(共49张PPT)
Unit 6
Nurturing nature
Period Ⅲ
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
敲黑板
1. 语言知识：applicant, favour, advertise, preference, qualification, in favour of, be made up of, under threat, 动词不定式（短语）作定语， not… but… 结构，“情态动词+have done”结构的用法，what引导名词性从句等。
2. 语言技能：能够通过语篇中的过渡词了解各段落之间的逻辑关系；学会写招聘广告；能针对有关自然的话题展开辩论。
必刷词汇
1.via prep. ____________________________________________
通过（某人、某机器等）传送（某物）；借助于
2.genuine adj. ______________
真的，真正的
3.waist n. __________
腰，腰部
4._________ n. 申请者；候选人
candidate
5._______ n. 薪金，工资
salary
6._______ n. 支持，赞同；恩惠 v. 较喜欢
派①_________ adj. 最喜欢的 ②__________ adj. 赞同的；有利的；讨人喜欢的
搭配 ___ _______ ___ 支持，赞同
favour
favourite
favourable
in
favour
of
7._________ v. （为……）做广告（宣传）
派 _____________ n. 广告
advertise
advertisement
8.negotiable adj. __________
联想 ①___________ n. 协商；谈判②_________ vt. 商定；达成（协议） vi. 谈判；协商
可协商的
negotiation
negotiate
9._________ n. 申请人
联想 ①______ v. 申请；应用；涂②___________ n. 申请（书）；应用；涂抹
搭配 ①______ ____ 申请②_____... ___... 将……应用于……
applicant
apply
application
apply
for
apply
to
10.__________ n. 优先（权）
联想 _______ v. 更喜欢搭配 _______ sb / sth ___ sb / sth 喜欢某人/某物多于某人 / 某物
preference
prefer
prefer
to
11.____________ n. 技能条件，资格
联想 ①_______ v. （使）有资格 ②_________ adj. 合格的;胜任的
搭配 ____ _________ ____ 具备……的资格；能胜任……
qualification
qualify
qualified
be
qualified
for
12.____ ______ ____ ___ 由……组成
be
made
up
of
13.______ ______ 受到威胁
under
threat
核心词汇
Out of the thousands of applicants, eleven were selected, including a young woman from China. 在成千上万名应聘者中，有十一人入选，其中包括一名年轻的中国女孩。
教材P91
1 applicant n. 申请人
Many applicants applied for the well-paid job, but none of them were accepted by the company. 很多求职者都申请了这份高薪工作，但他们都没有被这家公司录用。
释义·理解
apply
①to make a formal request
②to use sth
③to put sth onto a surface
④to work at sth or study sth very hard
⑤to have an effect on sth
&1& ①apply vi. 申请；请求 vt. 应用；运用；敷；涂 vi. & vt. （对……）适用
apply （to sb） for sth （向某人）申请某物
apply to do sth 请求/申请做某事
apply oneself to （doing） sth 专心致志于（做）某事
apply to... 对……适用
apply sth to sth 把某物运用到某物上/把某物涂在某物上
I should apply for the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. 如果我是你的话，我一定去申请这个职位。我认为你大有希望。
Over the next months, he applied himself to improving the technique. 在接下来的几个月里，他专心致志地改进技术。
What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。
He applied some medicine to Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess. 他在杰夫的手上涂了一些药，然后开始帮他们收拾残局。
②application n. 申请（书）；应用；应用软件（app）
Letters of application must be handwritten. 申请信必须手写。
定向练1
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.With the ___________ （apply） of 5G technology, profound changes come in almost all fields
throughout the world.
application
[解析] 句意为：随着5G技术的应用，全世界几乎所有领域都发生了巨大的变化。空前有定冠词the，空后有介词of，故此处应用名词形式。
2.While applying ____ a job, you should highlight the parts of your work experience in your resume.
for
[解析] 句意为：在求职时，你应该强调你简历中的工作经验部分。
3.What you have said are old rules and they don't apply ___ the students nowadays any more.
to
[解析] 句意为：你说的都是老规矩，如今已经不再适用于学生了。
4.Only __________ （apply） with the proper qualifications will be considered by the company.
applicants
[解析] 句意为：本公司只会考虑具备合格资质的申请人。
5.It's high time that we applied ourselves ___ the task of protecting our environment.
to
[解析] 句意为：我们是时候致力于保护环境这项任务了。
二、翻译句子。
1.要申请这个专业，我需要具备哪些资格？（apply for）
____________________________________________________
What qualifications should I have to apply for this major
2.他们可以申请加入该组织。（apply to do）
__________________________________________
They can/could apply to join the organisation.
In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence. 除了写博客、拍照片和撰写有关大堡礁的文章以外，他还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁。
教材P92
2 favour
① n. ［U］支持，赞同；喜爱 ［C］帮助；恩惠；善意的行为
He did all he could to win her favour. 他竭力去博得她的好感。
A favour of a drop of water received should be repaid with a surging spring. 滴水之恩当以涌泉相报。
I would never ask for any favours from her. 我再也不会请她帮任何忙了。
&2& in favour of 支持，赞同
in one's favour 对某人有利
owe sb a favour 欠某人一个人情
return the favour 报答；还人情
ask sb a favour （= ask a favour of sb） 请某人帮忙
do sb a favour （= do a favour for sb） 帮某人一个忙
I'll ask Steve to take it. He owes me a favour. 我要让史蒂夫接受，他欠我一个人情。［《牛津高阶》］
Thanks a lot! I'll return the favour sometime! 多谢！总有一天我会报答你的！
Could you do me a favour and turn off that light 你能帮我个忙把那盏灯关掉吗？
② vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有利于
The current economy does not favour the development of small businesses. 当前的经济对小企业的发展不利。［《朗文当代》］
&3& ①favourable adj. 讨人喜欢的；赞同的；有利的
②favourite adj. 最喜欢的 n. 特别喜爱的人（或事物）
定向练2
一、根据汉语提示补全句子。
1.The manager was surprised to learn that the people present at the meeting were not ___ _______ ___
（支持） the plan.
