(共28张PPT)
Unit 4
Meeting the muse
Period Ⅱ
Using language
敲黑板
1. 语言知识：determined, contrast, not until句型的强调句，“sb/sth have/has done+since…”结构, 动词不定式（短语）、动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式作表语等。
2. 语言技能：能够谈论艺术作品；学会用非谓语动词作表语及合成形容词介绍与艺术相关的内容。
必刷词汇
1.awe-inspiring adj. ________________________
令人起敬的，令人钦佩的
2.installation n. ________________________________________
现代雕塑装置（除物体外还包括光、声等）
3.cable n. ______
电缆
4.trend n. ____________
趋势，动向
5.________ adj. 抽象（派）的
反 concrete adj. ________
abstract
具体的
6._____ n. 金属丝；电线
派 ________ adj. 无线的
搭配 wire fence __________________
wire
wireless
铁丝网，铁丝栅栏
7.__________ adj. 新颖的，创新的
联想 ①_________ v. 创新，革新②__________ n. 新观念；革新，创新
innovative
innovate
innovation
8.________ n. 反差，对比 v. 形成对照；形成对比
搭配 ____ ________ 相比之下
contrast
by
contrast
核心词汇
... I was determined to see the painting, which is often called the “Mona Lisa of the North”.
……我下定决心要去看看那幅常被称为“北方的蒙娜丽莎”的画。
教材P54
1 determined adj.有决心的；（意志）坚定的；坚决的
She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she wouldn't change her mind. 她给了我一个坚定的眼神——表明她不会改变主意的那种眼神。
&1& be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事
We are determined to get the work done before Friday. 我们决心在周五前完成这项工作。
Amazed at how skilful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀。
&2& ①determine vt. 决定；查明；确定
determine to do sth 决定做某事
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative” parenting style. 研究人员确定，爸爸们需要实行“权威性的”育儿方式。［2020年1月浙江］
It's a story about a man who leaves jail and determines to reform. 这是关于一个出狱并决定改过自新的人的故事。
②determination n. 决定；决心；果断
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. 写一首关于勇气、决心和力量如何帮助你面对生活中的挑战的诗。［2020全国新高考Ⅰ］
定向练1
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I am ___________ （determine） to make more efforts to improve my English.
determined
2.He is a ___________ （determine） man and he believes _____________ （determine） and efforts
can lead to success.
determined
determination
3.She was determined ________ （work） twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
to work
二、改写句子。
They were determined to complete the job on time, so they set out to work immediately. （用分词作状
语）
→ _________________________________________, they set out to work immediately.
Determined to complete the job on time
... create a strong contrast. ……产生强烈的对比。
教材P57
2 contrast
① n. 反差，差别；对比；对照
&3& in contrast with / to 与……形成对比；与……截然不同
by contrast 相比之下
In contrast with / to your belief that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed.
与你认为我们会失败的想法相反，我相信我们会成功。
The coastal areas have mild winters, but by contrast the central plains become extremely cold.
沿海地区冬天天气暖和，但相比之下，中部平原地区却变得极其寒冷。
②vt. 对比；对照 vi. 形成对照；形成对比
&4& contrast... with... 把……与……作对比
contrast sharply / strikingly with sth与某物截然不同；与……形成鲜明对比
In her speech she contrasted the team's optimistic promises with its dismal achievements. 她在讲话中把团队乐观的承诺与其糟糕的成绩作了对比。
Their experiences contrast sharply with those of other children. 他们的经历和其他孩子的（经历）形成鲜明的对比。
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.His actions contrasted sharply _____ his promises.
with
[解析] 句意为：他的行为与他的诺言相差甚远。
2.Lawyers, ____ contrast, are concerned with fair procedure and individual rights.
by
[解析] 句意为：相比之下，律师们关心的是公正的程序和个人的权利。
3.In such a background, his white hair was particularly ___ contrast to his dark skin.
in
[解析] 句意为：在这样的背景下，他的白发与他黝黑的皮肤形成了鲜明的对比。
4.The snow was icy and white, ___________ （contrast） with the brilliant blue sky.
contrasting
[解析] 句意为：冰冷的白雪和明媚的蓝天交相辉映。
【句意】直到我们去年去海牙旅游，这个梦想才实现！
&5& not until句型的强调句
not until句型的强调句需要把not until全放到被强调部分，其结构为“It is/was not until…+that…”。
It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home. 昨晚12点钟我父亲才回到家。
It was not until he told me that I knew it. 直到他告诉我，我才知道这件事。
特别注意 用于强调句型的until不能用till替换。
1
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.___ was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognised her.
