2023年高考英语外刊阅读理解训练：与陌生人交谈的好处（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023年高考英语外刊阅读理解训练：与陌生人交谈的好处（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-05-11 12:58:12 | ||
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2023年高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——与陌生人交谈的好处
——改编自The benefits of talking to strangers
According to some people, "it's good to talk." And on my daily commute to London, I often see people carrying on conversations with friends or family members over the phone. However, it strikes me as odd that they speak as if their friend was sitting right beside them while disregarding those who are actually present.
Many of us spend time around strangers each day, such as during our commute or while sitting in a park or cafe. But we rarely interact with them. However, new research suggests that starting conversations with strangers can be beneficial for our health.
Behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley from the University of Chicago and Juliana Schroeder from the University of California studied whether people misunderstand the effects of distant social connections. They found that when it comes to initiating conversation with strangers, most people feel uncomfortable and intimidated. Additionally, we tend to underestimate how much a new person may like us when we strike up a conversation.
The researchers conducted an experiment involving a group of Chicago commuters and found that "every participant in our experiment who actually tried to talk to a stranger found the person sitting next to them was happy to chat." Other studies indicate that connecting with strangers is surprisingly pleasant and has a positive impact on our well-being. Social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom from Essex University noted that "people are in a better mood after they reach out and have a conversation, however minimal." It's true that talking can make you happy, which can lead to better mental health.
However, if you're an introvert, the thought of striking up a conversation with someone new might make you nervous. But American research suggests that "both extroverts and introverts are happier when they are asked to behave in an extroverted manner." Therefore, even if you're typically introverted, perhaps it's time to come out of your shell and try making small talk with a stranger; it could potentially lead to a new friendship.
【重点词汇】
1. according / k rd / prep. 根据
2. conversation / kɑ nv r se n/ n. 交谈
3. commute /k mju t/ v. n. 上下班往返
4. carry on 进行，继续
5. personal / p rs nl/ adj. 个人的
6. acknowledge / k n l d / v. 承认
7. stranger / stre nd (r)/ n. 陌生人
8. evidence / ev dns/ n. 证据
9. pluck up the courage 鼓起勇气
10. strike up 开始（谈话）
11. positive / p z t v/ adj. 积极的
12. experience / k sp ri ns/ n. 经验
13. interact / nt r kt/ v. 相互作用
14. misunderstanding / m s nd st nd / n. 误解
15. consequence / k ns kw ns/ n. 后果
16. social / s l/ adj. 社会的
17. connection /k nek n/ n. 联系
18. uncomfortable / n k mft bl/ adj. 不舒服的
19. intimidate / n t m de t/ v. 恐吓
20. initial / n l/ adj. 最初的
21. underestimate / nd r est me t/ v. 低估
22. Chicago / kɑ ɡ / n. 芝加哥
23. participant /pɑ t s p nt/ n. 参加者
24. extroverted / ekstr v t d/ adj. 外向的
25. loner / l n (r)/ n. 孤独者
26. shell / el/ n. 壳
27. potential /p ten l/ adj. 潜在的
28. benefit / ben f t/ v. n. 获益
29. behavioural /b he vj r l/ adj. 行为的
30. scientist / sa nt st/ n. 科学家
31. California / k l f ni / n. 加利福尼亚
32. solitude / s l tju d/ n. 孤独
33. distant / d st nt/ adj. 遥远的
34. connection /k nek n/ n. 联系
35. intimidated / n t m de t d/ adj. 受到威胁的
36. research /r s t / n. 研究
37. initiate / n ie t/ v. 开始
38. pleasant / pleznt/ adj. 愉快的
39. impact / mp kt/ n. 影响
40. well-being / wel bi / n. 健康状况
41. psychologist /sa k l d st/ n. 心理学家
42. minimal / m n ml/ adj. 最小的
43. nervous / n v s/ adj. 紧张的
44. potential /p ten l/ adj. 潜在的
45. extroverted / ekstr v t d/ adj. 外向的
46. mood /mu d/ n. 心情
47. behaviour /b he vj (r)/ n. 行为
48. introvert / ntr v t/ n. 内向者
e out of one's shell 开朗起来
50. friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊
【阅读理解练习题】
1. What do the behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder suggest about starting conversations with strangers
A) It is generally uncomfortable and intimidating.