in
favour
of
[解析] 句意为：经理得知出席会议的人不赞成这个计划，感到很惊讶。
2.I want to ____ ___ _______ ___ _____ （请你帮个忙）. Will you lend me your car
ask
a
favour
of
you
[解析] 句意为：我想请你帮个忙。你能把车借给我吗？
3.Could you ____ ____ ___ _______ （帮我个忙）and pick up Sam from school today
do
me
a
favour
[解析] 句意为：今天你能帮我个忙去学校接一下萨姆吗？
二、翻译句子。
1.目前的形势对我们有利。（in one's favour）
___________________________________
The present situation is in our favour.
2.温暖的气候对多种热带植物的生长有利。（favour）
________________________________________________________________
The warm climate favours the growth of many types of tropical plants.
Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”, but the “busiest job in the world”!本后来开玩笑说，这份工作应该被宣传为“世界上最繁忙的工作”而不是“最好的工作”！
教材P92
3 advertise v. （为……）做广告（宣传）；征聘，公布
Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise a sporting event. 现在要求你制作一幅海报为一项体育赛事做宣传。
&4& advertise for... （在报纸、因特网等上）公布/征聘……
We need to advertise for a sales manager. 我们需要征聘一位销售经理。
&5& ①advertisement n. 广告
②advertiser n. 登广告者;广告商
③advertising n. 广告业
定向练3
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.She is leaving next month, so we must advertise ____ a replacement for her.
for
[解析] 句意为： 她下个月就要离开了，所以我们必须征聘一个替代她的人。
2.Please post up this _____________（advertise）for our concert in your shop window.
advertisement
[解析] 句意为：请把我们音乐会的广告张贴在你们商店的橱窗里。
3.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication is that the __________ （advertise）
pay for the message.
advertisers
[解析] 句意为：广告不同于其他交流形式的原因在于登广告者要为（传递的）信息付费。
All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications. 欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资历者优先。
教材P94
4 preference n.优先（权）；偏爱，偏好；优待
Many elderly people expressed a strong preference to live in their own homes. 许多老年人强烈表示喜欢住在自己的家里。［《朗文当代》］
&6& have a preference for... 对……偏爱；更喜欢……
give （a） preference to... 给……以优惠；优待
Parents should not have a preference for any one of their children. 父母不应该偏爱任何一个孩子。
The activity gives （a） preference to people with disabilities. 该活动优待残疾人士。
&7& prefer vt. （preferred; preferring） 较喜欢；更喜欢
prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb to do sth 更想让某人做某事
I prefer to wear clothes made of natural fibers. 我更喜欢穿天然织物做的衣服。［《朗文当代》］
定向练4
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Many people expressed a strong __________ （prefer） for the plan.
preference
[解析] 句意为：许多人都强烈表示喜欢这项计划。设空处作expressed的宾语，空前有形容词strong修饰且空后有介词for，应用名词形式。
2.I would prefer him ______ （be） with us next season.
to be
[解析] 句意为：我更希望他下一个赛季和我们在一起。prefer sb to do sth意为“更想让某人做某事”。
3.We give preference ___applicants with some experience.
to
[解析] 句意为：我们会优先录用有经验的求职者。give preference to… 意为“优待”。
5 qualification n.资历；资格，技能条件；学历
Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job. 具备一定的护理经验是得到这份工作的一项必要条件。
&8& ①qualify v. （通过考试）取得资格；使合格；达到标准；（使）有资格;（使）有权利；符合；可算作；获得参赛资格
（sb） qualify for... （某人）有……资格/取得……的参赛资格
qualify sb to do sth使某人有资格做某事
He qualified as a doctor last year. 他去年获得了医生资格。
They qualified for the World Cup. 他们取得了世界杯的参赛资格。
The test qualifies you to drive heavy vehicles. 通过这一考试你就有资格驾驶重型车辆。
②qualified adj. （尤指做某项工作）有资格的；合格的；胜任的；有限度的；有保留的；有条件的
be qualified for... 具备……的资格；能胜任……
be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事
Demand has far outstripped the supply of qualified teachers. 有教学资格的教师完全供不应求。
The government has given qualified support to the idea of tightening the legislation. 政府在一定程度上支持了加强立法的观点。
定向练5
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He becomes a _________ （qualify） teacher in school.
qualified
[解析] 句意为：他成为了一名合格的在校老师。
2.Lynn is studying for a business ____________ （qualify） in China and he is ambitious to set up his
own business.
qualification
[解析] 句意为：林恩正在中国攻读工商管理资格证书，他雄心勃勃地想创办自己的企业。
二、翻译句子。
这门基础课程并不能让你获得治疗师（therapist）的从业（practise）资格。（qualify… to…）
__________________________________________________________
This basic course does not qualify you to practise as a therapist.