It
2.It was not until his son came back _____ he went to bed.
that
3.It was not until midnight _____ they reached the camp.
that
4.—When did you return last night
—It was not until midnight ______ it was raining hard.
when
[解析] 句意为：——你昨晚什么时候回来的？——直到午夜雨下得很大的时候我才回来。
设空处应引导定语从句，先行词为midnight，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应填关系副词when。
2
【句意】从最早的洞穴壁画开始，人类一直在墙上展示艺术。
教材P56
&6& sb/sth have / has done+since…
since意为“自……以来”，后接表示时间点的名词或名词词组，或引导时间状语从句，表示从过去的某一时刻开始持续到现在，强调到目前为止发生的动作，常与现在完成时连用。since引导时间状语从句时，从句常用一般过去时，表示动作的完成或结束。
Things have changed a lot since I wrote to you last time. 自我上次给你写信以来，情况发生了很大变化。
They have been friends since they met for the first time in London. 自他们在伦敦第一次见面以来，他们就一直是朋友。
since引导从句时，常用于句型“It is/has been+时间段+since从句（常用一般过去时）”。
特别注意
在“It is / has been+时间段+since从句”中，若从句谓语为非延续性动词的过去式，表示肯定含义；若从句的谓语为延续性动词或状态动词的过去式，表示动作或状态的完成或结束，表示否定含义。比较以下两个例句：
It is three years since the war ended. 战争已经结束三年了。（end为非延续性动词，表示end这一动作发生至今已有三年）
It is three years since he lived here. 他不在这里居住已经三年了。（live为延续性动词，表示live这一动作结束至今已有三年）
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.No injuries __________________ （report） since the earthquake happened.
have been reported
2.The whole wildlife population ____________ （suffer） a devastating loss of almost three fifths since
1970.
has suffered
3.It is 20 years ______ he began to learn English.
since
4.I have not heard from him since he ______ （live） in Nanjing.
lived
5.It ___________ （be） years since I worked with him.
is/has been
1 动词不定式（短语）作表语
动词不定式（短语）作表语通常用来说明主语的具体内容（职业、职责或性质等），也可以表示目的、愿望等，其主语通常是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem等名词，或what引导的主语从句。
A college counsellor's job is to help students adjust to college life. 大学辅导员的工作是帮助学生适应大学生活。
His ambition is to become an actor. 他的理想是成为一名演员。
What you should do is to maintain confidence and patience. 你应该做的就是保持信心和耐心。
特别注意
①常见的后接动词不定式（短语）作表语的系动词有appear, seem, prove, remain等。
Our English teacher seems to have known the secret. 我们的英语老师好像已经知道这个秘密了。
Whether we will succeed or not remains to be seen. 我们是否会成功仍有待观察。
②当主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，不定式（短语）作表语时通常省略to。
All I can do now is keep silent. 我现在所能做的就是保持沉默。
定向练1
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编] His job is ______ （sit） beside the pianist and turn the pages of the
score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.
to sit
[解析] 句意为：他的工作就是坐在钢琴家旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不会因自己动手而打断音乐的流畅。
2.Well done! The students seemed _______________ （impress） by your wonderful speech.
to be impressed
[解析] 句意为：做得不错！你精彩的演讲似乎给学生们留下了深刻印象。
3.—Mark, I failed in the exam again. I'm so upset.
