外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 知识·技能·考试课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
Unit 6
Nurturing nature
知识·技能·考试
戳考点本单元高频考点：
1. involve 2. apply 3. favour
1.involve
involve在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查involve的非谓语形式；②考查固定搭配be / get involved in，意为“参与……”。
例1 [福建福州2023高三月考] During the six-month journey in the space station, the crew confirmed key
technologies for the construction of the space station, _________ （involve） in-orbit transposition of
spacecraft and robotic arm operation of heavy loads.
involving
[解析] 句意为：在6个月的空间站之旅中，这名宇航员确认了空间站建设的关键技术，包括航天器在轨换位和机械臂操作重载荷。分析句子可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，technologies和involve之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故填involving。
例2 [山东师范大学附属中学2023高二期末] As well as studying hard, she got actively _________
（involve） in social activities.
involved
[解析] get involved in... 意为“参与……”。
2.apply
apply在语法填空中常考查：①词性转换，其名词形式为application，意为“应用；申请（书）”；②固定搭配apply for，意为“申请”。
例1 [北京2022·改编] Shortly after I received his invitation，___________ （apply） to join the Youth
for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school.
applications
[解析] 设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语动词were可知，应填名词的复数形式。
例2 You can also apply ____ a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry.
for
[解析] 句意为：你也可以申请与你想要从事的行业有关的非正式职位。apply for 意为“申请”。
3.favour
（1）favour在语法填空中常考查：①词性转换，其形容词favourable意为“赞同的；有利的”；②固定搭配do sb a favour以及in favour of。
例1 [广东揭阳2023高二月考·改编] This new mayor has taken many measures __________ （favour）
to the people since he came to power.
favourable
例2 As I moved on, he also stopped me and asked whether I would do him ___ favour to start his car
as his battery had died.
a
例3 In my view, I am greatly in favour ___ this activity.
of
（2）favour在完形填空中的考法涉及：考查对其词义的把握及固定搭配do sb a favour。
例4 Even if I tried to explain that I was doing the girl a（n） ___, I am sure she continued to believe
that I had cheated on the test.
B
A.hand B.favour C.present D.assistance
时文领读
主题：人与自然——人与环境、人与动植物
体裁：说明文
词数：291
难度：中
阅读用时：7分钟
背景导入：本文介绍了环境保护、资源的种类以及人与环境保护之间的关系。有些资源是可再生资源，比如动植物，但是可再生资源也可能被破坏。有些资源是不可再生资源，比如煤和石油这些化石燃料；人们可以通过谨慎使用它们来保护这些不可再生资源。同时，人们也可以寻找其他的资源来替代它们。环境保护很难,因为它需要人们放弃一些便利设施，金钱也是一个主要原因。每个人都应该为环境保护贡献自己的力量。
阅读技巧：通过上下文语境猜测词义；通过关键词总结文章大意、概括文章标题。
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
found in nature为 过去分词短语作后 置定语 who引导定语从 句，在定语从句中 作主语，先行词为 People Conservation① is the protection of things found in nature. It requires the sensible② use of all Earth's natural resources. People who care about conservation try to protect natural resources so that they will still be around in the future. 段落大意第一段引出文章的主题词
conservation。
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
because引导原因状 语从句 If引导条件状语从 句 die out灭绝；消失 Some resources are renewable. Living things, such as plants and animals, are examples of renewable resources because they can reproduce themselves. But renewable resources can still be damaged or destroyed. For example, people might catch too many of one type of fish. If not enough fish are left to reproduce, that type of fish might die out. Conservation helps people keep renewable resources in good supply. 段落大意第二段介绍可再生资源及其保
护。
词义猜测What does the underlined
word “renewable” probably mean
从画线词所在句后一句话中的because
they can reproduce themselves可知，画
线词表示“可再生的”。
续表
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
which引导非限制 性定语从句，在从 句中作主语，指代 前面整个主句 that引导定语从 句，在从句中作主 语 Some resources are non-renewable③, which means they cannot be replaced. Fossil fuels, such as coal and oil are examples of non-renewable resources. People can conserve non-renewable resources by using them carefully. They can also look for other resources that serve the same purpose. 段落大意第三段介绍不可再生资源及其
保护。
续表
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
require sb to do sth需要某人做某事 give up 放弃 To have cleaner air为不定式短语作 目的状语 get used to 习惯 于 Conservation can be hard because it may require people to give up some conveniences. For example, cars make travel easy, but they also produce a lot of air pollution. To have cleaner air, people can choose to drive less and walk more. Such changes can be hard when people have got used to a certain way of living. 段落大意第四段讲述资源保护的困难，