1
【句意】实际上，这是一种非常聪明的方式，既突显了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了保护它的必要性。
教材P90
&9& 动词不定式（短语）作定语
动词不定式（短语）在句中可用作定语，通常放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后，与其所修饰的名词或代词可能是逻辑上的主动关系、被动关系或同位关系。另外，抽象名词time, way, reason, promise, chance, decision, ability, courage, opportunity, wish, duty等后常接不定式（短语）作定语，用来说明其内容。
He always has a lot of letters to write on Sunday. 在星期日，他总是有很多信要写。
We should have the courage to face difficulties. 我们应该有面对困难的勇气。
特别注意
不要将其与it作形式主语和动词不定式（短语）作真正主语混淆。注意下面的例句： It is a good habit to get up early. 早起是一个好习惯。（It是形式主语,真正的主语是to get up early）
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He broke his promise ________ （write） to his parents regularly.
to write
[解析] 句意为：他违背了定期给父母写信的诺言。本句中动词不定式短语作定语，修饰抽象名词promise。
2.___ is a wise choice to build a house in the countryside.
It
[解析] 句意为：在农村建房是一个明智的选择。本句中动词不定式短语为真正的主语，应用It作形式主语。
3.We are having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ____________ （make） at the meeting will
influence the future of our company.
to be made
[解析] 句意为：半小时后我们要开会。会上做的决定将影响我们公司的未来。本句中设空处作定语修饰decision，make与decision之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示将来的动作，故用不定式的被动形式。
4.It is my duty ________ （help） those who are in need.
to help
[解析] 句意为：帮助那些需要帮助的人是我的责任。本句中It作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
2
【句意】本后来开玩笑说，这份工作应该被宣传为“世界上最繁忙的工作”而不是“最好的工作”！
教材P92
&10& not... but...结构
not... but... 意为“不是……而是……”，连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的形式要和最近的主语保持一致。
Not Tom but his two sisters have been selected as candidates. 不是汤姆而是他的两个姐妹被选为了候选人。（two sisters 离谓语动词最近，所以谓语用复数形式。）
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It is not what you said ____ what you did that matters.
but
[解析] 句意为：重要的不是你说了什么而是你做了什么。该句式为强调句式，not... but... 连接并列成分。
2.Not his teachers but he himself _______ （be） to blame for his failure in the exam.
is / was
[解析] 句意为：他考试不及格的责任不在于他的老师，而在于他自己。not… but… 结构遵循“就近原则”，谓语动词形式应与he保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式。
&11& “情态动词+have done”结构的用法
should have done过去本应该做某事但实际上没做
shouldn't have done 过去本不应该做某事却做了
needn't have done 过去本不必做某事却做了
must have done过去一定做了某事
could have done本来能够做某事但实际上没做;可能已经做了某事
can't have done 过去不可能做了某事
定向练3
根据汉语提示补全句子。
1.I can't find my purse. I __________________________________________ （可能昨天落在超市了），
but I am not sure.
could have left it in the supermarket yesterday
2.____________________________________________（你本应该昨天就交论文的）, but you didn't.
You should have handed in your paper yesterday
3
【句意】而且，人们逐渐意识到环境处于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类可以且必须采取哪些措施来保护大堡礁。
教材P92
&12& what引导名词性从句
what 可以引导名词性从句，如主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句，功能相当于名词，且what在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
What is important in study is diligence rather than intelligence. 学习中重要的是勤奋而不是智力。（What引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语）
Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 几千年来，相比在自然环境中狩猎和采集，他们开始更多地依赖自己饲养的动物和播种的农作物。（what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语）
定向练4
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.______ was once a fishing village has rapidly become a modern city.
What
[解析] 句意为：曾经是一个渔村的地方迅速发展成了一个现代化的城市。What引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。
2.Do you know ______ his address is
what
[解析] 句意为：你知道他的地址吗？what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.你需要的就是时间和金钱。
______ _____ ______ is time and money.
What
you
need
[解析] What引导主语从句，且在从句中作need的宾语。
2.乔纳斯想创办他自己的公司——如果他有钱，那是他想做的事情。
Jonas would like to start his own business—that's ______ ____ ______ ___ ____ if he has money.
what
he
wants
to
do
[解析] what引导表语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语。
3.他已经变成十年前他想成为的样子。
He has become ______ ____ ________ ___ ____ ten years ago.
what
he
wanted
to
be
[解析] what引导表语从句，且在从句中作表语。
写作仿 写招聘广告
文体分析
1. 文体介绍
招聘广告是应用文的一种，主要用来公布招聘信息，为求职者提供关于工作岗位的具体信息。这类文章一般需要客观准确、内容详细，并且能够吸引求职者的注意。
2. 篇章结构
一则英文招聘广告通常由以下几部分组成：
第一部分：招聘单位的名称（一般单独放在第一行）；
第二部分：招聘单位的简介（如公司地点、主要业务等）；
第三部分：招聘的职位：注明具体的空缺职位（如果只有一两个空缺职位，招聘的职位可以用来作招聘广告的标题。例如：Volunteers Are Wanted）；
第四部分：工作的职责：具体说明空缺职位应承担的主要任务，以便让求职者明确自己是否有能力胜任这些工作；
第五部分：应聘的资格及要求；
第六部分：薪资待遇及应聘方式。
素材储备
1. 常用词汇
have a solid foundation in... 在……方面有扎实的基础
be expected to do... 被期望做……
have a good command of熟练掌握，精通
have an opportunity to do... 有机会做……
2. 常用句式
The main responsibilities of the position include / are... 该岗位的主要职责包括 / 是……
The main task is to... 主要任务是……
The applicant should be a native speaker of English. Fluency in Chinese is preferred. 申请人应以英语为母语。中文流利者优先。
If you are accepted, your job mainly involves... 如果您被聘用，您的主要工作包括……
We welcome those who have already acquired some experience in... 我们欢迎那些在……方面已经有一定经验的人。
Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview. 薪资面议。
If you are interested, don't hesitate to contact us by sending your e-mail to... or just call us at... 如果你感兴趣的话，尽管发送邮件到……或拨打……联系我们。
If you are interested, please call... at... for an interview. 如果你有兴趣，请致电……与……面谈。
If you have made up your mind to join us, call us at... and we will arrange an interview with you first. 如果您已决定加入我们，请致电……，我们将首先安排您的面试。
If you're interested in the job, please... soon. 如果你对这份工作感兴趣，请尽快……
句子仿写
1.为了更好地服务学校与学生，学生会需要招聘大量会员。（serve）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________
To / In order to/So as to better serve the school and students, the student union is in need of recruiting a large number of members.
