了……”，故填by。
2.The number of new students decreased ______ 210 ___ 160 this year.
from
to
[解析] 句意为：今年新生人数从210人减少到了160人。根据句意可知，此处是指“从……减少到……”，应用decrease from... to... 。
3.The population in this country is____ the decrease.
on
[解析] 句意为：这个国家的人口正在下降。短语on the decrease意为“在下降”，故填on。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.经济的增长使贫困人数减少了。（decrease）
The economy is growing, causing _____________ the number of poor men.
a decrease in
2.在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的冰一直在减少。（decrease）
Over the past decades, the ice in the Arctic _________________________________________ as a result
of global warming.
has been decreasing / has been on the decrease
3.和去年由于交通事故而造成的死亡人数相比，今年交通事故导致的死亡人数已经减少了30%。（decrease）
The number of the deaths caused by traffic accidents this year ________________ 30%, compared with
that of last year.
has decreased by
2 trap
① n.陷阱，夹子；圈套；困境
Set a trap near that mouse hole. 在那个老鼠洞附近放一个夹子。
②vt.（trapped, trapped） 困住；使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；夹住；缠住
I was trapped inside an elevator during the blackout. 停电时,我被困在了电梯里。
&5& be / get trapped in / on... 困于……；陷于……
trap sb into （doing） sth 诱骗某人（做）某事
I'm trapped on an island and my only friend is named Wilson. 我被困在一座岛上，我唯一的朋友名叫威尔逊。
The eye-catching advertisements will trap us into buying things that we actually don't need. 这些引人注目的广告会诱使我们买一些实际上我们并不需要的东西。
&6& 表示“困于；陷于”的其他短语
be stuck in; be locked in; be caught in
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases ________（trap） in the atmosphere.
trapped
[解析] 句意为：由于温室效应，被困在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。设空处为gases的定语，且trap与gases之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。
2.These incidents led some scientists to develop ways to keep the costly robots from _____________
（trap） in the sand.
being trapped
[解析] 句意为：这些事件促使一些科学家研究出一些方法来防止这种昂贵的机器人被困在沙子里。from是介词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语，trap与robots之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用动名词的被动形式。
3.Were you just trying to trap her _____ making a mistaken decision
into
[解析] 句意为：你是想诱骗她做出错误的决定吗
This intervention is a long, much-delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.这次干预是这一悲伤故事的一个漫长的、拖延已久的结局，但我们人类理应给这座岛一个美满的结局。
教材P68
3 owe v.应该做；对……负有……的义务；欠（钱）；把……归功于；感激；欠（情）
Thank you for the magazine you bought for me.How much do I owe you 谢谢你给我买这本杂志。我该付你多少钱？
释义·理解
owe
①to feel that you ought to do sth for sb
②to have to pay sb for sth
③to be successful because of the help of sb/sth
&7& owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把某事归功于某人
owing to 由于
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
The factory owes a lot of money to the bank. 那家工厂欠银行一大笔钱。
He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life. 他把自己健康的体魄归功于大量的锻炼和有规律的生活。
It wasowing to Jenny's timely help that we accomplished the task on time. 正是由于珍妮的及时帮助，我们才按时完成了任务。
&8& 表示“因为；由于”的其他介词短语
because of, on account of, due to, thanks to, as a result of, as a consequence of, in consequence of 等
定向练3
一、写出下列句子中owe的含义。
1.I owe a lot to my wife and children. ______________
欠（情）/感激
2.We owe this discovery to Newton. ______________
把……归功于
3.You can take your time to pay the debt you owe me. __________
欠（钱）
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.We owe a great deal ___ our parents.
to
[解析] 句意为：我们非常感激我们的父母。/我们欠父母很多。
2.He owed his success ___ his teacher's encouragement.
to
[解析] 句意为：他把他的成功归功于老师的鼓励。
3._______ （owe） to using mobile phones too often， an increasing number of students suffer from
short-sightedness.
Owing
[解析] 句意为：由于使用手机太频繁，越来越多的学生得了近视。
【句意】游客也不难想象当地的栖息动物……是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共处几千年的。
教材P66
&9& “nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+谓语+其他成分”结构
在否定句中，如果要强调该句的否定概念，可以将否定词提前至句首，此时句子的结构要发生部分倒装的转变，即将句中原来谓语动词中的助动词、情态动词放在该句主语的前面；若助动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时，则要用全部倒装。
放在句首时句子使用部分倒装的有nor, rarely, hardly, seldom, never, barely, little, few等一系列能够表示否定意义或半否定意义的副词，及具有否定含义的介词短语on no account, in no case, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances, at no time等。
Seldom did he concentrate on anything other than study. 他几乎不关注任何除学习以外的事情。
By no means should a child play with fire. 小孩绝对不能玩火。
另外nor还常用于日常会话当中，表示前面所陈述的否定情况也适合于另一主语，意为“……也不”，也可以用neither。如果表达肯定概念，即“……也是”，则用so。这两种用法皆使用部分倒装，如：
—I have never seen such a beautiful place.我从未见过如此美丽的地方。
—Neither / Nor have I.我也没有。
—I will stay here without going anywhere.我会待在这里哪儿也不去。
—So will I.我也是。
定向练
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.他在遇到问题时从不害怕，我也是。
He has never felt fearful when facing problems.___________ ______ __.
Nor / Neither
have
I
2.村民们从没设想过从那以后他们会过上幸福的日子。
_______ _____ ____ _________ _________that they would live a happy life from then on.
Never
had
the
villagers
imagined
3.除非来到这里，否则你绝对意识不到自然之美。
By no means _____ _____ _______ the beauty of nature unless you come here.
will
you
realise
4.考试时绝对不允许任何作弊现象发生。
In no way ___________ cheating ____ ________ to happen in the exams.
should / will
be
allowed