—I think the first thing ______ （do） is ____________ （find） out your weak points.
to do
（to） find
[解析] 第一空作定语修饰thing，thing前有first，应用不定式作后置定语；第二空作表语，主语部分含有to do，作表语的不定式常省略to。
2 动词的-ing形式作表语
（1）动名词（短语）作表语用来泛指某种动作或行为,以说明主语的具体内容（身份、性质或情况），即解释主语“是什么”。
动名词（短语）作表语时放在系动词之后, 可以和主语互换位置，意思仍然通顺。
Her job is cleaning offices. 她的工作是打扫办公室。（动名词短语作表语）
Cleaning offices is her job. 打扫办公室是她的工作。（动名词短语作主语）
（2）现在分词（短语）作表语用来表示主语所具有的特征，即解释主语“怎么样”。
His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对自己母亲的关爱很感人。
His words are very encouraging. 他的话很鼓舞人心。
定向练2
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.What he said is ___________ （convince）， so we can trust him.
convincing
2.The news is ___________ （astonish）; we were all __________ （astonish） at it.
astonishing
astonished
3.His greatest happiness is _________ （climb） up the hill to watch the setting sun.
climbing
4.Our duty is _______________ （serve） the people heart and soul.
serving / to serve
3 动词的-ed形式作表语
（1）动词的-ed形式作表语常表示主语的状态。需要注意的是，有时候并无完成或被动之意，而是表示主语的状态或感受。作表语的过去分词基本上都已经形容词化，通常译为“感到……的”。
Having heard the encouraging words, that boy was encouraged. 听完这些振奋人心的话，那个男孩受到了鼓舞。
特别注意
少数不及物动词（如go）的过去分词也能作表语,但它们不表示被动意义,只表示动作已完成。
They are gone for vacation. 他们度假去了。
（2）动词的-ed 形式作表语通常放在系动词后面。最常见的系动词就是be， 除此之外还有become， turn， get, grow, seem, appear, remain, sound, look, feel, taste, smell等。
You seem frightened. 你看样子受了惊吓。
She felt so amused after reading an amusing story. 她读了一个有趣的故事后感到很开心。
特别注意
动词的-ed形式作表语和动词的-ing形式作表语的区别:及物动词的-ed形式作表语表示“感到……的”，而-ing形式表示“令人……的”。常见的这类词有： interesting有趣的/interested感兴趣的； exciting令人激动的 / excited感到激动的； disappointing令人失望的 / disappointed感到失望的； encouraging令人鼓舞的 / encouraged受鼓舞的； pleasing令人愉快的 / pleased感到愉快的； puzzling令人费解的 / puzzled感到费解的； satisfying令人满意的 / satisfied感到满意的； surprising令人惊讶的 / surprised感到惊讶的； worrying令人担心的 / worried感到担心的。
定向练3
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ______ （sweep） into a pile of kitchen
rubbish and was spread out over the garden.
swept
[解析] 句意为：帕尔森和她的丈夫现在认为，那枚戒指很有可能被清扫到了厨房的一堆垃圾里，然后被散落在花园里。由句意可知，the ring与sweep之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词swept。此处get被用来代替助动词be和过去分词连用，构成被动语态。
2.While waiting for the opportunity to get _________ （promote）, Henry did his best to perform his
duty.
promoted
[解析] 句意为：在等待升职机会的时候，亨利尽力做好自己的本职工作。本题考查非谓语动词。promote与其逻辑主语Henry之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词promoted。此处为“get+过去分词”形式。
3.What he has done is really _____________ （disappoint）. Now his parents are ____________
（disappoint） with him.
disappointing
disappointed
[解析] 句意为：他的所作所为真是令人失望。现在他的父母对他感到很失望。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。第一空表示“令人失望的”，用现在分词disappointing；第二空表示“感到失望的”，用过去分词disappointed。
4.Word came that the audience were not ________ （satisfy） with the commercial performance.
satisfied
[解析] 句意为：有消息称，观众对这次商业演出不满意。
5.All of us were ________ （puzzle） by the question _______ （raise） by a six-year-old boy.
puzzled
raised
[解析] 句意为：我们都被一个六岁男孩提出的问题难住了。-ed形式的动词修饰人，故第一空填puzzled；question与raise之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故第二空用过去分词作后置定语。
6.The manager was so ____________ （disappoint） at all that Hill was doing that he walked out of the
office angrily.
