牛津译林版 选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Exploring poetry知识·技能·考试重难点 课件(共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
Unit 4
Exploring poetry
知识·技能·考试
戳考点
本单元高频考点：
1.freeze 2.patient 3.belief
1.freeze
freeze在语法填空中的考法主要涉及词性转换，常考查其与freezing或frozen之间的转换。
例1 It was ________ （freeze） cold as I was waiting at a bus stop to hunt for a job.
freezing
例2 [浙江杭州学军中学2023高二期末·改编] They probably travelled along the coast—perhaps a few
hundred people moving from one piece of land to the next, through a _______ （freeze） ocean.
frozen
[解析] 句意为：他们可能沿着海岸旅行——也许有几百人通过冰冻住的海洋，从一块陆地移动到另一块陆地。
例3 The first thing he did was to find shelter from the ________ （freeze） wind and snow.
freezing
2.patient
patient在语法填空中常考查词性转换，转换为名词patience或副词patiently。
例1 Though he was willing to wait with ________ （patient） until his mum was paid the next week,
the supermarket's staff decided to do something extremely thoughtful after they noticed Leon's note.
patience
例2 [海南2023高二期末] He can be seen in the videos leaving their hotel in Beijing at 2 am to attend
the national flag-raising ceremony and waiting _________ （patient） in a long line.
patiently
例3 After five minutes of waiting, some passengers weren't _______ （patience） any more.
patient
3.belief
belief在语法填空中的考法涉及：考查动词believe转换为名词belief。
例1 Some English people hold the ______ （believe） that it began on the day during the 1200s.
belief
例2 In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around
human settlements, leading to a ______ （believe） that populations are increasing.
belief
时文领读
主题：人与社会——文学与艺术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：287
难度：中
阅读用时：7分钟
背景导入：你一定知道诗歌是一种重要的文学形式，那你知道诗歌有哪些基本特征吗？它又有哪些类型呢？
阅读技巧：根据事实细节合理推断信息；能总结文章主题，并推断作者的写作意图。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
express one's feelings表达 某人的情感 Poetry is one of the important art forms of literature, and is an easy way to express our feelings. Moreover, everyone understands it in their own way. Some find relief ① in poems; some read poems simply for peace; some read poems for simple artistic② pleasure. 段落大意第一段主要介绍了诗歌是重要的文
学艺术形式之一，人们阅读诗歌有不同的目
的。
细节理解Why do people read poems 根据第
一段最后一句可知，人们阅读诗歌有不同的
目的：find relief, for peace, for simple
artistic pleasure。
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
which引导非 限制性定语从 句 first of all首 先 so that引导结 果状语从句 There are some special features of poetry, which make it quite different from other forms of literature. First of all, poems have rhythmic patterns. Generally, most parts of a poem follow the same form of rhythm. Poems may have rhyme, but they don't have to. The lines are neatly③ arranged together so that they express a particular feeling or emotion. 段落大意 第二段主要介绍了诗歌
的特点。
There can be various types of poems but according to the pattern or the form, there are mainly three types: 段落大意第三至六段主要介绍了诗
歌的三种类型，并分别对它们进行
了说明。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
concentrate on把注意力 集中于，全 神贯注于 rather than 而不是 Lyrics （抒情诗）: Lyrics mainly concentrate on human thoughts and emotions rather than a story. Lyrics always bear song-like appeal④. They are mainly short poems. Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy （挽诗）, the ode （颂 诗） and the sonnet （十四行诗）. William Shakespeare, Edmund Waller and John Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all time. 细节理解What can we infer from the text
A.Narrative poems concentrate on human thoughts.
B.Both lyrics and dramatic poems tell a story.
C.William Shakespeare can write not only lyrics
but also narrative poems.
D.Epics and ballads belong to dramatic poems.
从文中第四段中的William Shakespeare… some of
the greatest lyric writers of all time.和第五段中的
Some of the greatest epic poets are… William
Shakespeare, etc.可知C项正确。
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读
技巧
Narrative poems （叙事诗）: This type of poetry tells a story. Narrative poems are usually long poems. Epics （史诗） and ballads （叙事诗歌） fall under this type. Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton, Dante, Edgar Allan Poe, Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare, etc.
that引导定语 从句 belong to属于 Dramatic poems （戏剧诗）: Any drama that is written in verse is a dramatic poem. These poems generally tell a story. Blank verse （无 韵诗）, dramatic monologue （独白）and closet drama belong to this type. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are some of the greatest dramatic poets.
