2023届高三英语复习独立主格结构及其在阅读、语法、写作中的运用课件（35张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语复习独立主格结构及其在阅读、语法、写作中的运用课件（35张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 75.7MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-11 06:58:06 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
独立主格结构
阅读理解，语法填空，读后续写
策马前途须努力，莫学龙钟虚叹息。
2023/5
CONTENTS
01
02
03
04
定义
构成
应用
练习
PART 01
什么是独立主格
定义
点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。
点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文信息，字体大小可调节。
句型转换
After he had finished the work, he went home.
2. After the work was finished, he went home
After finishing the work, he went home.
The work finished, he went home.
3. Because the earthquake destroyed everything, they became homeless.
The earthquake destroying everything, they became homeless.
定义
非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作状语，这种结构属于独立主格结构。
定义
它不依赖于主句，相对独立
它的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致
它是一种结构，不是一个句子
独立
主格
结构
PART 02
构成
如何写独立主格
关键词
关词
01
主语（n./pron.) + 现在分词
As soon as the bell rang, all the students entered the classroom.
___________________, all the students entered the classroom.
The bell ringing
Weather permitting,we're going to visit you tomorrow.
The guests _______(leave), he began to relieve himself from serving others and took a rest.
如果天气允许，我们明天会去看你。
The girl in the photo is smiling, ______________(头发在风中飘扬).
He wrapped her up with great care, _____________________.
(夜又黑又冷).
______________(女孩两眼望着他) , he didn’t know what to say.
Practice
Key:
(1)her hair flowing in the wind
(2)the night being dark and cold
(3)The girl staring at him
If everything is taken into consideration, he is the most suitable person for the job.
02
主语（n./pron.) + 过去分词
________________________________________, he is the most suitable person for the job.
Everything taken into consideration
He sat there, his arms __________(cross) in front of his chest.
如果给我们更多的时间，我们能完成这项工作。
More time given，we can finish the work.
_______________(干完了活), she sat down for a cup of tea.
_____________(由于眼镜摔坏了) , she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard.
The boy lay on his back，_________________________(双手交叉放在头下).
Practice
Key:
(1)Her work done (2)Her glasses broken
(3)his hands crossed under his head
03
主语（n./pron.) + 不定式
Lots of work ______(do),I have to work extra hours.
如果没人叫醒我，我第一节课可能会迟到。
No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.
The students were divided into three groups, and each group would finish their own work.
The students were divided into three groups, __________________________________________________.
each group to finish one third of the work
不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图” “约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。
Practice
____________(他的朋友今晚要来), he is busy preparing the dinner.
We divided the work, ______(他擦窗户) and I to sweep the floor.
The two boys said good-bye to each other, __________________. (一个回了家，另一个去了他朋友家)
Key:
(1)His friends to come tonight
(2)he to clean the windows
(3)one to go home, the other to go to his friend's.
04
主语（n./pron.) + adj.
这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
So many people （being）absent, the meeting had to be called off.
那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody (being) alive.
Practice
由于地面是湿的，我只得待在外面。
婴儿又哭了，他的脸变得苍白，嘴唇无色。
Key:
(1) The floor wet，I had to stay outside.
(2) The baby began to cry again, his face very pale and his lips colorless.
05
主语（n./pron.) + 介词短语
孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来。
The children runs towards us, flowers in hands.
玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.
Practice
Many people were lined along the streets,___________________
(手里拿着旗子).
____________________(心都到嗓子眼了), I feared the bear
would charge at(对…猛攻) me.
Key:
(1)flags in hands
(2)Heart in mouth
Practice
老师在他的胳膊下夹着一本书进来了。
他躺着草地上，双手放在头下面。
Key:
(1)The teacher came in, a book under his arm.
(2)He was lying on the lawn, his hands under his head.
06
主语（n./pron.) + adv.
楼上的噪音让我睡不着觉。
Those noises upstairs, I couldn’t go to sleep.
他低头坐在桌子边。
He sat at the table, head down.
表演结束，人群涌向出口。
The performance over, audiences rushed to the exit.
Practice
Key:
(1)The game over
(2)the light on
_______________(比赛结束),the audience applauded.
The baby felt asleep,______________(灯开着) .
07
主语（n./pron.) + n.
他和狼搏斗着，唯一的武器是一根棍棒。
He fought against the wolf, a stick his only weapon.
我收到很多礼物，大多是书。
I received many gifts, many of them books.
很多人来参观这个城市，其中大多数是外国人。
Many people come to visit the city, most of them foreigners.
Practice
Key:
(1)His first try failure
(2)some of them books
_________________(他第一次尝试失败了), he tried again.
The little boy received many Christmas gifts,_______________
(其中一些是玩具).
PART 03
应用
考试中的独立主格
关键词
关词
阅读理解长难句
( 2022 浙江卷 ) ：
Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators (捕食者).
