牛津译林版（2019） 必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance知识·技能·考试 重难点 课件(共12张PPT)

(共12张PPT)
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
知识·技能·考试
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语言知识运用
1．harm
例1 [陕西师大附中2022高一期中]It is widely believed that the presence of water allowed the earth to absorb ________ (harm) gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
例2 [广东东莞外国语学校2022高一期中]Factories produce a large amount of poisonous chemicals, which damage the ecological balance and do great harm ________ our health.
【解析】例1：harmful　设空处修饰名词词组gases and acids，表示“有害的”，应用形容词harmful。
例2：to　本题考查固定短语do harm to sb/sth，意为“对某人/某物有害”。
语言知识运用
2．variety
例1 [全国甲2022·改编]Some of these cultural dining etiquette (礼节) rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in ________ (vary) countries.
例2 [广东广州一中2022阶段练习]The environments where they wandered were in three________ (vary): flat grounds, grounds with hills and steps, and ones that had the complexity of the second sort, but with added objects.
例3 [全国新高考Ⅰ2021·改编]When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety ________ wildlife.
语言知识运用
【解析】例1：various　例2：varieties　例3：of
3．survive
例1 [河南濮阳2022高二期末]She studies their language, gains their trust and seeks their advice for ________ (survive)．
例2 [江苏无锡2022高一期末]Though rescuers spare no effort to look for signs of lives, no ________ (survive) has been found so far.
【解析】例1：survival　句意为：她学习它们的语言，获得它们的信任，并向它们寻求生存的建议。设空处作介词for的宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“生存”，应填survival。
例2：survivor　句意为：尽管救援人员不遗余力地寻找生命迹象，但目前尚未找到幸存者。设空处在主句中作主语，根据句意可知，设空处表示“幸存者”，且由has been可知应用名词单数形式，故填survivor。
语言知识运用
4．disappear
例 [辽宁省协作校2022高二期末]Therefore, many environmentalists are turning to “rewilding”， which aims to prevent the ________ (disappear) of biodiversity.
【解析】例：disappearance　句意为：因此，很多环保主义者正在转向“再野生化”，这一概念旨在阻止生物多样性的消失。
语言知识运用
5．impact
例1 [全国乙2021·改编]Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact ________ the natural environment.
例2 This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had ________ impact on Earth’s ecology.
【解析】例1：on/upon　句意为：那里的活动有观赏鲸鱼、远足等，且(提供的)住宿力求对自然环境产生较轻的影响。
例2：an　句意为：这个令人担忧的案例表明了温度的升高是如何对地球生态产生影响的。have an impact on… 为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。
语言知识运用
6．application
例 [北京2021·改编]You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the ________ (apply) form.
【解析】例：application　句意为：在填写申请表之前，你应该准备好你的求职信。
语言知识运用
7．defence
例1 [福建厦门2022模拟预测]If no actions are taken, the region will face the threat of being buried by sand as no ________ (defend) can stop the advancing deserts and repetitive strong sandstorms.
例2 A monument was built in memory of those soldiers who died in ________ (defend) of our country.
【解析】例1：defence　句意为：如果不采取措施，该地区将面临被沙子掩埋的威胁，因为没有任何防御措施可以阻止沙漠的逼近和反复的强沙尘暴。设空处作as引导的原因状语从句的主语，应用名词形式。
例2：defence　句意为：人们建了一座纪念碑，以此来纪念那些为国捐躯的战士。in defence of在此意为“保卫”。
语言知识运用
8．consequence
例1 He twisted his ankle in skiing, ________ the consequence that he was unable to take the exams.
例2 ________ a consequence, they can grow well to become a globally recognized company.
例3 As ________ consequence of the bad weather, the delivery was put off.
例4 [江苏泰州中学2022高二期中]Work allows us to have the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and ________ (consequence), it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
例5 [江苏南京2022模拟预测]In this way, the BioPod system effectively conserves water without troublesome ________ (consequence)．
语言知识运用
【解析】例1：with
例2：As　句意为：因此，它们可以发展得很好，成为全球认可的公司。as a consequence为固定短语，意为“因此”。
例3：a
例4：consequently　句意为：工作让我们有机会从事自己喜欢的事情。因此，工作能够给我们带来极大的成就感和满足感。设空处在句中作状语，修饰空后的并列分句，应用副词形式。
例5：consequences　句意为：通过这种方式，BioPod系统有效地节约用水，且没有产生棘手的后果。consequence意为“结果，后果”，为可数名词，设空处前没有限定词，再结合句意可知，此处应用复数形式。
语言知识运用