2.应聘者必须进行体检。（require）
______________________________________________
Candidates are required to do physical examination.
3.最重要的是，你将有机会提升自己的英语口语。（what引导主语从句）
___________________________________________________________________________________
What's the most important is that you can have an opportunity to improve your oral English.
4.任何擅长英语写作的人都可以提交申请。（定语从句）
_______________________________________________________
Anyone who is good at English writing is welcome to apply.
5.如果你感兴趣，尽管拨打电话123456加入我们。
___________________________________________________
If you are interested, don't hesitate to call us at 123456.
模拟演练
假定你是校英文报主编李华，由于英文报规模扩大，现急需招聘一名助理编辑。请你以“An English Editor Wanted”为题用英语写一则招聘启事。内容包括：
1. 职位描述；
2. 应聘要求；
3. 联系方式。
注意:1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【思路引导】
【参考范文】
An English Editor Wanted
Our school's English newspaper has an exciting opportunity for a highly motivated individual to join in our dynamic team as an assistant editor.
The main responsibility of the position is to help review the increasing number of submissions. Anyone keen on English writing and capable of word processing is expected to apply. Your previous experience is preferred but not a must.
If you are interested, don't hesitate to contact us by sending your e-mail to Englishnews@ or just call us at e and prove your excellence!
请总结你学到的有用表达：
【高级词汇】
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【高级句式】
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共29张PPT)
Unit 6
Nurturing nature
Period Ⅱ
Using language
敲黑板1. 语言知识：involve, disturb, admit, use up, in turn, whether引导宾语从句， even though/even if引导让步状语从句，现在完成进行时等。
2. 语言技能：能够说服他人、表达妥协；用新学的语言简单讨论“与自然和谐相处”这一话题；学会描述事物的优缺点。
必刷词汇
1.jungle n. ______________
（热带）丛林
2.emission n. __________________________
散发物，排放物;散发，排放
3._______ v. 干扰，扰乱；使不安；弄乱
disturb
4._________ n. 经济 派 __________ adj. 经济的
economy
economic
5.________ n. 经营者 联想 ① ________ v. 经营；使用；运作；动手术②_________ n. 经营；手术；企业
operator
operate
operation
6.conservationist n. __________________________________________________ 联想 ①conserve v. ______
②____________ n. （对自然环境的）保护
（动植物或古旧建筑的）保护工作者；环境保护主义者
保护
conservation
7.use up ____________
用完；用光
8.in turn ________________
相应地；轮流地
核心词汇
It encourages people to be responsible travellers and involves educating them about the natural world. 它推动人们成为有责任心的旅行者，而且也能指导人们了解自然世界。教材P87
1 involve vt.
① 使成为必然部分（或结果）；包含；需要
Any investment involves an element of risk. 任何投资都有一定的风险。
&1& involve doing sth 需要做某事
The operation involves putting a small tube into your heart. 这项手术需要在你的心脏里放一根小管子。
② 涉及；牵涉
The second accident involved two cars and a lorry. 第二起事故涉及两辆小汽车和一辆卡车。
③ （使）参与；加入
&2& involve sb in （doing） sth使某人参与（做）某事
involve oneself in... 积极参与……
I prefer teaching methods that actively involve students in learning. 我更喜欢能让学生积极参与学习的教学法。
Tom involves himself in every aspect of his company's business. 汤姆积极参与公司业务的各个方面。
&3& ①involved adj. 参与的；有关的
be / get involved in / with 参与；卷入；与……有关联
②involvement n. ［U］ 参与；卷入
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Johnny found a job as a high school teacher and it involves _________ （spend） quite a lot of time
with students.
spending
[解析] 句意为：约翰尼找到了一份高中教师的工作，这份工作需要花很多时间和学生在一起。involve doing sth表示“需要做某事”，故填spending。
2.It benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively _________ （involve） in class, and review what
had been taught after class.
involved
[解析] 句意为：预习功课、积极参与课堂活动及课后复习所学的知识都让我受益匪浅。结合句意可知，此处表示“积极参与”，get involved in意为“参与”，故填involved。
3.The young man involved ___ studying paid no attention to the outside world.
in
[解析] 句意为：那个专注于学习的年轻人对外界毫不关注。
4.90% of new teachers agree that involving parents ___ their children's education is a priority in their
schools.
in
[解析] 句意为：90%的新老师一致认为,让家长参与到孩子的教育中是他们学校的首要任务。involve sb in sth意为“使某人参与某事”。
5.Peace and stability need the active ____________ （involve） of all the countries in the world.