disappointed
[解析] 句意为：经理对希尔做的所有事情如此失望，以至于他愤怒地走出了办公室。(共29张PPT)
Unit 4
Meeting the muse
Period Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
敲黑板
1. 课时任务：理解与艺术家相关的文章内容，了解三位艺术家在生活中寻找灵感的故事，从而引发对生活的感悟，激发艺术灵感。
2. 语篇导读：文章介绍了弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼、谭盾、杨丽萍三位不同领域的艺术家的优秀作品背后的故事，阐述了生活对艺术创作的重要性。
3. 语言知识：inspiration, compose, grateful, pass down, whose引导定语从句，“感官动词（短语）+宾语+宾语补足语” 结构等。
Pablo Picasso 毕加索，西班牙画家，代表作《格尔尼卡》（Guernica）
Picasso painted mostly from imagination or memory, and he preferred to paint individuals whose lives had impacted his own. Guernica is probably Picasso's most famous work. It shows the tragedies of war and has gained a monumental （不朽的） status, becoming the embodiment （化身） of peace.
Vincent van Gogh 凡·高，荷兰后印象派画家，代表作《星月夜》（The Starry Night）
Vincent van Gogh, one of the most well-known post-impressionist artists, for whom colour was the chief symbol of expression. Van Gogh strove to be a painter of rural life and nature, and he believed that power existed behind the natural. His beliefs allowed him to create paintings that are filled with symbolism.
Claude Monet 莫奈，法国印象派画家，代表作《日出·印象》（Impression, Sunrise）
When Monet travelled to Paris to visit the Louvre, he saw painters copying from other painters of skill. Monet would instead go and sit by a window and paint what he saw. He thought in terms of colours and shapes rather than scenes and objects. Monet has been described as “the driving force behind impressionism”.
必刷词汇
1.quote n. （=_________）____________ v. ____________
quotation
引文，引语
引用；引述
2.Dutch adj. __________________
荷兰的，荷兰人的
3.folk adj. ________________
民间的，民俗的
4.crouch v. ____________联想 Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon______________
蹲下；蹲伏
《卧虎藏龙》
5.peacock n. ____________
（雄）孔雀
6.ethnic adj. ______________________________
民族的；种族的;具有民族特色的
7.float v. ________派 floating adj. __________________
浮，漂
不固定的，浮动的
8.compose v. ________________ 派 ①composition n. __________________②composer n. ________
作（曲）；组成
作曲；组成；构成
作曲家
9.princess n. ______ 联想 prince n. ______
公主
王子
10.tale n. ______搭配 ①folk tale __________ ②fairy tale __________
故事
民间故事
童话故事
11.motion n. __________ 搭配 set… in motion ____________
动，运动
使……开始
12.______ ____ 使显现；使表现出
bring
out
核心词汇
One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children's toys. 他寻找灵感的一种方法是关注他孩子的玩具。 教材P51
1 inspiration n.［U］灵感 ［C］启发灵感的人（或事物）；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. 对于西方设计师来说，中国及其丰富的文化长久以来一直是西方创意的灵感来源。［课标全国Ⅲ］
&1& draw inspiration from… 从……中获取灵感
a source of inspiration灵感的源泉
Many poets and artists have drawn their inspiration from nature. 许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得灵感。
&2& ①inspire vt. 鼓舞，激励；激发；赋予灵感
inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. 演员们以热情鼓舞着孩子们。
His superb play inspired the team to get a thrilling 5-0 win. 他的出色表现使球队士气大振，以5比0大获全胜。
②inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
③inspired adj. 卓越的；激动人心的
定向练1
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He gave me the __________ （inspire） to pick up my pen.
inspiration
[解析] 句意为：他给了我写作的灵感。设空前有定冠词the，且设空处作谓语动词gave的直接宾语，故应用名词形式，表示“灵感”，故填inspiration。
2.________ （inspire） by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to study even harder.