大多数这种兔子的毛皮会在冬天是白色，夏天变成棕色，每个颜色都为了让自己能够更好地躲避捕食者。
关键词
关词
阅读理解长难句
( 2022 北京卷) ：
These unsolved puzzles are the great equalizers, helping us realize that we are on the same level as the greatest of mathematicians, all of us staring over the unknown abyss (深渊), looking for a way down into the mystery.
这些未解之谜是伟大的均衡器，帮助我们意识到我们与最伟大的数学家处于同一水平。我们所有人都凝视着未知的深渊，寻找一条通往神秘的道路。
关键词
关词
语法填空
More time __________ (give), we can finish the work.
Time________(permit), students can find a part－time job to decrease the burden of their family.
He stood in shame, his head down and eyes ________ (lower).
He sat there, his arms __________(cross) in front of his chest.
There were hundreds of guests in the wedding ceremony, all ________ (dress) up in formal, colourful clothes.
It ________ (be) Sunday, the street is very crowded.
given
-ting
lowered
crossed
dressed
being
关键词
关词
写作
他的朋友今晚要来，他正忙着准备晚餐。(主语+不定式)
做完作业后，汤姆睡着了。(主语+分词)
他与老虎搏斗，那是他唯一的武器。(主语+名词)
我听说她在这场事故中受伤了, 心中充满担忧。(主语+形容词)
他低头坐在桌子边。(主语+副词)
老师在他的胳膊下夹着一本书进来了。(主语+介词短语)
关键词
关词
写作
His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.
His homework finished, Tom went to sleep.
He fought the tiger，a stick his only weapon.
I heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of sorry.
He sat at the table, head down.
The teacher came in, a book under his arm.
PART 04
练习
熟能生巧
PART 05
知识小结
形成框架
1.独立主格结构是一种结构，不是一个句子，不需要用谓语动词。
2.独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它有自己逻辑上的主语，表达相对独立的意思，它独立存在。
3.独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
4.在句中只作状语，并可对主句进行补充说明。
5.名词或代词与后面的分词构成一定的关系：如与现在分词（doing)构成主谓关系或与过去分词(done)构成动宾关系等。
Summary
知识补充
with的复合结构
在独立主格结构前面加上with就可以构成“with 复合结构”，即：“with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语”。
这种结构中，with已经失去原有的词义，宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。
She walked out of the classroom with the lesson finished.
with的复合结构
He left the room with the candle burning on the table.
I saw an old woman seated under a tall tree with her hands crossed.
She stared at him with her mouth open.
With such good leaders to carry out the party's policy, we feel great.
The Emperor walked in the middle of the procession with nothing on.
The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom's mother.
Wu Song fought the tiger with a stick his only weapon.
Thanks
策马前途须努力，莫学龙钟虚叹息。
独立主格结构
阅读理解，语法填空，读后续写
策马前途须努力，莫学龙钟虚叹息。
2023/5
CONTENTS
01
02
03
04
定义
构成
应用
练习
PART 01
什么是独立主格
定义
点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。
点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文本信息，字体大小可调节。点击输入文本信息，简要陈述文信息，字体大小可调节。
句型转换
After he had finished the work, he went home.
2. After the work was finished, he went home
After finishing the work, he went home.
The work finished, he went home.
3. Because the earthquake destroyed everything, they became homeless.
The earthquake destroying everything, they became homeless.
定义
非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作状语，这种结构属于独立主格结构。
定义
它不依赖于主句，相对独立
它的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致
它是一种结构，不是一个句子
独立
主格
结构
PART 02
构成
如何写独立主格
关键词
关词
01
主语（n./pron.) + 现在分词
As soon as the bell rang, all the students entered the classroom.
___________________, all the students entered the classroom.
The bell ringing
Weather permitting,we're going to visit you tomorrow.
The guests _______(leave), he began to relieve himself from serving others and took a rest.
如果天气允许，我们明天会去看你。
The girl in the photo is smiling, ______________(头发在风中飘扬).
He wrapped her up with great care, _____________________.
(夜又黑又冷).
______________(女孩两眼望着他) , he didn’t know what to say.
Practice
Key:
(1)her hair flowing in the wind
(2)the night being dark and cold
(3)The girl staring at him
If everything is taken into consideration, he is the most suitable person for the job.
02
主语（n./pron.) + 过去分词
________________________________________, he is the most suitable person for the job.
Everything taken into consideration
He sat there, his arms __________(cross) in front of his chest.
如果给我们更多的时间，我们能完成这项工作。
More time given，we can finish the work.
_______________(干完了活), she sat down for a cup of tea.
_____________(由于眼镜摔坏了) , she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard.
The boy lay on his back，_________________________(双手交叉放在头下).
Practice
Key:
(1)Her work done (2)Her glasses broken
(3)his hands crossed under his head
03
主语（n./pron.) + 不定式
Lots of work ______(do),I have to work extra hours.
如果没人叫醒我，我第一节课可能会迟到。
No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.
The students were divided into three groups, and each group would finish their own work.
The students were divided into three groups, __________________________________________________.
each group to finish one third of the work
不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图” “约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。
Practice
____________(他的朋友今晚要来), he is busy preparing the dinner.
We divided the work, ______(他擦窗户) and I to sweep the floor.
