(共19张PPT)
Unit 2
Making a difference
知识·技能·考试
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语言知识运用
1.contribute
例1 [河南南阳六校2022高一联考]In the second place, in order to make ________ (contribute) to our dear motherland in future, we ought to do exercise usually to keep healthy.
例2 [福建莆田2021高一期中]He has made an important ________ (contribute) to the success of the company.
【解析】
例1:contributions 其次,为了在将来为我们亲爱的祖国作贡献,我们应该经常锻炼以保持健康。make contributions to… 意为“为……作贡献”。
例2:contribution 句意为:他对这家公司的成功作出了重要贡献。make a contribution to… 为固定搭配,意为“对……作贡献”。
语言知识运用
例3 [江西南昌名校2022高二联考]Cooperation and innovation (创新) in business models, technologies and digital solutions could all contribute ________ reducing food waste.
【解析】
例3:to 句意为:商业模式、技术和数字解决方案方面的合作及创新都会有助于减少食物浪费。contribute to为固定搭配,意为“有助于”。
语言知识运用
2.relief
例1 [广东揭阳2022高一期末·改编]Henry found that creating music was a kind of ________ (relieve) and cure for his illness.
例2 ________ our relief, we finally found the best solution.
【解析】
例1:relief 句意为:亨利发现创作音乐对他的疾病来说是一种缓解和治疗。设空处在从句的系动词was后作表语,其前有a kind of修饰,应用名词形式。
例2:To 句意为:让我们宽慰的是,我们最终找到了最好的解决办法。to one’s relief意为“令某人宽慰的是”。
语言知识运用
例3 [黑龙江哈师大附中2022高一期末]Hearing that he had passed the final exam, he sighed ________ relief and broke into a smile.
例4 [课标全国Ⅰ2020·改编]Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The ________ is obvious. If we admit it is a door, they’ll want to go outside constantly. It will drive us crazy.
A.relief B.target C.reason D.case
【解析】
例3:with 句意为:听说自己通过了期末考试,他松了口气,突然笑了起来。sigh with relief意为“松了口气”。
例4:C 根据上下文可知,“我们”之所以对孩子们撒谎说滑动玻璃门是窗户,是因为不想让孩子们总想着出去玩。故此处表示“原因”很明显。reason意为“原因;理由”,符合语境。relief意为“宽慰;轻松”;target意为“目标;靶子”;case意为“情况;事例”。
语言知识运用
3.effect
例1 [河南平顶山2022高一期末]There are many ________ (effect) ways to enlarge your world. Your love of books is the best one.
例2 Many drugs have side ________ (effect); some can be serious and even deadly.
【解析】
例1:effective 句意为:有许多有效的方法来扩大你的世界。你对书的热爱是最好的一种方法。设空处修饰名词ways,作定语,应用形容词形式。
例2:effects 句意为:许多药物有副作用;有些可能是严重的,甚至是致命的。
语言知识运用
例3 [北京东城区2022高二期末·改编]Gaming can certainly be fun and relaxing but excessive gaming can lead adolescents into nearsightedness and have a negative effect ________ the social lives of children.
【解析】
例3:on 句意为:玩电脑游戏当然是有趣和放松的,但过度玩电脑游戏会导致青少年近视,并对儿童的社交生活产生负面影响。have an effect on… 意为“对……产生影响”。
语言知识运用
4.hesitate
例1 [北京清华大学附属中学2022高一期中]The firefighters ran into the burning house to save people without ________ (hesitate).
例2 [广东佛山2021高一期末]Please don’t hesitate ________ (contact) me if you have any questions.
【解析】
例1:hesitation 句意为:消防员毫不犹豫地冲进着火的房子去救人。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。
例2:to contact 句意为:如果您有任何问题,请尽管与我联系。don’t hesitate to do sth为固定搭配,意为“尽管做某事”。
语言知识运用
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021] As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d expected. Dad ________. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood delivering food in Bernardsville, New Jersey.
A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused
【解析】
例3:B 根据后文说作者的父亲作为一个食品杂货商的儿子,儿时的夏天都是去送货可知,此处指父亲在听了作者的抱怨后笑了。smile意为“微笑”,符合语境。cry意为“哭”;hesitate意为“犹豫”;refuse意为“拒绝”。
语言知识运用
例4 [课标全国Ⅰ2020]Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t ________ to open them and walk through.