Inspired
[解析] 句意为：受到演讲的鼓舞，小女孩决心更加努力地学习。inspire与主语the little girl之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作原因状语。
3.Dreams can be a rich source of __________ （inspire） for an artist.
inspiration
[解析] 句意为：梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。此处作of的宾语，应用名词形式。
4.By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children _______ （put） on their own productions.
to put
[解析] 句意为：演员们希望通过访问学校激励孩子们演出自己的作品。inspire sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，故此处填动词不定式。
5.With my mother's _________ （inspire） words in my mind, I never doubt I'll succeed.
inspiring
[解析] 句意为：铭记着母亲那鼓舞人心的话，我从不怀疑自己会成功。
Hofman's inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations. 霍夫曼创作《浮鱼》的灵感来自代代相传的中国民间故事。 教材P51
2 pass down 把……往下传（= hand down）
She wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she has learnt to other kids when she grows up. 她长大后想成为一名体操教练，把她的所学传授给其他孩子。
释义·理解
pass down
to give or teach sth to your children or people younger than you
&3& 含有pass的其他常用搭配
①pass... on 传递……；将……传给……
I pass the valuable lesson on to the people who study in the market. 我把这个宝贵的教训传递给那些在市场上学习的人。
②pass by 经过（……旁边）；（时间）过去；发生但未影响（某人/某事）
She felt that life was passing her by. 她觉得自己未受到生活的眷顾。
③pass away （委婉语）亡故,去世
He had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away. 他没有自己的孩子,大多数亲人也已过世。
④pass through 经过；路过；穿过
We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind. 我们穿过几道门进了后面的院子。
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.Three hours passing ____, I became more and more impatient.
by
[解析] 句意为：三个小时过去了，我越来越不耐烦了。
2.His grandfather unfortunately passed ______ last year due to cancer.
away
[解析] 句意为：他的祖父去年因癌症不幸去世。
3.Many old stories were passed ______ from generation to generation.
down
[解析] 句意为：许多古老的故事是一代一代传下来的。
4.Every day he would stand there waiting for the postman to pass ____.
by
[解析] 句意为：他每天都站在那儿等邮递员经过。
5.Researchers have found that math teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass ____
their worry to pupils.
on
[解析] 句意为：研究人员发现，对教授数学这门课感到紧张的数学老师会把他们的担忧传递给学生。
6.We should stay alert when passing ________ the forest at night.
through
[解析] 句意为：我们晚上穿过森林时应该保持警惕。
He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 他曾为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008年北京奥运会创作音乐，并因此广为人知。 教材P51
3 compose vt.&vi.作（曲） vt.构成（不用于进行时）
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before his death. 莫扎特去世前不久创作了他的最后一部歌剧。
释义·理解
compose
①to write music
②to combine together to form sth
&4& be composed of （=be comprised of=be made up of=consist of）由……组成/构成
What's water composed of 水是由什么构成的
&5& compose vt. 使镇静；使平静
Lynn took several deep breaths to compose herself. 林恩深深吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
&6& ①composition n. 组成,构成;创作；作曲;作文；作品
He is good at the composition of short stories. 他擅长写短篇小说。
②composer n. 作曲家
John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. 约翰·列侬和保罗·麦卡特尼被评为年度作曲家。
定向练3
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Life is composed ___ not only sunshine but also storms.
of
[解析] 句意为：生活中不仅有阳光，也有暴风雨。
2.The ____________ （compose） is the most difficult part for some primary school students.
composition
[解析] 句意为：作文对一些小学生来说是最难的部分。
3.As is known to us all, Beethoven is one of the greatest __________ （compose） in the world.
composers
[解析] 句意为：众所周知，贝多芬是世界上最伟大的作曲家之一。
二、一句多译。
委员会由十人组成。
①_________________________________
Ten people compose the committee.
②_______________________________________
The committee is composed of ten people.
③_______________________________________
The committee is comprised of ten people.
④______________________________________
The committee is made up of ten people.
⑤___________________________________
The committee consists of ten people.
“I feel very grateful for the years in Xishuangbanna,” says Yang. “我很感谢在西双版纳度过的岁月,”杨丽萍说。教材P52
4 grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的
Kate gave him a . .grateful smile. 凯特感激地对他笑了笑。
&7& be grateful to sb for sth 为某事感谢某人
be grateful that... 感激……
I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help. 我非常感激所有老师的帮助。
He was grateful that she didn't tell his parents about the incident. 他感激她未将此事告诉他的父母。
&8& ①gratitude n. 感激（之情）
in gratitude for... 为了感谢……
②gratefully adv. 感激地
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.All donations will be received __________ （grateful）.
gratefully
2.We are very grateful to you ____ what you did for us.
for
3.I'm so grateful ___ all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
to
4.He smiled at him with _________ （grateful）.