首先是需要人们放弃一些便利设施。
续表
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
why引导定语从 句，先行词为 reason be willing to do sth愿意做某事 Money is another reason why conservation can be a challenge. For example, a timber （木材） company might be able to protect forest animals by limiting the number of trees it cuts. But the company might not be willing to do this because it will make less money. 段落大意第五段讲述保护环境的困难之
二是金钱。
续表
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
contribute to 有助 于;对……作出贡献 （to为介词） in one way or another 以各种方 式 that引导定语从 句，在从句中作主 语 Everyone can contribute to conservation in one way or another. People can recycle④ paper, glass, and other materials. Industries can limit the amount of pollution they create. Government canmake laws that help to keep the air and water clean. 段落大意第六段介绍人们可以通过各种
方式来保护环境。
主旨大意What can be the best title for
the text
A. What is Conversation
B. Conversation: A Hard but Must Task
C. Giving in to Conversation
续表
知识点击 原文 结构分析·阅读技巧
①conservation n. （对自然环境的）保护 ②sensible adj. 明智的；合理的 ③non-renewable adj. 不可再生的 ④recycle v. 回收利用 文章第一段提出Conversation这一关键信
息；中间段落介绍了环境保护以及环境
保护方面的困难；最后一段介绍了人们
可以使用多种方式保护环境。由此可知
本文主要说明了环境保护虽然面临许多
困难，但人们可以用自己的方式参与其
中，故B项最适合作为本文的标题。A
项和C项均概括不全面。
续表
【译文】
环境保护指的是保护大自然中的事物。这需要合理利用地球上所有的自然资源。关注环境保护的人尽力去保护自然资源，以便这些自然资源未来也仍然存在。
一些资源是可再生的。比如动植物这样的生物就属于可再生资源，因为它们自己可以繁殖。但是可再生资源也可能被破坏或毁灭。例如，人们可能过度捕捞同一种鱼。如果没有留下足够的鱼去繁殖，该种类的鱼就有可能灭绝。环境保护帮助人们维持可再生资源的良好的供应量。
一些资源是不可再生的，这意味着它们不可替代。煤和石油等化石燃料就属于不可再生资源。人们可以通过谨慎使用它们来保护不可再生资源。人们也可以寻找其他起到相同作用的资源。
环境保护十分困难，因为这可能需要人们放弃一些便利设施。例如，汽车使出行变得容易，但它们也造成了大量的空气污染。为了拥有更清洁的空气，人们可以选择少开车，多走路。当人们已经习惯了某种生活方式时，这些改变可能会很难。
金钱是环境保护成为挑战的另一个原因。例如，一家木材公司或许可以通过限制砍伐树木的数量来保护森林动物。但该公司可能不愿意这样做，因为这样会使赚的钱变少。
每个人都可以通过各种方式为环境保护作出贡献。人们可以回收利用纸张、玻璃和其他材料。不同行业可以限制它们所制造的污染量。政府可以制定法律来帮助保持空气和水的洁净。
真题展示
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·C篇] When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl （水禽） were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat （栖息地）.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act （Act）, an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory （迁徙的） waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J. N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
【语篇导读】由于大量探险家和定居者的到来，北美水禽被大量捕杀，且其栖息地遭到严重破坏，为此政府于1934年通过法案以防止对野生动物和湿地的破坏，并取得明显成效。
1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America ( )
A
A.Loss of wetlands. B.Popularity of water sports.
C.Pollution of rivers. D.Arrival of other wild animals.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters… Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to… greatly reducing waterfowl habitat. 可知，猎人的捕杀和湿地变干导致的栖息地的减少是水禽数量减少的重要原因。
2.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph ( )
C
A.Acquire. B.Export. C.Destroy. D.Distribute.
[解析] 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知，大量水禽被捕杀，且随着居住人口的增加，大量湿地变干，水禽的栖息地也随之大大减少，从而导致了水禽数量减少。因此，此处指那些探险家和定居者毁坏了很多的自然资源。destroy意为“毁灭；破坏”，与画线词意思相近。
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934 ( )
D
A.The stamp price has gone down. B.The migratory birds have flown away.
C.The hunters have stopped hunting. D.The government has collected money.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes… Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat和倒数第二句Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. 可知，自1934年通过该法案以来，政府已募集了很多资金。
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text ( )
A
A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story B.The National Wildlife Refuge System
C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
[解析] 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了北美水禽等野生动物遭遇猎杀及其栖息地被破坏后，政府通过一项法案以防止破坏的继续发生，并取得了明显成效。文章第二、三段介绍了联邦鸭票的起源、具体做法及成效，尤其是文章第三段最后一句，起到了点题的作用。故A项（联邦鸭票的故事）适合作本文标题。
【微技能】归纳文章标题的解题技巧
（1）浏览文章，了解文章的体裁、写作结构等信息。
（2）结合文章特点，浏览文章开头和结尾，快速定位文章主旨句所在的位置。一般来说，说明文的主旨句通常在开头或结尾处；议论文的主旨通常为其中心论点；记叙文可能没有明显的主旨句，但可能通过重复某一关键信息来体现主旨。结合文体特征，可快速找到文章主旨句所在的位置。
（3）阅读文章各段内容，寻找与主题相关的关键词。
（4）仔细推敲选项，排除与具体细节和事实相关的选项，排除明显错误或存在无关信息的选项，从而选出正确答案。