involvement
[解析] 句意为：和平和稳定需要全世界所有国家的积极参与。根据空前的形容词以及空后的介词of可知，这里应用名词形式。故填involvement。
However, the local people worry that building the hotel is not eco-friendly and will disturb the wildlife, in particular the turtles which lay their eggs on White Beach. 然而，当地居民担心建这家酒店会破坏环境，干扰野生动物，尤其是在白沙滩上产卵的海龟。教材P89
2 disturb v.干扰，扰乱；打扰；使不安；弄乱
I'm sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment 对不起，打扰你一下，我能跟你谈一会儿吗？
Don't disturb the papers on my desk. 别把我桌上的文件弄乱了。
I dreamt about him, and the dream was so vivid as to disturb me for days. 我梦见了他，那个梦太逼真了，以至于我好几天都心神不宁。
释义·理解
disturb
①to interrupt sb when they are doing sth
②to make sb feel worried or upset
③to move sth or change its position
&4& ①disturbed adj. 有精神病的；心理不正常的；不幸的；心神不安的
The killer had a disturbed family background. 那名杀手出身于一个坎坷不幸的家庭。［《牛津高阶》］
②disturbing adj. 引起恐慌的；令人不安的
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing happening around his home. 16岁时，莫莱开始注意到他家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。［2020全国新高考Ⅰ］
③undisturbed adj. 未受到干扰的；未受惊扰的
定向练2
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I was deeply _________ （disturb） and depressed by the news.
disturbed
2.There are __________ （disturb） reports of killings in the two centres.
disturbing
二、翻译句子。
1.别在他工作的时候打扰他。
___________________________________
Don't disturb him when he is working.
2.这封信使我感到震惊和不安。 （disturb）
______________________________________________________________________________
This letter made me feel shocked and disturbed. /This letter shocked and disturbed me.
But they also admit that building the hotel will provide more jobs for people living in the area. 但他们也承认，建这家酒店将为居住在该地区的人们提供更多的就业机会。教材P89
3 admit vi.&vt.（admitted，admitting）（不情愿地）承认 vt.允许……进入；接纳；收治
He admitted his guilt. 他认了罪。
The small window admitted very little light. 那扇小窗户只能透进一点光线。
The table-tennis team of our school is admitting new players. 我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员。
&5& admit to （doing） sth 承认（做）某事
admit doing sth 承认做某事
admit sb to / into sth准许某人进入/加入（某学校、组织、机构等）
be admitted to/into... 被允许/接收进入……；被……录取/收治
I have to admit to being a little surprised. 我不得不承认我感到有点意外。
Men will not be admitted to the restaurant without a tie. 未系领带的男士不允许进入这家餐厅。
&6& admission n. ［U］允许进入；入场费 ［C］承认；供认
admission charges / prices入场费
an admission of guilt / failure / defeat 承认有罪 / 失败 / 被击败
定向练3
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Taking everything into consideration, my nephew managed to gain __________ （admit） to the
university of his choice at last.
admission
[解析] 句意为：考虑到所有情况，我的侄子最终成功被自己选择的大学录取。动词gain后应接名词作宾语，故填admission。
2.Through years of hard work，he _____________ （admit）to his dream university finally.
was admitted
[解析] 句意为：通过多年的努力学习，他最终被理想的大学录取了。be admitted to... 在此处意为“被……录取”；再根据语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was admitted。
3.Up to two-thirds of 14- to 16-year-olds admit to _________ （suffer） prejudice.
suffering
[解析] 句意为：14到16岁的青少年中，多达三分之二的人承认遭受过偏见。admit to doing sth意为“承认做某事”。
4.She was admitted _______ hospital with a high temperature.
into/to
[解析] 句意为：她因发高烧住院。be admitted into / to... 在此处意为“被……收治”。
Even though the owner of the company guarantees that the design will be in harmony with its beautiful surroundings, the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources. 尽管该公司的老板保证（酒店的）设计将会和优美的环境相协调，但当地居民仍然担心该酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。教材P89
4 use up 用完；用光
Don't use up all the milk—we need some for breakfast. 不要把牛奶全用完，我们早餐还要喝。
&7& run out = give out 用完（主语为物，无被动语态）
run out of 用完（主语为人，主动语态）
use up 用完（主语为人时用主动语态，主语为物时用被动语态）
We should buy some food in advance because our food will soon run / give out / be used up
= We should buy some food in advance because we are running out of/using up our food.
我们应该提前买些食物，因为我们的食物很快就要吃完了。
?
With my ink running / giving out, I need to buy some.
= With my ink used up, I need to buy some.
我的墨水用完了，我需要再买一些。
定向练4
用use up, run out或run out of的正确形式填空。
1.With all the money ___________________, he had to make a living by begging.
used up / running out
[解析] 句意为：由于所有的钱都花光了，他不得不以乞讨为生。本句中含有with复合结构，设空处的逻辑主语为all the money，故可用use up或run out，use up与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式；run out无被动语态，与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
2.I usually _________________ my money at the end of a month.
use up / run out of
[解析] 本句中主语为人，可用use up或run out of。
3.In the future, the protection of the environment will become very important as the earth's natural
resources ___________________.
run out / are used up
[解析] 句意为：未来，随着地球上自然资源的耗尽，对环境的保护会变得非常重要。
1
【句意】在我们城市，人们正在热烈讨论是否应在白沙滩上建一个酒店。
教材P89
&8& whether引导宾语从句
whether引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，在从句中不充当成分，一般可与if互换，但如果从句是作介词的宾语，则不能用if，只能用whether。
I am wondering whether / if I can finish it on time.我想知道我是否能按时完成它。（从句作动词的宾语，可用whether或if）
I am worried about whether I can finish it on time.我担心我是否能按时完成它。（从句作介词的宾语，只能用whether）
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.The old man was concerned about ________ his hidden treasure could be found.
whether
[解析] 句意为：那个老人担心他藏起来的财宝是否会被发现。设空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，从句作介词about的宾语，故用whether。
2.You should set a goal and see __________ you can achieve it in the coming exam.
whether / if
[解析] 设空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，从句作动词see的宾语，故用whether或if。
2
【句意】尽管该公司的老板保证（酒店的）设计将会和优美的环境相协调，但当地居民仍然担心该酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。教材P89
&9& even though / even if引导让步状语从句
even though / even if引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”或“即使”，even though / even if表示比though / although语气更强的让步，从句既可以用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。
We'll make a trip even if / even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好, 我们也要去旅行。
定向练2
翻译句子。
1.我们就算失败十次也不泄气。
_________________________________________________________
We won't be discouraged even if / even though we fail ten times.
