牛津译林版（2019） 选择性必修一 Unit 2 The Universal Language 知识·技能·考试重难点 课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
Unit 2
The universal language
知识·技能·考试
戳考点
本单元高频考点：
1.deserve 2.rely 3.adaptation 4.distant 5.accompany 6.expectation 7.predict 8.possess
9.动名词作主语 10.动名词作宾语
1.deserve
（1）deserve在语法填空中常考查固定搭配deserve doing（相当于deserve to be done）和deserve to do（值得去做；应该做）。
例1 [黑龙江哈三中2023高二月考] Those who seek to grab power through violence deserve
_________________________________ （punish）.
punishing/to be punished/punishment
例2 He has worked very hard and deserves ________ （pass） the exam.
to pass
（2）deserve在完形填空中常考查对其词义“应得，应受到；值得”的把握。
例3 A couple of months ago, I made a promise to myself: I would put some money in an envelope
with the intention of giving this envelope away to the first person I came across who ___ it.
B
A.used B.deserved C.earned D.found
[解析] 句意为：几个月前，我对自己许下一个承诺：我会把一些钱放在一个信封里，之后把这个信封送给我遇到的第一个应得的人。
2.rely
（1）rely在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，其形容词形式为reliable； ②考查固定搭配，rely on/upon意为“依赖，依靠”；rely on it that… 结构中it作形式宾语。
例1 [山西晋中2022高三模拟] This grotto inscriptions， statues, and murals （壁画） provide ________
（rely） evidence for the confirmation of the history of the Bingling Temple Grottoes and the early
stone statues in China.
reliable
例2 [上海徐汇区2023高三一模·改编] Prosopagnostics often have to rely ________ clues other than
someone's facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice to identify the people they know.
on/upon
例3 You can rely on ___ that they will finish their work ahead of time.
it
（2）rely在完形填空中常考查词义辨析和固定搭配rely on/upon，意为“依赖，依靠”。
例4 I couldn't hold anything—a fork or spoon was too heavy to pick up.I had lost my entire
independence and had to ___on others for any help.
B
A.turn B.rely C.call D.live
3.adaptation
adaptation在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，常由动词形式adapt转换为名词形式adaptation；②考查其动词形式的固定搭配adapt to,意为“适应”。
例1 [河北名校联盟2022高三联考·改编] The popular TV series is an __________ （adapt） of an
online novel.
adaptation
例2 [课标全国Ⅲ2020·改编] People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted ___ living at high altitudes.
to
4.distant
distant 在语法填空中常考查词性转换及其相应搭配，其名词形式为distance；固定搭配in the distance，意为“在远处”。
例1 [吉林通化2022高二期中] You can look around several of these historic buildings in a day, as the
majority of them are within walking ________ （distant） of one another.
distance
[解析] 句意为：你可以在一天之内参观这些历史建筑中的几所，因为它们中的大多数都在彼此的步行距离之内。walking distance意为“步行距离”。
例2 She is just a _______ （distance） memory for me now.
distant
例3 [河南洛阳一高2022月考] He watched the train away until it was only a dot in ____ distance.
the
5.accompany
（1） accompany在语法填空中常考查其非谓语动词形式。
例1 [福建厦门六中2023高二期中] Children are not permitted to enter the stadium unless ____________
（accompany） by parents.
accompanied
（2） accompany在完形填空中常考查对其词义的把握。
例2 Dawn Caviola, a fan of Donut City, thought if enough people would buy a dozen doughnuts every
morning, John Chhan could close it early and go to ___ his wife.
A
A.accompany B.praise C.encourage D.recognize
6.expectation
（1）expectation在语法填空中主要考查词性转换，expect是其动词形式。
例1 In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your ____________ （expect）.
expectations
（2）expectation在完形填空中主要考查对其词义的掌握以及对其动词形式expect的词义的掌握。
例2 [全国新高考Ⅱ2022] The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and
they always go beyond the homeowner's ___.