gratitude
5.She was presented with the gift in _________ （grateful） for her long service.
gratitude
1
【句意】弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，其创作的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。教材P51
&9& whose引导定语从句
whose引导定语从句时在句中作定语，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。whose在从句中多指人，也可指物，可用of which / whom代替，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which / whom=of which / whom+the+名词。
I have a strong desire to visit the old castle, whose door is painted red. 我很想去参观那个古堡，它的大门被漆成了红色。
It was a meeting whose importance I didn't realise at the time. 我当时没有意识到那次会议的重要性。
The novel whose title is The Red and the Black is very interesting. = The novel, the title of which is The Red and the Black, is very interesting. = The novel, of which the title is The Red and the Black, is very intersting. 名为《红与黑》的那部小说很有趣。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 这就是在大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
定向练1
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
They rushed over to help the man __________________________.
whose car had broken down
2.这本书以那些生活受到（地震）影响的人的视角来讲述地震故事。
The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________________________.
whose lives were affected
2
【句意】在镇上漫步和逗留期间,我看到人们给鱼喂食。
教材P51
&10& “感官动词（短语）+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
see, watch, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, smell等感官动词可用于“感官动词（短语）+宾语+宾补”复合结构。其用法如下：
①后接不带to的不定式（短语）作宾补时，强调动作的整个过程或动作经常发生。
②后接现在分词作宾补时，强调动作正在进行。
③后接过去分词作宾补时，表示与宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系。
I saw him finish his homework. 我看见他完成了作业。
I saw him doing his homework. 我看见他正在做作业。
He saw the boy knocked down by a truck. 他看到那个小男孩被一辆卡车撞倒。
特别注意 感官动词用于被动语态时，作宾语补足语的不定式需还原不定式符号to。
He was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed. 有人看见他在案发时间前后进入那栋建筑物。
定向练2
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I hear someone _______ （knock） at the door three times.
knock
2.When I passed the window, I noticed him ________ （chat） with his neighbours.
chatting
3.The dark-haired man was seen _________ （leave） the house.
to leave
4.Everyone would like to see the plan _______ （carry） out as soon as possible.
carried
5.I saw the boy ____________ （teach） how to operate the machine by his partner when I passed by.
being taught
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.每当我晨练的时候都会看到那个男孩子在练习说英语。
I always see the boy ________ _________ ________ when I take exercise in the morning.
practise
speaking
English
2.我看到一个可爱的小女孩正在追逐蝴蝶。
I saw a cute girl ________ butterflies.
chasing(共30张PPT)
Unit 4
Meeting the muse
Period Ⅲ
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
敲黑板
1. 语言知识：rather, accessible, whatever引导的让步状语从句，way后接定语从句的用法。
2. 语言技能：学会写正式邀请信；能够描述日常生活中的艺术形式。
必刷词汇
1.literally adv. ______________
根据字面意思
2.animation n. __________________
动画片；动画制作
3.innovation n. ____________
革新，创新
4.Greek adj. __________________联想 Greece n. ______
希腊的；希腊人的
希腊
5.__________ n. 巧匠；技师 联想 ①__________ n. 技巧②_________ adj. 技术（性）的
technician
technique
technical
6.________ adj. 清晰的；明显不同的 派 __________ n. 差别；优秀；特质
搭配 ____ ________ ______ 与……不同
distinct
distinction
be
distinct
from
核心词汇
Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians”. 然而，米开朗琪罗等人都被称作“艺术家”，而非“巧匠”。教材P58
1 rather adv.
①相当；颇
She fell and hurt her leg rather badly. 她跌倒了，腿伤得相当严重。
② 相反，反而
It's not cold. Rather, it's very hot. 天气不冷，反倒很热。
&1& ①rather than 而不是
I'd like to have a cold drink . .rather than coffee. 我想要冷饮，而不是咖啡。
注意：rather than连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词的数通常与前面的主语保持一致。
You rather than I are responsible for the lost of your reputation. 是你而不是我要为你的名誉损失负责。
②or rather 更确切地说
He worked till late last night, or rather, early this morning. 他昨晚一直工作到深夜，更确切地说，是到今天凌晨。
③would rather do... than do... 宁愿/宁可做……也不做……
She would rather die than give up. 她宁愿死也不愿意放弃。
④not... but rather... 不是……而是……
特别注意
would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的情况的假设；用过去完成时表示与过去的事实相反的情况。
I would rather you hadn't told my mother the truth. 我宁愿你没有告诉我妈妈真相。
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.She worked as a secretary, ___ rather, a personal assistant.
