外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Growing up Starting out & Understanding ideas课件(共52张PPT)

(共52张PPT)
Unit 1
Growing up
It takes courage to grow up and become who you really are.
Period Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
敲黑板
1.课时任务：阅读课文，了解18岁对于三个年轻人各自的意义，理解并积累与成年、自由、责任等话题相关的词汇，学习如何得体地表达个人观点、意愿和计划。
2.语篇导读：文章以“总—分”结构展开。首段提出问题，引起读者的阅读兴趣；主体部分用三个段落分别讲述18岁（成年年龄）对于三位年轻人各自的意义。
3.语言知识：earn, responsibility, instantly, approve, doubt, commitment, suitable, take responsibility for, no doubt, tempt sb to do sth, “主语+be+形容词+enough （for sb） to do sth”结构，as if引导的从句的语气，way后接定语从句的用法，I assume / I suggest等之后that引导的宾语从句,对谓语动词的强调等。
Entering adulthood is an important step in everyone's life. It means that a young person must soon leave childishness behind and start to shoulder grown-up responsibilities.
In Germany, “Jugendfeier” is a coming-of-age ceremony for 14-year-olds. They go to school to prepare for the occasion, studying topics such as cultural respect and social responsibility, which will help them become worthy citizens. The hope is that the young people taking part in the ceremony will take on these values for themselves.
In India, the sacred thread ceremony is performed when a boy is grown-up.He is given three sacred threads representing three promises he makes: to respect knowledge, to respect his parents, and to respect society.After the ceremony, the child, traditionally, leaves his family to live with a guru （a religious teacher or leader）. At this point the boy becomes “twice-born”—first his physical birth, and second his intellectual birth through a guru's care.
In Vanuatu, young boys come of age by jumping off a 98-foot-tall tower with a bungee-like rope tied to their ankles, just barely preventing them from hitting the ground. At the ceremony, the jumper's mother will hold something representing his childhood, and after the jump the item will be thrown away, representing the end of the jumper's childhood. He is now a man, ready to protect the family.
必刷词汇
1.integrity n.__________
正直诚实
2.ambulance n.________
救护车
3.childhood n.______________
童年,儿童时代
4.deposit n.______搭配 put down a deposit on sth ________________
订金
付订金购买某物
5.minimum adj.________________ 反 __________ adj.最大的；最多的
最小的，最少的
maximum
6._______ n.执照
licence
7._____ n.（银行等的）贷款
loan
8.______ n.（按小时、日或周计算的）工资, 薪金
wage
9.____ n.税
tax
10.______ n.美德 派 ________ adj.有德行的；品行端正的
virtue
virtuous
11.adulthood n.______ 拓展 ______ n.成年人
成年
adult
12.milestone n.__________________ 拓展 _____ n.英里
重大事件，里程碑
mile
13.election n.______ 联想 ①______ v.选举 ②_______ n.选民；有选举权的人
选举
elect
elector
14.______ adj.合法的 反 _______ adj.非法的；违法的 派 _______ adv.法律上；合法地 拓展 _____ n.
法律
legal
illegal
legally
law
15._______ adj.成熟的，明白事理的 派 _________ n.成熟 反 _________adj.（行为）不成熟的
mature
maturity
immature
16._________adv.立即,马上 联想 _______ adj.立刻的；即食的 n.瞬间；片刻 拓展 ____ _______
（that）… 一……就……
instantly
instant
the
instant
17.obey v.____________ 反 ________ v.不顺从；不服从
服从；遵守
disobey
18.subtle adj.____________________ 派 _______ adv.细微地
难以察觉的；微妙的
subtly
19.________ adj.逐渐的,逐步的 派 _________ adv.逐渐地；逐步地
gradual
gradually
20.selfish adj.________ 派 __________ n.自私 反________ adj.无私的
自私的
selfishness
selfless
21.________ v.赞成，同意;批准；认可 派 _________ n.赞成，同意;批准；认可 搭配 ________ ___ 同
意；赞成
approve
approval
approve
of
22.steady adj.________ 派 ________ adv.稳定地
稳定的
steadily
23.tempt v.____________ 派 temptation n.____________ 搭配 tempt sb to do sth __________________
诱惑，引诱
引诱；诱惑
引诱某人去做某事
24._________ n.图书馆管理员 联想 _______ n.图书馆
librarian
library
25.__________ adj.家庭的；家喻户晓的 拓展 ①household appliances __________②a household name
________________
household
家用电器
家喻户晓的名字
mute n.________________ 派 __________ n.（远距离）上下班往返的人；通勤者
每天上班的路程
commuter
27.____________ n.投入，花费;承诺 联想 ①________ v.全心全意投入（工作、活动等）;承诺②
__________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
commitment
commit
committed
28.________ adj.合适的 搭配 ____ ________ ____ sb/sth 适合某人/某物 联想 _____ v.合……心意；适
合；相配
suitable
be
suitable
for
suit
29.have a say on... ________________