C
A.budget B.abilities C.expectations D.understanding
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021] As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-
pressure than I'd ___.
C
A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered
[解析] 句意为：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力确实比我预料的要大一些。根据空前的it was all a little more high-pressure可知，作者觉得这份工作的压力比自己预料的要大一些。
7.predict
（1）predict在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，其名词形式为prediction；
②考查固定用法It is/was predicted that…。
例1 His __________ （predict） that the globe would become warm has proved to be true.
prediction
例2 [辽宁葫芦岛四校2023高二期中联考] Yet, despite the global water usage already increasing threefold
（三倍） over the last fifty years, it ____________ （predict） that there will be a further 60%—100%
increase in water usage by 2050.
is predicted
[解析] 句意为：然而，尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经增长了三倍，但据预测，到2050年，（全球）用水量将进一步增长60%到100%。
（2）predict在完形填空中常考查对其词义的掌握，意为“预言；预料”。
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2020·改编] He ___ that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them
from the heat.
B
A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted
[解析] 根据设空处后的it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them可知，此处指莫莱（He）根据所观察到的现象，意识到造成鸟被赶走和蛇的数量减少的原因。D项为干扰项。
8.possess
possess在语法填空中的考法涉及：①考查词性转换，possession意为“财产”时，为可数名词，且常用复数；possession意为“拥有，占有”时，为不可数名词；②考查常用搭配in possession of，意为“占有，拥有”。
例1 One of Mary's prize _____________________ （possess） was a little white lamb which her
husband had given her.
possessions possession
[解析] 意为“财产”时是可数名词，one of 后加可数名词复数，故填possessions。
例2 We'll be in __________ （possess） of happiness if we can always appreciate what we have.
possession
[解析] 句意为：如果我们能够始终感恩我们所拥有的，我们将会拥有快乐。
9.动名词作主语
例1 [浙江2022年1月·改编] ______________ （Travel） to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the
like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
Travel（l）ing
例2 [哈师大附中2023高二月考] ____________ （surround） yourself with people who'll provide you
with support can be very beneficial.
Surrounding
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编] _______ （be） a page turner requires plenty of practice.
Being
10.动名词作宾语
语法填空中最常考查动名词在介词后作宾语的用法，有时也考查接动名词作宾语的动词以及动名词的复合结构。
例1 [全国乙2021] Minimize the impact of ________ （visit） the place.
visiting
[解析] 句意为：将参观该地所带来的影响减至最小。此处of为介词，故应用visit的动名词形式作介词宾语。
例2 [全国甲2021] After _________ （spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the
wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
spending
[解析] 句意为：在花了一些时间看完城墙上的所有防御设施后，我们决定是时候采取些行动了，还有什么是比在一段历史上骑行更好的呢！此处After为介词，故应用spend的动名词形式作介词宾语。
例3 I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________ （look） directly into his eyes so he
doesn't feel challenged.
looking
[解析] 句意为：我迅速俯下身子，低下头，以避免直接和他对视，这样他就不会觉得受到了挑战。avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”。
例4 [课标全国Ⅱ2020] They represent the earth ________ （come） back to life and best wishes for
new beginnings.