2.即使不得不卖掉我的房子，我也要让我的生意继续运转下去。
__________________________________________________________________________
Even if / Even though I have to sell my house, I'll keep my business going.
3.尽管我有打网球的天赋，但我没能在比赛中获得一等奖。
___________________________________________________________________________________
I didn't win first prize in the competition, even if / even though I had a talent for tennis.
现在完成进行时
构成：主语+have / has been+动词的现在分词+其他成分
基本用法
现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，其动作可能刚刚停止，也可能继续下去。该时态多用于延续性动词，如live， learn， lie， stay， sit， wait， stand， rest， study等，并常和all this time， this week， this month， all night， all the morning， recently等状语以及由since和for构成的时间状语或其引导的从句连用，与since和for连用时，常表示动作会继续下去。
I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up. 我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没出现。（动作还在继续进行）
I've been writing letters all this morning. 我写了一上午信。（动作可能会继续下去，也可能刚停止）
We have been looking for you for an hour. 我们找了你一个小时。（动作刚停止）
特别注意 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
①现在完成进行时表示的动作很可能持续下去，强调动作的延续性；而现在完成时通常表示动作已经完成，强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
②有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复；而现在完成时一般不表示重复的动作。这时现在完成进行时可用于非延续性动词。
You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad. 整整一年你都在说要出国留学。
③现在完成进行时往往带有某种感彩；而现在完成时通常平铺直叙，说明事实。
He's been working too hard. 他工作一直都太努力了。
定向练
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Dashan, who _________________ （learn） crosstalk （相声）, a Chinese traditional comedy, for decades, wants to mix it with the Western traditional stand-up.
has been learning
[解析] 句意为：大山几十年来一直在学习中国传统喜剧——相声，他想把相声与西方传统的单口喜剧结合起来。
2.Marty _________________ （work） really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have it finished by
Friday.
has been working
[解析] 句意为：马蒂一直在十分努力地写他的书，他认为他会在星期五之前写完。
3.Since the time when humankind started gardening, we ________________ （try） to make our
environment more beautiful.
have been trying
[解析] 句意为：自人类开始做园艺工作以来，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽。
4.—Tony, why are your eyes red
—I _________________ （cut） up chilli peppers for the last five minutes.
have been cutting
[解析] 句意为：——托尼，你的眼睛为什么发红？——我在刚才的五分钟里一直在切辣椒。
5.The company __________________ （operate） in France for over five years.
has been operating
[解析] 句意为：这家公司在法国已经经营了五年多了。(共32张PPT)
Unit 6
Nurturing nature
Period Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
敲黑板1. 课时任务：了解铁路建设者们在修建青藏铁路的过程中，为了保护当地脆弱的生态环境所付出的辛苦和努力；认识到人类应该和自然和谐共处，并为保护自然和其他物种做出更多努力。
2. 语篇导读：文章讲述了在青藏铁路修建的过程中，人们为使当地的生态环境不被破坏而做出的种种努力，表达了作者的骄傲感和自豪感。
3. 语言知识：wind, overcome, wander, scenery, among the top concerns, catch one's eye, bring… to life, be about to do sth, that引导宾语从句和定语从句时的省略，不定式（短语）作目的状语, before引导时间状语从句等。
世界自然基金会《地球生命力报告2018》：40多年内野生动物种群数量锐减了60%。
Humans share the earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal friends may not be around for much longer. According to the Living Planet Report released by the World Wildlife Fund （WWF） in October, 2018, populations of several animals, including mammals （哺乳动物）, birds and fish, had fallen by an average of 60 percent since 1970.
According to the report, one of the biggest causes of wildlife loss is human activity. Three-quarters of the world's land has been affected by human activity. Many natural habitats （栖息地） have been destroyed to create farmland. About 300 mammal species are dying out because of humans' overeating. Another example is the industrial overfishing of the ocean, The Guardian noted.
The WWF said the challenge we face is to find ways to meet the needs of our growing population while protecting the environment. It has called on world governments and businesses to make efforts together to protect people and nature.