对……有发言权
30.behind the wheel____________
在驾驶汽车
31.take responsibility for... ____________
对……负责
核心词汇
Surely, if you're old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes, you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them! 如果你到了挣钱和纳税的年龄，想必你就应该有权对政府如何使用这些税收发表意见！ 教材P3
1 earn v.挣（钱）；获得（利润）；应得；博得；赢得
His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team.他出色的能力为他在队中赢得了一席之地。
&1& earn a fortune 挣一大笔钱
earn one's daily bread 谋生
earn a / one's living （= make a/one's living） 谋生
He hopes to earn a fortune in real estate.他希望在房地产领域挣一大笔钱。
Bob's only aim in life is to earn his daily bread鲍勃唯一的人生目标就是谋生。
She earned a living as a part-time secretary.她靠做兼职秘书谋生。
&2& earnings n.薪水；工资
定向练1
用earn的相关短语翻译句子。
1.你做这份工作挣不了多少钱。
_______________________________________
You can't earn much money doing this job.
2.她靠什么谋生？
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
What does she do to earn her daily bread / What does she do to earn her living / How does she earn her daily bread / How does she earn her living
3.他花了好多年来赢得他们的信任。
________________________________________________
It took / has taken him many years to earn their trust.
But I think I'm already mature enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility. .for my life and the lives of other people.但我认为自己已经足够成熟，能明白开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 教材P3
2 responsibility n.责任；职责
&3& have / take / shoulder / accept responsibility for （doing） sth 对（做）某事负责任；承担（做）某事的责任
a sense of responsibility 责任感
it's sb's responsibility to do sth 某人有责任做某事
Social media companies must take responsibility for building a secure network environment.社交媒体公司必须承担起建立安全网络环境的责任。
Children should develop a sense of responsibility孩子们应当培养责任感。
As members of the digital world, it is our responsibility to be fully aware of the choices that we are making online and the information that we are sharing.作为数字世界的成员，我们有责任充分意识到我们在网上所做的选择和我们所分享的信息（的影响）。
&4& ①responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的
be responsible for... 对……负责
②irresponsible adj.不负责任的
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.She took full _____________ （responsible） for the failure of the project.
responsibility
[解析] 句意为：她承担了工程失败的全部责任。
2.Mills is responsible ____ a budget of over $5 million.
for
[解析] 句意为：米尔斯负责五百多万美元的预算。
3.Taking responsibility ____ something that went wrong is a mark of maturity.
for
[解析] 句意为：对做错的事情负责是成熟的一种标志。
4.A strong sense of _____________ （responsible） made him stick to his word.
responsibility
[解析] 句意为：强烈的责任感让他信守了诺言。
二、翻译句子。
1.我们有责任为后代保护环境。（it作形式主语）
_______________________________________________________________
It is our responsibility to protect the environment for next generations.
2.学校为所有学生的安全负责。（responsible）
__________________________________________________
The school is responsible for the safety of all students.
I expected to feel instantly different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.我本以为能立即体会到一种别样的感受，就仿佛我已关上了童年的大门，然后踏入了一个全新的成人世界。 教材P3
3 instantly adv.立即；马上 conj.一……就……
Nowadays, thanks to the Internet, mail is instantly available.多亏了因特网，现在邮件可以即时接收。
The little boy burst into tears instantly he saw his mother.那个小男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
&5& instant adj.立刻的，马上的；即食的；速溶的 ［C,常用单数］n.瞬间；片刻；顷刻
the instant （that）... 一……就……
It can provide students with instant feedback.它可以为学生提供即时反馈。
I'd like a cup of instant coffee.我要一杯速溶咖啡。
It took me an instant to realise what he meant.我立刻就明白了他的意思。
I recognised her . .the instant （that） I saw her.我一眼就认出了她。
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I was attracted by the scenery there _________ （instant）.
instantly
[解析] 此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。instantly意为“立即，马上”。
2.He paused for ____ instant before continuing to speak.
an
[解析] 句意为：他停顿了片刻才接着往下说。instant在句中为名词，意为“片刻”，为可数名词，且它的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
二、翻译句子。
1.我一到就会与你联系。（instant）
_____________________________________________________
The instant （that） I arrive, I will get in touch with you.