or
[解析] 句意为：她当过秘书，更确切地说，是私人助理。
2.The walls were not white, but ______ a sort of dirty grey.
rather
[解析] 句意为：墙壁不是白色的，而是灰不溜秋的。
3.You need to ask for help rather _____ try to do it on your own.
than
[解析] 句意为：你需要寻求帮助，而不是试图自己做。
4.I'd rather ______ （study） history than geography because I can learn a lot from historical figures.
study
[解析] 句意为：我宁愿学习历史而不是地理，因为我能从历史人物那里学到很多东西。
5.I would rather you _____________ （inform） me of the result earlier.
had informed
[解析] 句意为：我宁愿你早些时候告诉了我结果。
6.A pen rather than some books ___ （be） on the floor now.
is
[解析] 句意为：现在在地板上的是一支钢笔而不是一些书。
Now art is more accessible to us than ever before. 现在我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触到艺术。
教材P59
2 accessible adj.可到达的；可进入的；可接近的；可使用的；易懂的
The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter. 只有乘直升机才能进入那遥远的荒漠地区。
&2& accessible to... 对……来说可得到的/易懂的/可使用的
The programme makes science more accessible to young people. 这个项目使年轻人更容易了解科学。
&3& access
n. 通道；通路；机会，权利
have / get access to... 有……可以使用；有机会接触……
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. 许多车站都有从停车场或入口到车站站台的轮椅通道。［2020课标全国Ⅰ］
Students must have access to good resources. 学生们必须有机会使用好的资源。
v. 到达；进入；使用
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. 我们从南门登上城墙。［2021全国甲］
The World Wide Web is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet. 万维网是一个计算机网络，它让计算机用户通过因特网访获取百万个网站上的信息。
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Both males and females should have equal access ___ education and job opportunities.
to
[解析] 句意为：男女都应享有平等的受教育机会和就业机会。
2.These bicycles are accessible ___ all residents, but they are not for sale.
to
[解析] 句意为：所有居民都可以使用这些自行车，但它们不出售。
3.Her poems are __________ （access） to young children.
accessible
[解析] 句意为：她的诗小孩子能读懂。
Hurry up! Access card! Get the access card! 快点！门禁卡！快拿门禁卡！——《速度与激情5》
1
【句意】无论你的看法如何，人们数千年来一直用艺术表达自己的思想和想法。
教材P58
&4& whatever引导的让步状语从句
whatever引导让步状语从句，后接名词短语，该从句省略了谓语动词。whatever引导让步状语从句时可替换为no matter what。
Whatever your opinion, I will not change my idea. 无论你的看法如何，我都不会改变主意。
Whatever/no matter what difficulties we may meet, we'll finish the task on time. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都会准时完成任务。
①whatever 还可以引导名词性从句。
At that age, I always did something opposite to whatever my parents did. 在那个年龄，我总是做些和父母所做的相反的事情。（whatever引导宾语从句）
②whatever 也可用于疑问句中加强语气，意为“究竟是什么”，相当于what on earth。
Whatever does he mean 他究竟是什么意思？
定向练1
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.无论以怎样的形式接触优秀的文学作品，都会激发创造力。
Being exposed to great works of literature, ________________, can inspire creativity.
in whatever form
2.无论他说什么，我们的安排都不会因此产生影响。
_________________ will not make any difference to our arrangements.
Whatever he says
3.无论你和他人是什么样的关系，你都要把你的善意和理解传达给每个人。
_____________________________________________, try to extend to each person all your kindness and
understanding.
Whatever the relationship between you and others
2
【句意】最近的一个项目利用科技和数据还原了伦勃朗的绘画方式。
教材P60
&5& way后接定语从句的用法
way表示“方式，方法，途径”作先行词时，若关系词在定语从句中作宾语，则用关系词that/which引导定语从句，关系词可省略；若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用that/in which引导定语从句，关系词同样可以省略。
What is most significant is the way （that/in which） people have worked in harmony with nature.