必刷词汇
1.permafrost n. ____________
永久冻土层
2.antelope n. ______
羚羊
3.radiation n. ______
辐射
4.mirror-like adj. ____________
如镜面般的
5._________ n. 地标；里程碑
landmark
6._________ adj. 壮丽的
splendid
7.________ n. 湿地
wetland
8._________ n. 草原
grassland
9.________ v. 徘徊；漫游
wander
10.plateau n. ______联想 ______ n. 平原
高原
plain
11.________ adv. 平稳地 联想 _______ adj. 平稳的
steadily
steady
12.________ adj. 巨大的联 想 ______ n. 大量；块；质量
massive
mass
13.________ adj. 脆弱的 派 __________ adv. 脆弱地 联 想 ________ n. 脆弱；微妙
delicate
delicately
delicacy
14.________adj. 西藏的 联想 ______ n. 西藏
Tibetan
Tibet
15._______ n. 空闲，闲暇 派 _________ adj. 不慌不忙的；慢悠悠的 搭配 ___ ______ _______ 空闲时
leisure
leisurely
at
one's
leisure
16.________ n. 风景，景色 联想 ______ ①n. 景色；情景；（戏剧中的）一场 ②_______ adj. 景色优
美的
scenery
scene
scenic
17.among the top concerns ____________________
最受关注的问题之一
18.catch one's eye ________________
吸引某人的目光
19.bring… to life ________________
使……恢复生机
20.be about to do sth ____________
即将做某事
核心词汇
The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”. 当我（乘坐列车）穿过“世界屋脊”的时候，那句“一条条巨龙翻山越岭”的歌词显得十分生动。教材P82
1 wind v.（wound，wound）（道路、河流等）曲折前进；摇动（把手等）；给（机械）上发条（=wind up）；缠绕 n.风
Wind the handle to open the door. 转动把手把门打开。
The clock stopped; you had better wind it up. 钟停了，你最好给它上一下发条。
The nurse wound the bandage around his wounded arm. 护士给他受伤的胳膊缠上绷带。
&1& wind （one's way） through/along... 蜿蜒地穿过……；沿着……蜿蜒前进
wind sth up 把（汽车窗玻璃等）摇上；结束（讲话、会议等）
Highway 90 winds it's way along the coast. 90号高速公路沿着海岸线蜿蜒而去。
&2& wound vt. （wounded, wounded） 使受伤 n. 伤口
be badly / seriously wounded受重伤
The bullet wounded his arm. 子弹打伤了他的胳膊。
定向练1
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.She found a snake winding its way _____________ the grass, which made her cry.
through / along
[解析] 句意为：她发现一条蛇正在草丛里/沿着草地蜿蜒前行，这一幕让她大叫起来。
2.The soldier got seriously _________ （wound） in the battle and was taken to hospital immediately.
wounded
[解析] 句意为：那个士兵在战斗中受了重伤，被立刻送到了医院。此处用过去分词作表语，表示受伤的状态。
3.The wind was too strong, so he _______ （wind） the car windows up.
wound
[解析] 根据The wind was too strong可知，此处描述过去的事情，故用一般过去时。wind sth up意为“把（汽车窗玻璃等）摇上”。
Taking years to complete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges. 青藏铁路历经数年才得以完工，它见证了我们为攻克种种最困难的工程挑战所付出的一切努力。教材P83
2 overcome v.（overcame，overcome） 战胜；解决；克服（困难）；控制（感情）
&3& overcome difficulties / problems 克服困难 / 解决问题
overcome one's fear / shyness / anxiety 克服恐惧/羞怯/焦虑
be overcome with / by... 受到……的极大影响；被（某种情绪）控制
This character was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. 这个角色的乐观精神和战胜所有困难的决心使他受到喜爱。
Eventually, she managed to overcome her shyness in class. 她终于设法克服了上课时的羞怯。
Overcome with/by emotion, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes. 她激动得难以自持，有好几分钟都说不出话来。
定向练2
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1.We just have some moral problems ____________ （overcome） before the government issues a
warning about cloning someone.
to overcome
[解析] 句意为：在政府对克隆人类发出警告之前，我们只需要解决一些道德问题。此处表示将来的情况，用不定式作定语，故填to overcome。
2.I __________ （overcome） difficulties and passed my final exam last week.
overcame
[解析] 句意为：上周我克服了困难，通过了期末考试。根据last week可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
3.He learnt to overcome __________ （difficulty） by practising.
difficulties
[解析] 句意为：他学会了通过练习来克服困难。overcome difficulties为固定搭配，意为“克服困难”。
Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life. 水鸟在湖中嬉戏，牛羊在草原上漫步，此处的风景因它们而生机盎然。教材P84
3 wander v.漫步；徘徊；闲逛；走神；（道路、河流）蜿蜒曲折 n.游荡；闲逛
People's attention wanders constantly. 人们的注意力总是飘忽不定。［2020全国新高考Ⅰ］
The Missouri River wanders across several states. 密苏里河蜿蜒流经几个州。
Let's go for a wander round the market. 我们去市场逛逛吧。
&5& wonder
&4& wander about / around 徘徊；闲逛；游荡
She wandered aimlessly about the house. 她漫无目的地在房子里走来走去。［《朗文当代》］
I have been wandering around for decades in Beijing. 我在北京漂泊已有数十载。
①v. 想要知道；感到疑惑；感到惊讶
wonder if / whether... 不知是否……（用于礼貌地提问或请求帮助）
I was wondering if he would show up tonight. 不知他今晚是否会露面。
②n. 惊叹；惊奇；奇观
（It's） no wonder （that...） （……）并不奇怪 / 不足为奇
It's no wonder he will step into a key university. 他即将进入一所重点大学（学习），这一点也不奇怪。
定向练3
一、翻译句子。
1.He was wandering aimlessly up and down the road.
__________________________
他在路上漫无目的地徘徊。
2.I like wandering along the river that wanders through the hills in my hometown, which let my mind
wander, forgetting about the busy city life for a moment.
______________________________________________________________________________________
我喜欢在我的家乡沿着蜿蜒流过山丘的小河漫步，这让我浮想联翩，暂时忘却繁忙的城市生活。
二、用wonder的正确形式填空。
1.I was __________ if you'd like to come to dinner.
wondering
2.No ________ he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.
wonder
4 scenery n.［U］风景，景色
There is no parable to that of the West Lake. 西湖之景无与伦比。
&6& scene n. 景色，景象；（戏剧中的）一场；（电影、书等中的）场景，场面；现场;圈子，……界
on the scene 在现场；到现场
He photographed a wide range of street scenes. 他拍摄了各种各样的街景。
The whole thing developed into an unpleasant scene and that ruined everyone's day. 整件事发展成了一次不愉快的争吵，毁了大家一天的心情。［2020课标全国Ⅲ·改编］
Thick black smoke rose over the scene. 浓浓的黑烟从现场滚滚升起。
Thousands of repairmen are on the scene and hope to restore service soon. 数千名修理工在现场工作，希望能尽快恢复服务。
定向练4
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.I called the police and they were ____ the scene within minutes.
on
2.The ________ （scene） along the river is amazing.
scenery
二、翻译句子。
1.The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.