B) It is beneficial for our health and well-being.
C) It does not lead to new friendships.
D) It is less pleasant than talking to friends or family members.
答案：
解析：文中提到这两位行为科学家的研究发现，与陌生人开始交流对我们的健康有益。
2. How did participants in a Chicago commuter experiment respond when they tried to talk to strangers
A) They found the strangers hostile and unfriendly.
B) They were surprised by how receptive the strangers were.
C) They felt uncomfortable and intimidated.
D) They were disappointed by the lack of response from the strangers.
答案：B
解析：文章提到研究人员在芝加哥进行了一个实验，结果是所有实验参与者试图和陌生人交谈时发现这些人都很愿意聊天。因此可以推断他们对这种经历感到惊讶。
3. What does social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom suggest about talking to strangers
A) It only has a minimal impact on our well-being.
B) It can improve our social skills.
C) It puts us in a better mood.
D) It is less effective than talking to friends or family members.
答案：C
解析：文章中引用Gillian Sandstrom的话说，与别人建立联系后，无论多么微小，人们心情都会更好。
4. What did American research suggest about extroverted behavior
A) It is only beneficial for extroverted individuals.
B) It has no impact on one's happiness level.
C) Both introverts and extroverts benefit from it.
D)It leads to social anxiety and should be avoided.
答案：C
解析：美国的研究表明“要求内向者表现得外向，无论外向者还是内向者，都会变得更快乐”。
5. Who might be hesitant to start a conversation with a stranger
A) Someone who is outgoing and sociable.
B) Someone who is typically talkative.
C) Someone who is introverted.
D) Someone who is disrespectful of others.
答案：C
解析：文章提到如果你是一个内向的人，那么与陌生人开始聊天的想法可能会让你感到紧张。
6. How does the author feel about people talking on their phones in public spaces
A) Impressed by their ability to multitask.
B) Disapproving of their behavior.
C) Jealous of their social connections.
D) Inspired to strike up conversations with strangers.
答案：B
解析：根据文章开头的描述，作者对于人们在公共场合高谈阔论朋友或家人的行为感到奇怪，因此可以判断他对这种行为持不赞成的态度。
7. What main point is made in this article
A) Talking to strangers can be good for our health and well-being.
B) It is best to avoid interactions with strangers.
C) Extroverted behavior is better than introverted behavior.
D) Social psychologists have little understanding of human behavior.
答案：A
解析：文章的中心思想是和陌生人聊天对我们的健康和幸福有益。
8. If your friend is hesitant to talk to strangers, what information from the article could you share to encourage them
A) Even introverts benefit from acting extroverted in certain situations.
B) American research suggests that talking to strangers leads to social anxiety.
C) Strangers are typically unfriendly and unapproachable.
D) Behavioral scientists have found that distancing ourselves from social connections is beneficial for our health.
答案：A
解析：根据文章，美国的研究表明“要求内向者表现得外向，无
论外向者还是内向者，都会变得更快乐”。因此可以告诉朋友，即使他们是一个内向的人，在某些情况下也可以表现得外向一些。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
根据一些人的说法，“交谈是件好事。”
According to some people, "it's good to talk."
在我每天去伦敦的路上，我经常看到人们在电话里和朋友或家人交谈。
And on my daily commute to London, I often see people carrying on conversations with friends or family members over the phone.
然而，让我感到奇怪的是，他们说话的样子就好像他们的朋友就坐在他们旁边，而无视那些实际在场的人。
However, it strikes me as odd that they speak as if their friend was sitting right beside them while disregarding those who are actually present.
我们中的许多人每天都会花时间和陌生人在一起，比如在上下班途中，或者坐在公园里或咖啡馆里。
Many of us spend time around strangers each day, such as during our commute or while sitting in a park or cafe.
但我们很少与他们互动。
But we rarely interact with them.
然而，新的研究表明，与陌生人交谈对我们的健康有益。
However, new research suggests that starting conversations with strangers can be beneficial for our health.
