人教版英语九年级Unit 5 What are the shirts made of? 重点知识归纳

Unit 5 知识清单
Section A
重点短语
1. be made of 由…制成(看得见原材料) 2.be made from由…制成(看不见原材料)
2. environmental protection环境保护 3.pay to do sth. 花钱做某事
4.be widely known for 广为人知 5.as far as I know 就我所知
6. be picked by hand 手工挑选 /采摘 7. in many different areas在不同地区
8. search for 寻找 9. no matter 无论
10. even though 即使 11.be covered by 被….覆盖
12. avoid doing sth. 避免做 …. 13.high-technology products 高科技产品
14 .the earth’s surface 地球表面 15.cause traffic accidents 导致交通事故
16.a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 17. a pair of gloves 一副手套
18. A hundred percent cotton 纯棉 19. attend for free 免费参加
重点语法：被动语态
一．基本结构：be + 动词过去分词
肯定句：主语＋be + 过去分词＋（by ~） 否定句：主语＋be not ＋过去分词
一般疑问句：Be ＋主语＋过去分词＋（by ~） 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋be＋主语＋过去分词＋（by ~）
需注意：
进行否定句或疑问句句型转换时，如有助动词（have/has/had/will/would+been/be+过分），则在助动词上变；其余情况都直接在am/is/are/was/were上变化。
二．具体时态如下：
一般现在时的被动语态：主＋am / is / are （not）＋过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态：主＋was / were ＋过去分词
现在进行时被动语态： 主语＋is / am / are + being ＋过去分词
现在完成时被动语态： 主语＋have / has ＋been ＋过去分词
一般将来时： 主语＋will ＋be ＋过去分词
过去将来时： 主语＋would + be ＋过去分词
过去进行时： 主语＋was / were + being ＋过去分词
过去完成时： 主语＋had + been +过去分词
现在完成进行时态： 主语+have/has +been+being+过去分词
含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词＋be＋过去分词
三．什么时候不用被动语态？
（1）look,sound,smell,taste等系动词，用主动形式表示被动含义。
The orange juice tastes nice. 橙汁尝起来很不错
（2）动词need,want,以及短语be worth后接动名词(doing)。 用主动形式表示被动含义
My flowers need watering. 我的花需要浇水
（3）某些表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词，如：write,wash,sell,read,clean,drive等。他们的主语为物时，用主语表示被动。
This kind of shirts sells well here 这种裙子在这里卖得很好。
（4）不及物动词或词组没有被动结构，如： take place(发生） happen （发生）appear（出现）disappear (消失）last(持续）
四. 主动语态变为被动语态. 方法是：
宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时态不变，数格必须随主语变化
原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面，如果没必要，可省略。
知识点讲解
1． Is it made of silver 它是银做的吗？
be made of由…制成(看得见原材料) e.g. Our desks are made of wood.
be made from由…制成(看不见原材料) e.g. Paper is made from wood.
be made in 产于某地 e.g. This phone is made in China.
be made up of由…组成 e.g. Our country is made up of 56 peoples.
be made by 被….制造e.g. The scarf is made by hand, so it’s more expensive.
1. Where is tea produced in China 茶产于中国的什么地方？
构词；produce(vt)生产 producer（n.）生产者 product (n.) 产品 production (n.) 生产.制造、产量
Produce 表示通过制造而获得的产品，也表示生产粮食蔬菜等通过种植而获得的产品。
Make 做“制造”讲时可以和produce互换，但是它不可以指通过种植而获得的产品。
3．Anxi and Hangzhou is widely known for their tea. ..安溪和杭州都因茶而广为人知。
be known /famous for 因….闻名 Guilin is well known for its beautiful scenery.
be known /famous as 作为….闻名 Chengdu is famous as a relaxing city.
be known to sb. 为……（人）所知晓 Picasso is known to people all over the world.
4. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing. 当叶子成熟时，他们被手工采摘然后送去加工。
5. be picked by …. 被采摘 be sent for doing 被送去做…..
