外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger知识·技能·考试课件(共27张PPT)

(共27张PPT)
Unit 3
Faster，higher，stronger
知识·技能·考试
戳考点
本单元高频考点：
1.associate 2.expect 3.defeat 4.动名词（短语）作主语
1.associate
（1）associate在语法填空中常考查：①词性转换，常考查动词associate转换为名词association; ②常用搭配be associated with，意为“与……有关”。
例1 [黑龙江哈师大附中2022高二期末] The leader informed us that our football ___________ （associate）
needs some volunteers to meet the visiting foreign viewers.
association
例2 [课标全国Ⅱ2020] Bamboo plants are associated _____ health, abundance and a happy home.
with
（2）associate在完形填空中常考查对其词义及常用搭配be associated with的含义的把握。
例3 “Hugging protects people who are under stress from the increased risk of colds that's usually ___
with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology.
A.equipped B.associated C.presented D.compared
B
2.expect
（1）expect在语法填空中常考查：①固定搭配be expected to do sth；②词性转换，常考查动词expect转换为名词expectation。
例1 [全国乙2022·改编] Initially the sugar tax _____________ （expect） to make ￡520m a year for
the Treasury.However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.
was expected
例2 [河北衡水中学2023高二期末·改编] There was never any ___________ （expect） to gain public
recognition for their donations; they just did it.
expectation
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编] As I told my parents at dinner that first night, the work was all a little
more high-pressure than I'd ___.
C
A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered
（2）expect在完形填空中常考查对其词义的掌握。
3.defeat
defeat在完形填空中考查对其词义的掌握，其作动词时意为“战胜；打败”，作名词时有两个基本含义，分别为“失败”和“战胜；击败”。
例1 [天津2020年5月·改编] However, later when I learned from my friends that my dad ___ all
competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my embarrassment was a touch
of pride.
B
A.convinced B.defeated C.ignored D.evaluated
[解析] 根据空后的won everyone's admiration可知，此处表示作者之后从朋友那里得知父亲打败了其他参与者，并赢得了在场所有人的钦佩。defeat意为“打败”，符合语境。
例2 Six months after suffering our ___ on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our
second, and continued to improve.
A
A.defeat B.decline C.accident D.mistake
[解析] 根据空后的we won our first game可知，此处表示在“我们”遭受失败六个月后。defeat意为“失败”，符合语境。
4.动名词（短语）作主语
例1 [课标全国Ⅱ2020] This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers _______ （carry） special
significance.
carries
[解析] 从句的主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。
例2 __________ （travel） along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
Travelling
[解析] 本句系动词是is， ____ along the old Silk Road 为句子的主语，设空处表示一般性动作，应用动名词。
时文领读
主题：人与社会——体育活动和体育精神
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：314
难度：中
阅读用时：7分钟
背景导入：1968年，首届世界特殊奥林匹克运动会（简称特奥会）于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市举办。一直以来，特奥会都在为残障儿童和成年人参与奥林匹克体育日常训练及竞赛创造条件和机会，使其有机会成为对社会有用、被社会认可和尊重的公民。
本文主要讲述了特奥会教练图什特和垒球选手斯凯勒的故事，让我们在他们的故事中体会特奥会给残障人士带来的成就感、归属感和愉悦感吧。
阅读技巧：根据语境线索推断人物态度或品质。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
taking care of… 为现在分词短语作同位语 be laid off 遭解雇 jump at 迫不及待地受；欣然接受 Touchette's inspiration① to become a coach came from running children's homes② for a social service agency in Monmouth. He loved his job taking care of the children and having fun with them, but was laid off. When he saw the opening for a coaching position at Warren County Special Olympics （特殊奥林匹克运动会）, he jumped at the opportunity. 段落大意 第一段：交代了故事主
要人物之一图什特的背景信息。
词义猜测 What does the
underlined word “opening”
probably mean in the sentence 根
据for后的a coaching position得
知，此处opening意为“职位空
缺”。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
be involved in 参与 including+n./pron.=n./pron.+included 包括……在内 Since then Touchette has been involved in coaching many of the sports Special Olympics has to offer, including volleyball, basketball, athletics, softball and bowling. He has coached the game for many years and his Warren County team recently won a state title for it. 段落大意 第二段：简单介绍了图
什特做教练以来取得的成绩。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
who 引导定语从句 be/become close to sb 与某人关 系密切 However, the championship title wasn't an ordinary win for Touchette. When Touchette began coaching Special Olympics, he met a young man who he became very close to. Schuyler Farris is an athlete on Touchette's softball team. 文章结构 第三段：过渡段，承接
上文并引出文章另一位主人公—
—斯凯勒·法里斯。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
that 引导定语从句 leave sb doing 让某人处于一直 做某事的状态 Not long before the softball season started, Schuyler was in an accident thatleft him enduring six painful attempts to relocate his right arm, and eventually left him with no choice but to undergo surgery to repair it. 段落大意 第四段：交代了斯凯勒的受伤情况。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
Even though 引导让步状语从句 compare to/with… 与……相比 Even though he could not play on the softball team for a while, Schuyler was made an honorary③ coach, and loved his experience as an assistant coach. However, this opportunity still did not compare to the feeling Schuyler got when he would step out onto the field④. 段落大意 第五段：最后一句为本
段中心句，讲述了斯凯勒对垒球
的热爱以及对重返赛场的期待。
Before you know it 转眼之间；一下子 “Before you know it, he was back around his friends and got as active as he could be,” said Touchette about Schuyler's speedy recovery. 段落大意 第六段：交代了斯凯勒
迅速康复并重返赛场。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
qualify for… 有资格…… compete for… 为……竞争 play a crucial part in… 在……中 起关键作用；his team… 为动名 词复合结构作宾语 a round of applause 一阵掌声 Schuyler's softball team had qualified for a chance to compete for the gold medal at the 2013 Outdoor Sports Festival. And Schuyler's excellent performance played a crucial part inhis team winning the game. He received a round of applause by the crowd and cheers from his teammates and coaches. And Schuyler said that moment was his favourite in all his time with Special Olympics. 段落大意 第七段：讲述了斯凯勒为自己的队伍赢得荣誉。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
①inspiration n.灵感；启发灵感的 人（或事物） ②children's home 儿童之家;儿童 收容所 ③honorary adj.名誉的 ④field n.运动场 推理判断 Which of the following
best describes Schuyler
A.Competitive and hard-working.