芝加哥大学的行为科学家尼古拉斯·埃普利和加州大学的朱莉安娜·施罗德研究了人们是否误解了远距离社会关系的影响。
Behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley from the University of Chicago and Juliana Schroeder from the University of California studied whether people misunderstand the effects of distant social connections.
他们发现，当与陌生人开始交谈时，大多数人会感到不舒服和害怕。
They found that when it comes to initiating conversation with strangers, most people feel uncomfortable and intimidated.
此外，当我们开始谈话时，我们往往会低估一个陌生人对我们的喜爱程度。
Additionally, we tend to underestimate how much a new
person may like us when we strike up a conversation.
研究人员对一群芝加哥通勤者进行了一项实验，发现“在我们的实验中，每个试图与陌生人交谈的参与者都发现，坐在他们旁边的人很乐意聊天。”
The researchers conducted an experiment involving a group of Chicago commuters and found that "every participant in our experiment who actually tried to talk to a stranger found the person sitting next to them was happy to chat."
其他研究表明，与陌生人交往是令人惊讶的愉快，对我们的幸福有积极的影响。
Other studies indicate that connecting with strangers is surprisingly pleasant and has a positive impact on our well-being.
埃塞克斯大学的社会心理学家吉莉安·桑德斯特罗姆指出:“人们在伸出手来进行交谈后，心情会更好，无论交谈的次数有多少。”
Social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom from Essex University noted that "people are in a better mood after they reach out and have a conversation, however minimal."
的确，交谈可以让你快乐，这可以带来更好的心理健康。
It's true that talking can make you happy, which can lead to better mental health.
然而，如果你是一个内向的人，与陌生人搭讪的想法可能会让你感到紧张。
However, if you're an introvert, the thought of striking up a conversation with someone new might make you nervous.
但美国的研究表明，“当被要求以外向的方式行事时，外向者和内向者都更快乐。”
But American research suggests that "both extroverts and introverts are happier when they are asked to behave in an extroverted manner."
因此，即使你是典型的内向者，也许是时候走出你的壳，试着和陌生人寒暄了;
Therefore, even if you're typically introverted, perhaps it's time to come out of your shell and try making small talk with a stranger;
这可能会带来一段新的友谊。
it could potentially lead to a new friendship.
——改编自The benefits of talking to strangers
According to some people, "it's good to talk." And on my daily commute to London, I often see people carrying on conversations with friends or family members over the phone. However, it strikes me as odd that they speak as if their friend was sitting right beside them while disregarding those who are actually present.
Many of us spend time around strangers each day, such as during our commute or while sitting in a park or cafe. But we rarely interact with them. However, new research suggests that starting conversations with strangers can be beneficial for our health.
Behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley from the University of Chicago and Juliana Schroeder from the University of California studied whether people misunderstand the effects of distant social connections. They found that when it comes to initiating conversation with strangers, most people feel uncomfortable and intimidated. Additionally, we tend to underestimate how much a new person may like us when we strike up a conversation.
The researchers conducted an experiment involving a group of Chicago commuters and found that "every participant in our experiment who actually tried to talk to a stranger found the person sitting next to them was happy to chat." Other studies indicate that connecting with strangers is surprisingly pleasant and has a positive impact on our well-being. Social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom from Essex University noted that "people are in a better mood after they reach out and have a conversation, however minimal." It's true that talking can make you happy, which can lead to better mental health.
However, if you're an introvert, the thought of striking up a conversation with someone new might make you nervous. But American research suggests that "both extroverts and introverts are happier when they are asked to behave in an extroverted manner." Therefore, even if you're typically introverted, perhaps it's time to come out of your shell and try making small talk with a stranger; it could potentially lead to a new friendship.