A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend
【解析】
例4:C 句意为:然后,当他们面对生活中的其他门时,不管是真实的还是无形的,他们都会毫不犹豫地打开门,走进去。
语言知识运用
5.achieve
例1 [重庆复旦中学2021高一期中]Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________ (achieve).
例2 [陕西西安2022高一期末·改编]The country is well on its way to ________ (achieve) this goal. So far, volunteers, businesses and government workers have planted more than 2.6 billion trees nationwide.
【解析】
例1:achievement 句意为:然后,先处理最重要的任务,这样你会有一种真正的成就感。a sense of achievement为固定搭配,意为“成就感”。
例2:achieving 句意为:该国正朝着实现这一目标迈进。到目前为止,志愿者、企业和政府工作人员已经在全国范围内种植了超过26亿棵树。设空处前的to为介词,设空处应用动名词形式。
语言知识运用
6.treatment
例1 [江西宜春2022高二期末]He took these animals home in order to give them medical ________ (treat).
例2 Thanks to specialised treatment which was made possible by bone marrow donors (骨髓捐赠者), Jessica survived. The experience of watching Jessica go through the ________ finally encouraged Brooks to fight his fear of needles and sign up to be a bone marrow donor.
A.tests B.treatment C.examination D.tasks
【解析】
例1:treatment 句意为:为了给这些动物治疗,他把它们带回了家。设空处前有形容词medical修饰,作give的宾语,应用名词形式。treatment作“治疗”讲时为抽象名词,是不可数名词。
例2:B 句意为:目睹杰茜卡经历治疗的这一段经历最终鼓励布鲁克斯强忍着对针的恐惧并报名成为一名骨髓捐赠者。由前文的Thanks to specialised treatment可知,杰茜卡接受的是治疗。treatment在此处意为“治疗”,为原词复现。
语言知识运用
7.donate
例1 This ________ (donate) was to support local education and public welfare.
例2 And the money from the tour can ________ (donate) to help the people who live there.
【解析】
例1:donation 句意为:这批捐赠物是为了支持当地的教育和公共福利。设空处作主语,根据系动词was可知,应用名词的单数形式。
例2:be donated money与donate之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且空前有情态动词can,其后应用动词原形。
语言知识运用
8.assistance
例1 [辽宁师大附中2022高二段测]At the beginning of the class, Wang Yaping, the first female taikonaut to enter China's space station, gave the students a tour of their living and working areas with the ________ (assist) of her two male crewmates.
例2 [黑龙江鹤岗一中2022高二期中]His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching ________ (assist) in class whose creativity would infect (感染,影响) other students.
【解析】
例1:assistance 句意为:在课堂开始时,第一位进入中国空间站的女航天员王亚平在她的两位男航天员同伴的帮助下,带领学生们参观了他们生活和工作的区域。
例2: assistant 句意为:他的出现意味着我在课堂上有一个意想不到的助教,他的创造力将会感染其他的学生。设空处前有an unexpected teaching修饰,应用名词,此处表示“助教”,故填assistant。
语言知识运用
9.过去分词(短语)作后置定语
例1 [全国乙2022]It can help to build a community with a ________ (share) future for mankind...
【解析】
例1:shared 此处表示“这有助于构建人类命运共同体”。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语形式作定语,修饰名词future,share与future之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词 shared,意为“共有的”。故填shared。
语言知识运用
例2 [全国甲2022] Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
【解析】
例2:held 句意为:受到在北京举办的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹晟康决定徒步走完“一带一路”全线,以此向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是decided, Inspired by... Beijing 为过去分词短语作状语,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,hold与the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填held。
语言知识运用
例3 [浙江2021年1月]In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【解析】
例3:studied 句意为:1985年,在被研究的国家中,有超过四分之三的国家的城市男性和女性的体重指数高于农村地区的男性和女性的。分析句子结构可知,句子谓语是had,与设空处之间无连词连接,故设空处应用非谓语形式。设空处与其逻辑主语countries之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填studied。
语言知识运用