coming
[解析] 句意为：它们代表着地球恢复生机和（人们）对新开端的美好祝愿。句中已有谓语动词represent，设空处与其之间无连词连接，故应用非谓语动词形式；分析句子结构可知，此处应为动名词的复合结构与best wishes并列作represent的宾语，设空处与其逻辑主语the earth为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填coming。
时文领读
主题：人与社会——音乐领域的发展
语篇类型：说明文
词数：395
难度：中
阅读用时：8分钟
背景导入：在世界上这么多种表达方式中，足球与音乐似乎是每一个人都能懂的。足球与音乐就像烧酒和花生米，或者是可乐加冰。世界杯则让两者达到了完美统一。
阅读技巧：训练学生推理判断的能力。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
Every four years每四 年 _________________________ Every four years, millions of people gather to watch soccer games and cheer for their favourite teams and players.In 2022, the World Cup kicked off① on 21st November in Qatar. 段落大意第一段简要介绍了四年
一度的世界杯。
关键细节第一段虽然并非文章的
主体段落，但Every four years，
on 21st November in Qatar均为
重要的细节信息，需要注意。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
Before 引 导时间状语 Before the most exciting sporting event, “Hayya Hayya” （“Better Together”）, the first single of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 Official Soundtrack, was released on 1st April 2022 and has around 23 million views with 670K likes on YouTube.“By bringing together voices from the Americas, Africa and the Middle East, this song shows how music—and football— can unite the world,” said FIFA Chief Commercial Officer Kay Madati. 段落大意第二段介绍了2022年世
界杯的首张单曲的发行。
推理判断What does Kay
Madati's attitude to the song
“Hayya Hayya” （“Better
Together”）？
从文中凯·马达蒂所说的话，尤
其是this song shows how
music—and football—can unite
the world可推知，他对这首歌的
态度是欣赏的。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
ever since引导时间状 语从句，注意主句时 态 In fact, ever since the first official World Cup song came out in 1966 for the England World Cup, the relationship between soccer and music has grown stronger and stronger.As The Wall Street Journal put it, “Listening to motivational music does encourage people to take more risks.” 段落大意第三、四段
说明了自从有了世界
杯主题曲，足球与音
乐之间的联系更加紧
密。
play an important role in在……中起重要作用 which引导限制性定语 从句，先行词为music Austrian soccer player David Alaba said that music played an important role in his career.“I try to get fired up before matches and listen to music which motivates me,” he told .
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
Apart from除了（此处 可替换为In addition to） Apart from official songs and national anthems②, many soccer players also use their personal music collections to lift their moods.French winger Franck Ribery is a big fan of hip hop from his motherland； Argentine star Lionel Messi loves Argentine artist Sergio Torres' songs, while German forward Marco Reus is known to listen to Canadian pop singer Justin Bieber. 段落大意第五、六段
从足球运动员、足球
教练的角度说明了音
乐的魅力。
you need为省略了关系 代词that/which的定语 从句 One of the world's greatest soccer coaches, Giovanni Trapattoni, even believes that listening to music can teach players great lessons.“You learn a lot about intervals③, tempo （拍子）, rhythm.You learn the logical skills you need to read a game,” he told .
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
have… in common有 共同之处 Indeed, the right music can make all the difference.As Colombian musician Juanes told , soccer and music have a lot in common.“You throw yourself into it, and it moves something within people.You need your feet for soccer and you need words for music, but they arouse one and the same thing: passion,” he said. 段落大意最后一段用