最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。
Can you think of a way （that/which） he will agree with 你能想一个他会赞同的方法吗？
I like the way you've done your hair. 我喜欢你头发的样式。
定向练2
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I don't like the way __________ he thought of _________ （solve） the problem.
that/which
to solve
2.You can see the way _____ his mind works when you read his books.
that
二、翻译句子。
1.你想的方法不够好。
_______________________________________________________
The way （that/which） you think of/up is not good enough.
2.我不喜欢他用那种方式来嘲笑我。
____________________________________________________
I don't like the way （that/in which） he laughed at me.
写作仿 写邀请信
文体分析
1. 文体介绍
邀请信是人们在日常生活、学习和工作中经常使用的一种应用文体，要求简短、言辞热情，给受邀者真诚、亲切的感觉。邀请信通常以第一、二人称来写，内容言简意赅，正文需根据所要表达的中心思想分段，每段文字不要过长，开头和结尾以简短为宜。
2. 篇章结构
第一部分：一般开门见山，礼貌而友好地发出邀请；
第二部分：通常包括活动的内容（晚会、晚餐、一般的聚会、主题活动等）、时间和地点，有时也可以告诉对方受邀的人员等；
第三部分：表示感谢，希望对方回复或希望对方按时参加。
素材储备
1. 常用表达
I am writing to invite you to... 我写信是想邀请您……
It is my pleasure to invite you to... 非常荣幸地邀请您……
My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come. 如果您能来，我的家人和我都将备感荣幸。
As is scheduled, ...is to be held from... to... in... 按照计划，……将在……到……（时间段）在……（地点）举行。
I'm looking forward to seeing you. 我很期待见到您。
We are longing to hear from you. 我们渴望收到您的来信。
We are looking forward to your coming with great pleasure. 我们高兴地期待着您的到来。
I hope you're not too busy to come. 我盼望您在百忙之中光临。
Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience. 是否参加，请早日告知。
Be sure to come here on time. 请确保按时到达。
2. 写作模板
Dear ____,
How is everything going with you I am writing to tell you that there will be a ___ （内容） at / in ___（地点） on ___（日期）. We would be honoured/delighted to have you there with us.
As I know, you are interested in / fond of / crazy about ___ （内容）. At the ___（内容）, you will enjoy / see… Besides/In addition to doing sth, you can also relax yourself / broaden your horizons / enrich your life. I am sure / do believe you will have a great time / enjoy yourself.
I hope that you will accept my invitation if it's convenient for you. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
___
句子仿写
1.史密斯教授的讲座将于下月开展。（非谓语作定语）
_____________________________________________________________
The lecture given by Professor Smith is to/will be held next month.
2.我写信是想邀请您参加该讲座。
____________________________________________
I am writing to invite you to attend the lecture.
3.如果你能来参加这个讲座，我将倍感荣幸。（if）
______________________________________________
I will be honoured if you could attend the lecture.
4.用with复合结构合并句1和句2。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__
With the lecture given by Professor Smith to be held next month, I am writing to invite you to attend it.
模拟演练
假定你是李华，你校邀请了著名书法家沈鹏近日到校举行书法讲座。得知你的外教David对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你给David发一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加讲座，并向他介绍讲座的相关事宜。
1. 讲座时间：5月15日（星期日）上午8:00—11:00；
2. 讲座地点：艺术楼演讲大厅；
3. 活动安排：听讲座、讨论、观摩名家即兴创作等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：书法calligraphy；即兴创作improvise
Dear David,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【思路引导】
Dear David,
I'm writing to invite you to the lecture on Chinese calligraphy which is the art of writing Chinese characters.
The lecture will be given by Shen Peng, a famous calligrapher, in the lecture hall of the Art Building on May 15th this Sunday. As far as I know, you are interested in the traditional Chinese culture, and I'm sure you will enjoy it.
The lecture will last from 8 am to 11 am, mainly consisting of three parts: one and a half hours' listening to the lecture, half an hour's discussion and one hour for observing the calligrapher improvising on the spot.
I will be very glad if you come. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
请总结你学到的有用表达：
【高级词汇】
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【高级句式】
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