2.The police had to employ force instantly the crowd got out of control.
____________________________________
人群一失控，警察就不得不采用武力。
This was a big decision for me and I made it without asking my parents （although I knew they would approve）.这对我而言是个重大的决定，我在作决定时并未征求父母的意见（尽管我知道他们会同意）。 教材P3
4 approve vi.赞成，同意 vt.批准；认可；通过
We would appreciate it if you could approve our proposal.如果你能够认可我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
&6& approve of sb / sth同意某人 / 某事
approve of （sb / sb's） doing sth 同意（某人）做某事
I don't approve of violence in any shape or form.我不赞成任何形式的暴力行为。
I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't ignore your studies.我同意你试着去挣一些钱，但请不要忽视了你的学业。
&7& disapprove v.不赞成；不同意
&8& ①approving adj.赞成的；赞许的
②approval n.认可；同意；赞许 ［反］disapproval n.不赞成；反对
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The committee has given its _________ （approve） to the plan he put forward.
approval
2.No decision will be made until all the members have approved ___ this plan.
of
3.I'm afraid your parents won't approve of you ________ （work） there.
working
[解析] 句意为：恐怕你的父母不会同意你在那儿工作。approve of sb doing sth为固定搭配，意为“同意某人做某事”。故填working。
4.The professor made no comment about the speech but gave an __________ （approve） nod.
approving
[解析] 句意为：教授对这个演讲未作评论，但点头表示了赞许。
Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a
credit card at some point... 当然，我想在财务上更加自由，并且毫无疑问我会在将来某个时候办理一张
信用卡…… 教材P3
5 doubt
① n.疑问；疑惑；不确定
&9& no / without / beyond doubt 无疑；很可能；的确
be in doubt 不肯定；没把握
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt about / as to whether... 对……有一些疑问
No doubt the meeting's success turned to be one of the hottest topics during the round table on the day.毫无疑问，会议的成功成了当天圆桌会议上最热门的话题之一。［China Daily］
There is some doubt as to whether John will come on time.约翰是否会按时来还很难说。
② v.怀疑
&10& doubt whether/if... 怀疑是否……
don't doubt that... 不怀疑…… （在表否定的句子中，doubt后一般接that引导的宾语从句）
定向练5
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.You can complain, but I doubt _______________ it'll make any difference.
whether / if doubt
[解析] 作动词时，在肯定句中，其后一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
2.I never doubt _____ he will come to my rescue.
that
[解析] doubt作动词时，在否定句中，其后一般接that引导的宾语从句。
二、根据汉语提示，用doubt的相关表达补全句子。
1.Joe was ____ ____ （无疑） one of the best salesmen in the company.
[答案] no doubt / without doubt / beyond doubt
2.The future of peace talks between the two countries is ___ ______ （不确定的）.
in
doubt
[解析] 句意为：这两个国家之间的和谈前景未卜。
3.______ ___ ____ ______ _____ （毫无疑问）people's behaviour has a far-reaching impact on the
environment.
There
is
no
doubt
that
I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of commitment, and I do like my mom's cooking.我知道我可以通过银行贷款来付自己公寓的订金，但我并没有对那种花费做好准备，而且我真的很喜欢我妈妈做的饭菜。 教材P4
6 commitment n.花费；承诺；投入，奉献
A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment从事演员这一职业需要百分之百的投入。
释义·理解
commitment
①agreeing to use money or time
②a promise to do sth
③the willingness to work hard
&11& make a commitment 作出承诺
&12& ①commit v.（committed, committed; committing）犯（罪）；做出（错事等）；保证，承诺；全心全意投入（工作等）；忠于（某人等）；花（时间、钱等）
commit a crime / a mistake犯罪/犯错
commit sb / oneself to （doing） sth 承诺某人 / 某人自己（做）某事；保证某人 / 某人自己（做）某事
commit sb / oneself to do sth 承诺某人 / 某人自己去做某事；保证某人 / 某人自己去做某事
commit to sb / sth 忠于某人 / 全心全意投入某事
commit... to… 在……上投入（钱或时间）（to为介词）
He committed a mistake in the exam.他在考试中犯了一个错误。
The government committed itself to reducing taxes.政府承诺减税。
The organisation committed 300 billion dollars to reforming health care.该组织投入了3,000亿美元用于医疗改革。
②committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth 致力于（做）某事
The world is committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund.世界各国致力于设立气候适应基金。
定向练6
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Usually the most awkward e-mail mistake _____________ （commit） in anger.