【重点词汇】
1. according / k rd / prep. 根据
2. conversation / kɑ nv r se n/ n. 交谈
3. commute /k mju t/ v. n. 上下班往返
4. carry on 进行，继续
5. personal / p rs nl/ adj. 个人的
6. acknowledge / k n l d / v. 承认
7. stranger / stre nd (r)/ n. 陌生人
8. evidence / ev dns/ n. 证据
9. pluck up the courage 鼓起勇气
10. strike up 开始（谈话）
11. positive / p z t v/ adj. 积极的
12. experience / k sp ri ns/ n. 经验
13. interact / nt r kt/ v. 相互作用
14. misunderstanding / m s nd st nd / n. 误解
15. consequence / k ns kw ns/ n. 后果
16. social / s l/ adj. 社会的
17. connection /k nek n/ n. 联系
18. uncomfortable / n k mft bl/ adj. 不舒服的
19. intimidate / n t m de t/ v. 恐吓
20. initial / n l/ adj. 最初的
21. underestimate / nd r est me t/ v. 低估
22. Chicago / kɑ ɡ / n. 芝加哥
23. participant /pɑ t s p nt/ n. 参加者
24. extroverted / ekstr v t d/ adj. 外向的
25. loner / l n (r)/ n. 孤独者
26. shell / el/ n. 壳
27. potential /p ten l/ adj. 潜在的
28. benefit / ben f t/ v. n. 获益
29. behavioural /b he vj r l/ adj. 行为的
30. scientist / sa nt st/ n. 科学家
31. California / k l f ni / n. 加利福尼亚
32. solitude / s l tju d/ n. 孤独
33. distant / d st nt/ adj. 遥远的
34. connection /k nek n/ n. 联系
35. intimidated / n t m de t d/ adj. 受到威胁的
36. research /r s t / n. 研究
37. initiate / n ie t/ v. 开始
38. pleasant / pleznt/ adj. 愉快的
39. impact / mp kt/ n. 影响
40. well-being / wel bi / n. 健康状况
41. psychologist /sa k l d st/ n. 心理学家
42. minimal / m n ml/ adj. 最小的
43. nervous / n v s/ adj. 紧张的
44. potential /p ten l/ adj. 潜在的
45. extroverted / ekstr v t d/ adj. 外向的
46. mood /mu d/ n. 心情
47. behaviour /b he vj (r)/ n. 行为
48. introvert / ntr v t/ n. 内向者
e out of one's shell 开朗起来
50. friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊
【阅读理解练习题】
1. What do the behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder suggest about starting conversations with strangers
A) It is generally uncomfortable and intimidating.
B) It is beneficial for our health and well-being.
C) It does not lead to new friendships.
D) It is less pleasant than talking to friends or family members.
答案：
解析：文中提到这两位行为科学家的研究发现，与陌生人开始交流对我们的健康有益。
2. How did participants in a Chicago commuter experiment respond when they tried to talk to strangers
A) They found the strangers hostile and unfriendly.
B) They were surprised by how receptive the strangers were.
C) They felt uncomfortable and intimidated.
D) They were disappointed by the lack of response from the strangers.
答案：B
解析：文章提到研究人员在芝加哥进行了一个实验，结果是所有实验参与者试图和陌生人交谈时发现这些人都很愿意聊天。因此可以推断他们对这种经历感到惊讶。
3. What does social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom suggest about talking to strangers
A) It only has a minimal impact on our well-being.
B) It can improve our social skills.
C) It puts us in a better mood.
D) It is less effective than talking to friends or family members.
答案：C
解析：文章中引用Gillian Sandstrom的话说，与别人建立联系后，无论多么微小，人们心情都会更好。
4. What did American research suggest about extroverted behavior
A) It is only beneficial for extroverted individuals.
B) It has no impact on one's happiness level.
C) Both introverts and extroverts benefit from it.
D)It leads to social anxiety and should be avoided.
答案：C
解析：美国的研究表明“要求内向者表现得外向，无论外向者还是内向者，都会变得更快乐”。
5. Who might be hesitant to start a conversation with a stranger
A) Someone who is outgoing and sociable.
B) Someone who is typically talkative.
C) Someone who is introverted.
D) Someone who is disrespectful of others.
答案：C
解析：文章提到如果你是一个内向的人，那么与陌生人开始聊天的想法可能会让你感到紧张。
6. How does the author feel about people talking on their phones in public spaces
A) Impressed by their ability to multitask.
B) Disapproving of their behavior.
C) Jealous of their social connections.
D) Inspired to strike up conversations with strangers.
答案：B
解析：根据文章开头的描述，作者对于人们在公共场合高谈阔论朋友或家人的行为感到奇怪，因此可以判断他对这种行为持不赞成的态度。
7. What main point is made in this article
A) Talking to strangers can be good for our health and well-being.