续表
知识点击 原 文 结构分析·阅读技巧
Whatever引导让步状语从句 which引导非限制性定语从句 that引导表语从句 Whatever the form is, one thing, which cannot be denied, is that poetry is one of the most powerful tools to express our feelings. 段落大意第七段总结全文，呼应首段内
容。
推理判断Why does the author write
this passage 文章分别介绍了人们读诗
的原因、诗歌的特点及诗歌的几种分
类，由此推断作者的写作意图是介绍诗
歌。
①relief n.宽慰；解脱 ②artistic adj.艺术的 ③neatly adv.有序地;整洁地;灵 巧地 ④appeal n.感染力
续表
【译文】
诗歌是文学中重要的艺术形式之一，也是一种容易表达情感的方式。而且，每个人都有自己理解诗歌的方式。有的人在诗歌中寻找宽慰；有的人只是为了获得（心灵的）宁静而读诗；还有的人读诗是为了获得纯粹的艺术享受。
诗歌具有一些特殊的特征，这使它与其他文学形式存在很大区别。首先，诗歌有韵律模式。一般来说，一首诗的大部分诗句都遵循同一种韵律模式。诗歌可以押韵，但并不是一定要押韵。诗行有序地排列在一起，表达一种特定的感受或情感。
诗歌种类繁多，但根据其模式或形式，主要可以分为三种类型：
抒情诗：抒情诗主要注重表达人的思想和情感，而非叙述故事。抒情诗总是有着歌曲般的感染力，多为短诗。流行的抒情诗形式有挽诗、颂诗和十四行诗。威廉·莎士比亚、埃德蒙·沃勒以及约翰·济慈是有史以来最伟大的几位抒情诗人。
叙事诗：这种类型的诗歌叙述故事。叙事诗通常是长诗。史诗和叙事诗歌都属于这一类型。最伟大的几位史诗诗人有约翰·弥尔顿、但丁、埃德加·爱伦·坡、亚历山大·蒲柏、威廉·莎士比亚等。
戏剧诗：任何用韵文撰写的戏剧都是戏剧诗。这些诗歌通常讲述一个故事。无韵诗、戏剧独白以及案头剧都属于这种类型。威廉·莎士比亚、克里斯托弗·马洛和本·琼森是最伟大的几位戏剧诗人。
无论诗歌是何种形式，有一点不可否认的是，它是表达我们情感的最有力的工具之一。
真题展示
[全国乙2022·B篇] In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed （牵涉） drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍） of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top:“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
【语篇导读】本文以书评的形式，介绍了作家多萝西·威肯登在自己的小说中讲述奶奶年轻时和另一个女孩去一个偏远贫穷的小村落教书所经历的苦难的故事。本文作者对这部小说和小说作者给予了很高的评价。
1.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains ( )
A
A.To teach in a school. B.To study American history.
C.To write a book. D.To do sightseeing.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中的traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse可知，她们去这里的目的是教书。故选A项。
2.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3 ( )
D
A.They enjoyed much respect. B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids. D.They suffered severe hardships.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，她们像当地人一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早晨醒来时被褥上覆盖着一层雪，早晨常看到孩子们被冻哭。春天，雪被泥土替代，覆盖在冰上。由此可知，她们在那里吃了很多苦。故选D项。
【微技能】根据事实细节合理推断信息
推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，在做题时考生要以文字信息为依据，既不能在原文中没有文字根据的情况下进行推理，也不能根据表面文字信息进行多步推理；也就是说，要做到判断有据、推论有理、忠实于原文。解题步骤：&1
3.Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising ( )
C
A.The extreme climate of Auburn. B.The living conditions in Elkhead.
C.The railroad building in the Rockies. D.The natural beauty of the West.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中的A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.可知，作品中的建设铁路的情节涉及（施工队）在天昏地暗的暴风雪中钻孔的情景，故作品中的建设铁路的情节非常惊险。故选C项。
4.What is the text ( )
B
A.A news report. B.A book review. C.A children's story. D.A diary entry.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段尾句和第四段中的In Wickenden's book以及第五段首句Wickenden is a very good storyteller.可知，本文是一篇书评，对威肯登的书进行评价。故选B项。