The two boys said good-bye to each other, __________________. (一个回了家，另一个去了他朋友家)
Key:
(1)His friends to come tonight
(2)he to clean the windows
(3)one to go home, the other to go to his friend's.
04
主语（n./pron.) + adj.
这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
So many people （being）absent, the meeting had to be called off.
那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody (being) alive.
Practice
由于地面是湿的，我只得待在外面。
婴儿又哭了，他的脸变得苍白，嘴唇无色。
Key:
(1) The floor wet，I had to stay outside.
(2) The baby began to cry again, his face very pale and his lips colorless.
05
主语（n./pron.) + 介词短语
孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来。
The children runs towards us, flowers in hands.
玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.
Practice
Many people were lined along the streets,___________________
(手里拿着旗子).
____________________(心都到嗓子眼了), I feared the bear
would charge at(对…猛攻) me.
Key:
(1)flags in hands
(2)Heart in mouth
Practice
老师在他的胳膊下夹着一本书进来了。
他躺着草地上，双手放在头下面。
Key:
(1)The teacher came in, a book under his arm.
(2)He was lying on the lawn, his hands under his head.
06
主语（n./pron.) + adv.
楼上的噪音让我睡不着觉。
Those noises upstairs, I couldn’t go to sleep.
他低头坐在桌子边。
He sat at the table, head down.
表演结束，人群涌向出口。
The performance over, audiences rushed to the exit.
Practice
Key:
(1)The game over
(2)the light on
_______________(比赛结束),the audience applauded.
The baby felt asleep,______________(灯开着) .
07
主语（n./pron.) + n.
他和狼搏斗着，唯一的武器是一根棍棒。
He fought against the wolf, a stick his only weapon.
我收到很多礼物，大多是书。
I received many gifts, many of them books.
很多人来参观这个城市，其中大多数是外国人。
Many people come to visit the city, most of them foreigners.
Practice
Key:
(1)His first try failure
(2)some of them books
_________________(他第一次尝试失败了), he tried again.
The little boy received many Christmas gifts,_______________
(其中一些是玩具).
PART 03
应用
考试中的独立主格
关键词
关词
阅读理解长难句
( 2022 浙江卷 ) ：
Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators (捕食者).
大多数这种兔子的毛皮会在冬天是白色，夏天变成棕色，每个颜色都为了让自己能够更好地躲避捕食者。
关键词
关词
阅读理解长难句
( 2022 北京卷) ：
These unsolved puzzles are the great equalizers, helping us realize that we are on the same level as the greatest of mathematicians, all of us staring over the unknown abyss (深渊), looking for a way down into the mystery.
这些未解之谜是伟大的均衡器，帮助我们意识到我们与最伟大的数学家处于同一水平。我们所有人都凝视着未知的深渊，寻找一条通往神秘的道路。
关键词
关词
语法填空
More time __________ (give), we can finish the work.
Time________(permit), students can find a part－time job to decrease the burden of their family.
He stood in shame, his head down and eyes ________ (lower).
He sat there, his arms __________(cross) in front of his chest.
There were hundreds of guests in the wedding ceremony, all ________ (dress) up in formal, colourful clothes.
It ________ (be) Sunday, the street is very crowded.
given
-ting
lowered
crossed
dressed
being
关键词
关词
写作
他的朋友今晚要来，他正忙着准备晚餐。(主语+不定式)
做完作业后，汤姆睡着了。(主语+分词)
他与老虎搏斗，那是他唯一的武器。(主语+名词)
我听说她在这场事故中受伤了, 心中充满担忧。(主语+形容词)
他低头坐在桌子边。(主语+副词)
老师在他的胳膊下夹着一本书进来了。(主语+介词短语)
关键词
关词
写作
His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.
His homework finished, Tom went to sleep.
He fought the tiger，a stick his only weapon.
I heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of sorry.
He sat at the table, head down.
The teacher came in, a book under his arm.
PART 04
练习
熟能生巧
PART 05
知识小结
形成框架
1.独立主格结构是一种结构，不是一个句子，不需要用谓语动词。
2.独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它有自己逻辑上的主语，表达相对独立的意思，它独立存在。
3.独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。
4.在句中只作状语，并可对主句进行补充说明。
5.名词或代词与后面的分词构成一定的关系：如与现在分词（doing)构成主谓关系或与过去分词(done)构成动宾关系等。
Summary
知识补充
with的复合结构
在独立主格结构前面加上with就可以构成“with 复合结构”，即：“with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补足语”。
这种结构中，with已经失去原有的词义，宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。
She walked out of the classroom with the lesson finished.
with的复合结构
He left the room with the candle burning on the table.
I saw an old woman seated under a tall tree with her hands crossed.
She stared at him with her mouth open.
With such good leaders to carry out the party's policy, we feel great.
The Emperor walked in the middle of the procession with nothing on.
The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom's mother.
Wu Song fought the tiger with a stick his only weapon.
Thanks
策马前途须努力，莫学龙钟虚叹息。