When the fish is drawn out of sea , it is sent for icing within two hours , or it will soon go bad.
当这种鱼从海里打捞出来后，在两小时之类要立即冰冻，否则它要变质。
6. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chines tea. 好像世界上很多人都喝中国茶。
It seems that +从句 e.g. It seemed that the conflict between these two countries is getting worse.
seem +adj. He seems unhappy whenever the teacher asks him to a little more for others.
seem to do sth. His parents seem to run out of wisdom to deal with his laziness.
seem like +n Buying a house in the city doesn’t seem like a big problem for those well-paid people.
7. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 无论你买什么，你都会认为那些国家就生产那些产品。
No matter“无论”与what, who, when where, which, how 等连用，引导让步状语从句。
No matter what =whatever no matter who=whoever no matter when=whenever
No matter where =wherever no matter how =however
No matter where you are, I will find you. =Wherever you are, I’ll find you.
No matter who breaks the rules, he will be punished. =Whoever breaks the rules, he will be punished.
8. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 他发现了一个有趣的现象，那就是当地商店里的很多产品都是中国制造的。
句型：主语+find/think/make + it + adj. +that+宾语从句。此句型中it为形式宾语，that 后为真正的宾语。
e.g. He finds it helpful that he tries to guess the word’s meaning by the sentences before and after it.
I think it possible that you finish your homework on you own.
9. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.
他意识到美国人几乎不可避免地会买到中国制造的产品。
（1）avoid sth . 避免… You should avoid unnecessary repetition.
avoid doing sth. You should avoid making the same mistakes .
10. Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
on the surface of 在…表面 There’s some oil floating on the surface of the water.
be covered by/with sth. 被….所覆盖Much of the country is covered by forest.
Section B
重点短语
1. Go on a vacation 去度假 2. a form of 一种 3.according to 根据
3. send out 发送 5. in trouble 陷入困境 6.rise into 上升到
11. at a high heat在高温下 8. hot-air balloons 热气球 9.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做
12. be painted with colorful drawings 涂上多彩的图案 11.objects of beauty精美物品
12. a pair of scissors一把剪刀
13.lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.中国神话或历史故事中生动的人物形象
语言点讲解
1.The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.
1） turn…into…表示“把……变成……；使……变成……” ，而turn into表示“转变；变成”等意思。
The sunny morning turned into a rainy day. 晴朗的早晨变成了雨天。
2) objects of beauty 在此为“精美植物；精美物品”的意思。其中object指具体、实际的“物品；东西”。
e.g. Look, there’s a strange object in the sky!
2. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.
名词piece意为“作品”，指由艺人、作家等创作出来的艺术品或文学作品。
Did you read that piece in today’s newspaper 你看过今天报纸上的那片文章了吗？
3.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble. 当有麻烦事他就把它放出去以寻求帮助。
（1）When in trouble 是世间状语的省略形式，相当于when he was in trouble.
Students will ask teachers for help when in trouble. Keep calm when in danger.
(2)send out 放出，发送。The sun sends out light and heat.
4.When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot-air balloons for all to see.
当灯笼被点燃时，它们像热气球一样慢慢升上天空，所有人都能看见。
light—lit/lighted—lit /lighted lit 只能做表语，不能做前置定语。lighted可以做表语和前置定语。
a lighted candle 点燃的蜡烛 a burning candle 正在燃烧的蜡烛
5.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.
这些工艺品通常是些可爱的孩子，或者是源自中国神话故事或者历史故事中的可爱的人物形象。
lively adj. 充满活力的，生机勃勃的 Paris is one of the liveliest cities in Europe.
living adj. 活着的，做定语。If you watch carefully enough, you will find all the living things around us are more interesting than you can imagine.
alive adj. 活着的，常做表语或者后置定语 People alive should cherish what we have now.
6. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.
这些作品通过手工用一种特殊的陶土精心塑型，然后再自然晾干。
air-dry Vt.晾干 towel-dry 用毛巾擦干 Towel-dry your hair after washing it.