____________________________
电影以纽约公寓的一幕开场。
2.[浙江2019年6月] They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
__________________________________________
他们成为了英格兰流行音乐界最热门的人物。
1
【句意】我靠坐在火车的座位上，仍然不敢相信自己即将沿着这条许多外国专家曾声称“不可能（建成）的”铁路开始一段旅程。
教材P82
&7& be about to do sth
be about to do sth意为 “即将做某事”，不能和表示时间的状语连用。
She was about to leave. 她马上就要走了。
She was about to leave in 4 minutes. （×）
句式：be about to do... when... 正要做……突然……
Tom was about to leave his office when he realised he hadn't finished the report.
汤姆正要离开办公室，突然他意识到自己还没写完报告。
定向练1
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
Little Jack was about to hand in his paper ______ he found there was a spelling mistake.
when
[解析] 句意为：小杰克正要交卷子，突然他发现卷子上有一处拼写错误。be about to do... when... 是固定句式，意为“正要做……突然……”。
二、翻译句子。
1.会议马上开始，请安静。
_____________________________________________
The meeting is about to begin. Please keep quiet.
2.那个运动员马上就要在跑道上摔倒了，这让观众很担心（定语从句）。
___________________________________________________________________________
The athlete was about to fall down on the track，which made the audience worried.
&8& that引导宾语从句和定语从句时的省略
（1）that引导宾语从句时常被省略，但当一个句子中有多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第一个宾语从句的that可以省略，第二个及第二个以后的that不能省略。
He can't believe （that） she crashed the car and that she will have to be responsible for the accident. 他不相信她撞车了，也不相信她还要为此事故负责。（引导第一个宾语从句的that可以省略；第二个宾语从句中的that不能省略）
（2）that引导定语从句且在从句中作主语时，通常不能省略；若在从句中作宾语，则可以省略。
This is the pen that was given by my mum as a birthday gift. 这就是妈妈送给我作为生日礼物的那支笔。（that在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）
This is the pen （that） my mum gave me as a birthday gift. 这就是妈妈送给我作为生日礼物的那支笔。（that在定语从句中作gave的宾语，可以省略）
定向练2
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
Susan said _____ she had just returned and _____ she couldn't offer any advice but she left a book
__________ was written by a well-known expert, hoping that would help.
that
that
that/which
[解析] 句意为：苏珊说她刚刚回来，提供不了任何建议，但是她留下了一本著名专家写的书，希望能有所帮助。前两个空引导并列的宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，故都填that，其中第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可省略；第三个空引导定语从句，先行词为book，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which，不可省略。
2
【句意】为了防止对湿地和草原造成破坏，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160千米。教材P83
&9& 不定式（短语）作目的状语
不定式（短语）作目的状语时，意为“为了……”，可以放在句首或句尾，放在句尾时，一般不用逗号与前面隔开。
To make it clear, you had better give an example. = You had better give an example to make it clear. 为了说得明白点儿，你最好举个例子。
特别注意 强调动词不定式（短语）所表示的目的时，可以用“in order to / so as to+动词原形”，但so as to 不能位于句首。
In order to. .get a complete picture, further information is needed. 为掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。
Tom raised his hand high so as to / in order to be seen by the teacher. 汤姆把手举高以便让老师看到。
定向练3
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1._________ （enjoy） the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens have started to use smart phones.
To enjoy
[解析] 句意为：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。
2.During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ （share） a meal,
admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
to share
[解析] 句意为：中秋节期间，家人通常聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。设空处表目的，应用不定式作目的状语。
3.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metals _________ （create） special designs.
to create
[解析] 句意为：技能熟练的工人还把各种硬木和金属结合起来以创造出特殊的图案。根据句意可知，此处表目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。
3
【句意】旅途时光飞快流逝，不知不觉中，我们就已经到达了唐古拉站。
教材P83
&10& before引导时间状语从句
before引导时间状语从句时，一般译为“在……之前”，before sb know / knows / knew it通常译为“转眼之间；不知不觉”，其他常用句型如下：
①“It will be/was+一段时间+before 从句”意为“还要过多久才…… / 过了多久才……”。
It will be several minutes before we know the results. 我们要过几分钟才能知道结果。
②“It won't be/wasn't long+before 从句”意为“过不了多久就…… / 没过多久就……”。
It won't be long before we witness more progress in technical field. 过不了多久我们就能见证技术领域的更多进步。
定向练4
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.It won't be long _______ you regret what you have done.
before
[解析] 句意为：过不了多久你就会对你的所作所为感到后悔。本句为“It won't be long+before从句”，表示“过不了多久就……”，故填before。
2.I saw her a few days _______ she died.
before
[解析] 句意为：她去世的前几天我见过她。before表示“在……之前”。
二、翻译句子。
1.在我们不知不觉间已经过去一个小时了。
____________________________________
An hour has passed before we know it.
2.过不了多久妈妈就要从国外回来了，这让全家人都很高兴。
________________________________________________________________________________________
It won't be long before Mum comes back from abroad, which makes the whole family very happy.