B.Optimistic and strong-willed.
根据文章第四至七段内容可知，
斯凯勒遭遇事故之后，尽管无法
打球，但仍然坚持对垒球的热
爱，康复后又活跃在赛场上。因
此斯凯勒是乐观而又意志坚强
的。故选B项。
续表
【译文】
图什特想成为一名教练的灵感来源于在蒙茅斯为一家社会服务机构经营儿童之家的经历。他热爱这份工作——照顾孩子们并和他们一起玩耍，但是他被解雇了。当他看到沃伦县特殊奥林匹克运动会有一个教练岗位的空缺时，他迫不及待地接受了这个机会。
自那以后，图什特一直承担着特殊奥运会要求的许多项目的教练工作，包括排球、篮球、田径、垒球和保龄球。他为特殊奥运会从事教练工作很多年，并且他的沃伦县队最近还赢得了州冠军。
然而，获得该冠军头衔对图什特来说非同寻常。当图什特开始执教特殊奥运会时，他遇到了一个年轻人，后来他们的关系日渐亲密。斯凯勒·法里斯是图什特垒球队的运动员。
垒球赛季开始前不久，斯凯勒遭遇了一场事故，这使他忍受了六次右臂复位的痛苦尝试，并且最终他别无选择，只能通过手术复原右臂。
尽管斯凯勒暂时无法在垒球队打球，但他成了一名名誉教练，并且热爱作为助理教练的经历。然而这一机会还是无法与他自己走上赛场的那种感觉相比。
图什特谈到斯凯勒的迅速康复时说道：“转眼之间，他就回到了朋友身边，尽他所能地积极表现。”
斯凯勒的垒球队获得了参与2013年户外运动节金牌角逐的资格。斯凯勒的出色表现对团队赢得比赛起到了关键性的作用。他赢得了观众的一阵掌声以及队友和教练的欢呼声。斯凯勒说那一刻是他在整个特殊奥运会生涯中最喜欢的时刻。
真题展示
［课标全国Ⅰ2020·C篇］Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact （接触） with the ground at all times.It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories （卡路里） per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr.Norberg says.According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says.It takes some practice.
【语篇导读】本文主要通过将竞走与跑步进行对比，介绍了竞走的基本规则、对竞走者体能的要求及竞走对身体的冲击力等，并给想要尝试竞走的人提出了一些建议。
1.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes ( )
C
A.They must run long distances. B.They are qualified for the marathon.
C.They have to follow special rules. D.They are good at swinging their legs.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据题干中的conditioned athletes可定位至文章第二段。根据第二段第三句可知，这项运动的规则要求竞走者在大部分摆动腿的过程中，膝盖要保持笔直，一只脚要始终与地面接触。由此可推知，竞走者需要是受过训练的运动员，这是因为他们必须遵守特殊的规则，故选C项。
2.What advantage does race walking have over running ( )
D
A.It's more popular at the Olympics. B.It's less challenging physically.
C.It's more effective in body building. D.It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句中的some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers可知，跑步时常见的膝盖受伤在竞走者中是很少见的。由此可知，这是竞走相对于跑步而言的一个优势。故选D项。
3.What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking ( )
A
A.Getting experts' opinions. B.Having a medical checkup.
C.Hiring an experienced coach. D.Doing regular exercises.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique可知，诺伯格博士建议，想要尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的运动员来学习恰当的技巧，即应得到专业人士的建议，故选A项。
4.Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking ( )
B
A.Skeptical. B.Objective. C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.
[解析] 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在本文中分别阐述了竞走的好处（Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running）及其存在的问题（It does, however, have its own problem.），提及正反两方面，由此可推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选B项。
【微技能】推断人物观点态度或性格品质
推断人物观点态度或性格品质这一类的题目是推理判断题的一种。观点态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、积极；②客观、中立；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。性格品质比较多样，常见的形容词有：optimistic乐观的, caring乐于助人的, ambitious有抱负的, determined/strong-minded/strong-willed意志坚定的, creative富有创造力的, disciplined遵守纪律的, well-educated受过良好教育的, energetic精力充沛的, generous慷慨的, independent独立的, motivated积极的, intelligent聪明的, modest谦虚的, responsible负责的, sensible明智的, courageous勇敢的, considerate体贴的。
解答观点态度题需要在原文中找到陈述人物观点的语言，体会这些语言的感彩，如褒贬含义以及肯否定表达等，进而推断出支持、反对或中立的态度；解答性格品质的题目要在原文中找出对人物行为的描述，包括动作、神态、眼神、手势等，还包括某人对待某一事物的方式、态度以及人物的心理活动等，通过分析这些具体的描述，可推断出人物的性格品质。