is committed
[解析] 主语与commit之间为被动关系，故谓语动词用被动形式；此处介绍一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。句意为：最尴尬的电子邮件错误通常是人们在愤怒时犯的。
2.___________ （commit） to serving people in her neighbourhood, she was honoured with the title of
“Top Ten Teenagers”.
Committed
[解析] be committed to doing sth意为“致力于做某事”，此处为过去分词短语作原因状语。句意为：由于致力于为社区人民服务，她被授予“十佳青少年”的称号。
3.The poor woman made a ____________ （commit） that she would look after the orphan forever.
commitment
[解析] 本题考查短语make a commitment，意为“作出承诺”。句意为：这位贫穷的女士承诺自己会永远照顾这个孤儿。
4.In the past few years, the local government has committed large amounts of money ___ housing
projects.
to
[解析] 本题考查短语commit… to…，意为“在……上投入（钱或时间）”。句意为：在过去的几年里，当地政府已经在公房项目上投入了大量资金。
5.Howard is on the school football team.He is a faithful and __________ （commit） member of the
team.
committed
[解析] 设空处修饰名词member，应用形容词。句意为：他是团队中忠诚且尽心尽力的一员。
Choose another suitable title for the passage and give your reasons. 为文章选择另一个合适的标题并给出你的理由。 教材P4
7 suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
I hope I can find a suitable job after graduation.我希望毕业之后我能够找到一份合适的工作。
&13& be suitable for... 适合……
be suitable to do... 适合做……
The content of this story is suitable for children to read and its style is good as well.这个故事的内容适合儿童阅读，而且它的风格也很好。
In my opinion, it depends. Some occasions may be suitable to speak quite loudly, but for the most part, it is better not to do so.依我看，要视具体情况而定。有些场合也许适合很大声地讲话，但是大多数情况下，最好不要这样做。
&14& suit n.西装；成套服装 vt.适合；（尤指服装、颜色等）相配；合身；对（某人）方便；合（某人）心意
suit sth to sth / sb 使某物适合某物/某人
You should do what the doctor thinks will suit you and the baby best.你应当根据医嘱去做最适合你和婴儿的事情。
定向练7
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I had great difficulty finding a ________ （suit） dress for the opening ceremony.
suitable
[解析] 此处修饰名词dress，故用suit的形容词形式suitable。
2.Tom is a little careless, but he is otherwise quite suitable ____ the post.
for
[解析] 句意为：汤姆有点粗心，但从其他方面来看，他很适合这个职位。
3.People ________ （suit） for the job can apply for it.
suitable
[解析] 此句考查形容词短语作后置定语， be suitable for... 意为“适合……”。
二、翻译句子。
1.Services should be run to suit the convenience of the customers, not the staff.
__________________________________________
服务应旨在满足客户的便利，而不是员工的。
2.I'm going to get myself measured for a new suit.
__________________________________
我打算给自己量尺寸做一套新西服。
3.I think it's one of the most suitable cities to work and live in.
________________________________________
我认为它是最适合工作和生活的城市之一。
1
【句意】但我认为自己已经足够成熟，能明白开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 教材P3
&15& “主语+be+形容词+enough （for sb） to do sth”结构
①该结构表示“……足够……（让某人）去做某事”，其中动词不定式作结果状语。
The question is easy enough for him to answer. 这个问题够简单的了，他能回答上来。
②此结构可以与“主语+be+so+adj.+that引导的结果状语从句”或“主语+be+so+adj.+as to do sth （结果状语）”互换。
She was kind enough to lend me the book.= She was so kind that she lent me the book.= She was so kind as to lend me the book.她真好，把书借给我看。
定向练1
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.You are brave enough ________（raise） objections at the meeting.
to raise
2.I regret to inform you that you are not qualified enough _____________ （choose） as our
representative.