B) It is best to avoid interactions with strangers.
C) Extroverted behavior is better than introverted behavior.
D) Social psychologists have little understanding of human behavior.
答案：A
解析：文章的中心思想是和陌生人聊天对我们的健康和幸福有益。
8. If your friend is hesitant to talk to strangers, what information from the article could you share to encourage them
A) Even introverts benefit from acting extroverted in certain situations.
B) American research suggests that talking to strangers leads to social anxiety.
C) Strangers are typically unfriendly and unapproachable.
D) Behavioral scientists have found that distancing ourselves from social connections is beneficial for our health.
答案：A
解析：根据文章，美国的研究表明“要求内向者表现得外向，无
论外向者还是内向者，都会变得更快乐”。因此可以告诉朋友，即使他们是一个内向的人，在某些情况下也可以表现得外向一些。
【全文逐句对照翻译】
根据一些人的说法，“交谈是件好事。”
According to some people, "it's good to talk."
在我每天去伦敦的路上，我经常看到人们在电话里和朋友或家人交谈。
And on my daily commute to London, I often see people carrying on conversations with friends or family members over the phone.
然而，让我感到奇怪的是，他们说话的样子就好像他们的朋友就坐在他们旁边，而无视那些实际在场的人。
However, it strikes me as odd that they speak as if their friend was sitting right beside them while disregarding those who are actually present.
我们中的许多人每天都会花时间和陌生人在一起，比如在上下班途中，或者坐在公园里或咖啡馆里。
Many of us spend time around strangers each day, such as during our commute or while sitting in a park or cafe.
但我们很少与他们互动。
But we rarely interact with them.
然而，新的研究表明，与陌生人交谈对我们的健康有益。
However, new research suggests that starting conversations with strangers can be beneficial for our health.
芝加哥大学的行为科学家尼古拉斯·埃普利和加州大学的朱莉安娜·施罗德研究了人们是否误解了远距离社会关系的影响。
Behavioural scientists Nicholas Epley from the University of Chicago and Juliana Schroeder from the University of California studied whether people misunderstand the effects of distant social connections.
他们发现，当与陌生人开始交谈时，大多数人会感到不舒服和害怕。
They found that when it comes to initiating conversation with strangers, most people feel uncomfortable and intimidated.
此外，当我们开始谈话时，我们往往会低估一个陌生人对我们的喜爱程度。
Additionally, we tend to underestimate how much a new
person may like us when we strike up a conversation.
研究人员对一群芝加哥通勤者进行了一项实验，发现“在我们的实验中，每个试图与陌生人交谈的参与者都发现，坐在他们旁边的人很乐意聊天。”
The researchers conducted an experiment involving a group of Chicago commuters and found that "every participant in our experiment who actually tried to talk to a stranger found the person sitting next to them was happy to chat."
其他研究表明，与陌生人交往是令人惊讶的愉快，对我们的幸福有积极的影响。
Other studies indicate that connecting with strangers is surprisingly pleasant and has a positive impact on our well-being.
埃塞克斯大学的社会心理学家吉莉安·桑德斯特罗姆指出:“人们在伸出手来进行交谈后，心情会更好，无论交谈的次数有多少。”
Social psychologist Gillian Sandstrom from Essex University noted that "people are in a better mood after they reach out and have a conversation, however minimal."
的确，交谈可以让你快乐，这可以带来更好的心理健康。
It's true that talking can make you happy, which can lead to better mental health.
然而，如果你是一个内向的人，与陌生人搭讪的想法可能会让你感到紧张。
However, if you're an introvert, the thought of striking up a conversation with someone new might make you nervous.
但美国的研究表明，“当被要求以外向的方式行事时，外向者和内向者都更快乐。”
But American research suggests that "both extroverts and introverts are happier when they are asked to behave in an extroverted manner."
因此，即使你是典型的内向者，也许是时候走出你的壳，试着和陌生人寒暄了;
Therefore, even if you're typically introverted, perhaps it's time to come out of your shell and try making small talk with a stranger;
这可能会带来一段新的友谊。
it could potentially lead to a new friendship.