哥伦比亚音乐家华内
斯的话总结了音乐和
足球的共同之处：唤
起激情。
①kick off （足球比赛等）开始 ②national anthem国歌 ③interval n.音程
续表
【译文】
每四年，数百万人都会齐聚一堂，观看足球比赛，并为他们最喜欢的球队和球员呐喊助威。2022年11月21日，世界杯在卡塔尔拉开序幕。
在这一最激动人心的体育盛事到来之前，2022年卡塔尔世界杯官方原声带中的首张单曲《Hayya Hayya》 （《Better Together》）于2022年4月1日发行，在油管上有约2，300万的浏览量、67万次点赞。“通过汇集美洲、非洲和中东三个地区的声音，这首歌展示出了音乐——以及足球——是如何将世界联结在一起的。”国际足联首席商务官凯·马达蒂说。
事实上，自1966年英格兰世界杯发布首支官方主题曲以来，足球和音乐之间的联系日益紧密。正如《华尔街日报》所言，“听鼓舞人心的音乐的确能鼓励人们更加勇于冒险。”
奥地利足球运动员戴维·阿拉巴表示，音乐在他的职业生涯中起着重要作用。“我努力让自己在赛前振奋起来，听一些能够激励自己的音乐，”阿拉巴向国际足联官网表示。
除了官方主题曲和国歌之外，许多足球运动员也会听个人歌曲集来振奋精神。法国边锋弗兰克·里贝里是本国嘻哈音乐的铁杆歌迷，阿根廷球星莱昂内尔·梅西喜欢阿根廷艺人塞尔吉奥·托雷斯的歌曲；而众所周知，德国前锋马尔科·罗伊斯听加拿大流行歌手贾斯汀·比伯的歌。
乔瓦尼·特拉帕托尼是世界上最伟大的足球教练之一，他甚至认为听音乐能够让学员学到很多重要的知识。“你能（从音乐中）学到许多关于音程、拍子以及节奏（的知识）。你能学到解读比赛所需的逻辑技能。”他告诉国际足联官网。
的确，合适的音乐能起到很大的作用。正如哥伦比亚音乐家华内斯向国际足联官网所说的，足球与音乐有许多共同之处。他还表示，“全身心地投入进去，它就能感染人们内在的东西。踢足球需要双脚，而创作音乐需要歌词，但它们都唤起了同一种事物：激情。”
真题展示
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·B篇] By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.“I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot,” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong.“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said.“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed.“He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.”
【语篇导读】罗伯特·蒂特顿在白天是一名律师，而在业余时间，他会作为一名乐谱翻页员和钢琴家玛丽亚·拉斯帕波娃一起登上舞台，帮助玛丽亚表演。
1.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner ( )
A
A.Read music. B.Play the piano. C.Sing songs. D.Fix the instruments.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance以及第三段内容可知，作为一名乐谱翻页员，蒂特顿需要学会识谱，并在正确的时刻给乐谱翻页，以确保钢琴家的演奏准确且流畅。
2.Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage ( )
C
A.Boring. B.Well-paid. C.Demanding. D.Dangerous.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中蒂特顿所说的话A lot of skills are needed for the job.及后面的具体说明可知，乐谱翻页员需要掌握多种技能，包括必须确保不要同时翻两页，并确保乐谱有重复演奏的部分时，需要翻回乐谱正确的位置。由此可知，该工作有很高的要求。
【微技能】推理判断题的解题技巧
推理判断属于高层次的阅读理解，难度相对较大。这类考题的题干中常出现的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, most likely等。
在做推理判断题时，需要严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推断，常用以下方法：
（1）抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。有时，需要推理的信息会通过一些特定的语句传达出来。因此，要善于分析某一段话中的关键信息（即某些关键词或短语），利用逆向思维或正向思维，推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
（2）整合全文（段）信息进行推断。做推理判断题时，有时需要在理解全文（段）意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，综合起来进行推理判断，从而确定最佳选项。
（3）利用语境的褒贬性进行判断。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了相关人物的特定心理和情绪状态以及作者的观点态度。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨大意、了解人物的心理特点及情节的发展变化以及进行正确的逻辑判断很有好处。
3.What does Titterton need to practise ( )
B
A.Counting the pages. B.Recognizing the “nodding”.
C.Catching falling objects. D.Performing in his own style.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding”… which they need to practise with their page turner.可知，在舞台上演出时，钢琴家与乐谱翻页员的默契非常重要，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”示意风格，所以乐谱翻页员需要和钢琴家不断练习，慢慢磨合，以使翻页员能够明白钢琴家“点头”的含义。由此可知，蒂特顿需要练习识别钢琴家“点头”的含义。
4.Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner” ( )
D
A.He has very poor eyesight. B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music. D.He forgets to do his job.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say:‘Turn, turn!’可知，钢琴家玛丽亚的丈夫经常陶醉于音乐中而忘记翻乐谱，以至于玛利亚得提醒他翻页，所以钢琴家玛丽亚称她的丈夫是“最差的乐谱翻页员”。