to be chosen
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
足够勇敢参加这次探险的学生会学到许多技能。（enough）
____________________________________ to take part in this exploration will learn a lot of skills.
Students （who/that are） brave enough
2
【句意】我本以为能立即体会到一种别样的感受，就仿佛我已关上了童年的大门，然后踏入了一个全新的成人世界。 教材P3
&16& as if引导的从句的语气
as if / as though表示“好像；似乎”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句，从句有语气的变化。
①当句子所陈述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if / as though引导的从句用陈述语气。
It sounds as if / as though it is raining听起来像是在下雨。
②当句子所陈述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if / as though引导的从句用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设时，从句谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；表示推测将来时，从句谓语动词用“should / would / could / might+动词原形”。
You look as if / as though you didn't care你看上去好像并不在乎。
He talked as if / as though he had known the fact.他说话的样子就好像他已经知道了真相。
It seems as if we should have to spend the night here.似乎我们得在这里过夜了。
定向练2
根据汉语提示，用as if/as though补全句子。
1.I remember the whole thing __________________________________ （好像这件事是昨天发生的一样）.
as if / as though it happened yesterday
2.It seems _____________________________________ （我们队好像要赢了）.
as if / as though our team is going to win
3.She loves the boy _________________________________ （就好像她是他的母亲一样）.
as if / as though she were his mother
4.He shook his head ________________________________ （好像在说“不”）.
as if / as though he was saying “no”
5.He talks about Rome _____________________________________ （好像他以前去过那里似的）.
as if / as though he had been there before
3
【句意】年满18岁也改变了社会看待我的方式。 教材P3
&17& way后接定语从句的用法
way意为“方式；方法”，后接定语从句时有两种情况：
①指代way的关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词that / which, that / which作宾语时可省略。
Radiation may damage cells in a way that / which was previously unforeseen.辐射可能以一种我们过去没想到的方式破坏细胞。
②指代way的关系词在定语从句中作状语（还原后在定语从句中是in the way）时，关系词用in which、 that或省略。
I don't like the way （that / in which） he speaks to his parents.我不喜欢他和他父母说话的方式。
定向练3
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.I hate the way _____ she always criticises me.
that
2.The way __________ was thought of by him of doing the experiment was similar to the way _____ you
carried it out.
which / that
that
Well, that's the way that I wanna be.I wanna make them all proud of me.那就是我想要成为的样子——我想让大家都以我为荣。——《雪怪大冒险》
4
【句意】我本以为我一满18岁就会有一份薪水不错的工作，并且会搬进租来的公寓里住，但我大错特错！ 教材P4
&18& I assume / I suggest等之后that引导的宾语从句
宾语从句中的连接词that在句中无实际意义，不充当成分，在一般情况下可省略。但当谓语动词是assume, suggest, agree, argue, hold, state, announce等时，其后宾语从句的连接词that通常不省略。
The teacher suggested that students should get into the habit of doing eye exercises.老师建议学生养成做眼保健操的习惯。
Most scientists agree that global warming is a serious problem.大多数科学家都同意全球变暖是个严重的问题。
特别注意在以下几种情况下，引导宾语从句的连接词that不能省略：
①两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，从第二个从句开始，that不能省略。
②that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不能省略。
③句中有形式宾语it，that引导的从句作真正的宾语时，that不能省略。
定向练4
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.I believe they will turn up on time and _____ they can win first place in the competition.
that
[解析] 设空处引导宾语从句，作believe的宾语，连接词不作成分，无实际意义，故填that。此处的that不可省略。
2.The scientist wanted to make it understood by people _____ she did a difficult and important job.
that
[解析] 本题中it为形式宾语，设空处引导的宾语从句作真正的宾语，连接词不作成分，无实际含义，故填that。此处that不可省略。
二、翻译句子。
1.我建议我们毕业后保持联系。（stay in touch）
________________________________________________________________________
I suggest that we （should） stay in touch （with each other） after graduation.
2.一些人争辩说科技使我们懒惰。（argue）
________________________________________________
Some people argue that technology has made us lazy.
5
【句意】……而且我真的很喜欢我妈妈做的饭菜。 教材P4
&19& 对谓语动词的强调
助动词do, does或did可以用来强调谓语动词，一般译为“务必；一定；确实”，此时谓语动词用原形。
Do be careful when you cross the road！过马路时务必要小心啊！
定向练5
翻译句子。
信不信由你，她确实在比赛中获得了第一名。
___________________________________________________________
Believe it or not, she did win first prize / place in the competition.